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ἔλπω: Difference between revisions
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|Definition=([[ἐέλπω]] only Hsch. <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[sub verbo|s.v.]] [[ἐέλποιμεν]]), causal, only found in pres. (exc. <b class="b3">ἔλπεον· ἤλπιζον</b>, Id.), [[cause to hope]], <b class="b3">πάντας μὲν ἔλπει</b> she [[feeds]] all [[with hope]], <span class="bibl">Od.2.91</span>, <span class="bibl">13.380</span>; perhaps also, [[cause to expect]], <span class="bibl">Max.178</span> (but may, = [[expect]]). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> elsewhere in Med., ἔλπομαι, Ep. ἐέλπομαι, ἠλπόμην <span class="bibl">Od.9.419</span>, Alc.<span class="title">Supp.</span>22.8, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>4.243</span>, etc.: Ep. 3sg. impf. [[ἔλπετο]] and <b class="b3">ἐέλπ-</b>, <span class="bibl">Od.3.275</span>, <span class="bibl">Il.12.407</span> ([[ἔλπετο]] also in <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Syr.D.</span>22</span>): pf. ἔολπα <span class="bibl">Il.22.216</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.5.379</span>, <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>[273]</span>, <span class="bibl">A.R.2.147</span>, etc.: 3sg. plpf. ἐώλπει <span class="bibl">Il.19.328</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.20.328</span>, <span class="bibl">A.R.3.370</span>, <span class="bibl">Theoc.25.115</span>:—[[hope]] or [[expect]], Ep., Lyr., Ion. (not in Hp.) for Att. [[ἐλπίζω]] ([[quod vide|q.v.]]):— Constr., like [[ἐλπίζω]]: c. acc. and fut. inf., <span class="bibl">Il.13.8</span>, B.<span class="title">Fr.</span>12: c. aor. inf., <span class="bibl">Il.7.199</span>, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>4.243</span> codd., <span class="bibl"><span class="title">N.</span>4.92</span>: c. pf. inf., <span class="bibl">Il.15.110</span>: sometimes the inf. must be supplied, <b class="b3">ἐκτελέσας μέγα ἔργον ὃ οὔ ποτε ἔλπετο θυμῷ</b> (sc. [[ἐκτελέειν]]) <span class="bibl">Od.3.275</span>: c. acc. rei, <span class="bibl">Il.13.609</span>, <span class="bibl">15.539</span>; ἅσσα οὐκ ἔλπονται <span class="bibl">Heraclit.27</span>: later, c. gen. rei, πολυγλαγέος ἐνιαυτοῦ <span class="bibl">Arat.1100</span>: [[ὡς]]... dub. l. in <span class="bibl">Orph.<span class="title">A.