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|Definition=[ῡ], ἡ, < | |Definition=[ῡ], ἡ,<br><span class="bld">A</span> [[forest]], [[woodland]], Il.11.155, Od.17.316, ''Ep.Jac.''3.5, etc.; γῆν . . δασέαν ὕλῃ παντοίῃ [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]4.21; ἀπ' ὕλης ἀγρίης ζώειν Id.1.203; [[ὕλα ἀεργός]] = [[virgin]] [[forest]], Berl.Sitzb.1927.167 (Cyrene); [[τὰ δένδρα καὶ ὕλη]] = [[fruit trees]] and [[forest trees]], Th.4.69 (cf. [[δένδρον]]); not only of [[forest tree]]s, but also of [[copse]], [[brushwood]], [[undergrowth]] (cf. [[ὕλημα]]), directly opp. to [[timber trees]], X.''An.''1.5.1, ''Oec.''16.13, 17.12, ''PSI''6.577.8 (iii B. C.), Sor.1.40: also in plural, ''h.Cer.''386, Hecat.291 J., Mosch.3.88, Plb. 5.7.10, [[Diodorus Siculus|D.S.]]3.48, D.H.''Th.''6, Str.5.1.12, 15.1.60, Plu.''Pyrrh.''25, ''Cat. Ma.''21, ''Comp.Cim.Luc.''3, Luc.''Prom.''12, ''Sacr.''10, ''Am.''12, Babr.12.2, al., [[Nonnus Epicus|Nonn.]] ''[[Dionysiaca|D.]]'' 3.69,252, 16.91, 36.70, etc.<br><span class="bld">II</span> [[wood cut down]], Od.5.257 (cf. III); [[firewood]], [[fuel]], Il.7.418, 23.50,''III'', al., Od.9.234, [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]4.164,6.80; [[brushwood]], Id.7.36, Th.2.75, etc.; [[timber]], ὕλη ναυπηγησίμη [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Leges|Lg.]]''705c; [[ναυπηγήσιμος]] καὶ οἰκοδομική ὕλη Thphr.''HP''5.7.1, cf. ''IG''42(1).102.50 (Epid., iv B. C.); also, [[twig]]s for birds' [[nes]]ts, [[Aristotle|Arist.]]''[[Historia Animalium|HA]]''559a2.<br><span class="bld">III</span> the [[stuff]] of which a thing is made, [[material]], (perhaps so of wood), Od.5.257; rarely of other [[material]], as metal, οἱ παρ' ἄκμονι . . ὕλην ἄψυχον δημιουργοῦντες Plu.2.802b (cf. [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Fragments|Fr.]]''844, but [[ὕλη]] is Plutarch's word): generally, [[materials]], PMasp.151.91 (vi A. D.).<br><span class="bld">2</span> in Philosophy, [[matter]], first in Arist. (Ti.Locr.93b, al. is later); defined as τὸ ὑποκείμενον γενέσεως καὶ φθορᾶς [[δεκτικός|δεκτικόν]], ''GC''320a2; as τὸ ἐξ οὗ γίγνεται, ''Metaph.''1032a17; [[οὐσία]] ἥ τε ὕλη καὶ τὸ εἶδος καὶ τὸ ἐκ τούτων ib.1035a2; opp. as [[δυνάμει τόδε τι]] to [[τόδε τι ἐνεργεία]], ib. 1042a27; opp. [[ἐντελέχεια]], ib.1038b6: in later philosoph. writers, mostly opp. to the intelligent and formative principle ([[νοῦς]]), Procl. ''Inst.''72, etc.; ὕλη τῶν ἀριθμῶν Iamb.''Comm.Math.''4.<br><span class="bld">3</span> [[matter]] for a [[poem]] or [[treatise]], [[ὕλη τραγική]], [[ποιητικαὶ ὗλαι]], Plb.2.16.14, Longin. 13.4, cf. 43.1, Vett.Val.172.1, etc.; [[ἡ ὑποκειμένη ὕλη]] = the [[subject-matter]], [[Aristotle|Arist.]]''[[Nicomachean Ethics|EN]]''1094b12, cf. Phld.''Rh.''2.124 S.<br><span class="bld">4</span> [[ὕλη ἰατρική]] = [[materia medica]], Dsc.tit.; so [[ὕλη]] alone, [[materia medica]], Id.1 ''Prooem.'', Gal. 17(2).181; [[ὗλαι τῆς τέχνης]] ibid., cf. 6.77, Sor.1.83,110, 2.15,28; ἡ ὕλη τῶν ὁπλομαχικῶν ἐνεργειῶν Gal.6.157.