ἡδύς: Difference between revisions

|btext=[[ἡδεῖα]], ἡδύ ; <i>gén.</i> ἡδέος, ἡδείας, ἡδέος;<br />agréable, doux :<br /><b>I.</b> <i>en parl. de choses</i> :<br /><b>1</b> doux au goût;<br /><b>2</b> doux à l'odorat, parfumé, embaumé;<br /><b>3</b> doux à l'oreille (parole, chant, <i>etc.</i>);<br /><b>4</b> doux <i>en gén.</i> (sommeil, <i>etc.</i>) : ἡδύ ἐστι <i>ou</i> γίγνεται ([[τόδε]]) IL (cela) est agréable, charmant ; ἡδύ ἐστι <i>ou</i> γίγνεται avec un inf. OD il est agréable de ; <i>adv. au neutre</i> : • ἡδὺ γελᾶν IL rire doucement ; <i>subst.</i> τὸ ἡδύ PLAT l'agrément ; τὰ [[ἡδέα]] THC les plaisirs;<br /><b>II.</b> <i>en parl. de pers.</i> :<br /><b>1</b> agréable, charmant ; ὦ ἥδιστε PLAT mon très doux ami ; <i>avec une nuance d’ironie</i> facile, simple ; plaisant : ἡδὺς γὰρ [[εἶ]], ἔφη PLAT car tu es plaisant, dit-il;<br /><b>2</b> qui éprouve du plaisir : [[ἡδύς]] εἰμι ἀκούσας DÉM je suis charmé d’avoir entendu;<br /><i>Cp.</i> [[ἡδίων]], <i>rar.</i> ἡδύτερος, <i>Sp.</i> [[ἥδιστος]], <i>rar.</i> ἡδύτατος.<br />'''Étymologie:''' R. ΣϜαδ &gt; Ἁδ, être agréable ; [[ἡδύς]] p. *σϜαδύς = <i>lat.</i> suavis, p. *svadvis.

|etymtx=Grammatical information: adj.<br />Meaning: [[sweet]], [[tasteful]], [[pleasant]], [[pleasing]] (Il.);<br />Other forms: Dor. [[ἁδύς]], El. etc. [[Ϝαδύς]]<br />Compounds: very often as 1. member, e. g. <b class="b3">ἡδυ-επής</b> [[with sweet words]], [[sounding pleasant]] (Il.); as 2. member <b class="b3">-ηδής</b>, s. [[ἥδομαι]]. On [[ἡδίων]] (rare a. late [[ἡδύτερος]]), [[ἥδιστος]] s. Seiler Steigerungsformen 57f.<br />Derivatives: [[ἥδυμος]] [[sweet]], [[comforting]], dactylic variant of [[ἡδύς]], of [[ὕπνος]] (Il.; in Hom. always wrongly [[νήδυμος]], s. Bechtel Lex. s. v., Leumann Hom. Wörter 44f.), also <b class="b3">Α῝δυμος</b> as PN; cf. [[ἔτυμος]] and Schwyzer 494, Chantraine Formation 151f.; [[ἡδύλος]] <b class="b2">id.</b>, hypocoristic enlargement (A. D., EM) with [[ἡδυλίζω]] [[flatter]], [[tempt]] (Men.), <b class="b3">ἡδυλίσαι συνουσιάσαι</b>, <b class="b3">ἡδυλισμός συνουσία</b> H.; also as PN with `[[Ηδυλίνη]] (Attica IVa), `[[Ηδύλειος]] (Delos IIIa); further `[[Ηδυτώ]] (Attica Va; after [[Ἐρατώ]] a. o.), `[[Ηδάριον]] (Rhodes; after the dimin. in <b class="b3">-άριον</b>). Backformation [[ἦδος]] [[vinegar]] (Ath.), cf. [[γᾶδος]] (= <b class="b3">Ϝ-</b>) [[γάλα]], <b class="b3">ἄλλοι ὄξος</b> H., on the meaning Schwyzer Festschrift Kretschmer 244ff.; also Pisani KZ 68, 176f. (where unclear Arm. k<b class="b2">ac̣ax</b> [[vinegar]] is discussed). Denomin. verb [[ἡδύνω]] [[sweeten]], [[make tasteful]], [[spice]] (IA.) with [[ἥδυσμα]], <b class="b3">-μάτιον</b> [[spice]] (Ion.-Att.), [[ἡδυσμός]], <b class="b3">ἡδυν-τός</b>, <b class="b3">-τικός</b>, <b class="b3">-τήρ</b> <b class="b2">spiced etc.</b> (also from salt).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [1039] <b class="b2">*sueh₂d-</b> [[sweet]]<br />Etymology: Old word for [[sweet]], identical with Skt. <b class="b2">svādú-</b>, Gaul. [[Suadu-rīx]], [[-genus]], IE <b class="b2">*sueh₂dú-s</b>; also Lat. [[suāvis]], Germ., e. g. OHG [[suozi]], OE. [[swēte]] [[sweet]]. The full grade perhaps from the comparative [[ἡδίων]], Skt. <b class="b2">svā́dīyas-</b> (also [[ἥδιστος]] = <b class="b2">svā́diṣṭha-</b>). The zero grade in Lith. <b class="b2">súdyti</b> [[spice]], [[salt]], Skt. <b class="b2">sūdáyati</b>, perf. pl. <b class="b2">su-ṣūd-imá</b> [[make tasteful]]. - Forms in W.-Hofmann s. [[suāvis]]. S. also [[ἥδομαι]], [[ἁνδάνω]].