</span>846</span>: abs., <span class="bibl">Heraclit.18</span>: Homeric phrases, ἔλπετο θυμῷ <span class="bibl">Il.17.404</span>, al.; also μάλα δέ σφισιν ἔλπετο θυμός <span class="bibl">17.495</span>; ἔλπετο θυμὸς ἐνὶ στήθεσσιν ἑκάστου <span class="bibl">15.701</span>; ἤλπετ' ἐνὶ φρεσί <span class="bibl">Od.9.419</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> [[expect anxiously]], [[fear]], <b class="b3">ἐλπόμενός τί οἱ κακὸν εἶναι</b> [[having a foreboding that]]... <span class="bibl">Hdt.9.113</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> generally, [[deem]], [[suppose]], οὔ ποθι ἔλπομαι οὕτως δεύεσθαι πολέμοιο . . Ἀχαιούς <span class="bibl">Il.13.309</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Theoc. 7.31</span>; ἐπὴν ἡμέας ἔλπῃ ποτὶ δώματ' ἀφῖχθαι <span class="bibl">Od.6.297</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">23.345</span>; <b class="b3">ἔλπετο γὰρ κατὰ θυμὸν . . ἑταίρους . . ἰέναι</b> (pres. inf.) <span class="bibl">Il.10.355</span>; οὐ γὰρ ὅ γ' ἀθανάτων τιν' ἐέλπετο . . Τρώεσσιν ἀρηξέμεν <span class="bibl">Il.13.8</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">7.199</span>, <span class="bibl">15.110</span>, Orac. ap. <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.65</span>, <span class="title">AP</span>5.115 (Marc. Arg.); λάσην Alc. [[l.c.]] (<b class="b3">ϝελπ-, ἐϝέλπομαι, ϝέϝολπα</b>, cf. Lat. [[volup]].) </span> | |Definition=([[ἐέλπω]] only Hsch. <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[sub verbo|s.v.]] [[ἐέλποιμεν]]), causal, only found in pres. (exc. <b class="b3">ἔλπεον· ἤλπιζον</b>, Id.), [[cause to hope]], <b class="b3">πάντας μὲν ἔλπει</b> she [[feeds]] all [[with hope]], <span class="bibl">Od.2.91</span>, <span class="bibl">13.380</span>; perhaps also, [[cause to expect]], <span class="bibl">Max.178</span> (but may, = [[expect]]). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> elsewhere in Med., ἔλπομαι, Ep. ἐέλπομαι, ἠλπόμην <span class="bibl">Od.9.419</span>, Alc.<span class="title">Supp.</span>22.8, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>4.243</span>, etc.: Ep. 3sg. impf. [[ἔλπετο]] and <b class="b3">ἐέλπ-</b>, <span class="bibl">Od.3.275</span>, <span class="bibl">Il.12.407</span> ([[ἔλπετο]] also in <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Syr.D.</span>22</span>): pf. ἔολπα <span class="bibl">Il.22.216</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.5.379</span>, <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>[273]</span>, <span class="bibl">A.R.2.147</span>, etc.: 3sg. plpf. ἐώλπει <span class="bibl">Il.19.328</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.20.328</span>, <span class="bibl">A.R.3.370</span>, <span class="bibl">Theoc.25.115</span>:—[[hope]] or [[expect]], Ep., Lyr., Ion. (not in Hp.) for Att. [[ἐλπίζω]] ([[quod vide|q.v.]]):— Constr., like [[ἐλπίζω]]: c. acc. and fut. inf., <span class="bibl">Il.13.8</span>, B.<span class="title">Fr.