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|Transliteration C=archo
|Transliteration C=archo
|Beta Code=a)/rxw
|Beta Code=a)/rxw
|Definition=Ep. inf. <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> ἀρχέμεναι <span class="bibl">Il.20.154</span>: impf. [[ἦρχον]] ib.<span class="bibl">2.378</span>, etc.; Dor. ἆρχον <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>10(11).51</span>: fut. ἄρξω <span class="bibl">Od.4.667</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>940</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.1.144</span>: aor. [[ἦρξα]], Ep. ἄρξα <span class="bibl">Od.14.230</span>, etc.: pf. ἦρχα <span class="title">CIG</span>3487.14 (Thyatira), Decr. ap. Plu.2.851f:—Med., <span class="bibl">Od.8.90</span>, etc.; non-thematic part. [[ἄρχμενος]] <span class="bibl">Call.<span class="title">Aet.</span>3.1.56</span>, al.: impf., <span class="bibl">Il.9.93</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.5.28</span>: fut. [[ἄρξομαι]] (in med. sense, v. infr.) <span class="bibl">Il.9.97</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">IA</span>442</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>8.8.2</span>; Dor. ἀρξεῦμαι <span class="bibl">Theoc.7.95</span>: aor. ἠρξάμην <span class="bibl">Od.23.310</span>, etc.:—Pass., pf. [[ἦργμαι]] only in med. sense, v. infr. <span class="bibl">1.2</span>: aor. ἤρχθην, ἀρχθῆναι <span class="bibl">Th.6.18</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1277b13</span>, v. infr.<span class="bibl">11.4</span>:—to [[be first]], </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">I</span> in Time, [[begin]], [[make a beginning]], Act. and Med. (in Hom. the Act. is more freq., in Att. Prose the Med., esp. where personal action is emphasized), πολέμου [[ἄρχειν]] to [[be the aggressor]], <span class="bibl">Th.1.53</span>; <b class="b3">πολέμου ἄρχεσθαι</b> to [[begin one's operations]], <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>6.3.6</span>; <b class="b3">ἄρχειν τοῦ λόγου</b> to [[open a conversation]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">An.</span>1.6.6</span>; <b class="b3">ἄρχεσθαι τοῦ λόγου</b> to [[begin one's speech]], ib.<span class="bibl">3.2.7</span>. Constr.: </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">1</span> mostly c. gen., [[make a beginning of]], ἄρχειν πολέμοιο <span class="bibl">Il.4.335</span>; μύθων <span class="bibl">Od.3.68</span>; τῶν ἀδικημάτων πρῶτον τοῦτο ἄρξαι <span class="bibl">Hdt. 1.2</span>; ἦρξεν ἐμβολῆς <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>409</span>; <b class="b3">τοῦ κακοῦ</b> ib.<span class="bibl">353</span>; <b class="b3">ἄρχειν χειρῶν ἀδίκων, ἄρχειν τῆς πληγῆς</b>, [[strike the first blow]], <span class="bibl">Antipho 4.2.1</span> and 2:— in Med. in religious sense, = [[ἀπάρχεσθαι]], [[ἀρχόμενος μελέων]] = [[beginning with the limbs]], <span class="bibl">Od.14.428</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ion</span>651</span>; but Act., σπονδαῖσιν ἄρξαι <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">I.</span>6(5).37</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> c. gen., [[begin from]] or [[begin with]]... ἐν σοὶ μὲν λήξω σέο δ' ἄρξομαι <span class="bibl">Il.9.97</span>; ἄρχεσθαι Διός <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>5.25</span>; <b class="b3">πόθεν ἄρξωμαι</b>; <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ch.</span> 855</span>; πόθεν ποτὲ ἦρκται <span class="bibl">Hp. <span class="title">VM</span>5</span>; <b class="b3">ἄρχεσθαι, ἦρχθαι ἔκ τινος</b>, <span class="bibl">Od.23.199</span>, <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Off.</span>11</span>; <b class="b3">ἀπό τινος</b> freq. in Prose, <b class="b3">ἀρξάμενοι αὐτίκα ἀπὸ παιδίων</b> [[even]] from [[boyhood]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.12</span>; but more commonly <b class="b3">ἐκ παίδων, ἐκ παιδός</b>, etc., <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>408d</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Thg.</span>128d</span>:—[[ἀπό]] in non-temporal relations, <b class="b3">ἀρξάμενος ἀπὸ σοῦ</b>. i.e. [[including]] yourself, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Grg.</span>471c</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">D.18.297</span>; ἀπὸ τῶν πατέρων <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>3.5.15</span>; μέχρι τῶν δώδεκα ἀπὸ μιᾶς ἀρξάμενος <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>771c</span>; <b class="b3">ἀφ' ἱερῶν ἠργμένη ἀρχή</b> ib.<span class="bibl">771a</span>; ἀφ' Ἑστίας ἀρχόμενος <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">V.</span>846</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> c. gen. rei et dat. pers., <b class="b3">ἄρχε θεοῖς δαιτός</b> [[begin]] a [[banquet]] to the gods, <span class="bibl">Il.15.95</span>; τοῖς ἄρα μύθων ἦρχε <span class="bibl">2.433</span>, etc.; τῇσι δὲ . . ἄρχετο μολπῆς <span class="bibl">Od.6.101</span>; ἦρξε τῇ πόλει ἀνομίας τὸ νόσημα <span class="bibl">Th.2.53</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">12</span>; τὴν ἡμέραν ἄρχειν ἐλευθερίας τῇ Ἑλλάδι <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>2.2.23</span>; ἡμὶν οὐ σμικρῶν κακῶν ἦρξεν τὸ δῶρον <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>871</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">4</span> c. acc., <b class="b3">ἄρχειν ὁδόν τινι</b>, [[show]] him the way, <span class="bibl">Od.8.107</span> (but also <b class="b3">ἄρχειν ὁδοῖο</b> [[lead]] the way, <span class="bibl">5.237</span>): abs. (''[[sc.]]'' [[ὁδόν]]), ἄρχε δ' Ἀθήνη <span class="bibl">3.12</span>; σὺ μὲν ἄρχε <span class="bibl">Il.9.69</span>; ἦ ῥα καὶ ἄρχε λέχοσδε κιών <span class="bibl">3.447</span>; ἦρχε δ' ἄρα σφιν Ἄρης <span class="bibl">5.592</span>, cf. infr. <span class="bibl">11.2</span>: with other accusatives, ἄρχειν ὕμνον <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>3.10</span>; ἅπερ ἦρξεν <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>1529</span> (lyr.); λυπηρόν τι <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>552</span>; ὕβριν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Fr.</span>368</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">5</span> of actions, σέο δ' ἕξεται ὅττι κεν ἄρχῃ <span class="bibl">Il.9.102</span>: freq. c. inf., <b class="b3">τοῖσιν δ' ἦρχ' ἀγορεύειν</b> among them, <span class="bibl">Il.1.571</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">ἦρχε νέεσθαι, ἦρχ' ἴμεν</b>, <span class="bibl">2.84</span>, <span class="bibl">13.329</span>; ἄρχετε νῦν νέκυας φορέειν <span class="bibl">Od.22.437</span>, etc.; ὑφαίνειν ἤρχετο μῆτιν <span class="bibl">Il.7.324</span>; ἤρξαντο οἰκοδομεῖν <span class="bibl">Th.1.107</span>; ἡ [[νόσος]] ἤρξατο γενέσθαι <span class="bibl">Id.2.47</span>: c. part., of continued action or condition, ἦρχον χαλεπαίνων <span class="bibl">Il.2.378</span>; ἢν ἄρξῃ ἀδικέων <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.119</span>; ἡ ψυχὴ ἄρχεται ἀπολείπουσα <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>8.7.26</span>; πόθεν ἂν ὀρθῶς ἀρξαίμεθα ἐπαινοῦντες; <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Mx.</span>237a</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Tht.</span>187a</span> (but ἄ. ἐπαινεῖν <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Phdr.</span>241e</span>); ἄρξομαι διδάσκων <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>8.8.2</span> (but ἤρξω [[μανθάνειν]] <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Mem.</span>3.5.22</span>). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">6</span> abs., [[ἄρχε]] = [[take the lead]]! <span class="bibl">Il.9.69</span>: generally, [[begin]], <b class="b3">ἄρχειν [τὴν ἐκεχειρίαν] τήνδε τὴν ἡμέραν</b> Indut. ap. <span class="bibl">Th.4.118</span>, cf. Lex ap.<span class="bibl">D.24.42</span>; <b class="b3">τὸ ἄρχον</b>, opp. <b class="b3">τὸ ἑπόμενον</b>, <span class="bibl">Dam.<span class="title">Pr.</span>234</span>: part. [[ἀρχόμενος]] = [[at first]], <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Eq.</span>9.3</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Cyn.</span>3.8</span>, <span class="bibl">Isoc.2.54</span>; [[at the beginning]], ἀρχομένου δὲ πίθου καὶ λήγοντος <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>368</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Fr.</span>192.4</span>; ἀρχομένοισιν ἢ καταπαυομένοισι <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Eq.</span> 1246</span>; ἄρχεται ὁ πόλεμος ἐνθένδε <span class="bibl">Th.2.1</span>; <b class="b3">ἅμα ἦρι ἀρχομένῳ</b> ibid.; <b class="b3">θέρους εὐθὺς ἀρχομένου</b> ib.<span class="bibl">47</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">7</span> Gramm., of a word, ἄ. ἀπὸ φωνήεντος <span class="bibl">D.T.633.27</span>; [[ἡ ἄρχουσα]] (''[[sc.]]'' [[συλλαβή]]) <span class="bibl">A.D.<span class="title">Synt.</span>130.13</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> in point of [[place]] or Station, [[rule]], [[govern]], [[command]], </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">1</span> mostly c. gen., [[rule]], [[be leader of]]... Βοιωτῶν <span class="bibl">Il.2.494</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Hdt.5.1</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> less freq. c. dat., ἀνδράσιν ἦρξα <span class="bibl">Od.14.230</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">471</span>, <span class="bibl">Il.2.805</span>, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>3.4</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>940</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Andr.</span>666</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">IA</span>337</span>, <span class="title">IG</span>7.2830 (Hyettus), etc.; also <b class="b3">ἐν δ' ἄρα τοῖσιν ἦρχ'</b> held [[command]] among them, <span class="bibl">Il.13.690</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phdr.</span>238a</span>: c. inf. added, <b class="b3">ἄρχε Μυρμιδόνεσσι μάχεσθαι</b> [[lead|led]] them [[on]] to [[fight]], <span class="bibl">Il.16.65</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> abs., [[rule]], ὅσον τό τ' ἄρχειν καὶ τὸ δουλεύειν δίχα <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>927</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Pers.</span>774</span>; esp. [[hold a magistracy]], ὁκοῖόν τε εἴη ἄρχειν μετὰ τὸ βασιλεύειν <span class="bibl">Hdt.6.67</span>; at Athens, etc., to [[be archon]], <span class="bibl">D.21.178</span>; <b class="b3">ἀρχάς, ἀρχὴν ἄρχειν</b>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.80</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.6.54</span>; <b class="b3">ἄρχειν τὴν ἐπώνυμον</b> (with or without [[ἀρχήν]]) <span class="title">IG</span>3.659, 693, <span class="title">SIG</span>872.7. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">4</span> Pass., with fut. ἄρξομαι <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.159</span>, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>8.45</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>589</span>, <span class="bibl">Lys.28.7</span>; but ἀρχθήσομαι <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1259b40</span>, <span class="bibl">D.C.65.10</span>:—to [[be ruled]], [[be governed]], etc., ὑπό τινος <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.127</span>; ἔκ τινος <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>264</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ant.</span>63</span>; ὑπό τινι <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.91</span>, <span class="bibl">103</span>; σφόδρα ὑπό τινος <span class="bibl">Lys.12.92</span>; ἄρχε πρῶτον μαθὼν ἄρχεσθαι Sol. ap.<span class="bibl">D.L.1.60</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Prt.</span>326d</span>; δύνασθαι καὶ ἄρχεσθαι καὶ ἄρχειν <span class="bibl">Arist. <span class="title">Pol.</span>1277b14</span>; [[οἱ ἀρχόμενοι]] = [[subject]]s, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>2</span> <span class="bibl">6.19</span>, etc.</span>
