ἥρως: Difference between revisions

|Definition=ὁ (also ἡ in signf. ''III''), gen. [[ἥρωος]] ([[ἥρως]] codd. in Od.6.303, fort. leg. [[ἥρωος]]), ''IG''22.1641.6 (iv B.C.), etc.; also<br><span class="bld">A</span> ἥρω D.19.249, ''IG''2.1191 (iii B.C.), Paus.10.4.10: dat. [[ἥρωϊ]], mostly in form ἥρῳ Il.7.453, Od.8.483, Pl.Com.174.18, Orac. ap. D.43.66: acc. ἥρωα [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Leges|Lg.]]''738d, ''IG''3.810 (ἥρωα ''Epigr.Gr.''774 (Priene)); usually in form ἥρω ''IG''2.1058.25 (iv B.C.), Pl.''R.''391d, A.R.2.766, etc., also [[ἥρων]] [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.167:—Plur., nom. [[ἥρωες]] (ω Pi.''P.''4.58), rarely contr. [[ἥρως]], as in Ar.''Fr.''304: dat. ἥρωσιν A.''Fr.''55, [[Aristophanes|Ar.]]''[[The Birds|Av.]]''1485; ἡρώνεσσι Sophr.154: acc. [[ἥρωας]] (ω Pi.''P.''1.53), rarely [[ἥρως]], as in A.''Ag.''516, Luc.''Dem.Enc.''4:—[[hero]], [[ἥρωες Δαναοί]], [[ἀχαιοί]], Il.2.110,19.34; στίχας ἀνδρῶν ἡρώων Od.1.101; [[ἡρώων ἀγοράς]], of the Phaeacians, 7.44; ἥρῳ Δημοδόκῳ 8.483; οἱ ἡγεμόνες τῶν ἀρχαίων μόνοι ἦσαν ἥρωες, οἱ δὲ λαοὶ ἄνθρωποι Arist.''Pr.'' 932b18, but cf. Il. cc.<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[the Fourth Age of men]], between [[δαίμονες]] and [[ἄνθρωποι]], Hes.''Op.''172, cf. [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Cratylus|Cra.]]''398c.<br><span class="bld">3</span> [[heroes]], [[as objects of worship]], ἥ. ἀντίθεοι Pi.''P.''1.53,4.58; [[ἥρως θεός]], of Heracles, Id.''N.''3.22; but [Ἡρακλέϊ] τῷ μὲν ὡς Ὀλυμπίῳ θύουσι, τῷ δὲ ἑτέρῳ ὡς ἥρωι ἐναγίζουσι [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]2.44; [[Σίσυφος ἥρως]] Thgn.711; twice in A., ''Ag.''516, ''Fr.''55; once in E., ''Fr.''446(lyr.); οὔτε θεοὺς οὔθ' ἥρωας αἰσχυνθεῖσα Antipho 1.27; especially of [[local deities]], founders of cities, patrons of tribes, etc., [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.168, Th.4.87, [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Leges|Lg.]]''l.c., Arist.''Pol.''1332b18, etc.; at Athens, [[ἥρωες ἐπώνυμοι]] [[heroes]] after whom the [[φυλαί]] were named, Paus.1.5.1,2, cf. [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]5.66; of historical persons to whom divine honours were paid, as Brasidas at Amphipolis, Th.5.11, cf. [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]5.114,7.117: hence,= Lat. [[divus]], [[ἥρωα ἀπεδείξατε]] [τὸν Αὔγουστον] D.C.56.41; also, = [[Lares]], D.H.4.14; [[ὁ κατ' οἰκίαν ἥρως]] = [[lar familiaris]], ib.2.<br><span class="bld">II</span> later,= [[μακαρίτης]], [[deceased]], Alciphr.3.37, Hld.7.13: pl., ''PMag.Par.''1.1390: freq. in Inscrr., ἥρως χρηστέ, χαῖρε ''IG''9(2).806, cf. 14.223, etc.; even of women, ib.9(2).961 (Larissa), al.; [[θεοῖς ἥρωσι]] = [[dis Manibus]], ib.14.1795 (Rome), etc.; ὑβρίσαντας τοὺς ἥρωας τῶν τέκνων ἡμῶν ''SIG''1243.23 (Acraeph.).<br><span class="bld">III</span> [[ἥρως ποικίλος]] = [[στιγματίας]], [[Hesychius Lexicographus|Hsch.]], Phot.<br><span class="bld">IV</span> [[βοῦς ἥρως]] = [[ἡγεμών]], ''IG''22.1126.32.<br><span class="bld">V</span> v. [[Ἥρων]].