</span>12: c. aor. inf., <span class="bibl">Il.7.199</span>, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>4.243</span> codd., <span class="bibl"><span class="title">N.</span>4.92</span>: c. pf. inf., <span class="bibl">Il.15.110</span>: sometimes the inf. must be supplied, <b class="b3">ἐκτελέσας μέγα ἔργον ὃ οὔ ποτε ἔλπετο θυμῷ</b> (sc. [[ἐκτελέειν]]) <span class="bibl">Od.3.275</span>: c. acc. rei, <span class="bibl">Il.13.609</span>, <span class="bibl">15.539</span>; ἅσσα οὐκ ἔλπονται <span class="bibl">Heraclit.27</span>: later, c. gen. rei, πολυγλαγέος ἐνιαυτοῦ <span class="bibl">Arat.1100</span>: [[ὡς]]... dub. l. in <span class="bibl">Orph.<span class="title">A.</span>846</span>: abs., <span class="bibl">Heraclit.18</span>: Homeric phrases, ἔλπετο θυμῷ <span class="bibl">Il.17.404</span>, al.; also μάλα δέ σφισιν ἔλπετο θυμός <span class="bibl">17.495</span>; ἔλπετο θυμὸς ἐνὶ στήθεσσιν ἑκάστου <span class="bibl">15.701</span>; ἤλπετ' ἐνὶ φρεσί <span class="bibl">Od.9.419</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> [[expect anxiously]], [[fear]], <b class="b3">ἐλπόμενός τί οἱ κακὸν εἶναι</b> [[having a foreboding that]]... <span class="bibl">Hdt.9.113</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> generally, [[deem]], [[suppose]], οὔ ποθι ἔλπομαι οὕτως δεύεσθαι πολέμοιο . . Ἀχαιούς <span class="bibl">Il.13.309</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Theoc. 7.31</span>; ἐπὴν ἡμέας ἔλπῃ ποτὶ δώματ' ἀφῖχθαι <span class="bibl">Od.6.297</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">23.345</span>; <b class="b3">ἔλπετο γὰρ κατὰ θυμὸν . . ἑταίρους . . ἰέναι</b> (pres. inf.) <span class="bibl">Il.10.355</span>; οὐ γὰρ ὅ γ' ἀθανάτων τιν' ἐέλπετο . . Τρώεσσιν ἀρηξέμεν <span class="bibl">Il.13.8</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">7.199</span>, <span class="bibl">15.110</span>, Orac. ap. <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.65</span>, <span class="title">AP</span>5.115 (Marc. Arg.); λάσην Alc. [[l.c.]] (<b class="b3">ϝελπ-, ἐϝέλπομαι, ϝέϝολπα</b>, cf. Lat. [[volup]].) </span> | ||
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|dgtxt=<b class="num">• Alolema(s):</b> ἐέλπω <i>Il</i>.8.196, 10.105, 13.813, 17.488, Orác. en Eun.<i>VS</i> 465<br /><b class="num">• Morfología:</b> [med. pres. 2<sup>a</sup> sg. ἔλπεαι <i>Il</i>.9.40, Pi.<i>Fr</i>.61, Opp.<i>H</i>.2.305, imperat. 2<sup>a</sup> sg. ἔλπεο <i>Il</i>.20.201, Thgn.47, Q.S.7.86, Gr.Naz.M.37.504A; impf. act. 1<sup>a</sup> sg. ó 3<sup>a</sup> plu. ἔλπεον Hsch., med. 2<sup>a</sup> sg. ἔλπεο Q.S.9.250, 3<sup>a</sup> sg. ἔλπετο <i>Il</i>.13.8, <i>Od</i>.3.275, Pi.<i>P</i>.4.243, Luc.