ἵστημι: Difference between revisions

|etymtx=Grammatical information: v.<br />Meaning: [[set]], [[position oneself]], [[make stand]] (Il.)<br />Other forms: Dor. [[ἵσταμι]], med. [[ἵσταμαι]], aor. [[στῆσαι]], [[στήσασθαι]], fut. [[στήσω]], aor. pass. [[σταθῆναι]] (Od.), fut. [[σταθήσομαι]] (Att.); intr. aor. [[στῆναι]] with fut. [[στήσομαι]], perf. [[ἕστηκα]].<br />Compounds: Very often with prefix, <b class="b3">ἀνα-</b>, <b class="b3">κατα-</b>, <b class="b3">ἀπο-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐξ-</b>, <b class="b3">μετα-</b> etc.<br />Derivatives: Several, partly inherited derivations are given s.v., s. [[ἱστός]], [[σταθμός]], [[σταμῖνες]], [[στάσις]], [[στατήρ]], [[στήλη]], [[στήμων]], [[στοά]] etc.; s. also [[στάμνος]], [[σταυρός]].<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [1004] <b class="b2">*steh₂-</b> -stand, set<br />Etymology: With the intr. athematic root aorist <b class="b3">ἔ-στη-ν</b> agrees exactly Skt. [[á-sthā-m]], IE <b class="b2">*h₁é-steh₂-m</b>. Beside it stands without agreement outside Greek already in Hom. a transitive <b class="b3">σ-</b>aorist <b class="b3">ἔ-στη-σ-α</b> like <b class="b3">ἔ-φυ-σ-α</b> beside <b class="b3">ἔ-φυ-ν</b> a. o.; the intrans. future <b class="b3">στή-σομαι</b>, was originally built to <b class="b3">ἔ-στη-ν</b>, but was associated with the <b class="b3">σ-</b>aorist. Also the trans. reduplicated athematic present <b class="b3">ἵ-στη-μι</b> is limited to Greek; cf. <b class="b3">τί-θη-μι</b>, <b class="b3">ἵ-η-μι</b>, <b class="b3">βί-βη-μι</b>; both Indo-Iranian and Italo-Celtic have thematic formations, e. g. Skt. [[tí-ṣṭh-ati]] [[stands]] (<b class="b2">*-sth₂-e-ti</b>), Lat. [[si-st-it]] . The intr. perf. <b class="b3">ἕ-στη-κ-α</b>, pl. <b class="b3">ἕ-στα-μεν</b> is excep for the <b class="b3">κ-</b>enlargment old and represents together wiht Skt. [[ta-stháu]], pl. [[ta-sthi-má]], Lat. [[ste-ti-mus]] an IE perfect. Old is also the verbal adjective <b class="b3">στα-τός</b> (Il.) = Skt. [[sthi-tá-]] [[standing]], Lat. [[sta-tus]], OWNo. [[sta-ðr]] stc, IE <b class="b2">*sth₂tos</b>. Details in Schwyzer 686f., 742, 755f., 762, 775f., 782. - Other IE forms are irrelevant for Greek (e. g. Lat. [[stō]] < <b class="b2">*stā-i̯ō</b> = Lith. [[stō-ju]], OCS [[sta-jǫ]], Germ., e. g. OS OHG [[stān]], [[stēn]] [[stehen]] after [[gān]], [[gēn]] [[gehen]]), see Bq, Pok. 1004ff., W.-Hofmann s. [[stō]] etc. S. also [[ἱστάνω]].