<br><span class="bld">b</span> [[ἡ μέση ὕλη]] = the [[middle]] [[range of diet]], Sor.1.46, 2.15; τροφιμωτέρα ὕλη Id.1.95, cf. 36.<br><span class="bld">5</span> pl., [[material resources]], βασιλικαὶ ὗλαι Ph.1.640.<br><span class="bld">IV</span> [[sediment]], Ar.''Fr.''879, cf. Sch.Ar.''Pl.''1086, 1088 (hence [[ὑλίζω]] ([[ἀφυλίζω]], [[διυλίζω]]), [[ὑλώδης]] ''ΙΙ''); [[mud]], [[slime]], ''UPZ''70.9 (ii B. C.); [[ὕλῃ]], [[ὕλει]], and [[ἰλυῖ]] are cj. for [[ὕδει]] in Thgn.961.<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[matter]] excreted from the human body, Sor.1.22,23,25, al.; ἡ ὕλη τῶν ἐμπυημάτων Gal.18(2).256; [[phlegm]], [[catarrh]], PMed. in ''Arch.Pap.''4.270 (iii A. D.). | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{bailly | {{bailly | ||
|btext=ης (ἡ) :<br /><b>I.</b> bois sur | |btext=ης (ἡ) :<br /><b>I.</b> [[bois sur pied]] :<br /><b>1</b> [[bois]], [[forêt]];<br /><b>2</b> [[taillis]], [[broussailles]];<br /><b>3</b> [[arbre]] <i>en gén.</i><br /><b>II.</b> [[bois coupé]] <i>ou</i> tombé, <i>particul.</i> bois à brûler ; matériaux de construction en gén. (bois, pierre, <i>etc.</i>) ; bois pour les parties vides d'un navire, ballast ; <i>fig.</i> matière dont une chose est faite ; matière <i>au sens philos.</i> ; matière d'un poème, d'un ouvrage.<br />'''Étymologie:''' p. *ὕλϝη de *σύλϝη, cf. <i>lat.</i> [[silva]]. | ||
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{{pape | |||
|ptext=ἡ,<br><b class="num">1</b> <i>[[Gehölz]], Wald</i>, Hom., Hes. und Folgde; πολλὰν ὕλαν [[πῦρ]] ἀΐστωσεν, Pind. <i>P</i>. 3.37; δαίων φλόγα ὕλης ὀρείας, Aesch. <i>Ag</i>. 483. Bei Xen. <i>An</i>. 1.5.1 <i>[[Gesträuch]] und Staudengewächse</i>, im <span class="ggns">Gegensatz</span> zu den Bäumen, wie auch Her. 3.112 zu [[verstehen]].<br><b class="num">2</b> <i>das gefällte Holz, Bau- und [[Brennholz]]; Il</i>. 23.50, 111, 139, <i>Od</i>. 9.234, 10.104 und [[sonst]]; Her. 4.164, 6.80, 7.36; ναυπηγησίμη, <i>Schiffsbauholz</i>, Plat. <i>Legg</i>. IV.705c.<br><b class="num">3</b> Übh. <i>[[Stoff]], [[Materie]], [[woraus]] [[Etwas]] [[bereitet]] wird, der rohe, unverarbeitete [[Stoff]]</i>, [[gleichviel]] ob Holz, wie <i>Od</i>. 5.257, oder [[Stein]], [[Metall]] und dgl.; Soph. frg. 743 παρ' ἄκμονι τυπάδι βαρείᾳὕλην ἄψυχον δημιουργοῦντες; vgl. Tim.Locr. 97e; [[ὕλη]] ἰατρική, <i>materia medica</i>, Galen.; τραγική, Pol. 2.16.14; – ἐν ὕλῃ, <i>der [[Materie]] nach</i>, bes. Sp. – Im chemischen [[Sinne]], <i>die [[Unterlage]] od. [[Basis]], [[welche]] die eigentliche [[Masse]] gibt</i>. – Es scheint wie [[υἱός]] von ὕω, Fύω = [[φύω]] abzuleiten, <i>der Ort, wo das Holz wächst</i>; [[davon]] <i>sylva</i>. | |||
}} | }} | ||
{{elru | {{elru | ||
