supplicium: Difference between revisions

{{Lewis

|lshtext=<b>supplĭcĭum</b>: (subpl-), ii, n. [[supplex]]; [[prop]]. a kneeling [[down]], [[either]] as a [[suppliant]] or to [[receive]] [[punishment]].<br /><b>I</b> As a [[suppliant]].<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>A</b> In relig. lang., [[humiliation]], a [[public]] [[prayer]] or [[supplication]], an [[act]] of [[worship]] ([[mostly]] [[ante]]-Aug. and in [[prose]] [[after]] the Aug. [[period]]; not in Cic. or Cæs.; syn.: [[supplicatio]], [[obsecratio]]): [[nunc]] pergam, ut suppliciis placans caelitum aras expleam, Att. ap. Non. 398, 19; cf.: deos suppliciis, sumptu, votis, donis, Precibus plorans, obsecrans, Afran. ib. 398, 22: suppliciis votisque fatigare deos, Liv. 27, 50, 5: non votis [[neque]] suppliciis muliebribus auxilia deorum parantur, Sall. C. 52, 29.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Esp., a sacrificing, [[offering]]: [[nihil]] ei (Jovi) [[acceptum]] est a perjuris supplicii, [[offering]], [[sacrifice]], Plaut. Rud. prol. 25: in suppliciis deorum magnifici, Sall. C. 9, 2; id. J. 55, 1: precibus suppliciisque deos placare, Liv. 22, 57, 5; cf.: quos (boves) ad deorum [[servant]] supplicia, Varr. R. R. 2, 5, 10: tum supplicia dis ludique magni ab senatu decernuntur, Tac. A. 3, 64 Nipperd. ad loc.: vannos onustas aromatis et hujuscemodi suppliciis congerunt, App. M. 11, p. 265, 3; id. Dogm. Plat. 2, p. 16, 5: supplicia veteres quaedam sacrificia a supplicando vocabant, Fest. pp. 308 and 309 Müll. —<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> Transf., [[out]] of the relig. [[sphere]], an [[humble]] [[entreaty]] or [[petition]], a [[supplication]] in gen. ([[very]] [[rare]]): Vagenses fatigati regis suppliciis, Sall. J. 66, 2: [[igitur]] legatos ad consulem cum suppliciis mittit, qui [[tantummodo]] ipsi liberisque vitam peterent, id. ib. 46, 2.—<br /><b>II</b> To [[receive]] [[punishment]]; [[hence]], [[punishment]], [[penalty]], [[torture]], [[torment]], [[pain]], [[distress]], [[suffering]] ([[class]]. and freq.; usu. of the [[penalty]] of [[death]]; syn. [[poena]]).<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(a)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Sing.: dabitur pol [[supplicium]] mihi de [[tergo]] vestro, Plaut. As. 2, 4, 75 sq.; cf.: [[illi]] de me [[supplicium]] dabo, Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 86; id. Eun. 1, 1, 24; Cat. 116, 8; Nep. Paus. 5, 5: de homine nobili virgis [[supplicium]] crudelissime sumere, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 37, § 91; 2, 5, 45, § 117: sumere (de [[aliquo]]), Plaut. Pers. 5, 2, 72; id. Merc. 5, 4, 31; Ter. And. 3, 5, 17; Cic. Inv. 2, 28, 84; id. Rep. 3, 33, 45; Caes. B. G. 1, 39; Liv. 2, 5, 5; 3, 18, 10: aliquem hostibus ad [[supplicium]] dedere, Caes. B. G. 7, 26: aliquem tradi ad [[supplicium]] jubere, Tac. A. 11, 35: rapi, Cic. de Or. 2, 59, 138: supplicio affici, to be [[put]] to [[death]], Caes. B. G. 1, 27: ne ad [[ultimum]] [[supplicium]] progredi [[necesse]] habeant, to [[take]] [[their]] [[own]] lives, id. B. C. 1, 84: aliquem vinculis ac verberibus [[atque]] omni supplicio excruciatum necare, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 5, 11: summo cruciatu supplicioque perire, id. N. D. 3, 33, 81: gravissimum ei rei [[supplicium]] cum cruciatu [[constitutum]] est, Caes. B. G. 6, 17: [[talis]] improborum [[consensio]] supplicio omni vindicanda (est), Cic. Lael. 12, 43: [[satis]] supplicii tulisse, Caes. B. C. 1, 84: supplicio [[culpa]] reciditur, Hor. C. 3, 24, 34: suā manu [[supplicium]] persolvere, Tac. A. 6, 32 (26): luere, Just. 2, 5, 6; Tac. A. 15, 60: [[supplicium]] redimere opimā mercede, Amm. 26, 3, 4.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(b)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Plur.: ad exquisita supplicia proficisci, Cic. Off. 3, 27, 100: [[semper]] iis (improbis) [[ante]] oculos judicia et supplicia versentur, id. Rep. 3, 16, 26: ad innocentum supplicia descendunt, Caes. B. G. 6, 17: supplicia annua pendere, Plin. 29, 4, 14, § 57: subire, Cic. Ep. ad Brut. 1, 12, 1: suppliciis delicta coërcere, Hor. S. 1, 3, 79: subplicia in [[post]] futuros conposuit, Sall. H. 1, 41, 6 Dietsch: domant impios saeva supplicia, Sen. Herc. Fur. 749: supplicia haurire, Verg. A. 4, 383.

