ἑστία: Difference between revisions

|Definition=ἡ, Ion. [[ἱστίη]] (as always in Hom. (exc. in [[ἀνέστιος]], [[ἐφέστιος]]) and Hdt., cf. <span class="title">Schwyzer</span>687.1 (Chios, vii/vi B. C.), <span class="title">IG</span>12(5).554 (Ceos), and <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> v. [[ἐφέστιος]]; [[ἑστίῃ]] is [[falsa lectio|f.l.]] in <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>734</span>); Boeot. [[ἱστία]] (Ἱ.) <span class="title">IG</span>7.556 (Tanagra); also Coan, <span class="title">SIG</span>1025.29, and Arc., ib.<span class="bibl">559.55</span>; Locr. ἰστία <span class="title">IG</span>9(1).334.7; both forms in Cretan, [[Ἑστία]] <span class="title">SIG</span>527.15 (iii B. C.), Ἱστία <span class="title">GDI</span>5079.7, al.:—[[hearth of a house]], in Hom. only in [[solemn]] [[appeal]]s, ἴστω νῦν Ζεὺς πρῶτα θεῶν..ἱστίη τ' Ὀδυσῆος <span class="bibl">Od.14.159</span>, al., cf. <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.68</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>881</span>; <b class="b3">καθῆσθαι παρ' ἑστίᾳ</b>, of suppliants, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">Fr.</span>81</span>; ἐπὶ τὴν ἑστίαν [[καθίζεσθαι]] <span class="bibl">Th.1.136</span>; ἡ [[δορύξενος]] ἑστία <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span> 633</span>; ἑστία [[μεσόμφαλος]] <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>1056</span>; ἐν στέγῃ τις ἥμενος παρ' ἑστίᾳ <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Fr.</span> 362.3</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> the [[house]] itself, [[home]], <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>1.11</span>,<span class="bibl"><span class="title">P.</span>11.13</span> : freq. in Trag., as <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ch.</span>264</span>, etc.; διξὰς ἱστίας οἴκεε <span class="bibl">Hdt.5.40</span>; <b class="b3">καταλείποντα ἐν τᾷ ἰστίᾳ παῖδα ἡβάταν</b>, of a [[colonist]], <span class="title">IG</span>9(1).334 (Locr., v B. C.) : metaph., of the [[last]] [[home]], the [[grave]], τὰν χθόνιον ἑ. [[ἰδεῖν]] <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>1726</span> (lyr.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> [[household]], [[family]], <b class="b3">οἱ πολλοί, πλὴν ὀγδώκοντα ἱστιέων κτλ</b>., <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.176</span>; ἱστίη οὐδεμία νομιζομένη εἶναι Γλαύκου <span class="bibl">Id.6.86</span>.<b class="b3">δ'</b>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">4</span> [[altar]], like [[ἐσχάρα]], <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>275</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Eu.</span>282</span>; [[βούθυτος]] ἑστία <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>1495</span> (lyr.); <b class="b3">γᾶς μεσσόμφαλος ἑ</b>., of the [[Delphic]] [[shrine]], <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ion</span>462</span> (lyr.); [[Πυθόμαντις]] ἑστία <span class="bibl">S. <span class="title">OT</span>965</span>; <b class="b3">βωμός, ἑστίας χθονός</b> (as a sanctuary) <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Supp.</span>372</span> (lyr.); <b class="b3">ἡ κοινὴ ἑ</b>. the public [[altar]], serving as a [[sanctuary]] to [[refugee]]s, <span class="title">IG</span>22.1029, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1322b28</span>; πολιτικὴ ἑ. <span class="bibl">App.<span class="title">Pun.