|btext=ωος <i>ou</i> –ω (ὁ) :<br /><i>dat.</i> -ωϊ <i>ou</i> -ῳ, <i>acc.</i> -ωα <i>ou</i> -ω, <i>ou</i> -ων ; <i>plur.</i> -ωες ou-ως, <i>acc.</i> -ωας <i>ou</i> -ως;<br /><b>1</b> [[maître]], [[chef]], [[noble]];<br /><b>2</b> demi-dieu;<br /><b>3</b> tout homme élevé au rang de demi-dieu.<br />'''Étymologie:''' apparenté au <i>lat.</i> vir ; cf. grec latinisé « heros ».

|elrutext='''ἥρως:''' gen. ἥρωος (gen. иногда с ω коротким, редко [[ἥρω]]) ὁ (dat. ἥρωι - поэт. [[ἥρῳ]], acc. [[ἥρω]] - эп. ἥρωα, ион. ἥρων, acc. pl. [[ἥρως]] и ἥρωας)<br /><b class="num">1</b> [[вождь]], [[военачальник]], [[предводитель]] (ἥρωες [[Ἀχαιοί]] Hom.);<br /><b class="num">2</b> [[воин]], [[боец]] ([[στίχες]] [[ἀνδρῶν]] ἡρώων Hom.);<br /><b class="num">3</b> [[славный муж]] (Μούλιος ἥ., [[κῆρυξ]] [[Δουλιχιεύς]] Hom.): ἥ. [[Δημόδοκος]] Hom. знаменитый (песнопевец) Демодок;<br /><b class="num">4</b> [[герой]], [[богатырь]], [[человек сказочной силы и доблести]] (ἀντίθεοι ἥρωες Pind.; δαίμονες τε καὶ ἄνθρωποι Plat.; θεοὶ καὶ ἥρωες Thuc., Arst.; ἐκ ἡρώων εἰς δαίμονας ἀναφέρεσθαι Plut.): ἥρωες ἐπώνυμοι Her. герои-эпонимы (т. е. те, именем которых были названы филы).

|mdlsjtxt=<b class="num">1.</b> a [[hero]], in Hom. used of the Greeks [[before]] [[Troy]], then of warriors [[generally]]; and then of all [[free]] men of the [[heroic]] age, as the [[minstrel]] [[Demodocus]], the [[herald]] Mulius, [[even]] the [[unwarlike]] [[Phaeacians]].<br /><b class="num">2.</b> in Hes. the [[blessed]] heroes are the [[fourth]] age of men, who [[fell]] [[before]] [[Thebes]] and [[Troy]], and then passed to the Islands of the Blest.<br /><b class="num">3.</b> heroes, as objects of [[worship]], demigods or men [[born]] from a god and a [[mortal]], as [[Hercules]], [[Aeneas]], [[Memnon]], Hdt., Pind.; then of [[such]] as had done [[great]] services to [[mankind]], as [[Daedalus]], [[Triptolemus]], [[Theseus]], Anth.<br /><b class="num">4.</b> [[later]], the heroes are [[inferior]] [[local]] deities, patrons of tribes, cities, guilds, founders of cities, etc.; as at [[Athens]], the ἥρωες ἐπώνυμοι were the heroes [[after]] whom the φυλαί were named, Hdt.

|mantxt=Ἴσως σχετίζεται μέ τό Ἥρα (=θεά [[πολιοῦχος]]) καί μέ τό λατιν. [[servo]] (=[[φυλάγω]]).<br><b>Παράγωγα:</b> [[ἡρωικός]], [[ἡρωίνη]] (=[[ἡρωίδα]]) = [[ἡρωίς]], [[ἡρῷον]].