πῶς: Difference between revisions

|Definition=Ion. κῶς, interrog. Adv. of Manner, <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> <b class="b2">how?</b> <span class="bibl">Il.1.123</span>, etc.; sometimes to express displeasure, <span class="bibl">4.26</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>391</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ph.</span>1031</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Tr.</span>192</span>; to express astonishment or doubt, <b class="b3">π. εἶπας</b>; <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>798</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>407</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">π. λέγεις</b>; <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ph.</span>1407</span>; <b class="b3">π. φῄς</b>; <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>268</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">El.</span>575</span>; <b class="b3">π. τοῦτ' ἔλεξας</b>; <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>793</span>; <b class="b3">π. τοῦτ' εἶπες αὖ</b>; <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Plt.</span>309c</span>; also <b class="b3">π. μὴ φῶμεν . .</b>; surely we must, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Tht.</span>161e</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">b</span> in dialogue, to ask explanation, with a repetition of a word used by the previous speaker, [[δίκαια]]— Answ. <b class="b3">π. δίκαια</b>; <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>832</span>; <b class="b3">μὴ δίκαιος ὤν</b>—Answ. <b class="b3">π. μὴ δίκαιος</b>; <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Tr.</span>412</span>; [[συμβολάς]]—Answ. <b class="b3">π. συμβολάς</b>; <span class="bibl">Alex.143</span>; [[πῶς]] alone, [[how so]], <b class="b3">π., ὅς γε . .</b>; <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>1386</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> with a second interrog. in the same clause, <b class="b3">π. ἐκ τίνος νεώς ποτε . . ἥκετε</b>; [[how]] and by what ship . .? <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hel.</span>1543</span>; <b class="b3">τί τἀμὰ—π. ἔχει—θεσπίσματα</b>; ib.<span class="bibl">873</span>; <b class="b3">π. τί τοῦτο λέγεις</b>; [[how]] say you and what? <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ti.</span>22b</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Tht.</span>146d</span>, <span class="bibl">208e</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> c. gen. modi, <b class="b3">π. ἀγῶνος ἥκομεν</b>; [[how]] are we come off in it? <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">El.</span> 751</span>; π. ἔχει πλήθους ἐπισκοπεῖ <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Grg.</span>451c</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">4</span> with Verbs of selling, <b class="b2">how? at what price?</b> <b class="b3">π. ὁ σῖτος ὤνιος</b>; <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ach.</span>758</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Eq.</span> 480</span>; <b class="b3">τὰ δ' ἄλφιθ' ὑμῖν π. ἐπώλουν</b>;—Answ. τεττάρων δραχμῶν . . τὸν κόφινον <span class="bibl">Stratt.13</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> with other Particles, <b class="b3">π. ἂν . .; π. κε (ν) . .</b>; <b class="b2">how possibly . .?</b> <b class="b3">π. ἂν ἔπειτ' ἀπὸ σεῖο . . λιποίμην οἶος</b>; <span class="bibl">Il.9.437</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Od. 1.65</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">π. ἂν γένοιτ' ἂν . . ποδῶν ἔκμακτρον</b>; <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">El.</span>534</span>: so with indic., <span class="bibl">Il.22.202</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Alc.</span>96</span> (lyr.), etc. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">b</span> in Trag., <b class="b3">π. ἄν</b> c. opt. is freq. used to express a wish, [[O how]] might it be? i.e. [[would that]] it might . .! <b class="b3">π. ἂν θάνοιμι; π. ἂν ὀλοίμην</b>; etc., <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>388</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Supp.</span> 796</span> (lyr.), cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Hipp.</span>208</span> (anap.), <span class="bibl">345</span>; rare in Com., <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Th.</span>22</span> (a trace of this usage appears in Hom., <span class="bibl">Od.15.195</span>): in later Prose, <b class="b3">π. ἂν γένοιτο ἑσπέρα</b>; <span class="bibl">[[LXX]] <span class="title">De.</span>28.67</span>; also with aor. subj. (without [[ἄν]]) <b class="b3">, π. κοιμηθῶ</b>; <span class="bibl">M.Ant.9.40</span>; <b class="b3">π. μή μοι μέγας λέων ἐπιφανῇ</b>; <span class="bibl">Arr.<span class="title">Epict.</span>4.10.10</span>; with pres., <b class="b3">π. μὴ χρῄζω</b>; M.Ant.l.c. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b3">π. ἄρα . .</b>; in reply, <b class="b2">how then?</b> <b class="b3">π. τ' ἄρ' ἴω . .</b>; <span class="bibl">Il.18.188</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Od.3.22</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">h.Ap.</span>19</span>,<span class="bibl">207</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> <b class="b3">π. γὰρ . .</b>; also in reply, as if something had gone before, [[[that cannot be]]], <b class="b2">for how can . .?</b> <span class="bibl">Il.1.123</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.10.337</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">π. γὰρ κάτοιδα</b>; <span class="bibl">S. <span class="title">Ph.</span>250</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">1383</span>; v. infr. <span class="bibl">111.1</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">4</span> <b class="b3">π. δὲ . .</b>; to introduce a strong objection, <b class="b3">π. δὲ σὺ νῦν μέμονας, κύον ἀδδεές . .</b>; <span class="bibl">Il.21.481</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Od.18.31</span>; <b class="b3">δόξει δὲ π</b>.; <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>261</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">5</span> <b class="b3">π. δή</b>; <b class="b2">how in the world?</b> <b class="b3">π. δὴ φῂς πολέμοιο μεθιέμεν</b>; <span class="bibl">Il.4.351</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">18.364</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>543</span>, etc.; also <b class="b3">π. γὰρ δή . .</b>; <span class="bibl">Od.16.70</span>; <b class="b3">π. δῆτα . .</b>; <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>622</span>,<span class="bibl">1211</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span>79</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">6</span> <b class="b3">π. καὶ . .</b>; <b class="b2">just how . .?</b> <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hec.</span>515</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ph.</span>1354</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">π. δὲ καὶ . .</b>; <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span> 721</span>, v. [[καί]] B.6; but <b class="b3">καὶ π</b>…; to introduce an objection, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ph.</span>1348</span>, v. [[καί]] A. 11.2: hence <b class="b3">καὶ π</b>.; alone, <b class="b2">but how? impossible!</b> Pl.<span class="title">Alc.</span>1.134c, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Tht.</span>163d</span>, etc. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">7</span> <b class="b3">π. οὐ . .</b>; <b class="b2">how not so . .?</b> i.e. <b class="b2">surely it is so . .</b>, <b class="b3">π. οὐ δεινὰ εἴργασθε</b>; <span class="bibl">Th.3.66</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span>398</span>, <span class="bibl">D.18.273</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">8</span> <b class="b3">π. οὖν . .