|Definition=Ep. inf.<br><span class="bld">A</span> ἀρχέμεναι Il.20.154: impf. [[ἦρχον]] ib.2.378, etc.; Dor. [[ἆρχον]] Pi.''O.''10(11).51: fut. ἄρξω Od.4.667, [[Aeschylus|A.]]''[[Prometheus Vinctus|Pr.]]''940, Th.1.144: aor. ἦρξα, Ep. [[ἄρξα]] Od.14.230, etc.: pf. ἦρχα ''CIG''3487.14 (Thyatira), Decr. ap. Plu.2.851f:—Med., Od.8.90, etc.; non-thematic part. [[ἄρχμενος]] Call.''Aet.''3.1.56, al.: impf., Il.9.93, [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]5.28: fut. ἄρξομαι (in med. sense, v. infr.) Il.9.97, E.''IA''442, [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Cyropaedia|Cyr.]]''8.8.2; Dor. [[ἀρξεῦμαι]] Theoc.7.95: aor. ἠρξάμην Od.23.310, etc.:—Pass., pf. [[ἦργμαι]] only in med. sense, v. infr. 1.2: aor. ἤρχθην, ἀρχθῆναι Th.6.18, [[Aristotle|Arist.]]''[[Politica|Pol.]]''1277b13, v. infr.11.4:—to [[be first]],<br><span class="bld">I</span> in Time, [[begin]], [[make a beginning]], Act. and Med. (in Hom. the Act. is more freq., in Att. Prose the Med., esp. where personal action is emphasized), πολέμου [[ἄρχειν]] to [[be the aggressor]], Th.1.53; <b class="b3">πολέμου ἄρχεσθαι</b> to [[begin one's operations]], X.''HG''6.3.6; <b class="b3">ἄρχειν τοῦ λόγου</b> to [[open a conversation]], Id.''An.''1.6.6; <b class="b3">ἄρχεσθαι τοῦ λόγου</b> to [[begin one's speech]], ib.3.2.7. Constr.:<br><span class="bld">1</span> mostly c. gen., [[make a beginning of]], ἄρχειν πολέμοιο Il.4.335; μύθων Od.3.68; τῶν ἀδικημάτων πρῶτον τοῦτο ἄρξαι [[Herodotus|Hdt.]] 1.2; ἦρξεν ἐμβολῆς [[Aeschylus|A.]]''[[The Persians|Pers.]]''409; <b class="b3">τοῦ κακοῦ</b> ib.353; <b class="b3">ἄρχειν χειρῶν ἀδίκων, ἄρχειν τῆς πληγῆς</b>, [[strike the first blow]], Antipho 4.2.1 and 2:—in Med. in religious sense, = [[ἀπάρχεσθαι]], [[ἀρχόμενος μελέων]] = [[beginning with the limbs]], Od.14.428, cf. [[Euripides|E.]]''[[Ion]]''651; but Act., σπονδαῖσιν ἄρξαι Pi.''I.''6(5).37.<br><span class="bld">2</span> c. gen., [[begin from]] or [[begin with]]... ἐν σοὶ μὲν λήξω σέο δ' ἄρξομαι Il.9.97; ἄρχεσθαι Διός Pi.''N.''5.25; <b class="b3">πόθεν ἄρξωμαι</b>; A.''Ch.'' 855; πόθεν ποτὲ ἦρκται Hp. ''VM''5; <b class="b3">ἄρχεσθαι, ἦρχθαι ἔκ τινος</b>, Od.23.199, Hp.''Off.''11; <b class="b3">ἀπό τινος</b> freq. in Prose, <b class="b3">ἀρξάμενοι αὐτίκα ἀπὸ παιδίων</b> [[even]] from [[boyhood]], [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]3.12; but more commonly <b class="b3">ἐκ παίδων, ἐκ παιδός</b>, etc., [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Republic|R.]]'' 408d, ''Thg.''128d:—[[ἀπό]] in non-temporal relations, <b class="b3">ἀρξάμενος ἀπὸ σοῦ</b>. i.e. [[including]] yourself, [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Gorgias|Grg.]]'' 471c, cf. D.18.297; ἀπὸ τῶν πατέρων [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Memorabilia|Mem.]]''3.5.15; μέχρι τῶν δώδεκα ἀπὸ μιᾶς ἀρξάμενος [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Leges|Lg.]]''771c; <b class="b3">ἀφ' ἱερῶν ἠργμένη ἀρχή</b> ib.771a; ἀφ' Ἑστίας ἀρχόμενος Ar.''V.''846.<br><span class="bld">3</span> c. gen. rei et dat. pers., <b class="b3">ἄρχε θεοῖς δαιτός</b> [[begin]] a [[banquet]] to the gods, Il.15.95; τοῖς ἄρα μύθων ἦρχε 2.433, etc.; τῇσι δὲ.. ἄρχετο μολπῆς Od.6.101; ἦρξε τῇ πόλει ἀνομίας τὸ νόσημα Th.2.53, cf. 12; τὴν ἡμέραν ἄρχειν ἐλευθερίας τῇ Ἑλλάδι X.''HG''2.2.23; ἡμὶν οὐ σμικρῶν κακῶν ἦρξεν τὸ δῶρον S.''Tr.''871.<br><span class="bld">4</span> c. acc., <b class="b3">ἄρχειν ὁδόν τινι</b>, [[show]] him the way, Od.8.107 (but also <b class="b3">ἄρχειν ὁδοῖο</b> [[lead]] the way, 5.237): abs. (''[[sc.]]'' [[ὁδόν]]), ἄρχε δ' Ἀθήνη 3.12; σὺ μὲν ἄρχε Il.9.69; ἦ ῥα καὶ ἄρχε λέχοσδε κιών 3.447; ἦρχε δ' ἄρα σφιν Ἄρης 5.592, cf. infr. 11.2: with other accusatives, ἄρχειν ὕμνον Pi.''N.''3.10; ἅπερ ἦρξεν A.''Ag.''1529 (lyr.); λυπηρόν τι S.''El.''552; ὕβριν Id.''Fr.''368.<br><span class="bld">5</span> of actions, σέο δ' ἕξεται ὅττι κεν ἄρχῃ Il.9.102: freq. c. inf., <b class="b3">τοῖσιν δ' ἦρχ' ἀγορεύειν</b> among them, Il.1.571, etc.; <b class="b3">ἦρχε νέεσθαι, ἦρχ' ἴμεν</b>, 2.84, 13.329; ἄρχετε νῦν νέκυας φορέειν Od.22.437, etc.; ὑφαίνειν ἤρχετο μῆτιν Il.7.324; ἤρξαντο οἰκοδομεῖν Th.1.107; ἡ [[νόσος]] ἤρξατο γενέσθαι Id.2.47: c. part., of continued action or condition, ἦρχον χαλεπαίνων Il.2.378; ἢν ἄρξῃ ἀδικέων [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]4.119; ἡ ψυχὴ ἄρχεται ἀπολείπουσα [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Cyropaedia|Cyr.]]''8.7.26; πόθεν ἂν ὀρθῶς ἀρξαίμεθα ἐπαινοῦντες; Pl.''Mx.''237a, cf. ''Tht.''187a (but ἄ. ἐπαινεῖν Id.''[[Phaedrus|Phdr.]]''241e); ἄρξομαι διδάσκων [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Cyropaedia|Cyr.]]''8.8.2 (but ἤρξω [[μανθάνειν]] Id.''Mem.''3.5.22).<br><span class="bld">6</span> abs., [[ἄρχε]] = [[take the lead]]! Il.9.69: generally, [[begin]], <b class="b3">ἄρχειν [τὴν ἐκεχειρίαν] τήνδε τὴν ἡμέραν</b> Indut. ap. Th.4.118, cf. Lex ap.D.24.42; <b class="b3">τὸ ἄρχον</b>, opp. <b class="b3">τὸ ἑπόμενον</b>, Dam.''Pr.''234: part. [[ἀρχόμενος]] = [[at first]], X.''Eq.''9.3, ''Cyn.''3.8, Isoc.2.54; [[at the beginning]], ἀρχομένου δὲ πίθου καὶ λήγοντος Hes.''Op.''368, cf. ''Fr.''192.4; ἀρχομένοισιν ἢ καταπαυομένοισι [[Aristophanes|Ar.]]''[[The Knights|Eq.]]'' 1246; ἄρχεται ὁ πόλεμος ἐνθένδε Th.2.1; <b class="b3">ἅμα ἦρι ἀρχομένῳ</b> ibid.; <b class="b3">θέρους εὐθὺς ἀρχομένου</b> ib.47.<br><span class="bld">7</span> Gramm., of a word, ἄ. ἀπὸ φωνήεντος D.T.633.27; [[ἡ ἄρχουσα]] (''[[sc.]]'' [[συλλαβή]]) A.D.''Synt.''130.13.<br><span class="bld">II</span> in point of [[place]] or Station, [[rule]], [[govern]], [[command]],<br><span class="bld">1</span> mostly c. gen., [[rule]], [[be leader of]]... Βοιωτῶν Il.2.494, cf. [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]5.1, etc.<br><span class="bld">2</span> less freq. c. dat., ἀνδράσιν ἦρξα Od.14.230, cf. 471, Il.2.805, Pi.''P.''3.4, [[Aeschylus|A.]]''[[Prometheus Vinctus|Pr.]]''940, [[Euripides|E.]]''[[Andromache|Andr.]]''666, ''IA''337, ''IG''7.2830 (Hyettus), etc.; also <b class="b3">ἐν δ' ἄρα τοῖσιν ἦρχ'</b> held [[command]] among them, Il.13.690, cf. [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Phaedrus|Phdr.]]'' 238a: c. inf. added, <b class="b3">ἄρχε Μυρμιδόνεσσι μάχεσθαι</b> [[lead|led]] them [[on]] to [[fight]], Il.16.65.<br><span class="bld">3</span> abs., [[rule]], ὅσον τό τ' ἄρχειν καὶ τὸ δουλεύειν δίχα [[Aeschylus|A.]]''[[Prometheus Vinctus|Pr.]]''927, cf. ''Pers.''774; esp. [[hold a magistracy]], ὁκοῖόν τε εἴη ἄρχειν μετὰ τὸ βασιλεύειν [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]6.67; at Athens, etc., to [[be archon]], D.21.178; <b class="b3">ἀρχάς, ἀρχὴν ἄρχειν</b>, [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]3.80, Th.6.54; <b class="b3">ἄρχειν τὴν ἐπώνυμον</b> (with or without [[ἀρχήν]]) ''IG''3.659, 693, ''SIG''872.7.<br><span class="bld">4</span> Pass., with fut. ἄρξομαι [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]7.159, Pi.''O.''8.45, [[Aeschylus|A.]]''[[The Persians|Pers.]]''589, Lys.28.7; but ἀρχθήσομαι [[Aristotle|Arist.]]''[[Politica|Pol.]]''1259b40, D.C.65.10:—to [[be ruled]], [[be governed]], etc., ὑπό τινος [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.127; ἔκ τινος S.''El.''264, ''Ant.''63; ὑπό τινι [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.91, 103; σφόδρα ὑπό τινος Lys.12.92; ἄρχε πρῶτον μαθὼν ἄρχεσθαι Sol. ap.D.L.1.60, cf. [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Protagoras|Prt.]]'' 326d; δύνασθαι καὶ ἄρχεσθαι καὶ ἄρχειν [[Aristotle|Arist.]]''[[Politica|Pol.]]''1277b14; [[οἱ ἀρχόμενοι]] = [[subject]]s, X.''An.''2 6.19, etc.
}}
}}
{{DGE
{{DGE
|dgtxt=<b class="num">• Morfología:</b> [ép. inf. ἀρχέμεναι <i>Il</i>.20.154; impf. sin aum. <i>Od</i>.10.205, aor. sin aum. ἄρξα <i>Od</i>.14.230, graf. ɛ̄ρχσα <i>IG</i> 1<sup>3</sup>.472.4 (V a.C.); med. part. pres. ἄρχμενος Call.<i>Fr</i>.75.56; dór. fut. ἀρξεῦμαι Theoc.7.95]<br /><b class="num">A</b> en sent. concr., en v. act.<br /><b class="num">I</b> sin idea de mov., c. suj. y compl., gener. en gen. o dat., de pers. y asimilados<br /><b class="num">1</b> en cont. bélico [[mandar]], [[acaudillar]], [[capitanear]]<br /><b class="num">a)</b> c. gen. de las huestes Βοιωτῶν <i>Il</i>.2.494, Ἁλιζώνων <i>Il</i>.2.856, Κισσίων Hdt.7.62, ἑταίρων <i>Od</i>.13.266, cf. Hdt.1.207, esp. en la fórmula τῶν (δ') ἦρχε <i>Il</i>.2.512, 736, τῶν μὲν ἐγὼν ἄρχον, τῶν δ' Εὐρύλοχος <i>Od</i>.10.205, cf. Ibyc.1(a).2, Hdt.5.1;<br /><b class="num">b)</b> c. gen. de cuerpos de ejército, esp. naves en plu. τῶν ἑκατὸν νηῶν ἦρχε <i>Il</i>.2.576, cf. 586, E.<i>IA</i> 355<br /><b class="num">•</b>[[ser el almirante]] τῶν εἴκοσι νεῶν Th.2.80, cf. 1.47<br /><b class="num">•</b>στρατιῆς Hdt.1.207, cf. Th.2.33, κέρεος Hdt.9.26, συμμάχων Th.2.62, ὁπλιτῶν E.<i>Andr</i>.760, τῷ ... πραιποσίτῳ ... στρατιωτῶν ἄρχιν (l. -χειν) ἔξεστι <i>POxy</i>.1101.13 (IV d.C.)<br /><b class="num">•</b>en v. pas. [[ser capitaneado]], [[estar bajo el mando]] οὔτ' ἂν στρατός γε σωφρόνως ἄρχοιτ' ἔτι nunca ya el ejército se mantendría sensatamente disciplinado (sin temor y respeto)</i>, S.<i>Ai</i>.1075, ἴσθι ἀρξόμενος ὑπὸ Λακεδαιμονίων Hdt.7.159, ὑπὸ τοῦ Οὐεσπασιανοῦ D.C.65.10.3;<br /><b class="num">c)</b> c. dat., mismos sent. ἦρχε ... σφιν ... [[Ἀγαμέμνων]] <i>Il</i>.14.134, cf. 2.805, ἦρχε δὲ τοῖσιν ἐὺς παῖς Ἀλκαίοιο Hes.<i>Sc</i>.26, ἀνδράσιν ἄρξα καὶ ὠκυπόροισι νέεσσιν <i>Od</i>.14.230<br /><b class="num">•</b>c. prep. ἐν δ' [[ἄρα]] τοῖσιν ἦρχ' υἱὸς Πετεῶο <i>Il</i>.13.690<br /><b class="num">•</b>c. dat. e inf. ἄρχε δὲ Μυρμιδόνεσσι ... μάχεσθαι <i>Il</i>.16.65, c. dat. y ac. direcc. ἄρχειν Δαναΐδαις πρὸς Ἴλιον E.<i>IA</i> 337, cf. <i>Andr</i>.666, <i>IG</i> 7.2830.2 (Hicto III/II a.C.);<br /><b class="num">d)</b> abs. Τρῶες δὲ προὔτυψαν ἀολλέες· ἦρχε δ' ἄρ' Ἕκτωρ <i>Il</i>.17.262, 13.136, 15.306, cf. en v. pas. Hdt.7.159.<br /><b class="num">2</b> en un sent. que no es estrictamente el de una expedición bélica [[mandar]], [[dominar]], [[imperar]]<br /><b class="num">a)</b> entre los dioses, de Zeus ἄ. θεῶν A.<i>Pr</i>.203, del amor οὗτος ἄρχει καὶ θεῶν ... κἀμοῦ γε S.<i>Tr</i>.443, c. dat., de Zeus δαρὸν γὰρ οὐκ ἄρξει θεοῖς A.<i>Pr</i>.940, abs. τὸ πάλαι δ' ἦν Κρόνος ἄρχων Tim.20.4;<br /><b class="num">b)</b> unos pueblos sobre otros ἄλλων Hdt.1.170, cf. 210, βαρβάρων δ' Ἕλληνας ἄρχειν [[εἰκός]] E.<i>IA</i> 1400, τῶν Ἑλλήνων Isoc.6.94, en v. pas. ὑπὸ Μήδων ἄρχεσθαι Hdt.1.127, cf. 91;<br /><b class="num">c)</b> sobre anim. y seres inanimados [[mandar sobre]], [[imperar]] οὔτε γὰρ ἵππων οὔτε κυνῶν οὔτ' ἀνδρῶν οὔτ' [[ἄλλου]] πράγματος οὐδενὸς οἷόν τε καλῶς ἄρχειν Isoc.2.15, ἰχθύων [[LXX]] <i>Ge</i>.1.26, 28, θηρίων τῆς γῆς <i>Ep.Barn</i>.6.12, παρέδομεν ταῖς γυναιξὶν ... ἄρχειν κερκίδων καὶ πάσης ταλασίας Pl.