</span>84</span>:—<b class="b3">ἡ κοινὴ ἑστία</b> also of the [[public]] [[table]], ἐδέξαντο τοὺς πρεσβευτὰς ἐπὶ τὴν κοινὴν ἑστίαν <span class="bibl">Plb.29.5.6</span>, cf. <span class="title">IG</span>5(1).961 (Cotyrta), 7.21 (Orchomenus in Boeotia), <span class="bibl">Poll.9.40</span>; <b class="b3">μυηθεὶς ἀφ' ἑστίας</b>, of a class of [[public]] [[initiate]]s at [[Eleusis]], <span class="bibl">Is.<span class="title">Fr.</span>84</span>, cf.<span class="title">IG</span> 2.1355, al.; so ὁ ἀφ' ἑστίας [[παῖς]] <span class="bibl">Porph.<span class="title">Abst.</span>4.5</span>; simply ὁ ἀφ' ἑστίας, ἡ ἀφ' ἑστίας, Ἐφ. Ἀρχ. <span class="bibl">1894.176</span>,<span class="bibl">1885.146</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">5</span> metaph., of places which are to a [[country]] as the [[hearth]] to a [[house]], as a [[metropolis]], <span class="bibl">Plb.5.58.4</span>; ἑ. καὶ [[μητρόπολις]] <span class="bibl">D.S.4.19</span>; of Delos, ἱστίη ὦ νήσων <span class="bibl">Call.<span class="title">Del.</span>325</span>:—Pythag., of the [[central]] [[fire]] of the [[universe]], <span class="bibl">Philol.7</span>, etc., cf. <span class="bibl">Alex.Aphr. <span class="title">in Metaph.</span>38.23</span>; of the earth, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Fr.</span>944</span>; of the heart in the body, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">PA</span>70a25</span>; <b class="b3">μίαν, ἰδίαν ἑστίαν ἤθους οὐκ ἔχειν</b>, Plu.2.52a,97a; of the [[liver]] as [[focus]] of a [[fever]], Gal.15.742. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> as pr. n. [[Ἑστία]], Ion. [[Ἱστίη]], [[Ἑστίη]], <span class="bibl"><span class="title">h.Hom.</span>24.1</span>, [[varia lectio|v.l.]] in <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Th.</span>454</span>the :—[[hearth]] [[goddess]], h.Ven.22, Hes.<span class="title">Th.</span>l.c., <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>11.1</span>, etc., cf. <span class="title">h.Hom.</span>24,29, <span class="bibl">Orph.<span class="title">H.</span>84</span>, <span class="bibl">D.S.5.68</span>; Ἑ. βουλαία <span class="title">IG</span>12(5).732 (Andros), <span class="bibl">Aeschin. 2.45</span>, <span class="bibl">App.<span class="title">Mith.</span>23</span>; Ἑ. πρυτανεία <span class="title">IG</span>12(5).659 (Syros); worshipped as <b class="b3">ἡ κοινὴ Ἑστία</b> by the [[Getae]], <span class="bibl">D.S.1.94</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.127</span> : [[proverb|prov.]], [[ἀφ' Ἑστίας ἄρχεσθαι]] = to [[begin from the beginning]], <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">V.</span>846</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Euthphr.</span>3a</span>; ἀπ' ἄλλης Ἑ. καὶ ἀρχῆς τὰς πράξεις προχειρίζεσθαι <span class="bibl">Str.1.1.16</span> (also ἐξ ἑ. [[ἄρχεσθαι]] Hsch.); <b class="b3">ἡ Ἑ. γελᾷ</b>, of the [[fire]] [[crackling]], <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Mete.</span>369a32</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> = Lat. [[Vesta]], <span class="bibl">Str.5.2.3</span>, <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Rom.</span>2</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> title of a [[priestess]], <span class="title">IG</span>9(1).486 (Acarnania); <b class="b3">ἑστία πόλεως</b>, as an [[honorary]] [[title]], ib.5(1).583 (Sparta). [ῑ in Od. in the appellat. <span class="bibl">14.159</span>, ῐ in <span class="title">h.Hom.</span> in pr.n.; in Hes. the reverse : ῐ always in Com.and Trag.] (Etymological connection with Vesta is doubtful; the dialects never have <b class="b3">ϝ-</b>, exc. in the pr. n. ϝιστίαυ (gen.sg.masc.)<span class="title">IG</span>5(2).271.18 (Mantinea); cf. [[γιστία]].) </span>