{{Georges

|georg=supplicium, iī, n. ([[supplex]]), das »Niederknien«, sowohl zum Gebete [[als]] zum Empfange der [[Bestrafung]]; dah. I) das flehentliche [[Bitten]], Flehen, 1) die [[Demütigung]] [[vor]] [[Gott]], das demütige, flehentliche [[Bitten]], Beten, Flehen, das öffentliche [[Gebet]], deorum supplicia, [[Varro]]: precibus suppliciisque deos placare, Liv.: supplicia [[dis]] decernuntur, Sall. – 2) das flehentliche, dringende [[Bitten]], Flehen zu Menschen, fatigati suppliciis [[regis]], Sall. Iug. 66, 2: legatos ad consulem cum suppliciis mittit, ibid. 46, 2. – II) die [[Bestrafung]], [[Strafe]], [[bes]]. die [[Todesstrafe]], [[Hinrichtung]], [[Marter]], 1) eig.: ad [[supplicium]] dare od. tradere alqm, Nep. u. Liv.: ad [[supplicium]] producere alqm, Cic.: [[supplicium]] expetere, Liv.: [[supplicium]] petere ex alqo, Liv.: sumere [[supplicium]] de alqo, Caes., Cic. u.a., ex alqo, Liv., ab alqo, Val. Max.: [[supplicium]] sumere virgis, Cic.: [[supplicium]] expromere in alqm, Cic.: [[cur]] [[tot]] supplicia sint in improbos [[more]] maiorum constituta? Cic.: [[supplicium]] adhibere, Cic.: omni supplicio cruciare, Cic.: ad [[ultimum]] [[supplicium]] ([[Selbstmord]]) progredi, Caes.: [[supplicium]] dare alci, [[Komik]] u. Nep.: [[supplicium]] subire, Cic.: supplicia crucibus luere, Iustin.: crucis supplicio interimi (v. [[Christus]]), Arnob.: supplicio se subtrahere, Liv. – dah. übh. [[Marter]], [[Qual]], [[Pein]], malorum, Verg.: [[paululum]] supplicii [[satis]] est patri, Ter.: [[satis]] supplicii tulisse ([[durch]] [[Mangel]] u. [[Durst]]), Caes.: [[supplicium]] de se dare filio, [[Genugtuung]] [[geben]], Ter.: so [[auch]] dabitur [[supplicium]] ([[Genugtuung]]) [[mihi]] de [[tergo]] vestro, Plaut. – 2) meton., die [[durch]] [[Marter]] bewirkte [[Verstümmelung]], Wunden, supplicia nostra, Vitr.: [[dira]] tegens supplicia, Verg.: quos [[Persae]] [[vario]] suppliciorum genere affecerant, Curt.: omnes pari supplicio affecti [[sibi]] videbantur, Curt. – / Genet. Sing. zusgz. supplici = supplicii, Acc. tr. 659. Plaut. merc. 991. Ter. Andr. 903 u.a. – Dat. od. Abl. Plur. zusgz. [[supplicis]] = suppliciis, Sen. [[Medea]] 743 u. 1015 [[Leo]].

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