<i>Syr.D</i>.22, ἐέλπετο <i>Il</i>.12.407, Hes.<i>Fr</i>.200.8, Orph.<i>A</i>.534; perf. 1<sup>a</sup> sg. ἔολπα <i>Il</i>.22.216, <i>Od</i>.5.379, Hes.<i>Op</i>.273, <i>h.Cer</i>.213, A.R.2.147, Q.S.6.421; plusperf. 3<sup>a</sup>sg. ἐώλπει <i>Il</i>.19.328, <i>Od</i>.20.328, A.R.3.370, Theoc.25.115, <i>AP</i> 8.85 (Gr.Naz.)]<br /><b class="num">I</b> v. med. y tema de perf. act.<br /><b class="num">1</b> ref. a hechos futuros [[esperar]], [[tener la esperanza de o en]] ref. a hechos considerados reales o posibles:<br /><b class="num">a)</b> c. ac. abstr. [[esperar para sí]], [[tener la esperanza de obtener]] ἔτι δ' ἔλπετο νίκην todavía tenía esperanzas de vencer</i>, <i>Il</i>.15.539, cf. 13.609, πάντα νοήματα ... ὅσα πού νυν ἐέλπεται <i>Il</i>.10.105, ἐκτελέσας μέγα ἔργον, ὃ οὔ ποτε ἔλπετο θυμῷ <i>Od</i>.3.275, ἀνθρώπους μένει ἀποθανόντας ἅσσα οὐκ ἔλπονται Heraclit.B 27, cf. <i>Od</i>.21.317, Archil.28.12, ἔλπεσθαι χρὴ πάντα hex. en Iambl.<i>VP</i> 139, ἔλπεο δ' αἰὲν ἀρείονα Q.S.7.86, cf. Gr.Naz.l.c.<br /><b class="num">•</b>tb. c. gen. ἐλπόμενος ... πολυγλαγέος ἐνιαυτοῦ Arat.1100;<br /><b class="num">b)</b> c. inf. u or. de inf. en fut. [[esperar (que)]], [[confiar en (que)]], [[tener esperanzas de (que)]] ἔολπας ἐνὶ φρεσί, φαίδιμ' Ἀχιλλεῦ, ἤματι τῷδε πόλιν πέρσειν Τρώων ἀγερώχων <i>Il</i>.21.583, cf. 17.488, <i>Batr</i>.(1) 291, Orph.<i>A</i>.846, Nonn.<i>D</i>.36.353, τοι θυμὸς ἐέλπεται ἐξαλαπάξειν νῆας <i>Il</i>.13.813, cf. 15.701, μὴ δὴ ἐπέεσσί με ... ἔλπεο δειδίξεσθαι <i>Il</i>.20.201, ἤλπ[ε] το λάσην tenía la esperanza de pasar inadvertido</i> Alc.69.8, νῦν δὴ νῷ ἔολπα ... οἴσεσθαι μέγα κῦδος Ἀχαιοῖσι <i>Il</i>.22.216, μοι θυμὸς ἐνὶ στήθεσσιν ἐώλπει οἶον ἐμὲ φθίσεσθαι ἀπ' Ἄργεος mi ánimo albergaba en mi pecho la esperanza de que tan sólo yo moriría lejos de Argos</i>, <i>Il</i>.19.328, cf. 13.8, <i>Od</i>.20.328, <i>AP</i> 9.346 (Leon.Alex.)<br /><b class="num">•</b>expr. probabilidad [[esperar]], [[considerar probable que]] οὐδ' ὥς σε ἔολπα ὀνόσσεσθαι κακότητος ni aun así espero que menosprecies tu desgracia</i>, <i>Od</i>.5.379, δῆλ' ἀγνοήσειν μὲν οὔ σ' ἔλπομαι no espero que tú desconozcas lo evidente</i> B.<i>Fr</i>.16;<br /><b class="num">c)</b> c. inf. u or. de inf. en pres. τὰ δ' αὐτὸς ἀντιτύχῃ, ἔλπεταί τις [[ἕκαστος]] ἐξοχώτατα φάσθαι aquello que tiene ante sí, cada uno espera cantarlo del mejor modo</i> Pi.<i>N</i>.4.92, cf. Opp.l.c., τὰ γ' οὔπω ἔολπα τελεῖν [[Δία]] espero que Zeus no permita tales cosas</i> Hes.<i>Op</i>.273, ἔλπεο μὴ δηρὸν κείνην πόλιν ἀτρεμέεσθαι Thgn.l.c., ἔλπομαι ... ὑγιέα εἶναι τὸν Δημόκριτον Hp.