femina: Difference between revisions

{{Lewis

|lshtext=<b>fēmĭna</b>: ae, f. from fe-, fev-, = Gr. φύ-ω, to [[produce]]; [[whence]]: [[fetus]], [[fecundus]], [[faenus]], [[felix]]; cf. Sanscr. bhuas, bhavas, to [[become]]; Lat. fi-o, fu-turus,<br /><b>I</b> a [[female]].<br /><b>I</b> Lit.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>A</b> Of [[human]] beings, a [[female]], [[woman]] (cf.: [[uxor]], [[mulier]], [[matrona]]; conjux, [[marita]]): ut a prima congressione maris et feminae ... ordiar, Cic. Rep. 1, 24: et mares deos et feminas esse dicitis, id. N. D. 1, 34, 95: [[ambiguus]] fuerit [[modo]] vir, [[modo]] [[femina]] Sithon, Ov. M. 4, 280; cf. Lucr. 4, 819: in claris viris et feminis, Cic. Tusc. 1, 12, 27: pulchritudine eximiā [[femina]], id. Div. 1, 25, 52: feminae notitiam habere, Caes. B. G. 6, 21 fin.: naturam feminarum omnem castitatem pati, Cic. Leg. 2, 12, 29; cf. id. Rep. 3, 10 fin.: bona, id. Phil. 3, 6, 16; cf.: praestantissima omnium feminarum, id. Fam. 5, 8, 2: sanctissima [[atque]] optima, id. Phil. 3, 6, 16: probatissima, id. Caecin. 4, 10: primaria, id. Fam. 5, 11, 2: decreta [[super]] jugandis feminis, Hor. C. S. 19: varium et mutabile [[semper]] [[femina]], Verg. A. 4, 570: [[tunc]] [[femina]] [[simplex]], the [[female]] [[character]] [[undisguised]], Juv. 6, 327.—Adj.: [[inter]] quas [[Danai]] [[femina]] [[turba]] senis, Prop. 2, 31 (3, 29), 4.—Applied as a [[term]] of [[reproach]] to [[effeminate]] men, Ov. M. 12, 470; Sil. 2, 361; Suet. Caes. 22; Just. 1, 3; Curt. 3, 10 fin. al.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> Of beasts, a [[female]], she: (bestiarum) aliae mares, aliae feminae sunt, Cic. N. D. 2, 51, 128: [[lupus]] [[femina]] feta [[repente]], Enn. ap. Serv. Verg. A. 2, 355, and ap. Non. 378, 18 (Ann. v. 70 and 73 ed. Vahl.); cf.: habendas [[triduum]] ferias et porco [[femina]] [[piaculum]] pati ([[shortly]] [[before]], [[porca]]), Cic. Leg. 2, 22, 57: sus, Col. 7, 9, 3: [[anas]], Plin. 29, 5, 33, § 104: [[anguis]], Cic. Div. 1, 18, 36; 2, 29, 62: [[piscis]], Ov. A. A. 2, 482; Plin. 9, 50, 74, § 157; Ov. M. 2, 701.—<br /><b>II</b> Transf., in the lang. of nat. hist., of plants and minerals: mas in palmite floret, [[femina]] [[citra]] florem germinat [[tantum]] spicae [[modo]], Plin. 13, 4, 7, § 31; ib. § 34; so of [[other]] plants, id. 16, 33, 60, § 139; 16, 34, 62, § 145: 21, 10, 32, § 58 et saep.: in omni genere (carbunculorum) masculi appellantur acriores, et feminae languidius refulgentes, Plin. 37, 7, 25, § 92; of the [[loadstone]], id. 36, 16, 25, § 128.—In mechanics, [[cardo]] [[femina]], [[different]] from [[cardo]] [[masculus]] (v. [[cardo]], 2), Vitr. 9, 9 med.—<br /><b>III</b> In gram., the [[feminine]] [[gender]], Quint. 1, 6, 12; 1, 4, 24.

{{Georges

|georg=fēmina, ae, f. (eig. die »Säugende«, zu [[Wurzel]] *dhē(i) –, [[säugen]]), dah. jedes [[Geschöpf]] weiblichen Geschlechts (Ggstz. [[mas]]), I) eig.: a) v. Menschen, das [[Weib]], die [[Frau]] (in bezug [[auf]] das [[Geschlecht]], [[während]] [[mulier]] die [[Frau]], [[insofern]] [[sie]] das ständige [[Alter]] erreicht hat, [[mannbar]] ist, [[gleichviel]] ob verheiratet od. [[nicht]]), Cic. u.a.: [[femina]] [[Ligus]], eine Ligurerin, Tac.: [[femina]] [[turba]], weiblicher, Prob. – [[als]] Schimpfwort [[gegen]] [[einen]] weibischen Menschen, [[wie]] [[Weib]], Curt. u.a. (s. Mützell Curt. 6, 11 [41], 3. Drak. Sil. 2, 361). – b) v. Tieren, das [[Weibchen]], Cic. u.a.: attrib., [[agnus]] f., Lex vet. [[bei]] Gell.: [[anguis]] f., Cic.: [[canis]] f., eine [[Hündin]], Plaut. u. [[Varro]]: [[lupus]] f., Enn. fr.: [[porcus]] f., Cic. – c) v. [[Pflanzen]] u. Edelsteinen, Plin. – II) übtr.: a) [[als]] gramm. t. t., das weibliche [[Geschlecht]] (Ggstz. [[mas]], [[masculinus]]), Quint. 1, 4, 24; 9, 3. § 6 u. 63. – b) [[als]] t. t. der Baukunst, [[tornus]] [[femina]], eine kreisförmige Falzpfanne (Ggstz. [[tornus]] [[masculus]], [[ein]] kreisförmiger Falz), Vitr. 9, 8, 11. – / Dat. Plur. fēminābus, Corp. inscr. Lat. 8, 9108.

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