|ftr='''ἑστία''': {hestía}<br />'''Forms''': (att., auch Pi., delph. u. a.), ion. [[ἱστίη]], äok. böot. lokr. dor. ark. [[ἱστία]]<br />'''Grammar''': f.<br />'''Meaning''': [[Herd]], [[Feuerstätte]], [[Altar]], übertr. [[Haus]], [[Familie]] (seit Od.), auch mit Ansätzen einer Personifikation als Göttin des Herdes aufgefaßt (''h''. ''Hom''., Hes. ''Th''. 454 usw.); später der lat. ''Vesta'' gleichgesetzt (Str. u. a.).<br />'''Composita''' : Als Vorderglied z. B. in [[ἑστιοῦχος]] [[den Herd enthaltend]] = [[heimatlich]], [[den Herd beschützend]] (Trag. usw.); als Hinterglied in [[ἐφέστιος]], ion. [[ἐπίστιος]] ‘an (auf) dem Herde befindlich, zum Herd gehörig’ (seit Β 125), [[ἀνέστιος]] [[ohne Herd]] (Ι 63 usw.), συν-, [[ὁμέστιος]] usw.; über att. -έστιος im Homertext Wackernagel Unt. 9ff., Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 15; anders Solmsen Wortforsch. 214.<br />'''Derivative''': Ableitungen. ‘Ιστιήϊα n. pl. ‘Geldmittel eines ‘I.-tempels’ (Miletos V^a); [[ἑστιῶτις]] ‘zum Herd (Haus) gehörig’ (S. ''Tr''. 954 [lyr.]; vgl. Fraenkel Nom. ag. 2, 208 A. 2); [[Ἑστιασταί]] m. pl. N. der H.-verehrer (Rhod.; vgl. [[Ἀπολλωνιασταί]] u. a.); [[ἕστιος]] [[zum Herd gehörig]] (Hld., nach [[ὁμέστιος]] u. a.). Als Übersetzung von lat. ''Vesta'', ''Vestālēs'' [[Ἑστιαῖον]] [[Vestatempel]] (D. C.), Ἑστιάδες pl. [[Vestales]] (D. H., Plu.). Gewöhnliches Denominativum [[ἑστιάω]], [[ἱστιάω]] (augm. εἱσ- in εἱστίων [Lys.] usw.), auch mit Präfix, z. B. συν-, [[am Herde aufnehmen]], [[speisen]], [[bewirten]] (ion. att. dor.) mit zahlreichen Ableitungen: [[ἑστίασις]], -αμα, -ασμός [[Bewirtung]], [[ἑστιάτωρ]] (ἱστ-) [[Gastgeber]] usw., mit [[ἑστιατόριον]] (ἱστια-, ἱστιη-), auch [[ἑστιατήριον]] (nach den Nomina auf -ήριον) [[Speisesaal]] (vgl. Benveniste Noms d’agent 34 und 48); [[ἑστιατορία]] (ἱστ-) [[Fest]] u. a. — Daneben [[ἑστιόομαι]] (E. ''Ion'' 1464 [lyr.] [[δῶμα]]) [[mit einem Herd versehen werden]], [[befestigt werden]].<br />'''Etymology''' : Als Kollektiv- oder Abstraktbildung auf -ία (vgl. besondere [[οἰκία]], [[κλισία]]) setzt [[ἑστία]], woraus sekundär [[ἱστία]], -ίη durch Lautschwächung oder Assimilation (Schwyzer 256 und 531, Lejeune Traité de phon. 208 u. a.; anders Buck IF 25, 259 [nach [[ἵστημι]] und Solmsen a. a. O. [Unbetontheit des ἱ-]), ein Nomen ἑστο-, -α o. ä. voraus. — Für die Etymologie entscheidend ist die noch nicht gelöste Frage des Anlauts. Den in Zweifel gezogenen Zeugnissen für anlaut. ϝ-, ϝιστιαυ (PN, Mantineia IV^a), γιστία· [[ἐσχάρη]] (cod. -τη) H., stehen Fälle entgegen, wo ϝ wider Erwarten fehlt; s. Solmsen Unt. 213ff. Dadurch wird auch die alte, von vielen Forschern immer noch verteidigte Zusammenstellung mit lat. ''Vesta'' gefährdet. Eine bessere Erklärung ist indessen trotz mehrfachen Versuchen nicht gefunden: zu [[ἐσχάρα]] (Solmsen a. a. O.), lat. ''sīdus'' (Ehrlich KZ 41, 289ff.), [[ἕζομαι]] (Bq; dazu ιστία nach [[ἵζω]]?), slav. ''jestěja'' [[Herd]] (Machek Lingua posnan. 5, 59ff.). — Ältere Lit. bei Bq und W.-Hofmann s. ''Vesta''; s. noch Schwyzer 58 und 227 m. A. 1, Scheller Oxytonierung 60, Fraenkel Gnomon 22, 237, Benveniste BSL 44, 53. Über [[Ἑστία]] im allg. Nilsson Gr. Rel. 1, 337f., v. Wilamowitz Glaube 1, 156ff.<br />'''Page''' 1,576-577