<i>Ep</i>.16, raro en v. act. σαυτὸν ἔελπε συνήορα καὶ μακάρεσσιν [[ἔμμεναι]] ἀθανάτοισιν Orác. en Eun.l.c.;<br /><b class="num">d)</b> c. inf. aor. οἱ θυμὸς ἐέλπετο κῦδος ἀρέσθαι <i>Il</i>.12.407, esp. de esperanzas consideradas dudosas o irrealizables ἔλπετο δ' οὐκέτι οἱ κεῖνόν γε πράξασθαι πόνον Pi.<i>P</i>.4.243, οὐ γὰρ οἱ ἐέλπετο κῦμα περῆσαι Orph.<i>A</i>.534, ἰδοῦσα ... τὰ οὔποτε ἔλπετο Luc.l.c., οὐδὲ ... Ὑλαῖον ... ἔολπα ... ἐν Ἄϊδι μωμήσασθαι τοξότιν no creo que Hileo en el Hades haga reproches a la arquera</i> Call.<i>Dian</i>.221, τάχ' ἔολπας ὑπεκφυγέειν κακὸν ἦμαρ, ἀλλ' οὐ μάν quizá esperas escapar del día funesto, pero no</i> Q.S.6.421, tb. de esperanzas no cumplidas ἔλπετο γὰρ Κυθέρειαν ... υἷα τεκεῖν σκάζοντα esperaba (sc. Hefesto) que Citerea daría a luz un hijo cojo</i> Nonn.<i>D</i>.5.140;<br /><b class="num">e)</b> c. complet. c ὡς: οὔποτ' ἐώλπειν, ὥς ῥα κατακρύψει (<i>sc</i>. ὁ τύμβος) τοὺς πυμάτους προτέρους nunca había imaginado que (esta tumba) ocultaría en primer lugar a los últimos</i>, <i>AP</i> 8.85 (Gr.Naz.).<br /><b class="num">2</b> ref. a hechos simultáneos o pasados [[esperar]] en el sent. de [[pensar]], [[suponer]], [[imaginarse que]]<br /><b class="num">a)</b> ref. al pres., c. inf. u or. de inf. de pres. οὔ ποθι ἔλπομαι οὕτω δεύεσθαι πολέμοιο ... Ἀχαιούς no creo que en ningún otro lado los aqueos sean tan inferiores en la batalla</i>, <i>Il</i>.13.309, οὕτω ... μ' ἤλπετ' ἐνὶ φρεσὶ νήπιον εἶναι <i>Od</i>.9.419, οὔ σε κακῶν ἄπ' ἔολπα τοκήων [[ἔμμεναι]] <i>h.Cer</i>.l.c., οὐδέν κω ἀκηκοὼς τούτων, ἐλπόμενος δέ τί οἱ κακὸν εἶναι sin haber oído nada de esto, pero pensando que algún mal lo amenazaba</i> Hdt.9.113, cf. <i>Il</i>.9.40, 10.355, Hes.<i>Fr</i>.200.8, <i>h.Merc</i>.224, Pi.<i>Fr</i>.61, Theoc.25.115, Q.S.3.78<br /><b class="num">•</b>μᾶλλον (σε) θεὸν ἔλπομαι (<i>sc</i>. εἶναι) más bien te considero un dios</i> Orác. en Hdt.1.65, σὺ δ' ἔλπεαι πολλὸν [[ἄριστον]] εἶναι; ¿pensabas que tú eras mucho mejor?</i>, Q.S.9.250, cf. Theoc.7.31, <i>AP</i> 5.115 (Phld.)<br /><b class="num">•</b>abs. en frase parentética καὶ αὐτὸς ὅ, ἔλπομ', ἐνὶ πρώτοισιν ὁμιλεῖ también él, supongo, combate entre los primeros</i>, <i>Il</i>.18.194, cf. Hdt.2.43, A.R.3.387<br /><b class="num">•</b>raro c. inf. de aor. ἔλπετο καλλιπέτηλον ἰδεῖν φυτόν creía ver una planta de bellas hojas</i> en sueños, Nonn.<i>D</i>.7.144;<br /><b class="num">b)</b> ref. al pasado, gener. c. inf. u or. de inf. en aor. o perf. οὐδ' ἐμὲ νήϊδα γ' οὕτως ἔλπομαι ἐν Σαλαμῖνι γενέσθαι τε τραφέμεν τε pues no creo haber nacido y crecido en Salamina tan inexperto</i>, <i>Il</i>.7.199, cf. <i>Od</i>.23.345, A.R.3.370, Mosch.4.55, ἐπὴν ἡμέας ἔλπῃ ποτὶ δώματ' ἀφῖχθαι cuando pienses que hemos llegado al palacio</i>, <i>Od</i>.6.297, ἤδη γὰρ νῦν ἔλπομ' Ἄρηΐ γε πῆμα