<i>Lg</i>.805e.<br /><b class="num">3</b> en la sociedad civil, gener. [[ejercer el poder sobre]], [[regir]], [[gobernar]], [[mandar]]<br /><b class="num">a)</b> c. gen. πολιτῶν A.<i>A</i>.1639, ἄρχει τις αὐτῶν, ἢ ἐπὶ τῷ πλήθει λόγος; S.<i>OC</i> 66, ὧνπερ ἄρχεις, ἄρχε manda a quienes te corresponde mandar</i> S.<i>Ai</i>.1107, cf. Hdt.4.3, 6.138, δούλων E.<i>Andr</i>.374, ἀκόντων Pl.<i>Lg</i>.832c, οὐ πολλοὶ ὀλίγων ἄρχουσιν ἀλλὰ πλειόνων μᾶλλον ἐλάσσους Th.4.126, (μοναρχία) ... ἄρχει τῶν ὁμοίων καὶ βελτιόνων Arist.<i>Pol</i>.1295a20, θανόντος γ' ἄρξομεν muerto lo dominaremos</i> S.<i>Ai</i>.1068, ἐμοῦ δὲ ζῶντος οὐκ ἄρξει [[γυνή]] S.<i>Ant</i>.525;<br /><b class="num">b)</b> abs. [[mandar]], [[tener el poder]] νῦν δὲ Λεώφιλος μὲν ἄρχει Archil.214, ἄρχειν μὲν βουλῇ θεοτιμήτους βασιλῆας Tyrt.3.5, φορτηγοὶ δ' ἄρχουσι Thgn.679, c. ac. de rel. τὰ κατὰ πόλιν καὶ τὰ ἔνδημα ... ἦρχον (los reyes), Arist.<i>Pol</i>.1285<sup>b</sup>14, entre los estoicos ὁ [[ἀρχικός]], ὁ σπουδαῖος μόνος ἄρχων Chrysipp.<i>Stoic</i>.3.159<i>bis</i>, del sistema democrático πλῆθος δ' ἄρχον Hdt.3.80, cf. 82, Pl.<i>Plt</i>.291e, c. adv. o locución adverb. οὔτοι κακῶς γ' ἄρχοντος de ninguna manera (hay que obedecer) al que gobierna mal</i> S.<i>OT</i> 629, ἄρχειν κατὰ μόνας Arist.<i>Pol</i>.1281<sup>b</sup>33, c. gen. separat. <ἀπ'> οὐθενὸς (τιμήματος) ἦρχον gobernaba (prácticamente) sobre una base no censuaría</i> Arist.<i>Pol</i>.1303<sup>a</sup>24, c. ac. int. ἄρχεις δ' ἐκείνῃ ταὐτά S.<i>OT</i> 579, op. a dif. formas de vida civil πολιτεύεσθαι καὶ ἄρχειν Arist.<i>Pol</i>.1318<sup>b</sup>15, τὸ ἄρχειν καὶ τὸ δουλεύειν [[δίχα]] A.<i>Pr</i>.927, cf. <i>Pers</i>.774, S.<i>OT</i> 585<br /><b class="num">•</b>esp. op. a su v. pas. [[dejarse mandar]], [[ser dominado]] κάματός ἐστι τοῖς αὐτοῖς μοχθεῖν καὶ ἄρχεσθαι es fatiga trabajar para los mismos y estar bajo su dominio</i> Heraclit.B 84b, καλῶς μὲν ἄρχειν, εὖ δ' ἂν ἄρχεσθαι θέλειν S.<i>Ant</i>.669, cf. Pl.<i>Prt</i>.326d, Lys.28.7, τὸ ἄρχεσθαι καὶ ἄρχειν εἴδει διαφέρει Arist.<i>Pol</i>.1259<sup>b</sup>37, τὸ μὲν γὰρ ... ἄρχον φύσει, ... τὸ δὲ ... ἀρχόμενρν φύσει el uno es un (ser) que gobierna por naturaleza, el otro es gobernado por naturaleza</i> Arist.<i>Pol</i>.1252<sup>a</sup>31, δύνασθαι καὶ ἄρχεσθαι καὶ ἄρχειν Arist.<i>Pol</i>.1277<sup>b</sup>14, cf. Plu.2.754d<br /><b class="num">•</b>sólo en v. pas. [[ser dominado]], [[ser gobernado]] οὐκ ἀρχόμεθ' ἐκ κρεισσόνων S.<i>Ant</i>.63, cf. <i>OC</i> 66, ἄρχεσθαι πρεσβύτερον ὑπὸ νεωτέρου Pl.<i>Ti</i>.34c, cf. Lys.12.92, Sol.<i>Ep</i>.3, βίᾳ ἀρχόμενον Th.3.46.5, οἱ ἀρχόμενοι los súbditos</i> X.<i>An</i>.2.6.19, cf. Arist.<i>Pol</i>.1259<sup>b</sup>40.<br /><b class="num">4</b> en las ciu., institucionalizado<br /><b class="num">a)</b> en Atenas [[ser arconte]] πρὶν ἢ Σόλωνα ἄρξαι Sol.<i>Lg</i>.70, ε̄̓ρχε δὲ Ἀθηναίοις Ἀριστίον <i>IG</i> 1<sup>3</sup>.285.2 (V a.C.), ἐπὶ τῆς ἐκείνου ἀρχῆς, ἧς κατ' ἐνιαυτὸν Ἀθηναίοις ἦρχε Th.1.93<br /><b class="num">•</b>c. ac. int. ἦρξαν τὴν ἐνιαύσιον Ἀθηναίοις ἀρχήν Th.6.54, cf. D.21.178, Plu.2.1016b, ἄρχειν τὴν ἐπώνυμον (ἀρχήν) ser arconte epónimo</i>, <i>IG</i> 3(1).659.5, 693 (II d.C.), <i>SIG</i> 872.7 (Eleusis II d.C.)<br /><b class="num">•</b>frec. en part. subst. (v. [[ἄρχων]]) cóm. [[ἡ ἄρχουσα]] = de una [[mujer]] [[arconte]] Ar.<i>Ec</i>.237<br /><b class="num">•</b>en aor. [[ex-arconte]] Εὐκλείδην τὸν ἄρξαντα Archipp.27.3;<br /><b class="num">b)</b> gener. [[desempeñar un cargo o magistratura]] ἀ. ἀρχήν Hdt.3.80, 6.67, <i>POxy</i>.471.145 (II d.C.) en <i>BL</i> 1.322<br /><b class="num">•</b>c. gen. de pers. [[ser magistrado]] οἱ τῶν Βοιωτῶν ἄρξαντες los magistrados de los beodos</i> Plb.20.7.5, οὗτος ἄρχων ... ὑμῶν del obispo en la administración religiosa <i>Const.App</i>.2.26.4<br /><b class="num">•</b>en v. pas. οἱ ἀρχόμενοι los sometidos a la autoridad episcopal</i> Chrys.M.<i>Sac</i>.4.8.24<br /><b class="num">•</b>abs. ὁκοῖος τ' εἴη τὸ ἄρχειν μετὰ τὸ βασιλεύειν qué era ser magistrado después de reinar</i> Hdt.6.67, cf. Hp.<i>Ep</i>.10, ἄρχειν καὶ λειτουργεῖν <i>POxy</i>.1119.16 (III d.C.), <i>PBerl.Borkowski</i> 10.3 (III/IV d.C.);<br /><b class="num">c)</b> en época imper., c. ac. de n. de lugar [[ser gobernador]] ἄρχειν ... τὴν ... Θηβαίων χώραν <i>PMasp</i>.279.re.9 (VI d.C.), c. pred. Αὐρ[ηλίῳ] ... ἄρξαντι βουλευτῇ a Aurelio que desempeñó el cargo de consejero</i>, <i>CPR</i> 7.18.6.<br /><b class="num">5</b> c. n. concr. de lugar<br /><b class="num">a)</b> de la nave [[capitanear]], [[ser el capitán o patrón]] βασιλεύς, ὅστις ἄρχει ναός Pi.<i>P</i>.4.230, cf. E.<i>Hel</i>.1552;<br /><b class="num">b)</b> territorios [[dominar]], [[ser el amo de]], [[mandar sobre]] χώρας A.<i>Pers</i>.856, Th.1.138, τῆσδε γῆς S.<i>OT</i> 54, cf. Th.1.4, χθονός E.<i>Io</i> 1574, θαλάσσης Hdt.3.122, Ἑλλάδος Hdt.3.122, τῆς πόλεως Th.6.38, τοῦ ἔσπλου controlar la entrada del puerto</i> Th.8.90, c. dat. βάσσαισι Pi.<i>P</i>.3.4, abs. [[Ἀλκίνοος]] δὲ τότ' ἄρχε en la isla Esqueria <i>Od</i>.6.12.<br /><b class="num">6</b> de partes del cuerpo, espíritu, pasiones [[regir]], [[mandar sobre]], [[controlar]] οὐ χερὸς, οὐ ποδὸς, οὔ τινος ἄρχων S.<i>Ph</i>.859, ψυχῆς Pl.<i>R</i>.408e, τῶν ἡδονῶν Pl.<i>Grg</i>.491e, [[ἑαυτοῦ]] Pl.<i>Grg</i>.491d, τοῦ παντὸς νοῦς ἄρχει Pl.<i>Phlb</i>.30d, αἱ συμφοραὶ τῶν ἀνθρώπων ἄρχουσι καὶ οὐκὶ ὥνθρωποι τῶν συμφορέων Hdt.7.49, οὐκ [[ἄρχω]] τύχης Th.4.64, (κάλλος) τῆς ῥώμης ... ἄρχειν Isoc.10.16, c. dat. y prep. (ἐπιθυμίας) ἀρξάσης ἐν ἡμῖν Pl.<i>Phdr</i>.237e, ἐν ἑκάστῳ δύο τινέ ἐστον ἰδέα ἄρχοντε en cada uno hay dos principios rectores</i> Pl.<i>Phdr</i>.237d.<br /><b class="num">II</b> c. idea de mov., c. suj. de pers. [[conducir]], [[guiar]] c. dat. y ac. de extensión ἄρχε δὲ τῷ αὐτὴν ὁδόν le condujo por el mismo camino</i>, <i>Od</i>.8.107, c. gen. y giro prep. ἄρχε δ' ὁδοῖο νήσου ἐπ' ἐσχατιῆς guió el camino hasta la parte extrema de la isla</i>, <i>Od</i>.5.237<br /><b class="num">•</b>abs. [[ir a la cabeza]], [[abrir la marcha]], [[dirigir]] esp. de dioses βῆ δὲ ... σιγῇ ... ἦρχε δὲ [[δαίμων]] marchaba (Helena) en silencio, iba delante la diosa (Afrodita)</i>, <i>Il</i>.3.420, cf. 1.495, ἦ ῥα, καὶ ἄρχε λέχοσδε κιών <i>Il</i>.11.472, 15.559, cf. 9.657, <i>Od</i>.2.416, Βάκχιος ἄρχοι que dirija Baco</i> S.<i>Ant</i>.153.<br /><b class="num">B</b> en sent. fig., en v. act. y med.<br /><b class="num">I</b> c. suj. de pers. o anim. y gen. (raramente ac. o dat.) de n. de acción, palabras, etc.<br /><b class="num">1</b> [[encabezar]], [[dar comienzo]], [[iniciar]]<br /><b class="num">a)</b> πολέμοιο <i>Il</i>.4.335, cf. 7.232, Th.1.53, μάχης Th.1.49, ἦρχε φόβοιο inició el movimiento de pánico</i>, <i>Il</i>.17.597<br /><b class="num">•</b>esp. en el cliché jurídico ἄρχειν χειρῶν (ἀδίκων) [[ser el agresor]] ἀμυνόμενος ἄρχοντα χειρῶν πρότερον Pl.<i>Lg</i>.869c, cf. Isoc.20.1, Antipho 4.2.1, 2, Plb.2.45.6, <i>PHal</i>.1.204 (III a.C.)<br /><b class="num">•</b>abs. [[iniciar el ataque]] u [[hostilidades]] ἄρχε· σὺ γὰρ ... νεώτερος <i>Il</i>.21.439, ἦρχε γὰρ Ἄρης ... [[ἔγχος]] ἔχων <i>Il</i>.21.391, cf. 437, πολεμοῦνται σαφῶς ὁποτέρων ἀρξάντων Th.4.20<br /><b class="num">•</b>op. a la v. med. πολέμου δὲ οὐκ ἄρξομεν, ἀρχομένους δὲ ἀμυνούμεθα no iniciaremos la guerra, pero si ellos la promueven, nos defenderemos</i> Th.1.144<br /><b class="num">•</b>en v. med. μηδὲ φυγῆς ... ἄρχεσθε μηδὲ φόβου Tyrt.6.16;<br /><b class="num">b)</b> de bienes y males (frec. c. dat. de interés) [[comenzar]], [[ser el principio]] τοῦ παντὸς κακοῦ A.<i>Pers</i>.353, μυρίης κακότητος Hdt.6.67, cf. Th.2.12, τῶν ἀδικημάτων Hdt.1.2, cf. S.<i>Tr</i>.872, Is.6.21, τῇ πόλει ... ἀνομίας Th.2.53, τῆς σωτηρίας Pl.<i>Lg</i>.707c, στάσιος ἀρξεῖν <i>ICr</i>.1.9.1B.61 (Dreros III a.C.), ἐλευθερίας τῇ Ἑλλάδι X.<i>HG</i> 2.2.23, ἄρχειν τῆς ἡμέρας καὶ νυκτός [[LXX]] <i>Ge</i>.1.18<br /><b class="num">•</b>en v. med. πεπρωμένοι ἤρχετο μόροιο κᾶρυξ Pi.<i>Fr</i>.140a.67 (dud.), c. ac. τείσας ἅπερ ἦρξεν A.<i>A</i>.1529, λυπηρόν τι S.<i>El</i>.552, ὕβριν S.<i>Fr</i>.368;<br /><b class="num">c)</b> de la palabra y el canto [[comenzar]], [[iniciar]] τοῖσι δὲ μύθων ἦρχε πατὴρ ἀνδρῶν τε θεῶν τε <i>Il</i>.22.167, 24.103, <i>Od</i>.1.28, ἦρχον ἐγὼ μύθοιο <i>Il</i>.11.781, Ϝεπέων Alcm.27.2, γόοιο del lamento ritual <i>Il</i>.24.723, de géneros escritos τῆς σπουδαίας ἐπιστολῆς θεὸς ἄρχει (la palabra) «dios» comienza una carta seria</i> Pl.<i>Ep</i>.363b, cf. 317b, τοῦ βυβλίου Epicur.<i>Fr</i>.[94] 2, c. ac. ὕμνον Pi.<i>N</i>.3.10<br /><b class="num">•</b>abs. οἱ δ' ᾤμωξαν ..., ἦρχε δὲ [[Ἀχιλλεύς]] <i>Il</i>.23.12<br /><b class="num">•</b>en v. med. τοῖσι ... ἤρχετο μύθων <i>Od</i>.1.367, τοῦ λόγου δὲ ἤρχετο ὧδε así comenzaba su discurso</i> X.<i>An</i>.3.2.7, ἀοιδῆς Hes.<i>Th</i>.48, Stesich.101, φιλίων δ' ἐπέων Pi.<i>P</i>.4.30, cf. <i>Lyr.Adesp</i>.20d, ῥαπτῶν ἐπέων Pi.<i>N</i>.2.3<br /><b class="num">•</b>del baile τῇσι δὲ ... ἄρχετο μολπῆς <i>Od</i>.6.101<br /><b class="num">•</b>abs. [[iniciar]], [[comenzar el canto]] del aedo ὁ δ' ὁρμηθεὶς θεοῦ ἤρχετο impulsado por el dios comenzó el canto</i>, <i>Od</i>.8.499, ὅτ' ἄψ ἄρχοιτο καὶ ὀτρύνειαν ἀείδειν <i>Od</i>.8.90, ἀοιδοὶ ... ἀρχόμενοι δὲ Λίνον καὶ λήγοντες καλέουσιν Hes.<i>Fr</i>.305.4, cf. <i>h.Ap</i>.514, <i>Inc.Lesb</i>.19<br /><b class="num">•</b>[[comenzar a hablar]], [[tomar la palabra]] ἔα μ' ἐν οἷσιν ἠρξάμην permite que me quede en lo que dije al principio</i> S.<i>OC</i> 625;<br /><b class="num">d)</b> sólo en v. med., de otras actividades, gener. [[dar comienzo]] ἀρχόμενος τὰ πρῶτ' ἀρότου Hes.<i>Op</i>.467, ἀμήτου Hes.<i>Op</i>.384, σπέρματος Hes.<i>Op</i>.781 ρχσαντο τōν ἔργον comenzaron las obras</i>, <i>IG</i> 1<sup>3</sup>.472.4 (V a.C.), cf. Pi.<i>O</i>.6.3<br /><b class="num">•</b>esp. en part. ἀρχόμενος, ἀρξάμενος [[al empezar]] ἐς πλόον ἀρχόμενοι al comenzar la navegación</i> Pi.<i>P</i>.1.34, cf. X.<i>Eq</i>.4.2, <i>Cyn</i>.3.8, una enfermedad o tratamiento, Hp.<i>Acut</i>.46, ἦν Ἰησοῦς ἀρχόμενος ὡσεὶ ἐτῶν τριάκοντα tenía Jesús al empezar (su predicación) como treinta años</i>, <i>Eu.Luc</i>.3.23<br /><b class="num">•</b>esp. ref. a un tratado, una obra literaria, discurso, etc. ἀρχόμενος δὲ ἀπ' ἀρχῆς διεξήιε ... Hdt.1.116, ἀρξάμενος εὐθύς καθισταμένου (πολέμου) habiendo empezado (a redactar su historia) en cuanto empezó la guerra</i> Th.1.1, cf. X.<i>Eq</i>.9.3, Isoc.2.54, <i>Act.Ap</i>.11.4, X.Eph.5.7.7<br /><b class="num">•</b>ἐν τῷ ἄρχεσθαι al empezar (una ciencia) e.d. al considerar los principios generales</i> Aristox.<i>Harm</i>.55.4, cf. 6<br /><b class="num">•</b>en lit. crist. (οἱ) ἀρχόμενοι (los) principiantes o catecúmenos</i> Origenes <i>Cels</i>.3.51 (p.247.9)<br /><b class="num">•</b>en perf. [[tener su principio]] op. a ‘[[ser eterno]]’, Gr.Naz.M.35.1221B;<br /><b class="num">e)</b> de comidas, ceremonias y fiestas que requieren cierto orden establecido [[empezar]], [[presidir]], [[inaugurar]] c. gen. σύ γ' ἄρχε θεοῖσι δόμοις [[ἔνι]] δαιτός tú (Temis) preside en los palacios el banquete para los dioses</i>, <i>Il</i>.15.95, c. dat. ἄρξαι σπονδαῖσιν Pi.