</b>; like π. [[ἄρα]]; <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Supp.</span>297</span>,<span class="bibl">340</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>568</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">π. ἂν οὖν . .</b> with opt., <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>243</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">IT</span>98</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">9</span> <b class="b3">π. ποτε . .</b>; <b class="b2">how ever . .?</b> <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span> 1210</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ph.</span>687</span> (lyr.). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">III</span> [[πῶς]] followed by several of the abovenamed Particles is freq. used in elliptical sentences, as, </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">1</span> <b class="b3">π. γάρ</b>; inserted parenthet. in a negative sentence, <b class="b2">for how is it possible? how can</b> or <b class="b2">could it be?</b> hence in emphatic denial, <b class="b3">κἀγὼ μὲν οὐκ ἔδρασα, τοῦτ' ἐπίσταμαι, οὐδ' αὖ σύ· π. γάρ</b>; <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">El.</span>911</span>; <b class="b3">οὐκ ἀπορῶν</b> (π. γάρ;), ὅς γε . . <span class="bibl">D.18.312</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">21.217</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Sph.</span>263c</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">οὐδ' ἐπὶ τὴν ἑστίαν καταφυγών</b> (π. γὰρ ἄν;), ὅστις . . <span class="bibl">Lys.1.27</span>; <b class="b3">π. γὰρ οὔ</b>; <b class="b2">how can it but be?</b> i.e. [[it must be so]], <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ch.</span>754</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>1307</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Tht.</span>160c</span>, al.; <b class="b3">π. γάρ</b>; (''[[sc.]]'' <b class="b3">ἄλλως ἔχει</b>) is so used in <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>279</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b3">π. δή</b>; <b class="b2">how so?</b> <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Eu.</span> 601</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span>664</span>, <span class="bibl">673</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">π. δῆτα</b>; <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Grg.</span>469b</span>; <b class="b3">π. δαί</b>; <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">V.</span> 1212</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> <b class="b3">π. δ' οὔ</b>; like [[π. γὰρ οὔ]]; (v. supr. ''1''), <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Tht.</span>153b</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">R.</span> 457a</span>; <b class="b3">π. δ' οὐχί</b>; <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>1015</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pax</span> 1027</span>; parenthetically, S.<span class="title">OT</span> <span class="bibl">567</span>; <b class="b3">π. δ' οὐκ ἄν . .</b>; <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>759</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">4</span> <b class="b3">π. οὖν</b>; [[how]] then? [[how]] next? <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Med.</span>1376</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Hipp.</span>598</span>, <span class="bibl">1261</span>, <span class="bibl">D.19.124</span>; <b class="b3">π. οὖν ἄν . .</b>; <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>1.2.64</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">5</span> <b class="b3">π. δοκεῖς</b>; parenthet., in conversation, [[how]] think you? hence (losing all interrog. force),= [[λίαν]], [[wonderfully]], <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pl.