τετύχθαι supongo que ahora ya está cometida la falta contra Ares</i>, <i>Il</i>.15.110, τό μιν οὔ ποτε ἔλπετο θυμῷ τεθνάμεν no imaginaba en absoluto que aquél hubiera muerto</i>, <i>Il</i>.17.404<br /><b class="num">•</b>c. neg. y or. de inf. en aor. c. ἄν, expr. irreal de pasado ἐγὼ κείνου παρεόντος ἔολπα οὐδ' ἂν πυγμαχίῃ κρινθήμεναι pues yo creo que si hubiera estado aquí ni siquiera se habría decidido mediante pugilato</i> A.R.2.147;<br /><b class="num">c)</b> ref. a un fut. hipotético, con or. de inf. en aor. c. ἄν: ἐγὼ μὲν γὰρ ἔλπομαί γε καὶ μυρίων ἐντὸς χωσθῆναι ἄν pues yo creo que incluso en diez mil (años) podría quedar cegado</i> el Mar Rojo en caso de desviar su curso el Nilo, Hdt.2.11.<br /><b class="num">3</b> c. ac. de pers. [[esperar]], [[aguardar]] μελάθροις ... πόσιν πολυφ[ίλ] τατον ἔλπεο Παῦλον Dioscorus 35.10.<br /><b class="num">II</b> v. act. fact.<br /><b class="num">1</b> c. ac. de pers. [[dar esperanzas]] πάντας μὲν ἔλπει Penélope a los pretendientes <i>Od</i>.2.91, 13.380.<br /><b class="num">2</b> c. ac. de abstr., prob. [[hacer esperar]] ἂν ἀκεσφορίην ἀνεμώλιον ἔλποι Max.178.<br /><b class="num">• Etimología:</b> De *<i>H1u̯el</i>- ‘[[querer]]’ c. alarg. -<i>p</i>-, cf. lat. <i>[[uelle]]</i> sin alarg. y gr. [[ἔλδομαι]] c. alarg. -<i>d</i>-. | |||
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|auten=(ϝέλπω), [[usually]] [[mid]]. ἔλπομαι, ἐέλπεται, ipf. ἔλπετο, perf. [[ἔολπα]] (ϝέϝολπα), plup. [[ἐώλπει]]: [[act]]., [[make]] to [[hope]], [[give]] hopes, Od. 2.91, Od. 13.380; [[mid]]., [[hope]], [[expect]], [[also]] ‘[[think]],’ Il. 9.40, Il. 13.309, Il. 19.328, Od. 9.419, Od. 21.314; [[even]] in [[bad]] [[sense]], implying [[fear]] or [[apprehension]], Il. 15.110; w. acc. νίκην, Il. 13.609, Il. 15.539; [[τοῦτο]], Od. 21.317; foll. by inf., fut. in the [[meaning]] [[hope]], in [[other]] meanings by tenses referring to the [[past]], Il. 7.199, etc., freq. θῦμῷ, κατὰ θῦμόν, ἐνὶ φρεσί, [[also]] θῦμὸς ἔλπεται, Il. 15.701. | |auten=(ϝέλπω), [[usually]] [[mid]]. ἔλπομαι, ἐέλπεται, ipf. ἔλπετο, perf. [[ἔολπα]] (ϝέϝολπα), plup. [[ἐώλπει]]: [[act]]., [[make]] to [[hope]], [[give]] hopes, Od. 2.91, Od. 13.380; [[mid]]., [[hope]], [[expect]], [[also]] ‘[[think]],’ Il. 9.40, Il. 13.309, Il. 19.328, Od. 9.419, Od. 21.314; [[even]] in [[bad]] [[sense]], implying [[fear]] or [[apprehension]], Il. 15.110; w. acc. νίκην, Il. 13.609, Il. 15.539; [[τοῦτο]], Od. 21.317; foll. by inf., fut. in the [[meaning]] [[hope]], in [[other]] meanings by tenses referring to the [[past]], Il. 7.199, etc., freq. θῦμῷ, κατὰ θῦμόν, ἐνὶ φρεσί, [[also]] θῦμὸς ἔλπεται, Il. 15.701. | ||
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