<i>I</i>.6.37, abs. Ἀτρεΐδη, σὺ ἄρχε ref. a la preparación de una comida <i>Il</i>.9.69<br /><b class="num">•</b>en v. med. c. gen. πάντων ἀρχόμενος μελέων empezando (a cortar) todos los miembros (del animal)</i> <i>Od</i>.14.428, ἄρξασθαι ... κοινῆς τραπέζης E.<i>Io</i> 651, ἄρξασθαί τε πίθου (es el mejor día) para [[empezar]] un [[tonel]]</i> Hes.<i>Op</i>.815, cf. 368, c. ac. o ac. c. prep. Βάκχῳ τὰς τριετ<ε>ῖς ἀρχόμεναι θυμέλας al inaugurar las ceremonias trienales en honor de Baco</i> Posidipp.Epigr.37.4, ἄρχειν εἰς τὰ Θεσμοφόρια presidir en las Tesmoforias</i> Is.8.19.<br /><b class="num">2</b> c. part. e inf. [[comenzar]], [[empezar a]]<br /><b class="num">a)</b> c. part. χαλεπαίνων <i>Il</i>.2.378, ἔπος εἰπὼν ἀποθύμιον Hes.<i>Op</i>.709, ἀδικέων Hdt.4.119<br /><b class="num">•</b>en v. med. ἄρχεσθαι ἐπιδέοντα ἀπὸ τοῦ οἰδήματος Hp.<i>Fract</i>.27, ἐπεὰν ... ἄρχηται διακινεύμενος Hdt.3.108, ἐπαινοῦντες Pl.<i>Mx</i>.237a, διαλεγόμενοι Pl.<i>Tht</i>.187a, διδάσκων X.<i>Cyr</i>.8.8.2, ἡ ψυχὴ ... ἄρχεται ἀπολείπουσα X.<i>Cyr</i>.8.7.26;<br /><b class="num">b)</b> c. inf. βουλῆς ἐξ ἦρχε νέεσθαι <i>Il</i>.2.84, cf. 13.329, ὣς ... ἄρξωσι πρότεροι ὑπὲρ ὅρκια δηλήσασθαι <i>Il</i>.4.66, 70, νέκυας φορέειν <i>Od</i>.22.437, ἐμ' [[ἀτιμάζειν]] ἄρχει <i>h.Ap</i>.312, μέλος ... ἄρχε παρσένοις ἀείδην Alcm.14(a)3, στρατεύεσθαι Hdt.1.4, νόμους τίθεσθαι Pl.<i>R</i>.359a, ἐπαινεῖν Pl.<i>Phdr</i>.241e<br /><b class="num">•</b>en v. med. ὑφαίνειν ἤρχετο μῆτιν <i>Il</i>.7.324, νῆας πήγνυσθαι Hes.<i>Op</i>.809, cf. Th.1.5, Δήμητρ' ... ἄρχομαι ἀείδειν <i>h.Cer</i>.1.431, cf. Pi.<i>Fr</i>.89a.1, <i>Lyr.Adesp</i>.20e, Th.6.46, Ar.<i>Eq</i>.1264, Plb.2.1.2, <i>IM</i> 163.4 (I/II d.C.), τέττιξ ... ἀείδειν ἄρχεται Hes.<i>Sc</i>.395, πολεμεῖν Th.1.25, οἰκοβομεῖν Th.1.103, μανθάνειν X.<i>Mem</i>.3.5.22, λαλῆσαι [[LXX]] <i>Ge</i>.18.27, λέγειν <i>Eu.Matt</i>.11.7<br /><b class="num">•</b>en un uso pleonástico, calco de sintagmas semíticos ὧν ἤρξατο ὁ Ἰησοῦς ποιεῖν <i>Act.Ap</i>.1.1.<br /><b class="num">II</b> sólo en v. med., c. gen., adv. o constr. prep. de origen<br /><b class="num">a)</b> c. rég. de n. de pers. [[empezar por]] σεο <i>Il</i>.9.97, esp. c. n. de dioses o héroes al inicio de poemas o himnos Μουσάων ἀρχώμεθα Hes.<i>Th</i>.36, cf. <i>h.Hom</i>.25.1, Διὸς ἀρχόμεναι Pi.<i>N</i>.5.25, ὁπλοτέρων ἀνδρῶν ἀρχώμεθα <i>Epigoni</i> 1, ἐκ Διὸς ἀρχομένα Alcm.29, ἀπὸ παιδίων Hdt.3.12, ἀρξάμενος ἀπό σου Pl.<i>Grg</i>.471c, cf. D.18.297, <i>Eu.Matt</i>.20.8, <i>Eu.Luc</i>.24.27, ἀφ' Ἑστίας ἀρχόμενος empezando por [[Hestia]]</i> e.d. «empezando por el principio» pues a Hestia se hacía la primera [[libación]], Ar.<i>V</i>.846<br /><b class="num">•</b>c. el gen. de origen e inf. ἀπὸ τῶν πατέρων ἄρχονται καταφρονεῖν τῶν γεραιτέρων X.<i>Mem</i>.3.5.15<br /><b class="num">•</b>tb. c. dat. Ἑστίῃ ἀρχόμενος <i>h.Hom</i>.29.6;<br /><b class="num">b)</b> c. rég. de n. de lugar o indicación local [[partir de]], [[comenzar desde]] τοῦ χώρου ὅθεν τε περ οἰνοχοεύει <i>Od</i>.21.142, Δωδωνάθεν Pi.<i>N</i>.4.53, [[ἄνωθεν]] τοῦ στρατοπέδου Hdt.1.75, πόθεν ἄρξομαι; Gorg.B 11a.4, (ἰητρικὴ) πόθεν ποτὲ ἦρκται Hp.<i>VM</i> 5, πόθεν ἄρχεται τὰ ἀναφυσήματα Plb.34.11.18, ἐκ δὲ τοῦ ἀρχόμενος habiendo empezado a partir de aquí</i>, <i>Od</i>.23.199, ἐκ μυχοῦ ... ἐς τὴν εὐρέαν θάλασσαν Hdt.2.11, cf. 2.22, ἄρχεσθαι ἐκ τοῦ ὑγιέω empezar desde la parte sana</i> Hp.<i>Off</i>.11, ἀφ' ἱερῶν ἠργμένη ([[ἀρχή]]) Pl.<i>Lg</i>.771a<br /><b class="num">•</b>esp. para indicar los límites ἀρξάμενοι ἀπὸ τῆς λιβικῆς γωνίας τοῦ πύργου <i>PRyl</i>.156.14 (I d.C.), ἀπο τοῦ προπυλαίου <i>SIG</i> 969.5 (Atenas IV a.C.), cf. <i>PTeb</i>.526 (II d.C.), ἀρχομένου νότου εἰς βορρᾶ (<i>sic</i>), <i>PRyl</i>.157.7 (II d.C.);<br /><b class="num">c)</b> c. rég. de n. que significan un estadio temporal, c. prep. [[empezar desde]], [[a partir de]] ἐκ παιδῶν empezando de niños</i> Pl.<i>R</i>.408d, cf. <i>Thg</i>.128d, ἀπὸ τῆς ἕω ἀρξάμενος [[ἄχρι]] πρὸς ἑσπέραν Luc.<i>Somn</i>.15, ἀπὸ τούτων ἠρξάμεθα τῶν καιρῶν Plb.4.2.4, cf. 6.54.1, c. fechas y numerales μέχρι τῶν [[δώδεκα]] ἀπὸ μιᾶς ἀρξάμενος Pl.<i>Lg</i>.771c, ἀπὸ ἑκατοστῆς ... Ὀλυμπιάδος Plb.3.1.11.<br /><b class="num">III</b> c. suj. de abstr.<br /><b class="num">1</b> gener. [[tener principio]], [[empezar]], [[comenzar]]<br /><b class="num">a)</b> ἄρχει μὲν ἀγών empieza la [[competición]]</i>, <i>Carm.Pop</i>.17, ἄρξαντος [[αὐτοῦ]] (πολέμου) Th.1.23, 2.1, νῦν δὲ ἦρξε μὲν ἡμῖν ἐκ μουσικῆς ἡ ... [[δόξα]] ahora bien, entre nosotros la creencia ... tuvo su origen en la música</i> Pl.<i>Lg</i>.701a<br /><b class="num">•</b>tb. en v. med. [[ἅμα]] πρῶτοις ἄρξεται καὶ τερτάτοις empezará (la ruina de una ciudad) junto con la primera y tercera generación</i> Pi.<i>O</i>.8.45 (dud.), ἡ νόσος ... ἤρξατο γενέσθαι τοῖς Ἀθηναῖοις Th.2.49, cf. Hp.<i>Prog</i>.15;<br /><b class="num">b)</b> de fenómenos naturales que marcan divisiones temporales τὸ θέρος ἦρξε τοῦ ἐνδεκάτου ἔτους Th.5.24<br /><b class="num">•</b>esp. en v. med. [[ἅμα]] ἦρι ἀρχομένῳ al [[comienzo]] de la [[primavera]]</i> Th.2.2, cf. Plb.1.36.10, ἤρχετο τὰ κατὰ τὴν ἄμποτιν Plb.10.14.8.<br /><b class="num">2</b> de tratados, leyes, c. indicación temp. expresa [[comenzar a regir]], [[regir]] τὴν ἐκεχειρίαν ἄρχειν τήνδε τὴν ἡμέραν Th.4.118, cf. <i>Thasos</i> 1.18.5, 13 (V/IV a.C.), ἄρχɛ̄ν δὲ τὸν χρόνον τōν σπονδōν τō Μεταγειτνιōνος μɛ̄νὸς ἀπὸ διχομενίας <i>IG</i> 1<sup>3</sup>.6B.17, cf. 402.14 (ambas V a.C.), χρόνος ὅντινα [[δεῖ]] ἄρχειν ley en D.24.42, ἄρχει τῶν σπονδῶν ἔφορος Πλειστόλας comienza el tratado el éforo Plístolas</i> e.d. comienza a regir a partir del eforado de Plístolas</i> Th.5.19.<br /><b class="num">3</b> en series gráficas, numéricas [[empezar]] ἀφ' ἧς ἂν πλευρᾶς ἄρξῃ τὸ [[ἄλφα]] Aen.Tact.31.28, [[τὸ ἄρχον]] = [[el principio]]</i> op. [[τὸ ἑπόμενον]] Dam.<i>in Prm</i>.234.<br /><b class="num">4</b> gram. [[ἡ ἄρχουσα]]  (συλλαβή) [[sílaba inicial]]</i> A.D.<i>Synt</i>.130.13, cf. 24<br /><b class="num">•</b>τὸ ἄρχον el radical</i> A.D.<i>Pron</i>.22.6.<br /><b class="num">• Diccionario Micénico:</b> <i>a-ke-qe</i> (??).<br /><b class="num">• Etimología:</b> Et. desconocida, a no ser que proceda de *<i>ser-gh</i>- ‘[[proteger]]’ cf. [[ὄρχαμος]], gót. <i>saúrgan</i>, lit. <i>sargá</i> c. un cambio de sent. hacia ‘[[ser el primero]]’, ‘[[guiar]]’.
|dgtxt=<b class="num">• Morfología:</b> [ép. inf. ἀρχέμεναι <i>Il</i>.20.154; impf. sin aum. <i>Od</i>.10.205, aor. sin aum. ἄρξα <i>Od</i>.14.230, graf. ɛ̄ρχσα <i>IG</i> 1<sup>3</sup>.472.4 (V a.C.); med. part. pres. ἄρχμενος Call.<i>Fr</i>.75.56; dór. fut. ἀρξεῦμαι Theoc.7.95]<br /><b class="num">A</b> en sent. concr., en v. act.<br /><b class="num">I</b> sin idea de mov., c. suj. y compl., gener. en gen. o dat., de pers. y asimilados<br /><b class="num">1</b> en cont. bélico [[mandar]], [[acaudillar]], [[capitanear]]<br /><b class="num">a)</b> c. gen. de las huestes Βοιωτῶν <i>Il</i>.2.494, Ἁλιζώνων <i>Il</i>.2.856, Κισσίων Hdt.7.62, ἑταίρων <i>Od</i>.13.266, cf. Hdt.1.207, esp. en la fórmula τῶν (δ') ἦρχε <i>Il</i>.2.512, 736, τῶν μὲν ἐγὼν ἄρχον, τῶν δ' Εὐρύλοχος <i>Od</i>.10.205, cf. Ibyc.1(a).2, Hdt.5.1;<br /><b class="num">b)</b> c. gen. de cuerpos de ejército, esp. naves en plu. τῶν ἑκατὸν νηῶν ἦρχε <i>Il</i>.2.576, cf. 586, E.<i>IA</i> 355<br /><b class="num">•</b>[[ser el almirante]] τῶν εἴκοσι νεῶν Th.2.80, cf. 1.47<br /><b class="num">•</b>στρατιῆς Hdt.1.207, cf. Th.2.33, κέρεος Hdt.9.26, συμμάχων Th.2.62, ὁπλιτῶν E.<i>Andr</i>.760, τῷ ... πραιποσίτῳ ... στρατιωτῶν ἄρχιν (l. -χειν) ἔξεστι <i>POxy</i>.1101.13 (IV d.C.)<br /><b class="num">•</b>en v. pas. [[ser capitaneado]], [[estar bajo el mando]] οὔτ' ἂν στρατός γε σωφρόνως ἄρχοιτ' ἔτι nunca ya el ejército se mantendría sensatamente disciplinado (sin temor y respeto)</i>, S.<i>Ai</i>.1075, ἴσθι ἀρξόμενος ὑπὸ Λακεδαιμονίων Hdt.7.159, ὑπὸ τοῦ Οὐεσπασιανοῦ D.C.65.10.3;<br /><b class="num">c)</b> c. dat., mismos sent. ἦρχε ... σφιν ... [[Ἀγαμέμνων]] <i>Il</i>.14.134, cf. 2.805, ἦρχε δὲ τοῖσιν ἐὺς παῖς Ἀλκαίοιο Hes.<i>Sc</i>.26, ἀνδράσιν ἄρξα καὶ ὠκυπόροισι νέεσσιν <i>Od</i>.14.230<br /><b class="num">•</b>c. prep. ἐν δ' [[ἄρα]] τοῖσιν ἦρχ' υἱὸς Πετεῶο <i>Il</i>.13.690<br /><b class="num">•</b>c. dat. e inf. ἄρχε δὲ Μυρμιδόνεσσι ... μάχεσθαι <i>Il</i>.16.65, c. dat. y ac. direcc. ἄρχειν Δαναΐδαις πρὸς Ἴλιον E.<i>IA</i> 337, cf. <i>Andr</i>.666, <i>IG</i> 7.2830.2 (Hicto III/II a.C.);<br /><b class="num">d)</b> abs. Τρῶες δὲ προὔτυψαν ἀολλέες· ἦρχε δ' ἄρ' Ἕκτωρ <i>Il</i>.17.262, 13.136, 15.306, cf. en v. pas. Hdt.7.159.<br /><b class="num">2</b> en un sent. que no es estrictamente el de una expedición bélica [[mandar]], [[dominar]], [[imperar]]<br /><b class="num">a)</b> entre los dioses, de Zeus ἄ. θεῶν A.<i>Pr</i>.203, del amor οὗτος ἄρχει καὶ θεῶν ... κἀμοῦ γε S.<i>Tr</i>.443, c. dat., de Zeus δαρὸν γὰρ οὐκ ἄρξει θεοῖς A.<i>Pr</i>.940, abs. τὸ πάλαι δ' ἦν Κρόνος ἄρχων Tim.20.4;<br /><b class="num">b)</b> unos pueblos sobre otros ἄλλων Hdt.1.170, cf. 210, βαρβάρων δ' Ἕλληνας ἄρχειν [[εἰκός]] E.<i>IA</i> 1400, τῶν Ἑλλήνων Isoc.6.94, en v. pas. ὑπὸ Μήδων ἄρχεσθαι Hdt.1.127, cf. 91;<br /><b class="num">c)</b> sobre anim. y seres inanimados [[mandar sobre]], [[imperar]] οὔτε γὰρ ἵππων οὔτε κυνῶν οὔτ' ἀνδρῶν οὔτ' [[ἄλλου]] πράγματος οὐδενὸς οἷόν τε καλῶς ἄρχειν Isoc.2.15, ἰχθύων [[LXX]] <i>Ge</i>.1.26, 28, θηρίων τῆς γῆς <i>Ep.Barn</i>.6.12, παρέδομεν ταῖς γυναιξὶν ... ἄρχειν κερκίδων καὶ πάσης ταλασίας Pl.<i>Lg</i>.805e.<br /><b class="num">3</b> en la sociedad civil, gener. [[ejercer el poder sobre]], [[regir]], [[gobernar]], [[mandar]]<br /><b class="num">a)</b> c. gen. πολιτῶν A.<i>A</i>.1639, ἄρχει τις αὐτῶν, ἢ ἐπὶ τῷ πλήθει λόγος; S.<i>OC</i> 66, ὧνπερ ἄρχεις, ἄρχε manda a quienes te corresponde mandar</i> S.<i>Ai</i>.1107, cf. Hdt.4.3, 6.138, δούλων E.<i>Andr</i>.374, ἀκόντων Pl.<i>Lg</i>.832c, οὐ πολλοὶ ὀλίγων ἄρχουσιν ἀλλὰ πλειόνων μᾶλλον ἐλάσσους Th.4.126, (μοναρχία) ... ἄρχει τῶν ὁμοίων καὶ βελτιόνων Arist.<i>Pol</i>.1295a20, θανόντος γ' ἄρξομεν muerto lo dominaremos</i> S.<i>Ai</i>.1068, ἐμοῦ δὲ ζῶντος οὐκ ἄρξει [[γυνή]] S.<i>Ant</i>.525;<br /><b class="num">b)</b> abs. [[mandar]], [[tener el poder]] νῦν δὲ Λεώφιλος μὲν ἄρχει Archil.214, ἄρχειν μὲν βουλῇ θεοτιμήτους βασιλῆας Tyrt.3.5, φορτηγοὶ δ' ἄρχουσι Thgn.679, c. ac. de rel. τὰ κατὰ πόλιν καὶ τὰ ἔνδημα ... ἦρχον (los reyes), Arist.<i>Pol</i>.1285<sup>b</sup>14, entre los estoicos ὁ [[ἀρχικός]], ὁ σπουδαῖος μόνος ἄρχων Chrysipp.<i>Stoic</i>.3.159<i>bis</i>, del sistema democrático πλῆθος δ' ἄρχον Hdt.3.80, cf. 82, Pl.<i>Plt</i>.291e, c. adv. o locución adverb. οὔτοι κακῶς γ' ἄρχοντος de ninguna manera (hay que obedecer) al que gobierna mal</i> S.<i>OT</i> 629, ἄρχειν κατὰ μόνας Arist.<i>Pol</i>.1281<sup>b</sup>33, c. gen. separat. <ἀπ'> οὐθενὸς (τιμήματος) ἦρχον gobernaba (prácticamente) sobre una base no censuaría</i> Arist.<i>Pol</i>.1303<sup>a</sup>24, c. ac. int. ἄρχεις δ' ἐκείνῃ ταὐτά S.<i>OT</i> 579, op. a dif. formas de vida civil πολιτεύεσθαι καὶ ἄρχειν Arist.<i>Pol</i>.1318<sup>b</sup>15, τὸ ἄρχειν καὶ τὸ δουλεύειν [[δίχα]] A.<i>Pr</i>.927, cf. <i>Pers</i>.774, S.<i>OT</i> 585<br /><b class="num">•</b>esp. op. a su v. pas. [[dejarse mandar]], [[ser dominado]] κάματός ἐστι τοῖς αὐτοῖς μοχθεῖν καὶ ἄρχεσθαι es fatiga trabajar para los mismos y estar bajo su dominio</i> Heraclit.B 84b, καλῶς μὲν ἄρχειν, εὖ δ' ἂν ἄρχεσθαι θέλειν S.<i>Ant</i>.669, cf. Pl.<i>Prt</i>.326d, Lys.28.7, τὸ ἄρχεσθαι καὶ ἄρχειν εἴδει διαφέρει Arist.