</span>742</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Nu.</span>881</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ach.</span>24</span>; also π. οἴει σφόδρα <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ra.</span>54</span>; cf. [[δοκέω]] <span class="bibl">1.2</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">IV</span> π. in indirect questions for [[ὅπως]], <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Eu.</span>677</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>991</span> (anap.), <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Eq.</span> 614</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>1.2.36</span>, etc.; ἐθαύμαζον ἂν π… ἔδεισαν <span class="title">IG</span>12(3).174.28 (Cnidus, Epist.Aug.); ζητηθήσεται π. ὅτι καὶ τοῦτο ἀληθές ἐστι <span class="bibl">S.E. <span class="title">M.</span>8.16</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">V</span> in exclamations, ὦ π. πονηρόν ἐστιν ἀνθρώπου φύσις τὸ σύνολον <span class="bibl">Philem.2</span>; <b class="b3">π. παραχρῆμα ἐξηράνθη . .</b>! <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Matt.</span>21.20</span>; <b class="b3">π. δυσκόλως . .</b>! <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ev.Marc.</span>10.23</span>.</span>

|btext=<i>adv. interr.</i><br />comment ? de quelle manière ?;<br /><b>A.</b> <i>dans le disc. direct</i>;<br /><b>I. 1</b> comment ?;<br /><b>2</b> <i>qqf au sens de</i> pourquoi ? [[πῶς]] [[οὖν]] [[οὐ]] καὶ σὺ παιδεύεις ; XÉN comment, <i>càd</i> pourquoi n'enseignes-tu pas aussi ? <i>avec l'expression de l'étonnement, particul. dans la locut.</i> [[πῶς]] εἶπας ; comment dis-tu ? qu'est-ce ? entends-je bien ? <i>ou</i> que dis-tu là ! <i>de même</i> : [[πῶς]] λέγεις ; [[πῶς]] [[φῇς]] ; [[πῶς]] ταῦτ' ἔλεξας ;;<br /><b>II.</b> <i>joint à des particules</i>;<br /><b>1</b> [[πῶς]] [[ἄν]], <i>épq.</i> [[πῶς]] [[κε]] (κεν) : [[πῶς]] κ' [[ἔοι]] ; IL comment serait-ce ? quel air cela aurait-il ? <i>pour exprimer un souhait</i> : [[πῶς]] ἂν θάνοιμι ; SOPH comment pourrais-je être mort ? <i>càd</i> ô puissé-je mourir ! ô si seulement j'étais mort !;<br /><b>2</b> [[πῶς]] [[γάρ]] ; comment donc ? comment cela ? <i>d'ordin. en un sens nég. (s.-e. « cela ne peut pas arriver »)</i> : [[πῶς]] [[γάρ]] [[τοι]] δώσουσι [[γέρας]] Ἀχαιοί ; IL comment donc les Achéens te feront-ils un présent ? [[πῶς]] γὰρ [[κάτοιδα]] ; SOPH comment pourrais-je donc te connaître ? <i>abs.</i> [[πῶς]] [[γάρ]] ; comment donc ? comment cela ? <i>d'ord. avec idée d'invraisemblance ou d'impossibilité</i> κἀγὼ μὲν [[οὐκ]] ἔδρασα, οὐδ' [[αὖ]] [[σύ]]· [[πῶς]] [[γάρ]] ; SOPH pour moi je ne l'ai pas fait, ni toi non plus - comment cela se pourrait-il en effet ?;<br /><b>3</b> [[πῶς]] [[δέ]] ; mais comment ? <i>particul. avec idée de colère, de dépit, etc.</i> [[πῶς]] δὲ σὺ [[νῦν]] μέμονας ; IL mais comment as-tu donc pu oser !;<br /><b>4</b> [[πῶς]] [[δή]] ; comment donc ? comment en vérité ? [[πῶς]] [[δῆτα]] ; <i>m. sign.</i><br /><b>5</b> καὶ [[πῶς]] ; et comment ? <i>pour marquer l'impatience, d'ord. avec idée de nég.</i><br /><b>6</b> [[πῶς]] [[νῦν]] ; comment maintenant ? que penses-tu maintenant de cela ?;<br /><b>7</b> [[πῶς]] οὔ ; <i>ou</i> [[πῶς]] [[οὐχί]] ; comment ne pas ? comment ne serait-ce pas ainsi (<i>lat.</i> quidni) ? ; [[πῶς]] [[οὐ]] δεινὰ εἴργασθε ; THC comment n'avez-vous pas commis là une action affreuse ? <i>càd</i> comment pouvez-vous prétendre que vous n'avez pas commis ? [[πῶς]] [[οὐκ]] ἀδικεῖς ; DÉM <i>litt.</i> comment n'as-tu pas tort ? <i>càd</i> tu as tort sans aucun doute ; <i>abs.</i> [[πῶς]] δ' οὔ ; comment donc ne pas ? pourquoi pas ? [[πῶς]] δ' [[οὐχί]] ; [[πῶς]] γὰρ οὔ ; <i>m. sign.</i><br /><b>8</b> [[πῶς]] [[οὖν]] ; comment maintenant, comment donc ?;<br /><b>9</b> [[πῶς]] ποτε ; comment donc enfin ? [[πῶς]] [[τε]] ; comment cependant ?;<br /><b>B.</b> <i>dans le disc. indir.</i> comment : [[μένω]] ἀκοῦσαι [[πῶς]] ἀγὼν κριθήσεται ESCHL je reste pour savoir comment se décidera la lutte.<br />'''Étymologie:''' adv. de *πός.