|elrutext='''ὕλη:''' дор. ὕλᾱ (ῡ) ἡ<br /><b class="num">1 | |elrutext='''ὕλη:''' дор. ὕλᾱ (ῡ) ἡ<br /><b class="num">1</b> [[лес]] Hom., Her., Thuc.;<br /><b class="num">2</b> [[кустарник]] ([[ὕλη]] ἢ [[κάλαμος]] … [[δένδρον]] δ᾽ [[οὐδέν]] Xen.);<br /><b class="num">3</b> [[дрова]] Hom., Her., Xen.;<br /><b class="num">4</b> [[строевой лес]], [[лесные материалы]] Thuc., Plat.;<br /><b class="num">5</b> [[сырой материал]] Hom., Her.: ὕλη [[ἄψυχος]] Soph. [[безжизненный]], т. е. [[необработанный материал]];<br /><b class="num">6</b> филос. [[вещество]], [[материя]] (ἡ ὕλη καὶ τὸ [[εἶδος]] Arst.);<br /><b class="num">7</b> [[тема]], (исследуемый или описываемый) [[предмет]]: κατὰ τὴν ὑποκειμένην ὕλην Arst. в соответствии с заданной темой; [[πᾶσα]] ἡ τραγικὴ ὕλη Polyb. всевозможные трагические темы;<br /><b class="num">8</b> [[осадок]], [[гуща]], [[муть]], Arph. | ||
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{{ls | {{ls | ||
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{{mdlsj | {{mdlsj | ||
|mdlsjtxt=ὕ¯λη, ἡ,<br /><b class="num">I.</b> Lat. [[sylva]], a [[wood]], [[forest]], [[woodland]], Hom., Hdt., etc.; τὰ δένδρα καὶ ὕλη [[fruit]]-trees and [[forest]]-trees, Thuc.: [[copse]], [[brushwood]], opp. to [[timber]]-trees, Xen.<br /><b class="num">II.</b> [[wood]] cut | |mdlsjtxt=ὕ¯λη, ἡ,<br /><b class="num">I.</b> Lat. [[sylva]], a [[wood]], [[forest]], [[woodland]], Hom., Hdt., etc.; τὰ δένδρα καὶ ὕλη [[fruit]]-trees and [[forest]]-trees, Thuc.: [[copse]], [[brushwood]], opp. to [[timber]]-trees, Xen.<br /><b class="num">II.</b> [[wood]] cut down, firewood, [[fuel]], Hom., etc.<br /><b class="num">III.</b> like Lat. [[materia]], [[stuff]] of [[which]] a [[thing]] is made, the raw [[material]], [[wood]], [[timber]], Od., Hdt.<br /><b class="num">2.</b> in Philosophy, [[matter]], Arist.<br /><b class="num">3.</b> [[subject]] [[matter]], Arist. | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{FriskDe | {{FriskDe | ||
|ftr='''ὕλη''': {húlē}<br />'''Grammar''': f.<br />'''Meaning''': ‘Wald, Gehölz, Holz, Bau-, Brennholz, Gesträuch’ (seit Il.), [[Stoff]], [[Material]], [[Materie]] (Arist., Plb., Mediz. usw.); auch = τὸ καθίζον | |ftr='''ὕλη''': {húlē}<br />'''Grammar''': f.<br />'''Meaning''': ‘Wald, Gehölz, Holz, Bau-, Brennholz, Gesträuch’ (seit Il.), [[Stoff]], [[Material]], [[Materie]] (Arist., Plb., Mediz. usw.); auch = τὸ καθίζον τοῦ οἴνου ἢ τοῦ ὕδατος (Phot.), [[Bodensatz]], [[Schlamm]], [[Schleim]], [[körperliches Sekret]] (Ar. ''Fr''. 879, ''UPZ'' 70, 9 [II<sup>a</sup>; vgl. Wilcken z. St.], hell. u. sp. Mediz.); vgl. [[ὗλις]].<br />'''Composita''' : Kompp., z.B. [[ὑλοτόμος]] [[holzfällend]], m. [[Holzfäller]] (Il. usw.), [[ὑλατόμος]] ib. (Theok.), [[ὑληκοίτης]] m. [[sein Lager im Walde habend]] (Hes.), [[ὑληωρός]] m. [[Waldaufseher]] (A. R., ''A''.''P''), [[ὑλωρός]] ib. (Arist.) mit -ωρέω (thess.V<sup>a</sup>); dazu ὑληώρεας εὐνάς Akk. pl. (Nik. ''Th''. 55), [[ὑληρεύς]]· νομεὺς ἐν ὕλῃ φυλάττων H.; zum ganz unsicheren [[ὑλιβάτης]] Fraenkel Nom. ag. 2, 75 m. A.1; [[ὑλομήτρα]]· [[εἶδος]] σκώληκος H.; zur Erklärung Strömberg Wortstud. 