<i>Pol</i>.1259<sup>b</sup>37, τὸ μὲν γὰρ ... ἄρχον φύσει, ... τὸ δὲ ... ἀρχόμενρν φύσει el uno es un (ser) que gobierna por naturaleza, el otro es gobernado por naturaleza</i> Arist.<i>Pol</i>.1252<sup>a</sup>31, δύνασθαι καὶ ἄρχεσθαι καὶ ἄρχειν Arist.<i>Pol</i>.1277<sup>b</sup>14, cf. Plu.2.754d<br /><b class="num">•</b>sólo en v. pas. [[ser dominado]], [[ser gobernado]] οὐκ ἀρχόμεθ' ἐκ κρεισσόνων S.<i>Ant</i>.63, cf. <i>OC</i> 66, ἄρχεσθαι πρεσβύτερον ὑπὸ νεωτέρου Pl.<i>Ti</i>.34c, cf. Lys.12.92, Sol.<i>Ep</i>.3, βίᾳ ἀρχόμενον Th.3.46.5, οἱ ἀρχόμενοι los súbditos</i> X.<i>An</i>.2.6.19, cf. Arist.<i>Pol</i>.1259<sup>b</sup>40.<br /><b class="num">4</b> en las ciu., institucionalizado<br /><b class="num">a)</b> en Atenas [[ser arconte]] πρὶν ἢ Σόλωνα ἄρξαι Sol.<i>Lg</i>.70, ε̄̓ρχε δὲ Ἀθηναίοις Ἀριστίον <i>IG</i> 1<sup>3</sup>.285.2 (V a.C.), ἐπὶ τῆς ἐκείνου ἀρχῆς, ἧς κατ' ἐνιαυτὸν Ἀθηναίοις ἦρχε Th.1.93<br /><b class="num">•</b>c. ac. int. ἦρξαν τὴν ἐνιαύσιον Ἀθηναίοις ἀρχήν Th.6.54, cf. D.21.178, Plu.2.1016b, ἄρχειν τὴν ἐπώνυμον (ἀρχήν) ser arconte epónimo</i>, <i>IG</i> 3(1).659.5, 693 (II d.C.), <i>SIG</i> 872.7 (Eleusis II d.C.)<br /><b class="num">•</b>frec. en part. subst. (v. [[ἄρχων]]) cóm. [[ἡ ἄρχουσα]] = de una [[mujer]] [[arconte]] Ar.<i>Ec</i>.237<br /><b class="num">•</b>en aor. [[ex-arconte]] Εὐκλείδην τὸν ἄρξαντα Archipp.27.3;<br /><b class="num">b)</b> gener. [[desempeñar un cargo o magistratura]] ἀ. ἀρχήν Hdt.3.80, 6.67, <i>POxy</i>.471.145 (II d.C.) en <i>BL</i> 1.322<br /><b class="num">•</b>c. gen. de pers. [[ser magistrado]] οἱ τῶν Βοιωτῶν ἄρξαντες los magistrados de los beodos</i> Plb.20.7.5, οὗτος ἄρχων ... ὑμῶν del obispo en la administración religiosa <i>Const.App</i>.2.26.4<br /><b class="num">•</b>en v. pas. οἱ ἀρχόμενοι los sometidos a la autoridad episcopal</i> Chrys.M.<i>Sac</i>.4.8.24<br /><b class="num">•</b>abs. ὁκοῖος τ' εἴη τὸ ἄρχειν μετὰ τὸ βασιλεύειν qué era ser magistrado después de reinar</i> Hdt.6.67, cf. Hp.<i>Ep</i>.10, ἄρχειν καὶ λειτουργεῖν <i>POxy</i>.1119.16 (III d.C.), <i>PBerl.Borkowski</i> 10.3 (III/IV d.C.);<br /><b class="num">c)</b> en época imper., c. ac. de n. de lugar [[ser gobernador]] ἄρχειν ... τὴν ... Θηβαίων χώραν <i>PMasp</i>.279.re.9 (VI d.C.), c. pred. Αὐρ[ηλίῳ] ... ἄρξαντι βουλευτῇ a Aurelio que desempeñó el cargo de consejero</i>, <i>CPR</i> 7.18.6.<br /><b class="num">5</b> c. n. concr. de lugar<br /><b class="num">a)</b> de la nave [[capitanear]], [[ser el capitán o patrón]] βασιλεύς, ὅστις ἄρχει ναός Pi.<i>P</i>.4.230, cf. E.<i>Hel</i>.1552;<br /><b class="num">b)</b> territorios [[dominar]], [[ser el amo de]], [[mandar sobre]] χώρας A.<i>Pers</i>.856, Th.1.138, τῆσδε γῆς S.<i>OT</i> 54, cf. Th.1.4, χθονός E.<i>Io</i> 1574, θαλάσσης Hdt.3.122, Ἑλλάδος Hdt.3.122, τῆς πόλεως Th.6.38, τοῦ ἔσπλου controlar la entrada del puerto</i> Th.8.90, c. dat. βάσσαισι Pi.<i>P</i>.3.4, abs. [[Ἀλκίνοος]] δὲ τότ' ἄρχε en la isla Esqueria <i>Od</i>.6.12.<br /><b class="num">6</b> de partes del cuerpo, espíritu, pasiones [[regir]], [[mandar sobre]], [[controlar]] οὐ χερὸς, οὐ ποδὸς, οὔ τινος ἄρχων S.<i>Ph</i>.859, ψυχῆς Pl.<i>R</i>.408e, τῶν ἡδονῶν Pl.<i>Grg</i>.491e, [[ἑαυτοῦ]] Pl.<i>Grg</i>.491d, τοῦ παντὸς νοῦς ἄρχει Pl.<i>Phlb</i>.30d, αἱ συμφοραὶ τῶν ἀνθρώπων ἄρχουσι καὶ οὐκὶ ὥνθρωποι τῶν συμφορέων Hdt.7.49, οὐκ [[ἄρχω]] τύχης Th.4.64, (κάλλος) τῆς ῥώμης ... ἄρχειν Isoc.10.16, c. dat. y prep. (ἐπιθυμίας) ἀρξάσης ἐν ἡμῖν Pl.<i>Phdr</i>.237e, ἐν ἑκάστῳ δύο τινέ ἐστον ἰδέα ἄρχοντε en cada uno hay dos principios rectores</i> Pl.<i>Phdr</i>.237d.<br /><b class="num">II</b> c. idea de mov., c. suj. de pers. [[conducir]], [[guiar]] c. dat. y ac. de extensión ἄρχε δὲ τῷ αὐτὴν ὁδόν le condujo por el mismo camino</i>, <i>Od</i>.8.107, c. gen. y giro prep. ἄρχε δ' ὁδοῖο νήσου ἐπ' ἐσχατιῆς guió el camino hasta la parte extrema de la isla</i>, <i>Od</i>.5.237<br /><b class="num">•</b>abs. [[ir a la cabeza]], [[abrir la marcha]], [[dirigir]] esp. de dioses βῆ δὲ ... σιγῇ ... ἦρχε δὲ [[δαίμων]] marchaba (Helena) en silencio, iba delante la diosa (Afrodita)</i>, <i>Il</i>.3.420, cf. 1.495, ἦ ῥα, καὶ ἄρχε λέχοσδε κιών <i>Il</i>.11.472, 15.559, cf. 9.657, <i>Od</i>.2.416, Βάκχιος ἄρχοι que dirija Baco</i> S.<i>Ant</i>.153.<br /><b class="num">B</b> en sent. fig., en v. act. y med.<br /><b class="num">I</b> c. suj. de pers. o anim. y gen. (raramente ac. o dat.) de n. de acción, palabras, etc.<br /><b class="num">1</b> [[encabezar]], [[dar comienzo]], [[iniciar]]<br /><b class="num">a)</b> πολέμοιο <i>Il</i>.4.335, cf. 7.232, Th.1.53, μάχης Th.1.49, ἦρχε φόβοιο inició el movimiento de pánico</i>, <i>Il</i>.17.597<br /><b class="num">•</b>esp. en el cliché jurídico ἄρχειν χειρῶν (ἀδίκων) [[ser el agresor]] ἀμυνόμενος ἄρχοντα χειρῶν πρότερον Pl.<i>Lg</i>.869c, cf. Isoc.20.1, Antipho 4.2.1, 2, Plb.2.45.6, <i>PHal</i>.1.204 (III a.C.)<br /><b class="num">•</b>abs. [[iniciar el ataque]] u [[iniciar las hostilidades]] ἄρχε· σὺ γὰρ ... νεώτερος <i>Il</i>.21.439, ἦρχε γὰρ Ἄρης ... [[ἔγχος]] ἔχων <i>Il</i>.21.391, cf. 437, πολεμοῦνται σαφῶς ὁποτέρων ἀρξάντων Th.4.20<br /><b class="num">•</b>op. a la v. med. πολέμου δὲ οὐκ ἄρξομεν, ἀρχομένους δὲ ἀμυνούμεθα no iniciaremos la guerra, pero si ellos la promueven, nos defenderemos</i> Th.1.144<br /><b class="num">•</b>en v. med. μηδὲ φυγῆς ... ἄρχεσθε μηδὲ φόβου Tyrt.6.16;<br /><b class="num">b)</b> de bienes y males (frec. c. dat. de interés) [[comenzar]], [[ser el principio]] τοῦ παντὸς κακοῦ A.<i>Pers</i>.353, μυρίης κακότητος Hdt.6.67, cf. Th.2.12, τῶν ἀδικημάτων Hdt.1.2, cf. S.<i>Tr</i>.872, Is.6.21, τῇ πόλει ... ἀνομίας Th.2.53, τῆς σωτηρίας Pl.<i>Lg</i>.707c, στάσιος ἀρξεῖν <i>ICr</i>.1.9.1B.61 (Dreros III a.C.), ἐλευθερίας τῇ Ἑλλάδι X.<i>HG</i> 2.2.23, ἄρχειν τῆς ἡμέρας καὶ νυκτός [[LXX]] <i>Ge</i>.1.18<br /><b class="num">•</b>en v. med. πεπρωμένοι ἤρχετο μόροιο κᾶρυξ Pi.<i>Fr</i>.140a.67 (dud.), c. ac. τείσας ἅπερ ἦρξεν A.<i>A</i>.1529, λυπηρόν τι S.<i>El</i>.552, ὕβριν S.<i>Fr</i>.368;<br /><b class="num">c)</b> de la palabra y el canto [[comenzar]], [[iniciar]] τοῖσι δὲ μύθων ἦρχε πατὴρ ἀνδρῶν τε θεῶν τε <i>Il</i>.22.167, 24.103, <i>Od</i>.1.28, ἦρχον ἐγὼ μύθοιο <i>Il</i>.11.781, Ϝεπέων Alcm.27.2, γόοιο del lamento ritual <i>Il</i>.24.723, de géneros escritos τῆς σπουδαίας ἐπιστολῆς θεὸς ἄρχει (la palabra) «dios» comienza una carta seria</i> Pl.<i>Ep</i>.363b, cf. 317b, τοῦ βυβλίου Epicur.<i>Fr</i>.[94] 2, c. ac. ὕμνον Pi.<i>N</i>.3.10<br /><b class="num">•</b>abs. οἱ δ' ᾤμωξαν ..., ἦρχε δὲ [[Ἀχιλλεύς]] <i>Il</i>.23.12<br /><b class="num">•</b>en v. med. τοῖσι ... ἤρχετο μύθων <i>Od</i>.1.367, τοῦ λόγου δὲ ἤρχετο ὧδε así comenzaba su discurso</i> X.<i>An</i>.3.2.7, ἀοιδῆς Hes.<i>Th</i>.48, Stesich.101, φιλίων δ' ἐπέων Pi.<i>P</i>.4.30, cf. <i>Lyr.Adesp</i>.20d, ῥαπτῶν ἐπέων Pi.<i>N</i>.2.3<br /><b class="num">•</b>del baile τῇσι δὲ ... ἄρχετο μολπῆς <i>Od</i>.6.101<br /><b class="num">•</b>abs. [[iniciar]], [[comenzar el canto]] del aedo ὁ δ' ὁρμηθεὶς θεοῦ ἤρχετο impulsado por el dios comenzó el canto</i>, <i>Od</i>.8.499, ὅτ' ἄψ ἄρχοιτο καὶ ὀτρύνειαν ἀείδειν <i>Od</i>.8.90, ἀοιδοὶ ... ἀρχόμενοι δὲ Λίνον καὶ λήγοντες καλέουσιν Hes.<i>Fr</i>.305.4, cf. <i>h.Ap</i>.514, <i>Inc.Lesb</i>.19<br /><b class="num">•</b>[[comenzar a hablar]], [[tomar la palabra]] ἔα μ' ἐν οἷσιν ἠρξάμην permite que me quede en lo que dije al principio</i> S.<i>OC</i> 625;<br /><b class="num">d)</b> sólo en v. med., de otras actividades, gener. [[dar comienzo]] ἀρχόμενος τὰ πρῶτ' ἀρότου Hes.<i>Op</i>.467, ἀμήτου Hes.<i>Op</i>.384, σπέρματος Hes.<i>Op</i>.781 ρχσαντο τōν ἔργον comenzaron las obras</i>, <i>IG</i> 1<sup>3</sup>.472.4 (V a.C.), cf. Pi.<i>O</i>.6.3<br /><b class="num">•</b>esp. en part. [[ἀρχόμενος]], [[ἀρξάμενος]] = [[al empezar]] ἐς πλόον ἀρχόμενοι al comenzar la navegación</i> Pi.<i>P</i>.1.34, cf. X.<i>Eq</i>.4.2, <i>Cyn</i>.3.8, una enfermedad o tratamiento, Hp.<i>Acut</i>.46, ἦν Ἰησοῦς ἀρχόμενος ὡσεὶ ἐτῶν τριάκοντα tenía Jesús al empezar (su predicación) como treinta años</i>, <i>Eu.Luc</i>.3.23<br /><b class="num">•</b>esp. ref. a un tratado, una obra literaria, discurso, etc. ἀρχόμενος δὲ ἀπ' ἀρχῆς διεξήιε ... Hdt.1.116, ἀρξάμενος εὐθύς καθισταμένου (πολέμου) habiendo empezado (a redactar su historia) en cuanto empezó la guerra</i> Th.1.1, cf. X.<i>Eq</i>.9.3, Isoc.2.54, <i>Act.Ap</i>.11.4, X.Eph.5.7.7<br /><b class="num">•</b>ἐν τῷ ἄρχεσθαι al empezar (una ciencia) e.d. al considerar los principios generales</i> Aristox.<i>Harm</i>.55.4, cf. 6<br /><b class="num">•</b>en lit. crist. (οἱ) [[ἀρχόμενοι]] (los) [[principiantes]] o [[catecúmenos]] Origenes <i>Cels</i>.3.51 (p.247.9)<br /><b class="num">•</b>en perf. [[tener su principio]] op. a ‘[[ser eterno]]’, Gr.Naz.M.35.1221B;<br /><b class="num">e)</b> de comidas, ceremonias y fiestas que requieren cierto orden establecido [[empezar]], [[presidir]], [[inaugurar]] c. gen. σύ γ' ἄρχε θεοῖσι δόμοις [[ἔνι]] δαιτός tú (Temis) preside en los palacios el banquete para los dioses</i>, <i>Il</i>.15.95, c. dat. ἄρξαι σπονδαῖσιν Pi.<i>I</i>.6.37, abs. Ἀτρεΐδη, σὺ ἄρχε ref. a la preparación de una comida <i>Il</i>.9.69<br /><b class="num">•</b>en v. med. c. gen. πάντων ἀρχόμενος μελέων empezando (a cortar) todos los miembros (del animal)</i> <i>Od</i>.14.428, ἄρξασθαι ... κοινῆς τραπέζης E.<i>Io</i> 651, ἄρξασθαί τε πίθου (es el mejor día) para [[empezar]] un [[tonel]]</i> Hes.<i>Op</i>.815, cf. 368, c. ac. o ac. c. prep. Βάκχῳ τὰς τριετ<ε>ῖς ἀρχόμεναι θυμέλας al inaugurar las ceremonias trienales en honor de Baco</i> Posidipp.Epigr.37.4, ἄρχειν εἰς τὰ Θεσμοφόρια presidir en las Tesmoforias</i> Is.8.19.<br /><b class="num">2</b> c. part. e inf. [[comenzar]], [[empezar a]]<br /><b class="num">a)</b> c. part. χαλεπαίνων <i>Il</i>.2.378, ἔπος εἰπὼν ἀποθύμιον Hes.<i>Op</i>.709, ἀδικέων Hdt.4.119<br /><b class="num">•</b>en v. med. ἄρχεσθαι ἐπιδέοντα ἀπὸ τοῦ οἰδήματος Hp.<i>Fract</i>.27, ἐπεὰν ... ἄρχηται διακινεύμενος Hdt.3.108, ἐπαινοῦντες Pl.<i>Mx</i>.237a, διαλεγόμενοι Pl.<i>Tht</i>.187a, διδάσκων X.<i>Cyr</i>.8.8.2, ἡ ψυχὴ ... ἄρχεται ἀπολείπουσα X.<i>Cyr</i>.8.7.26;<br /><b class="num">b)</b> c. inf. βουλῆς ἐξ ἦρχε νέεσθαι <i>Il</i>.2.84, cf. 13.329, ὣς ... ἄρξωσι πρότεροι ὑπὲρ ὅρκια δηλήσασθαι <i>Il</i>.4.66, 70, νέκυας φορέειν <i>Od</i>.22.437, ἐμ' [[ἀτιμάζειν]] ἄρχει <i>h.Ap</i>.312, μέλος ... ἄρχε παρσένοις ἀείδην Alcm.14(a)3, στρατεύεσθαι Hdt.1.4, νόμους τίθεσθαι Pl.<i>R</i>.359a, ἐπαινεῖν Pl.<i>Phdr</i>.241e<br /><b class="num">•</b>en v. med. ὑφαίνειν ἤρχετο μῆτιν <i>Il</i>.7.324, νῆας πήγνυσθαι Hes.<i>Op</i>.809, cf. Th.1.5, Δήμητρ' ... ἄρχομαι ἀείδειν <i>h.Cer</i>.1.431, cf. Pi.<i>Fr</i>.89a.1, <i>Lyr.Adesp</i>.20e, Th.6.46, Ar.<i>Eq</i>.1264, Plb.2.1.2, <i>IM</i> 163.4 (I/II d.C.), τέττιξ ... ἀείδειν ἄρχεται Hes.<i>Sc</i>.395, πολεμεῖν Th.1.25, οἰκοβομεῖν Th.1.103, μανθάνειν X.<i>Mem</i>.3.5.22, λαλῆσαι [[LXX]] <i>Ge</i>.18.27, λέγειν <i>Eu.Matt</i>.11.7<br /><b class="num">•</b>en un uso pleonástico, calco de sintagmas semíticos ὧν ἤρξατο ὁ Ἰησοῦς ποιεῖν <i>Act.Ap</i>.1.1.<br /><b class="num">II</b> sólo en v. med., c. gen., adv. o constr. prep. de origen<br /><b class="num">a)</b> c. rég. de n. de pers. [[empezar por]] σεο <i>Il</i>.9.97, esp. c. n. de dioses o héroes al inicio de poemas o himnos Μουσάων ἀρχώμεθα Hes.<i>Th</i>.36, cf. <i>h.Hom</i>.25.1, Διὸς ἀρχόμεναι Pi.