κύριος: Difference between revisions

|etymtx=Grammatical information: m.<br />Meaning: [[lord]], [[ruler]], [[possessor]], adj. (m. f. n.) [[ruling]], [[deciding]], [[entitled to]], [[decided]] (posthom.), f. [[κυρία]] <b class="b2">(lady) who rules</b> (hell.).<br />Derivatives: [[κυρία]] (from <b class="b3">κυρι-ία</b>; cf. [[κυρεία]] from [[κυριεύω]] below) f. [[rule]], [[possession]] (Arist., hell.), [[κυριότης]] f. [[lordship]], [[rule]] (christ. lit.); [[κυριακός]] <b class="b2">belonging to the lord (= Christ), to the emperor</b> (Empire); [[κυριεύω]] [[be]], [[become lord]], [[possess]], [[get power]] (X., Arist.) with [[κυριεία]], [[κυρεία]] (Schwyzer 194) [[possession]], [[proprietary rights]] (hell.), [[κυριευτικός]], Adv. <b class="b3">-κῶς</b> <b class="b2">regarding the prop. rights</b> (pap.). - [[κυρωθῆναι]], act. [[κυρῶσαι]], [[κυρόω]] [[become]], [[make rightful]] (IA.) with [[κύρωσις]] [[ratification]] (Th., Pl.), [[κυρωτής]] [[who ratifies]] (Att. inscr.); backformation [[κῦρος]] n. [[authority]], [[confirmation]] (IA.) - [[ἄκυρος]] [[without authority]], [[unvalid]] (Att.) with [[ἀκυρόω]] [[make unvalid]] (Din., hell.), from where [[ἀκύρωσις]], <b class="b3">-ωτος</b> with <b class="b3">-ωσία</b> (late).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [592] <b class="b2">*ḱeuh₂-</b> [[swell]], [[strong]]<br />Etymology: Like e.g. <b class="b3">ἄν-υδρ-ος</b> [[without water]] is based on [[ὕδωρ]], <b class="b3">ἄ-κυρ-ος</b> [[without authority]] supposes an [[r-]]stem, which is also seen in <b class="b3">κύρ-ιος</b>. Beside <b class="b3">κύρ-ιος</b> there may have been an <b class="b3">ο-</b>deriv. <b class="b3">*κῦρ-ος</b>, which would agree with Skt. <b class="b2">śū́ra-</b>, Av. [[sūra-]] [[hero]]; cf. the Skt. words for [[sun]], <b class="b2">sū́r-ya-</b> and <b class="b2">sū́r-a-</b> from [[súvar-]] n. (old [[l-]]stem, s. on [[ἥλιος]]). Cf. Schwyzer 727 n. 2; slightly different Wackernagel Syntax 2, 61 n. 1. From <b class="b3">*κῦρος</b> m. perhaps also [[κυρωθῆναι]], [[κυρόω]]; but <b class="b3">κυρ-ωθῆναι</b> can be derived directly from the [[r-]]stem (<b class="b3">ἀνδρ-ωθῆναι</b>: [[ἀνήρ]]). A trace of this [[r-]]stem shows <b class="b3">ἔγ-κυαρ</b> [[pregnant]] (Milet, VIa), from <b class="b3">*κύαρ</b> [[foetus]] (Kretschmer Glotta 8, 250). Other derivations: Skt. [[śávīra-]] [[strong]], [[powerful]] (<b class="b2">*ḱeuh₂-ro-</b>), Celt., e.g. Gaul. [[Καυαρος]], Welsh [[cawr]] [[giant]]; (uncertain <b class="b3">Κυάρη ἡ Ἀθηνᾶ</b> H.) - Further s. on [[κυέω]].