23 f. (abzulehnen Gil Fernandez Nombres de insectos 191). Als Hinterglied u.a. in [[ἔνυλος]] [[mit Materie versehen]], [[materiell]] (Arist., sp.).<br />'''Derivative''': Ableitungen. 1. Adj.: [[ὑλήεις]], dor. -άεις [[reich an Wald]], [[waldig]] (ep. poet. seit Il.), -ώδης ib. (Th., S., X. u.a.), [[schlammig]] (Dsk., Plu. u.a.), -ιμος [[zum Wald gehörig]] (E.; Arbenz 82), -ικός [[körperlich]], [[materiell]] (Arist. u.a.; Chantraine Études 131), -αῖος [[waldig]], [[holzig]], [[im Walde befindlich]], [[materiell]] (hell. u. sp.), Ὑλαίη f. N. einer waldigen Gegend am Borysthenes (Hdt.), -ῳ̃ος [[zur Materie gehörig]] (Orph. ''Fr''. 353; nach πατρῳ̃ος u.a.); -ειῶτα Vok. Beiw. des [[Πάν]] (''AP'' 6, 106; nach Πὰν ὀρειώτας ''AP'' 9,824). 2. EN [[Ὑλεύς]] N. eines Jagdhundes (X.). 3. Erweiterung [[ὕλημα]] n., meist pl. [[Strauchwerk]] mit -ηματικός (Thphr.; Chantraine Form. 178). 4. Verba: a. [[ὑλάζομαι]], Aor. -άσασθαι [[Holz holen]] (att. Inschr., Poll., H.) mit -ασία f. [[das Holzholen]] (att. Inschr.), -άστρια f. [[Holzholerin]] (Phot.). b. [[ὑλίζω]], -ίσαι, Ptz.Pf. -ισμένος, auch m. Präfix, bes. δι-, ‘von Materie usw. reinigen, abklären, durchseihen’ (Kratin. 354, Pl. ''Ti''. 69 a, Archyt., LXX, Dsk., Pap. usw.) mit -ιστήρ (δι-) m. [[Seihetuch]], [[Durchschlag]] (Mediz., Pap.), -ιστήριον (δι-) n. (Pap., Sch., H.), [[διύλισμα]] n. [[abgeklärte Flüssigkeit]] (Gal.), -ισις f. [[Abklärung]], [[Durchseihung]] (Suid.), -ισμός m. [[Abklärung]], [[Reinigung]] (Clem. Al.), [[ἀφύλισμα]] γάλακτος als Erkl. von ὀρὸς γάλακτος H., -ισμὸς χωμάτων, παρ- ~ τενάγους [[das Ausheben des Schlammes]], [[Reinigung]] (Pap.; Westermann Aegyptus 6, 121 ff.).<br />'''Etymology''' : Ohne Etymologie. Über die frühere Zusammenstellung mit lat. ''silva'' und sogar mit [[ξύλον]] s. Zachariae KZ 34, 453 ff. (ablehnend); weitere Lit. bei W.-Hofmann s. ''silva'' und WP. 2, 504 (u.a. Ehrlich Bet148). onung Von der Bed. [[Brennholz]] aus- gehend erwägt Wackernagel Unt. 185 A.1 Anknüpfung an awno. ''usli'' m. [[glühende Asche]] (zu [[εὕω]], lat. ''ūrere'' usw.). — Gewöhnlich (s. Bq) wird [[ὕλη]] im Sinn von [[Bodensatz]], [[Schlamm]] von [[ὕλη]] [[Wald]] getrennt und als besonderes Wort zu lit. ''sulà'' [[fließender Baumsaft]] usw. (s. [[ὕω]]) gezogen. Es handelt sich aber offenbar um eine späte Bed.entwicklung von [[Materie]] zu [[feste Materie]], [[Bodensatz]], [[Ausfällung]] im Gegensatz zum. klaren Wein und zum reinen Wasser, wie schon aus der Erklärung bei Phot. als ’τὸ καθίζον τοῦ οἴνου ἢ τοῦ ὕδατος’ ersichtlich ist. — Daß [[ὕλη]] [[Wald]] aus [[ὕλη]] [[Schlamm]] hervorgegangen wäre (Grošselj Živa Ant. 4, 304), ist schon aus chronologischen Gründen ausgeschlossen.<br />'''Page''' 2,962-963 | ||
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{{Chinese | {{Chinese | ||
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{{WoodhouseReversedUncategorized | {{WoodhouseReversedUncategorized | ||