<i>N</i>.5.25, ὁπλοτέρων ἀνδρῶν ἀρχώμεθα <i>Epigoni</i> 1, ἐκ Διὸς ἀρχομένα Alcm.29, ἀπὸ παιδίων Hdt.3.12, ἀρξάμενος ἀπό σου Pl.<i>Grg</i>.471c, cf. D.18.297, <i>Eu.Matt</i>.20.8, <i>Eu.Luc</i>.24.27, ἀφ' Ἑστίας ἀρχόμενος empezando por [[Hestia]]</i> e.d. «empezando por el principio» pues a Hestia se hacía la primera [[libación]], Ar.<i>V</i>.846<br /><b class="num">•</b>c. el gen. de origen e inf. ἀπὸ τῶν πατέρων ἄρχονται καταφρονεῖν τῶν γεραιτέρων X.<i>Mem</i>.3.5.15<br /><b class="num">•</b>tb. c. dat. Ἑστίῃ ἀρχόμενος <i>h.Hom</i>.29.6;<br /><b class="num">b)</b> c. rég. de n. de lugar o indicación local [[partir de]], [[comenzar desde]] τοῦ χώρου ὅθεν τε περ οἰνοχοεύει <i>Od</i>.21.142, Δωδωνάθεν Pi.<i>N</i>.4.53, [[ἄνωθεν]] τοῦ στρατοπέδου Hdt.1.75, πόθεν ἄρξομαι; Gorg.B 11a.4, (ἰητρικὴ) πόθεν ποτὲ ἦρκται Hp.<i>VM</i> 5, πόθεν ἄρχεται τὰ ἀναφυσήματα Plb.34.11.18, ἐκ δὲ τοῦ ἀρχόμενος habiendo empezado a partir de aquí</i>, <i>Od</i>.23.199, ἐκ μυχοῦ ... ἐς τὴν εὐρέαν θάλασσαν Hdt.2.11, cf. 2.22, ἄρχεσθαι ἐκ τοῦ ὑγιέω empezar desde la parte sana</i> Hp.<i>Off</i>.11, ἀφ' ἱερῶν ἠργμένη ([[ἀρχή]]) Pl.<i>Lg</i>.771a<br /><b class="num">•</b>esp. para indicar los límites ἀρξάμενοι ἀπὸ τῆς λιβικῆς γωνίας τοῦ πύργου <i>PRyl</i>.156.14 (I d.C.), ἀπο τοῦ προπυλαίου <i>SIG</i> 969.5 (Atenas IV a.C.), cf. <i>PTeb</i>.526 (II d.C.), ἀρχομένου νότου εἰς βορρᾶ (<i>sic</i>), <i>PRyl</i>.157.7 (II d.C.);<br /><b class="num">c)</b> c. rég. de n. que significan un estadio temporal, c. prep. [[empezar desde]], [[a partir de]] ἐκ παιδῶν empezando de niños</i> Pl.<i>R</i>.408d, cf. <i>Thg</i>.128d, ἀπὸ τῆς ἕω ἀρξάμενος [[ἄχρι]] πρὸς ἑσπέραν Luc.<i>Somn</i>.15, ἀπὸ τούτων ἠρξάμεθα τῶν καιρῶν Plb.4.2.4, cf. 6.54.1, c. fechas y numerales μέχρι τῶν [[δώδεκα]] ἀπὸ μιᾶς ἀρξάμενος Pl.<i>Lg</i>.771c, ἀπὸ ἑκατοστῆς ... Ὀλυμπιάδος Plb.3.1.11.<br /><b class="num">III</b> c. suj. de abstr.<br /><b class="num">1</b> gener. [[tener principio]], [[empezar]], [[comenzar]]<br /><b class="num">a)</b> ἄρχει μὲν ἀγών empieza la [[competición]]</i>, <i>Carm.Pop</i>.17, ἄρξαντος αὐτοῦ (πολέμου) Th.1.23, 2.1, νῦν δὲ ἦρξε μὲν ἡμῖν ἐκ μουσικῆς ἡ ... [[δόξα]] ahora bien, entre nosotros la creencia ... tuvo su origen en la música</i> Pl.<i>Lg</i>.701a<br /><b class="num">•</b>tb. en v. med. [[ἅμα]] πρῶτοις ἄρξεται καὶ τερτάτοις empezará (la ruina de una ciudad) junto con la primera y tercera generación</i> Pi.<i>O</i>.8.45 (dud.), ἡ νόσος ... ἤρξατο γενέσθαι τοῖς Ἀθηναῖοις Th.2.49, cf. Hp.<i>Prog</i>.15;<br /><b class="num">b)</b> de fenómenos naturales que marcan divisiones temporales τὸ θέρος ἦρξε τοῦ ἐνδεκάτου ἔτους Th.5.24<br /><b class="num">•</b>esp. en v. med. [[ἅμα]] ἦρι ἀρχομένῳ al [[comienzo]] de la [[primavera]]</i> Th.2.2, cf. Plb.1.36.10, ἤρχετο τὰ κατὰ τὴν ἄμποτιν Plb.10.14.8.<br /><b class="num">2</b> de tratados, leyes, c. indicación temp. expresa [[comenzar a regir]], [[regir]] τὴν ἐκεχειρίαν ἄρχειν τήνδε τὴν ἡμέραν Th.4.118, cf. <i>Thasos</i> 1.18.5, 13 (V/IV a.C.), ἄρχɛ̄ν δὲ τὸν χρόνον τōν σπονδōν τō Μεταγειτνιōνος μɛ̄νὸς ἀπὸ διχομενίας <i>IG</i> 1<sup>3</sup>.6B.17, cf. 402.14 (ambas V a.C.), χρόνος ὅντινα [[δεῖ]] ἄρχειν ley en D.24.42, ἄρχει τῶν σπονδῶν ἔφορος Πλειστόλας comienza el tratado el éforo Plístolas</i> e.d. comienza a regir a partir del eforado de Plístolas</i> Th.5.19.<br /><b class="num">3</b> en series gráficas, numéricas [[empezar]] ἀφ' ἧς ἂν πλευρᾶς ἄρξῃ τὸ [[ἄλφα]] Aen.Tact.31.28, [[τὸ ἄρχον]] = [[el principio]]</i> op. [[τὸ ἑπόμενον]] Dam.<i>in Prm</i>.234.<br /><b class="num">4</b> gram. [[ἡ ἄρχουσα]]  (συλλαβή) [[sílaba inicial]]</i> A.D.<i>Synt</i>.130.13, cf. 24<br /><b class="num">•</b>τὸ ἄρχον el radical</i> A.D.<i>Pron</i>.22.6.<br /><b class="num">• Diccionario Micénico:</b> <i>a-ke-qe</i> (??).<br /><b class="num">• Etimología:</b> Et. desconocida, a no ser que proceda de *<i>ser-gh</i>- ‘[[proteger]]’ cf. [[ὄρχαμος]], gót. <i>saúrgan</i>, lit. <i>sargá</i> c. un cambio de sent. hacia ‘[[ser el primero]]’, ‘[[guiar]]’.
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|btext=<i>impf.</i> ἦρχον, <i>f.</i> ἄρξω, <i>ao.</i> [[ἦρξα]], <i>pf.</i> [[ἦρχα]];<br /><i>Pass. f.</i> ἀρχθήσομαι, <i>ao.</i> [[ἤρχθην]], <i>pf.</i> [[ἦργμαι]];<br /><b>I.</b> [[être le premier]] ; <i>d'où</i><br /><b>1</b> [[aller en tête]], [[montrer le chemin]], [[guider]] : ἄ. ὁδόν τινι OD, ἄ. ὁδοῖο OD, ἄ. τινὶ κατὰ [[κέλευθα]] OD montrer le chemin à qqn ; <i>abs.</i> guider, conduire;<br /><b>2</b> [[commander]], [[être le chef]] ; ἄ. τινός, <i>rar.</i> τινί : commander à qqn, régner sur (une cité, un peuple, <i>etc.</i>) ; avec un dat. : ἄρχε Μυρμιδόνεσσι μάχεσθαι IL il était le chef des Myrmidons pour le combat ; ἄρχειν ἔν τισι IL commander à (des guerriers, à un peuple, <i>etc.</i>) ; <i>abs., en parl. de choses</i> prévaloir, dominer : [[σέο]] δ’ [[ἕξεται]] [[ὄττι]] κεν ἄρξῃ IL c'est toi qui devras décider quel avis doit prévaloir (<i>sel. d'autres</i>, c'est toi qui devras décider, quelle que soit la mesure dont un autre aura pris l'initiative) ; ἀρχὴν ἄρχειν exercer un commandement, une charge ; <i>Pass.</i> ἄρχεσθαι [[ὑπό]] τινος HDT, [[ὑπό]] τινι HDT, ἔκ τινος SOPH être soumis à qqn ; οἱ ἀρχόμενοι les sujets;<br /><b>II.</b> [[faire le premier]] <i>ou</i> pour la première fois, <i>d'où</i><br /><b>1</b> commencer, prendre l'initiative de, faire le premier, gén. : ἄ. μύθων OD, λόγου XÉN prendre le premier la parole ; ἄ. πολέμου THC engager une guerre, commencer les hostilités ; τῶν ἀδικημάτων HDT être le premier à commettre des violences ; <i>rar. avec l'acc.</i> ἄ. λυπηρόν τι SOPH être le premier à commettre qqe méfait ; avec un part. : ἦρχον χαλεπαίνων IL c'est moi qui me fâchai le premier ; ἢν ἄρξῃ ἀδικέων HDT s'il est le premier à nous attaquer injustement;<br /><b>2</b> [[se mettre à]], [[commencer]] : δαιτὸς θεοῖσιν ἄ. IL préparer un repas pour les dieux ; τοῖσι μύθων ἦρχε IL il commença à leur parler ; <i>avec un suj. de chose</i> : [[ἡμῖν]] [[οὐ]] σμικρῶν κακῶν ἦρξεν τὸ [[δῶρον]] SOPH ce présent a été pour nous l'origine de maux bien graves ; ἦρξε τῇ πόλει ἀνομίας τὸ [[νόσημα]] THC la maladie fut pour la cité le commencement du désordre ; avec un inf. : ἄ. ἀγορεύειν, νέεσθαι, [[ἴμεν]] IL commencer à parler, à revenir, à aller ; avec un part. : ἦρχε [[κιών]] IL il commença d'aller;<br /><i><b>Moy.</b></i> v. [[ἄρχομαι]].<br />'''Étymologie:''' R. Ἀρχ diriger = <i>lat.</i> rego, avec métathèse ; cf. [[ἁρπάζω]] et rapio.
|btext=<i>impf.</i> ἦρχον, <i>f.</i> ἄρξω, <i>ao.</i> [[ἦρξα]], <i>pf.</i> [[ἦρχα]];<br /><i>Pass. f.</i> ἀρχθήσομαι, <i>ao.</i> [[ἤρχθην]], <i>pf.</i> [[ἦργμαι]];<br /><b>I.</b> [[être le premier]] ; <i>d'où</i><br /><b>1</b> [[aller en tête]], [[montrer le chemin]], [[guider]] : ἄ. ὁδόν τινι OD, ἄ. ὁδοῖο OD, ἄ. τινὶ κατὰ [[κέλευθα]] OD montrer le chemin à qqn ; <i>abs.</i> guider, conduire;<br /><b>2</b> [[commander]], [[être le chef]] ; ἄ. τινός, <i>rar.</i> τινί : commander à qqn, régner sur (une cité, un peuple, <i>etc.</i>) ; avec un dat. : ἄρχε Μυρμιδόνεσσι μάχεσθαι IL il était le chef des Myrmidons pour le combat ; ἄρχειν ἔν τισι IL commander à (des guerriers, à un peuple, <i>etc.</i>) ; <i>abs., en parl. de choses</i> prévaloir, dominer : [[σέο]] δ' [[ἕξεται]] [[ὄττι]] κεν ἄρξῃ IL c'est toi qui devras décider quel avis doit prévaloir (<i>sel. d'autres</i>, c'est toi qui devras décider, quelle que soit la mesure dont un autre aura pris l'initiative) ; ἀρχὴν ἄρχειν exercer un commandement, une charge ; <i>Pass.</i> ἄρχεσθαι [[ὑπό]] τινος HDT, [[ὑπό]] τινι HDT, ἔκ τινος SOPH être soumis à qqn ; οἱ ἀρχόμενοι les sujets;<br /><b>II.</b> [[faire le premier]] <i>ou</i> pour la première fois, <i>d'où</i><br /><b>1</b> commencer, prendre l'initiative de, faire le premier, gén. : ἄ. μύθων OD, λόγου XÉN prendre le premier la parole ; ἄ. πολέμου THC engager une guerre, commencer les hostilités ; τῶν ἀδικημάτων HDT être le premier à commettre des violences ; <i>rar. avec l'acc.</i> ἄ. λυπηρόν τι SOPH être le premier à commettre qqe méfait ; avec un part. : ἦρχον χαλεπαίνων IL c'est moi qui me fâchai le premier ; ἢν ἄρξῃ ἀδικέων HDT s'il est le premier à nous attaquer injustement;<br /><b>2</b> [[se mettre à]], [[commencer]] : δαιτὸς θεοῖσιν ἄ. IL préparer un repas pour les dieux ; τοῖσι μύθων ἦρχε IL il commença à leur parler ; <i>avec un suj. de chose</i> : [[ἡμῖν]] [[οὐ]] σμικρῶν κακῶν ἦρξεν τὸ [[δῶρον]] SOPH ce présent a été pour nous l'origine de maux bien graves ; ἦρξε τῇ πόλει ἀνομίας τὸ [[νόσημα]] THC la maladie fut pour la cité le commencement du désordre ; avec un inf. : ἄ. ἀγορεύειν, νέεσθαι, [[ἴμεν]] IL commencer à parler, à revenir, à aller ; avec un part. : ἦρχε [[κιών]] IL il commença d'aller;<br /><i><b>Moy.</b></i> v. [[ἄρχομαι]].<br />'''Étymologie:''' R. Ἀρχ diriger = <i>lat.</i> rego, avec métathèse ; cf. [[ἁρπάζω]] et rapio.
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|sltr=[[ἄρχω]] (ἄρχει; ἄρχε; ἄρχειν: impf. ἆρχε: aor. [[ἄρξαι]]: med. ἄρχονται; ἀρχομένου, -μενοι, -μένοις, -μεναι: fut. ἄρξεται dub.: impf. ἄρχετο: aor. ἄρξατο.) <br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>1</b> [[act]]., [[rule]] <br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>a</b> abs. ἇς [[Οἰνόμαος]] ἆρχε (O. 10.51) <br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>b</b> c. dat. [[ἤθελον]] Χίρωνά κε [[ζώειν]] βάσσαισί τ' ἄρχειν Παλίου (P. 3.4) <br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>c</b> c. gen. “[[βασιλεύς]], [[ὅστις]] ἄρχει [[ναός]]” [[Jason]] (P. 4.230) [Ἐλέλιχθον, ἄρχεις ὃς ἱππιᾶν ἐσόδων (coni. Bowra: ὀργαῖς πάσαις ὃς ἱππείαν ἔσοδον codd.) (P. 6.50) ]<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b> [[act]]. and med., [[begin]] <br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>a</b> abs. ἀρχομένου δ' ἔργου [[πρόσωπον]] χρὴ [[θέμεν]] τηλαυγές (O. 6.3) “[[ἅμα]] πρώτοις ἄρξεται” (codd.: ῥάξεται coni. Wil.: loc. susp., cf. von der Mühll, M. H., 1964, 50f.) (O. 8.45) καὶ [[πόθεν]] ἀθαν[άτων [[ἔρις]] ἄ]ρξατο (supp. Bury) Πα. . . τί [[κάλλιον]] ἀρχομένοις ἢ καταπαυομένοισιν ἢ βαθύζωνόν τε Λατὼ [[ἀεῖσαι]]; ([[varia lectio|v.l.]] -ομένοισιν) fr. 89a. 1.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>b</b> c. acc. ἄρχε δ' οὐρανοῦ πολυνεφέλα κρέοντι, θύγατερ, δόκιμον ὕμνον (N. 3.10) <br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>c</b> c. gen. “[[φιλίων]] δ' ἐπέων ἄρχετο” ([[varia lectio|v.l.]] ἄρχεται.) (P. 4.30) [[ὅθεν]] περ καὶ Ὁμηρίδαι ῥαπτῶν ἐπέων τὰ πόλλ' ἀοιδοὶ ἄρχονται, Διὸς ἐκ προοιμίου (N. 2.3) βουβόται [[τόθι]] πρῶνες ἔξοχοι κατάκεινται Δωδώναθεν ἀρχόμενοι πρὸς Ἰόνιον πόρον (N. 4.53) αἱ δὲ πρώτιστον μὲν ὕμνησαν Διὸς ἀρχόμεναι σεμνὰν Θέτιν (''[[sc.]]'' Μοῖσαι) (N. 5.25) [[[ὅτε]] Λαομέδοντι πεπρωμένοἰ ἤρχετο μόροιο [[κάρυξ]] (expectes ἄρχ-, Snell:? [[was]] a [[beginning]] [[for]] ) fr. 140a. 67 (41). v. [[ἔρχομαι]]]<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>d</b> c. dat., [[begin]] [[with]] τὸν μὲν ἐν ῥινῷ λέοντος στάντα κελήσατο νεκταρέαις σπονδαῖσιν [[ἄρξαι]] καρτεραίχμαν Ἀμφιτρυωνιάδαν (I. 6.37) <br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>e</b> [[begin]], [[start]] [[upon]] ναυσιφορήτοις δ' [[ἀνδράσι]] πρώτα [[χάρις]] ἐς πλόον ἀρχομένοις πομπαῖον [[ἐλθεῖν]] [[οὖρον]] ([[varia lectio|v.l.]] ἐρχομένοις) (P. 1.34) <br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>f</b> frag. ]ἀρχομ[ Πα. 7B. 8.
|sltr=[[ἄρχω]] (ἄρχει; ἄρχε; ἄρχειν: impf. ἆρχε: aor. [[ἄρξαι]]: med. ἄρχονται; ἀρχομένου, -μενοι, -μένοις, -μεναι: fut. ἄρξεται dub.: impf. ἄρχετο: aor. ἄρξατο.) <br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>1</b> act., [[rule]] <br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>a</b> abs. ἇς [[Οἰνόμαος]] ἆρχε (O. 10.51) <br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>b</b> c. dat. [[ἤθελον]] Χίρωνά κε [[ζώειν]] βάσσαισί τ' ἄρχειν Παλίου (P. 3.4) <br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>c</b> c. gen. “[[βασιλεύς]], [[ὅστις]] ἄρχει [[ναός]]” [[Jason]] (P. 4.230) [Ἐλέλιχθον, ἄρχεις ὃς ἱππιᾶν ἐσόδων (coni. Bowra: ὀργαῖς πάσαις ὃς ἱππείαν ἔσοδον codd.) (P. 6.50) ]<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b> act. and med., [[begin]] <br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>a</b> abs. ἀρχομένου δ' ἔργου [[πρόσωπον]] χρὴ [[θέμεν]] τηλαυγές (O. 6.3) “[[ἅμα]] πρώτοις ἄρξεται” (codd.: ῥάξεται coni. Wil.: loc. susp., cf. von der Mühll, M. H., 1964, 50f.) (O. 8.45) καὶ [[πόθεν]] ἀθαν[άτων [[ἔρις]] ἄ]ρξατο (supp. Bury) Πα. . . τί [[κάλλιον]] ἀρχομένοις ἢ καταπαυομένοισιν ἢ βαθύζωνόν τε Λατὼ [[ἀεῖσαι]]; ([[varia lectio|v.l.]] -ομένοισιν) fr. 89a. 1.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>b</b> c. acc. ἄρχε δ' οὐρανοῦ πολυνεφέλα κρέοντι, θύγατερ, δόκιμον ὕμνον (N. 3.10) <br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>c</b> c. gen. “[[φιλίων]] δ' ἐπέων ἄρχετο” ([[varia lectio|v.l.]] ἄρχεται.) (P. 4.30) [[ὅθεν]] περ καὶ Ὁμηρίδαι ῥαπτῶν ἐπέων τὰ πόλλ' ἀοιδοὶ ἄρχονται, Διὸς ἐκ προοιμίου (N. 2.3) βουβόται [[τόθι]] πρῶνες ἔξοχοι κατάκεινται Δωδώναθεν ἀρχόμενοι πρὸς Ἰόνιον πόρον (N. 4.53) αἱ δὲ πρώτιστον μὲν ὕμνησαν Διὸς ἀρχόμεναι σεμνὰν Θέτιν (''[[sc.]]'' Μοῖσαι) (N. 5.25) [[[ὅτε]] Λαομέδοντι πεπρωμένοἰ ἤρχετο μόροιο [[κάρυξ]] (expectes ἄρχ-, Snell:? [[was]] a [[beginning]] [[for]] ) fr. 140a. 67 (41). v. [[ἔρχομαι]]]<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>d</b> c. dat., [[begin]] [[with]] τὸν μὲν ἐν ῥινῷ λέοντος στάντα κελήσατο νεκταρέαις σπονδαῖσιν [[ἄρξαι]] καρτεραίχμαν Ἀμφιτρυωνιάδαν (I. 6.37) <br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>e</b> [[begin]], [[start]] [[upon]] ναυσιφορήτοις δ' [[ἀνδράσι]] πρώτα [[χάρις]] ἐς πλόον ἀρχομένοις πομπαῖον [[ἐλθεῖν]] [[οὖρον]] ([[varia lectio|v.l.]] ἐρχομένοις) (P. 1.34) <br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>f</b> frag. ]ἀρχομ[ Πα. 7B. 8.
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|mdlsjtxt=[pf. [[pass]]. [[ἦργμαι]] only in mid. [[sense]]<br />in [[pass]]. [[sense]]:— to be [[first]],<br /><b class="num">I.</b> of [[time]], to [[begin]], make a [[beginning]], [[both]] in Act. and Mid.:<br /><b class="num">1.</b> c. gen. to make a [[beginning]] of, πολέμοιο, μάχης, etc., Hom.; so Hdt. and [[attic]]:—Mid. also in a [[religious]] [[sense]], like ἀπάρχεσθαι, ἀρχόμενος μελέων [[beginning]] the [[sacrifice]] with the limbs, Od.; ἄρχειν σπονδῶν Thuc.<br /><b class="num">2.</b> c. gen. also to [[begin]] from or with, ἐν σοὶ μὲν λήξω σέο δ' ἄρξομαι Il.; so, ἄρχεσθαι ἔκ τινος Od.; ἀρξάμενοι ἀπὸ παιδίων [[even]] from [[boyhood]], Hdt.<br /><b class="num">3.</b> c. gen. rei et dat. pers., ἄρχ. θεοῖς [[δαιτός]] to make preparations for a [[banquet]] to the gods, Il.; τοῖσι δὲ μύθων ἦρχε Il., etc.<br /><b class="num">4.</b> c. acc., ἄρχειν ὁδόν τινι, like Lat. praeire viam alicui, to [[show]] him the way, Od.; absol. (sub. ὁδόν), to [[lead]] the way, Hom.; then [[generally]] ἄρχειν τι Aesch., Soph.<br /><b class="num">5.</b> c. inf. to [[begin]] to do a [[thing]], Hom., etc.; c. [[part]]. of continued [[action]] or [[condition]], ἦρχον χαλεπαίνων Il.; ἄρχ. διδάσκων Xen.<br /><b class="num">6.</b> absol., ἄρχε [[begin]]! Hom.; ἄρχει ἡ [[ἐκεχειρία]] Thuc.; ἅμα ἦρι ἀρχομένωι, θέρους ἀρχομένου Thuc.<br /><b class="num">II.</b> of Authority, to [[lead]], [[rule]], [[govern]], only in Act.:<br /><b class="num">1.</b> c. gen. to [[rule]], be [[leader]] of . ., τινός Hom., [[Attic]]<br /><b class="num">2.</b> c. dat. to [[rule]] [[over]], Hom., Aesch.<br /><b class="num">3.</b> absol. to [[rule]], [[govern]], Aesch.: esp. to [[hold]] a [[subordinate]] [[office]], ὁκοῖον εἴη ἄρχειν μετὰ τὸ βασιλεύειν Hdt.:—at [[Athens]], to be [[archon]], Dem.; cf. [[ἄρχων]].<br /><b class="num">4.</b> Pass. to be ruled, governed, Hdt., [[attic]]; οἱ ἀρχόμενοι subjects, Xen.
|mdlsjtxt=[pf. [[pass]]. [[ἦργμαι]] only in mid. [[sense]]<br />in [[pass]]. [[sense]]:— to be [[first]],<br /><b class="num">I.</b> of [[time]], to [[begin]], make a [[beginning]], [[both]] in Act. and Mid.:<br /><b class="num">1.</b> c. gen. to make a [[beginning]] of, πολέμοιο, μάχης, etc., Hom.; so Hdt. and Attic:—Mid. also in a [[religious]] [[sense]], like ἀπάρχεσθαι, ἀρχόμενος μελέων [[beginning]] the [[sacrifice]] with the limbs, Od.; ἄρχειν σπονδῶν Thuc.<br /><b class="num">2.</b> c. gen. also to [[begin]] from or with, ἐν σοὶ μὲν λήξω σέο δ' ἄρξομαι Il.; so, ἄρχεσθαι ἔκ τινος Od.; ἀρξάμενοι ἀπὸ παιδίων [[even]] from [[boyhood]], Hdt.<br /><b class="num">3.</b> c. gen. rei et dat. pers., ἄρχ. θεοῖς [[δαιτός]] to make preparations for a [[banquet]] to the gods, Il.; τοῖσι δὲ μύθων ἦρχε Il., etc.<br /><b class="num">4.</b> c. acc., ἄρχειν ὁδόν τινι, like Lat. praeire viam alicui, to [[show]] him the way, Od.; absol. (sub. ὁδόν), to [[lead]] the way, Hom.; then [[generally]] ἄρχειν τι Aesch., Soph.<br /><b class="num">5.</b> c. inf. to [[begin]] to do a [[thing]], Hom., etc.; c. [[part]]. of continued [[action]] or [[condition]], ἦρχον χαλεπαίνων Il.; ἄρχ. διδάσκων Xen.<br /><b class="num">6.</b> absol., ἄρχε [[begin]]! Hom.; ἄρχει ἡ [[ἐκεχειρία]] Thuc.; ἅμα ἦρι ἀρχομένωι, θέρους ἀρχομένου Thuc.<br /><b class="num">II.</b> of Authority, to [[lead]], [[rule]], [[govern]], only in Act.:<br /><b class="num">1.</b> c. gen. to [[rule]], be [[leader]] of . ., τινός Hom., [[Attic]]<br /><b class="num">2.</b> c. dat. to [[rule]] [[over]], Hom., Aesch.<br /><b class="num">3.</b> absol. to [[rule]], [[govern]], Aesch.: esp. to [[hold]] a [[subordinate]] [[office]], ὁκοῖον εἴη ἄρχειν μετὰ τὸ βασιλεύειν Hdt.:—at [[Athens]], to be [[archon]], Dem.; cf. [[ἄρχων]].<br /><b class="num">4.</b> Pass. to be ruled, governed, Hdt., Attic; οἱ ἀρχόμενοι subjects, Xen.
}}
}}
{{FriskDe
{{FriskDe
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{{elmes
{{elmes
|esmgtx=[[gobernar]] de la Osa Mayor ἄρκτε, θεὰ μεγίστη, ἄρχουσα οὐρανοῦ <b class="b3">Osa, diosa mayor, que gobiernas el cielo</b> P IV 1301 P VII 687 P LXXII 18 de Dios, en pap. crist. δόξα σοι, ὁ θεὸς, ... <ὁ> Αἰώνων ἄρχων <b class="b3">gloria a ti, Dios, que gobiernas sobre los Eones</b> C 23 14  
|esmgtx=[[gobernar]] de la Osa Mayor ἄρκτε, θεὰ μεγίστη, ἄρχουσα οὐρανοῦ <b class="b3">Osa, diosa mayor, que gobiernas el cielo</b> P IV 1301 P VII 687 P LXXII 18 de Dios, en pap. crist. δόξα σοι, ὁ θεὸς, ... <ὁ> Αἰώνων ἄρχων <b class="b3">gloria a ti, Dios, que gobiernas sobre los Eones</b> C 23 14  
}}
{{lxth
|lthtxt=''[[incipere]]'', to [[begin]], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:5.118.12/ 5.118.12], [<i>in multis codd.</i> <i>in many manuscripts</i> ἀρχὴν] [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:5.19.1/ 5.19.1], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:5.24.2/ 5.24.2],<br>''[[initium facere]], [[auctorem esse]]'', to [[make a beginning]], [[be originator]], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:1.49.4/ 1.49.4], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:1.52.2/ 1.52.2], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:1.53.2/ 1.53.2],<br><i>item Ib.</i> <i>likewise there</i> 4 <i>et</i> <i>and</i> [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:Thuc.%201.78.4/ 1.78.4], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:Thuc.%201.81.5/ 1.81.5], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:Thuc.%201.144.2/ 1.144.2], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:2.12.3/ 2.12.3], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:2.53.1/ 2.53.1], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:4.20.2/ 4.20.2], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:4.73.2/ 4.73.2], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:Thuc.%204.73.4/ 4.73.4], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:4.92.5/ 4.92.5], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:6.56.2/ 6.56.2], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:6.66.1/ 6.66.1], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:7.5.2/ 7.5.2], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:7.6.1/ 7.6.1],<br>''[[cum imperio esse]], [[magistratum gerere]]'', to [[be in office]], [[hold a magistracy]], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:1.20.2/ 1.20.2], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:1.93.3/ 1.93.3],<br>''[[Archon fuit]]'', [[he was Archon]]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:1.129.1/ 1.129.1], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:5.34.2/ 5.34.2], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:5.36.1/ 5.36.1], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:6.38.5/ 6.38.5], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:6.39.1/ 6.39.1], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:6.54.6/ 6.54.6],<br>''[[Archontes fuerunt]]'', [[they were Archons]]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:6.55.1/ 6.55.1], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:8.64.2/ 8.64.2], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:8.67.3/ 8.67.3], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:8.74.1/ 8.74.1], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:8.86.3/ 8.86.3], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:Thuc.%208.86.6/ 8.86.6], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:8.92.11/ 8.92.11], <i>Ibid.</i> <i>in the same place</i><br>''[[imperare]], [[regere]], [[praeesse]]'', to [[rule]], [[govern]], [[be in charge]], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:1.138.5/ 1.138.5], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:4.126.2/ 4.126.2], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:5.52.1/ 5.52.1], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:6.14.1/ 6.14.1], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:6.38.2/ 6.38.2], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:7.31.4/ 7.31.4], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:8.67.3/ 8.67.3], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:8.90.5/ 8.90.5],<br>''[[arbitrum esse]]'', to [[act as judge]], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:8.90.4/ 8.90.4],<br><i>Transl.</i> <i>translate</i> [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:4.64.1/ 4.64.1],<br>''[[ducem esse]]'', to [[be a leader]], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:1.47.1/ 1.47.1], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:1.48.3/ 1.48.3]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:1.51.4/ 1.51.4]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:2.33.1/ 2.33.1], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:2.80.4/ 2.80.4], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:3.76.1/ 3.76.1], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:3.100.2/ 3.100.2], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:3.105.3/ 3.105.3]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:3.115.2/ 3.115.2]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:4.8.9/ 4.8.9]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:4.27.5/ 4.27.5], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:4.38.1/ 4.38.1], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:4.67.1/ 4.67.1]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:4.110.2/ 4.110.2]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:5.116.3/ 5.116.3]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:6.8.4/ 6.8.4], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:6.12.2/ 6.12.2]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:Thuc.%206.12.2/ 6.12.2][https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:6.16.1/ 6.16.1]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:6.29.1/ 6.29.1]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:6.42.1/ 6.42.1],<br>''[[imperatu]].'', [[at command]]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:6.72.5/ 6.72.5], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:6.96.3/ 6.96.3]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:6.105.2/ 6.105.2], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:7.7.1/ 7.7.1]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:7.14.2/ 7.14.2],<br>''[[imperatu]]'', [[by order]], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:Thuc.%207.19.3/ 7.19.3]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:Thuc.%207.19.4/ 7.19.4]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:Thuc.%207.34.2/ 7.34.2], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:Thuc.%207.14.3/ 7.14.3]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:Thuc.%207.70.1/ 7.70.1], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:8.13.1/ 8.13.1]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:8.15.1/ 8.15.1]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:8.16.3/ 8.16.3]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:8.22.1/ 8.22.1]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:8.23.1/ 8.23.1]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:8.35.1/ 8.35.1]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:8.80.3/ 8.80.3]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:8.91.2/ 8.91.2].<br>''[[imperium]]'', [[command]], [[rule]] <i>s.</i> <i>supply</i> ''[[principatum habere]]'', to [[have first rank]], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:1.4.1/ 1.4.1], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:1.9.2/ 1.9.2]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:1.76.1/ 1.76.1], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:Thuc.%201.76.3/ 1.76.3], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:1.77.6/ 1.77.6]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:1.81.2/ 1.81.2], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:1.99.2/ 1.99.2], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:1.124.3/ 1.124.3]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:2.11.8/ 2.11.8], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:2.62.2/ 2.62.2], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:2.63.1/ 2.63.1], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:Thuc.%202.63.3/ 2.63.3], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:2.64.3/ 2.64.3], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:Thuc.%202.64.5/ 2.64.5], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:2.96.1/ 2.96.1], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:Thuc.%202.96.3/ 2.96.3], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:2.99.1/ 2.99.1], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:3.37.1/ 3.37.1], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:3.40.4/ 3.40.4]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:3.104.2/ 3.104.2], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:4.61.5/ 4.61.5]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:Thuc.%204.61.5/ 4.61.5][https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:5.18.7/ 5.18.7], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:Thuc.%205.18.7/ 5.18.7][https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:5.29.1/ 5.29.1], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:5.47.1/ 5.47.1]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:Thuc.%205.47.2/ 5.47.2]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:5.5.1/ 5.5.1]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:5.84.1/ 5.84.1]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:5.89.1/ 5.89.1]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:5.91.1/ 5.91.1], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:Thuc.%205.91.1/ 5.91.1][https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:Thuc.%205.91.2/ 5.91.2], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:5.92.1/ 5.92.1]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:5.97.1/ 5.97.1], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:5.105.2/ 5.105.2], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:6.6.1/ 6.6.1]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:6.11.1/ 6.11.1]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:Thuc.%206.11.2/ 6.11.2]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:6.18.2/ 6.18.2]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:6.18.3/ 6.18.3]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:Thuc.%206.18.3/ 6.18.3][https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:6.4.1/ 6.4.1], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:6.83.1/ 6.83.1]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:Thuc.%206.83.2/ 6.83.2]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:6.85.3/ 6.85.3], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:6.87.2/ 6.87.2], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:6.90.3/ 6.90.3], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:8.37.2/ 8.37.2], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:Thuc.%208.37.5/ 8.37.5], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:8.43.3/ 8.43.3], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:8.52.1/ 8.52.1], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:Thuc.%208.68.4/ 8.68.4]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:Thuc.%208.76.4/ 8.76.4]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:Thuc.%208.91.3/ 8.91.3],<br>PASS. ''[[sub imperio esse]]'', to [[be under command]], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:2.8.5/ 2.8.5], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:2.41.3/ 2.41.3], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:3.36.2/ 3.36.2], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:3.37.2/ 3.37.2], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:3.46.5/ 3.46.5], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:3.84.1/ 3.84.1], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:3.103.1/ 3.103.1], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:5.66.3/ 5.66.3], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:5.95.1/ 5.95.1], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:6.18.3/ 6.18.3],<br>MED. ''[[incipere]]'', to [[begin]], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:1.1.1/ 1.1.1], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:1.5.1/ 1.5.1], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:1.23.4/ 1.23.4], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:1.25.4/ 1.25.4], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:1.69.4/ 1.69.4], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:1.103.4/ 1.103.4], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:1.107.1/ 1.107.1], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:1.144.2/ 1.144.2], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:1.146.1/ 1.146.1], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:2.1.1/ 2.1.1], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:2.2.1/ 2.2.1], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:2.8.1/ 2.8.1], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:2.36.1/ 2.36.1], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:2.47.2/ 2.47.2], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:Thuc.%202.47.3/ 2.47.3], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:2.48.1/ 2.48.1], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:2.49.7/ 2.49.7]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:2.54.5/ 2.54.5]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:2.68.2/ 2.68.2], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:2.76.3/ 2.76.3], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:2.93.1/ 2.93.1],<br><i>similiter</i> <i>similarly</i> [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:Thuc.%202.95.1/ 2.95.1]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:3.11.3/ 3.11.3], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:3.17.1/ 3.17.1], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:3.18.3/ 3.18.3], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:Thuc.%203.18.5/ 3.18.5], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:3.86.2/ 3.86.2], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:3.92.6/ 3.92.6], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:4.64.1/ 4.64.1], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:4.69.2/ 4.69.2], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:4.85.1/ 4.85.1], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:4.89.1/ 4.89.1], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:4.90.3/ 4.90.3], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:4.132.1/ 4.132.1],<br><i>similiter</i> <i>similarly</i> [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:5.15.2/ 5.15.2]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:5.20.2/ 5.20.2], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:5.26.4/ 5.26.4], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:5.32.2/ 5.32.2], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:5.52.1/ 5.52.1]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:5.60.6/ 5.60.6]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:5.76.1/ 5.76.1]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:6.16.1/ 6.16.1], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:6.46.2/ 6.46.2],<br>''[[agressi sunt]].'', [[they attacked]]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:6.94.1/ 6.94.1], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:6.99.3/ 6.99.3],<br><i>similiter</i> <i>similarly</i> [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:Thuc.%206.101.2/ 6.101.2]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:Thuc.%206.103.1/ 6.103.1]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:7.4.1/ 7.4.1], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:7.19.1/ 7.19.1]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:7.20.1/ 7.20.1]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:8.5.1/ 8.5.1], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:8.22.1/ 8.22.1]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:8.61.1/ 8.61.1], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:8.72.2/ 8.72.2], [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:8.104.2/ 8.104.2]. [https://scaife.perseus.org/reader/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0003.tlg001.perseus-grc2:8.105.2/ 8.105.2].