|woodrun=[[brushwood]], [[forest]], [[matter]], [[timber]], [[wood]], [[brush-wood]] | |woodrun=[[brushwood]], [[forest]], [[matter]], [[timber]], [[wood]], [[brush-wood]] | ||
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{{mantoulidis | |||
|mantxt=(=[[δάσος]], ξύλα, λάσπη). Πιθανόν ὁ [[ἀρχικός]] [[τύπος]] ἦταν ὕλ-ϝ-α (λατιν. [[silva]]). Παράγωγα ἀπό ἴδια ρίζα: [[ὑλαῖος]] (=[[ἄγριος]], πού ζεῖ στά δάση), [[ὑλήεις]] (=[[δασώδης]]), [[ὕλημα]], [[ὑλικός]], [[ὑλοτόμος]], [[ὑλώδης]], Ἀπό τήν [[ὕλη]] (με [[σημασία]]: λάσπη, καθίζημα) ἀκόμη τά: [[ὑλίζω]] (=[[στραγγίζω]]), [[ὑλισμός]] (=[[στράγγισμα]]), [[ὑλιστήρ]] (=[[στραγγιστήρι]]), [[ὑλιστός]] (=[[στραγγιστός]]). | |||
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{{lxth | |||
|lthtxt=''[[lignum]]'', [[wood]], [[timber]], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:2.75.2/ 2.75.2], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:2.77.3/ 2.77.3], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:Thuc.%202.77.4/ 2.77.4], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:Thuc.%202.77.4/ 2.77.4][https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:4.69.2/ 4.69.2],<br>''[[sylva]]'', [[forest]], [[woods]], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:2.98.1/ 2.98.1], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:3.98.2/ 3.98.2], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:4.29.3/ 4.29.3]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:4.30.1/ 4.30.1]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:Thuc.%204.30.2/ 4.30.2], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:4.34.2/ 4.34.2]. | |||
}} | |||
{{trml | |||
|trtx====[[foliage]]=== | |||
Armenian: սաղարթ; Belarusian: лі́сце, лісцё, лістота; Bulgarian: шума, листак; Catalan: fullatge; Chinese Mandarin: 葉子/叶子; Czech: listí; Danish: løv; Dutch: [[gebladerte]]; Esperanto: foliaro; Faroese: leyv; Finnish: lehdet, lehvistö; French: [[feuillage]]; Friulian: frind; Galician: rama, ramaxe, follaxe; German: [[Blätter]], [[Laub]], [[Laubwerk]], [[Blätterwerk]], [[Beblätterung]]; Greek: [[φύλλωμα]], [[φυλλωσιά]]; Ancient Greek: [[βλάστημα]], [[θαλλία]], [[κόμη]], [[τὰ φύλλα]], [[φύλλα]], [[ὕλη]], [[φόβη]], [[φυλλάς]], [[φυλλίς]], [[φύλλωμα]], [[χαίτα]], [[χαίτη]], [[χλόα]], [[χλόη]], [[χλοίη]]; Hebrew: עַלְוָה; Hindi: पर्णसमूह; Hungarian: lomb; Ido: foliaro; Irish: duilliúr, clúmh; Italian: [[fogliame]]; Japanese: 木の葉; Korean: 나뭇잎; Latin: [[frons]]; Macedonian: лисја, лисје; Malay: dedaun; Maori: raurau; Norwegian Bokmål: bladverk, løvverk; Polish: listowie, liście; Portuguese: [[folhagem]]; Romanian: frunze, frunziș, frunzărime; Russian: [[листва]], [[листья]]; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: ли̑шће; Roman: lȋšće; Slovak: lístie; Slovene: listje; Sorbian Lower Sorbian: list; Spanish: [[follaje]]; Swedish: lövverk, bladverk; Tagalog: kadahunan; Ukrainian: листя; Venetian: stram; Volapük: bledem; Welsh: deiliant | |||
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