}}
}}
{{trml
{{trml
|trtx====begin===
|trtx====[[begin]]===
Afrikaans: begin; Albanian: nis, filloj; Arabic: بَدَأَ‎, اِبْتَدَأَ‎, شَرَعَ‎; Hijazi Arabic: بدأ‎, بدا‎; Armenian: սկսել; Aromanian: ahurhescu, ãnchisescu, apãrnjescu, ntsep; Asturian: entamar, empezar, comenzar, aniciar; Azerbaijani: başlamaq; Bashkir: башлау, баштау; Basque: hasi; Belarusian: пачынаць, пачаць; пачынацца, пачацца; Bengali: শুরু করা, আরম্ভ করা; Breton: kregiñ; Bulgarian: започвам, почвам, почна; Burmese: စ; Catalan: començar, iniciar; Cebuano: sugod; Cherokee: ᎠᎴᏅᏗ; Chinese Mandarin: 開始, 开始; Czech: začínat, začít; Dalmatian: nizuor; Danish: begynde; Dutch: [[beginnen]], [[aanvangen]]; Esperanto: komenci, eki; Estonian: hakkama, alustama; Faroese: byrja; Finnish: alkaa, aloittaa; French: [[commencer]], [[démarrer]], [[se mettre]]; Friulian: començâ; Galician: comezar, comenzar, empezar, iniciar; Georgian: დაიწყება, იწყება; German: [[anfangen]], [[beginnen]], [[starten]], [[anheben]]; Gothic: 𐌳𐌿𐌲𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽, 𐌳𐌿𐍃𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌽; Greek: [[αρχίζω]]; Ancient Greek: [[ἄρχομαι]]; Hebrew: הִתְחִיל‎; Hiligaynon: sugod; Hindi: शुरू करना, शुरू होना; Hungarian: kezd, elkezd, megkezd; Icelandic: byrja, hefjast; Ido: komencar; Indonesian: mulai; Interlingua: comenciar, iniciar; Irish: tosaigh; Italian: [[cominciare]], [[iniziare]]; Japanese: 始める, 開始する, 始まる; Kazakh: бастау; Khmer: ចាប់ផ្ដើម, ផ្ដើម, ចាប់; Korean: 시작하다; Kurdish Northern Kyrgyz: баштоо; Lao: ເລີ່ມ, ຕັ້ງຕົ້ນ; Latin: [[incipio]], [[ordior]], [[initio]], [[committo]], [[ineo]]; Latvian: sākt; Lithuanian: pradėti; Lushootseed: ʔil; Luxembourgish: ufänken; Macedonian: започне, почне; Malay: mula; Malayalam: തുടങ്ങുക, ആരംഭിക്കുക; Maltese: beda; Maori: hāpai, hoto, whakataki, huataki, hīmata, tīmata; Mongolian: эхлэх; Neapolitan: cumenzà; Norman:'menchier,'menchi; North Frisian Hallig: öönfange; Norwegian Bokmål: begynne, børje, innlede; Nynorsk: begynna, byrja, innleia; Occitan: començar, entamenar; Ojibwe: maajii-; Old English: onġinnan, beginnan; Old French: comencier; Old Saxon: biginnan, andginnan; Oromo: eegaluu, jalqabuu; Persian: آغاز کردن‎, شروع کردن‎; Polish: zaczynać, zacząć, zaczynać się, zacząć się; Portuguese: [[começar]], [[iniciar]]; Quechua: qallay, qallariy; Romanian: începe; Romansch: entschaiver, entscheiver, antschever, cumenzar, scumanzar, cumanzer, iniziar, inizier; Russian: [[начинать]], [[начать]], [[начинаться]], [[начаться]]; Santali: ᱮᱦᱳᱵ; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: по̀че̄ти; Roman: pòčēti; Sicilian: accuminzari, cuminzari, accuminciari, cuminciari; Sinhalese: ආරම්භ කරනවා; Slovak: začať, začínať; Slovene: začeti; Spanish: [[comenzar]], [[iniciar]], [[empezar]], [[principiar]]; Swahili: kuanza; Swedish: börja, begynna, inleda, påbörja; Tagalog: magumpisa, mag-umpisa, umpisahan, magsimula, simulan; Tajik: шуру кардан, шуруъ кардан; Tatar: башларга; Thai: เริ่ม, เริ่มต้น; Turkish: başlamak; Turkmen: başlamak; Ukrainian: починати, почати; починатися, початися; Urdu: شروع کرنا‎; Uyghur: باشلىماق‎; Uzbek: boshlamoq, boshlanmoq; Venetian: scuminsiar, scuminçiar, scomençiar, scomensar, scomençar, scominsiar; Vietnamese: bắt đầu; Volapük: beginön, primön; Welsh: dechrau; Yiddish: אָנהייבן‎, באַגינען‎
Afrikaans: begin; Albanian: nis, filloj; Arabic: بَدَأَ‎, اِبْتَدَأَ‎, شَرَعَ‎; Hijazi Arabic: بدأ‎, بدا‎; Armenian: սկսել; Aromanian: ahurhescu, ãnchisescu, apãrnjescu, ntsep; Asturian: entamar, empezar, comenzar, aniciar; Azerbaijani: başlamaq; Bashkir: башлау, баштау; Basque: hasi; Belarusian: пачынаць, пачаць; пачынацца, пачацца; Bengali: শুরু করা, আরম্ভ করা; Breton: kregiñ; Bulgarian: започвам, почвам, почна; Burmese: စ; Catalan: començar, iniciar; Cebuano: sugod; Cherokee: ᎠᎴᏅᏗ; Chinese Mandarin: 開始, 开始; Czech: začínat, začít; Dalmatian: nizuor; Danish: begynde; Dutch: [[beginnen]], [[aanvangen]]; Esperanto: komenci, eki; Estonian: hakkama, alustama; Faroese: byrja; Finnish: alkaa, aloittaa; French: [[commencer]], [[démarrer]], [[se mettre]]; Friulian: començâ; Galician: comezar, comenzar, empezar, iniciar; Georgian: დაიწყება, იწყება; German: [[anfangen]], [[beginnen]], [[starten]], [[anheben]]; Gothic: 𐌳𐌿𐌲𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽, 𐌳𐌿𐍃𐍄𐍉𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌽; Greek: [[αρχίζω]]; Ancient Greek: [[ἄρχομαι]]; Hebrew: הִתְחִיל‎; Hiligaynon: sugod; Hindi: शुरू करना, शुरू होना; Hungarian: kezd, elkezd, megkezd; Icelandic: byrja, hefjast; Ido: komencar; Indonesian: mulai; Interlingua: comenciar, iniciar; Irish: tosaigh; Italian: [[cominciare]], [[iniziare]]; Japanese: 始める, 開始する, 始まる; Kazakh: бастау; Khmer: ចាប់ផ្ដើម, ផ្ដើម, ចាប់; Korean: 시작하다; Kurdish Northern Kyrgyz: баштоо; Lao: ເລີ່ມ, ຕັ້ງຕົ້ນ; Latin: [[incipio]], [[ordior]], [[initio]], [[committo]], [[ineo]]; Latvian: sākt; Lithuanian: pradėti; Lushootseed: ʔil; Luxembourgish: ufänken; Macedonian: започне, почне; Malay: mula; Malayalam: തുടങ്ങുക, ആരംഭിക്കുക; Maltese: beda; Maori: hāpai, hoto, whakataki, huataki, hīmata, tīmata; Mongolian: эхлэх; Neapolitan: cumenzà; Norman:'menchier,'menchi; North Frisian Hallig: öönfange; Norwegian Bokmål: begynne, børje, innlede; Nynorsk: begynna, byrja, innleia; Occitan: començar, entamenar; Ojibwe: maajii-; Old English: onġinnan, beginnan; Old French: comencier; Old Saxon: biginnan, andginnan; Oromo: eegaluu, jalqabuu; Persian: آغاز کردن‎, شروع کردن‎; Polish: zaczynać, zacząć, zaczynać się, zacząć się; Portuguese: [[começar]], [[iniciar]]; Quechua: qallay, qallariy; Romanian: începe; Romansch: entschaiver, entscheiver, antschever, cumenzar, scumanzar, cumanzer, iniziar, inizier; Russian: [[начинать]], [[начать]], [[начинаться]], [[начаться]]; Santali: ᱮᱦᱳᱵ; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: по̀че̄ти; Roman: pòčēti; Sicilian: accuminzari, cuminzari, accuminciari, cuminciari; Sinhalese: ආරම්භ කරනවා; Slovak: začať, začínať; Slovene: začeti; Spanish: [[comenzar]], [[iniciar]], [[empezar]], [[principiar]]; Swahili: kuanza; Swedish: börja, begynna, inleda, påbörja; Tagalog: magumpisa, mag-umpisa, umpisahan, magsimula, simulan; Tajik: шуру кардан, шуруъ кардан; Tatar: башларга; Thai: เริ่ม, เริ่มต้น; Turkish: başlamak; Turkmen: başlamak; Ukrainian: починати, почати; починатися, початися; Urdu: شروع کرنا‎; Uyghur: باشلىماق‎; Uzbek: boshlamoq, boshlanmoq; Venetian: scuminsiar, scuminçiar, scomençiar, scomensar, scomençar, scominsiar; Vietnamese: bắt đầu; Volapük: beginön, primön; Welsh: dechrau; Yiddish: אָנהייבן‎, באַגינען‎
===rule===
===[[rule]]===
Arabic: حَكَمَ‎; Egyptian Arabic: حكم‎; Aromanian: vãsilipsescu, amirãripsescu, dumnescu; Azerbaijani: idarə etmək; Belarusian: правіць, кіраваць, панаваць, уладарыць; Bengali: শাসন করা; Bulgarian: управлявам, властвувам; Catalan: manar, governar, regnar; Chinese Mandarin: 治, 統治, 统治, 治理; Min Dong: 治; Czech: vládnout; Dutch: [[regeren]]; Esperanto: regi; Faroese: stýra; Finnish: säännellä, hallita, johtaa, päättää, hallita, vallita; French: [[gouverner]], [[régler]]; Galician: mandar, gobernar; German: [[regieren]], [[beherrschen]]; Gothic: 𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌿𐌾𐌹𐌽𐍉𐌽, 𐍅𐌰𐌻𐌳𐌰𐌽; Greek: [[κυβερνώ]], [[διοικώ]], [[διευθύνω]]; Ancient Greek: [[ἄρχω]], [[κρατέω]], [[ἡγέομαι]]; Hebrew: מָשַׁל‎, שָׁלַט‎; Hindi: शासन करना; Hungarian: ural, uralkodik, irányít, vezet, igazgat, szabályoz; Icelandic: stjórna, drottna, ráða, ríkja; Italian: [[governare]]; Japanese: 治める, 支配する, 統治する; Korean: 통치하다; Latin: [[rego]], [[impero]]; Latvian: valdīt; Macedonian: управува; Malayalam: ഭരിയ്ക്കുക; Neapolitan: cumannà; Norwegian Bokmål: styre, regjere; Nynorsk: styre, regjere; Old English: wealdan; Polish: rządzić, panować; Portuguese: [[reinar]], [[governar]]; Romanian: domni; Russian: [[править]], [[властвовать]], [[руководить]], [[господствовать]], [[управлять]]; Sanskrit: राष्टि; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: у̀прављати, владати, регулирати or; Roman: ùpravljati, vládati, regulírati or; Shan: ဢုပ်ႉပိူင်ႇ; Slovak: vládnuť; Slovene: vlādati; Spanish: [[mandar]], [[gobernar]]; Swahili: sharti; Swedish: styra, regera, härska; Telugu: పాలించు; Ugaritic: 𐎎𐎍𐎋; Ukrainian: правити, керувати, урядувати, управляти, панувати, владарювати; Volapük: reigön, guverön; Yiddish: קעניגן‎, הערשן‎, געוועלטיקן‎; Zazaki: hakem, hakim, soretger
Arabic: حَكَمَ‎; Egyptian Arabic: حكم‎; Aromanian: vãsilipsescu, amirãripsescu, dumnescu; Azerbaijani: idarə etmək; Belarusian: правіць, кіраваць, панаваць, уладарыць; Bengali: শাসন করা; Bulgarian: управлявам, властвувам; Catalan: manar, governar, regnar; Chinese Mandarin: 治, 統治, 统治, 治理; Min Dong: 治; Czech: vládnout; Dutch: [[regeren]]; Esperanto: regi; Faroese: stýra; Finnish: säännellä, hallita, johtaa, päättää, hallita, vallita; French: [[gouverner]], [[régler]]; Galician: mandar, gobernar; German: [[regieren]], [[beherrschen]]; Gothic: 𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌿𐌾𐌹𐌽𐍉𐌽, 𐍅𐌰𐌻𐌳𐌰𐌽; Greek: [[κυβερνώ]], [[διοικώ]], [[διευθύνω]]; Ancient Greek: [[ἄρχω]], [[κρατέω]], [[ἡγέομαι]]; Hebrew: מָשַׁל‎, שָׁלַט‎; Hindi: शासन करना; Hungarian: ural, uralkodik, irányít, vezet, igazgat, szabályoz; Icelandic: stjórna, drottna, ráða, ríkja; Italian: [[governare]]; Japanese: 治める, 支配する, 統治する; Korean: 통치하다; Latin: [[rego]], [[impero]]; Latvian: valdīt; Macedonian: управува; Malayalam: ഭരിയ്ക്കുക; Neapolitan: cumannà; Norwegian Bokmål: styre, regjere; Nynorsk: styre, regjere; Old English: wealdan; Polish: rządzić, panować; Portuguese: [[reinar]], [[governar]]; Romanian: domni; Russian: [[править]], [[властвовать]], [[руководить]], [[господствовать]], [[управлять]]; Sanskrit: राष्टि; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: у̀прављати, владати, регулирати or; Roman: ùpravljati, vládati, regulírati or; Shan: ဢုပ်ႉပိူင်ႇ; Slovak: vládnuť; Slovene: vlādati; Spanish: [[mandar]], [[gobernar]]; Swahili: sharti; Swedish: styra, regera, härska; Telugu: పాలించు; Ugaritic: 𐎎𐎍𐎋; Ukrainian: правити, керувати, урядувати, управляти, панувати, владарювати; Volapük: reigön, guverön; Yiddish: קעניגן‎, הערשן‎, געוועלטיקן‎; Zazaki: hakem, hakim, soretger
}}
}}