|elnltext=πῶς, Ion. κῶς [~ πο-] adv. interrog.; hoe? adv. van wijze hoe? op welke manier?:; ὃς δ’ ἂν ἡμῖν ἄξιος φιλίας δοκῇ εἶναι, πῶς χρὴ φίλον τοῦτον ποιεῖσθαι; als iemand ons vriendschap waard lijkt te zijn, hoe moeten we die man dan tot onze vriend maken? Xen. Mem. 2.6.8; πῶς δοκεῖς; hoe denk je erover? Plat. Plt. 309c; πρὸς τόδε πῶς ἔχεις hoe sta je hier tegenover? Plat. Parm. 131e; met ander vraagwoord (elk met volle betekenis); πῶς ἐκ τίνος νεώς... ἥκετε; hoe en met welk schip zijn jullie gekomen? Eur. Hel. 1543 ( vgl. 2. b.); hoe duur?:. πῶς ὁ σῖτος ὤνιος; voor hoeveel is het graan te koop? Aristoph. Ach. 758. adv. in vragen die oordeel of houding van spreker impliceren in ret. vraag; de spreker denkt dat iets onmogelijk is hoe (dan wel)?:; πῶς γάρ τοι δώσουσιν γέρας μεγάθυμοι Ἀχαιοί; hoe kunnen de fiere Achaeers jou dan wel een eergeschenk geven? Il. 1.123; om verbazing of woede uit te drukken over inhoud v. d. rest v. d. zin: hoezo?, hoe kan het dat?:; πῶς ἐθέλεις ἅλιον θεῖναι; hoe kun je dat nu ongedaan willen maken? Il. 4.26; πῶς παραχρῆμα ἐξηράνθη ἡ συκῆ; hoe kan het dat die vijgenboom zo plotseling verdorde? NT Mt. 21.20; waarom?:. πῶς οὐ νοεῖτε ὅτι; waarom begrijpen jullie nu niet dat...? NT Mt. 16.11. m. n. bij werkw. van ‘zeggen’ om verbazing of onbegrip uit te drukken over woorden van de ander: hoe?:; πῶς τοῦτ’ ἔλεξας; hoe bedoelde je dat? Aeschl. Pers. 793; πῶς φῄς; wat zeg je me nu? Aeschl. Ag. 268; πῶς εἶπας; hoe bedoel je? Aeschl. Pers. 798; πῶς δύνασαι λέγειν...; hoe kun je nu zeggen...? NT Luc. 6.42; πῶς λέγουσιν οἱ γραμματεῖς ὅτι...; hoe kunnen de schriftgeleerden beweren dat...? NT Marc. 12.35; met vraagwoord. τί (redundant) πῶς τί τοῦτο λέγεις; hoe bedoel je dat? Plat. Tim. 22b. speciaal in vraag naar verklaring van specifiek woordgebruik van de ander hoezo?:. πῶς δίκαια; hoezo ‘rechtvaardig’? Soph. OC 832; πῶς μὴ δίκαιος; hoezo niet ‘rechtvaardig’? Soph. Tr. 412. markeert inhoud van de eigen (voorafgaande) uitspraak als zeer opmerkelijk, kom. vaste uitdr. πῶς δοκεῖς ( lett. ‘hoe denk je wel?’ ‘stel je voor hoe’) dat geloof je niet!, ongelofelijk!:. ὠστιοῦνται πῶς δοκεῖς zij zullen elkaar verdringen, ongelofelijk! Aristoph. Ach. 24; πῶς οἴει σφόδρα ongelofelijk hevig Aristoph. Ran. 54. met partikels en voegw. πῶς ἄν ( ep. πῶς κε ) in ret. vraag, met opt. pot. hoe?:; πῶς ἂν... λιποίμην οἶος hoe zou ik dan hier alleen achter kunnen blijven? Il. 9.437; met opt. in vraag die wens uitdrukt (‘hoe zou... kunnen?’ > ‘kon... maar’); πῶς ἄν... θάνοιμι; kon ik maar sterven Soph. Ai. 388; πῶς ἂν μόλοι δῆθ’...; kan hij misschien terugkomen? Soph. OT 765; πῶς ἂν οὖν... ἐξεύροιμ’ ὅπως...; ach, kon ik maar uitvinden, hoe...? Aristoph. Th. 22; met indic. van hist. tijd in irrealis. πῶς δέ κεν Ἕκτωρ Κῆρας ὑπεξέφυγεν θανάτοιο; hoe had Hektor aan het doodslot kunnen ontsnappen? Il. 22.202. πῶς γάρ in antwoord hoe dan wel?, natuurlijk niet:; - οὐ γὰρ οἶσθά με...; - πῶς γὰρ κάτοιδ’ ὅν γ’ εἶδον οὐδεπώποτε – ken je me niet? – hoe moet ik iemand kennen die ik nog nooit gezien heb? Soph. Ph. 250; - κἀγὼ μὲν οὐκ ἔδρασα... οὐδ’ αὖ σύ. - πῶς γάρ; - ik heb het niet gedaan, en jij ook niet. - natuurlijk niet! Soph. El. 911; πῶς γὰρ ἄν; hoe kon hij ook! Lys. 1.27; πῶς γὰρ οὔ; hoe dan niet?, natuurlijk (wel)!, ja natuurlijk!:; - οὕτω σοι δοκεῖ ἔχειν...; - πῶς γὰρ οὔ; -denk je dat het zo zit? – ja, natuurlijk! Plat. Grg. 469a; zie ook 3.e. πῶς δή;, πῶς δῆτα; of πῶς δαί; hoe dan? hoe in hemelsnaam?. πῶς καί hoe dan wel?:; πῶς καὶ πέπρακται... φόνος; hoe is hun dood dan wel tot stand gekomen? Eur. Phoen. 1354; καὶ πῶς en hoe dan?; καὶ πῶς σιωπῶ; en hoe kan ik dan zwijgen? Eur. Or. 1025; abs.. καὶ πῶς; onmogelijk! Plat. Tht. 163d. πῶς οὐ hoe niet?, m. n. in ret. vragen natuurlijk wel:; πῶς οὐ δεινὰ εἴργασθε; hoe kunnen jullie volhouden geen wandaden te hebben begaan? Thuc. 3.66.2 ( vgl. 2.b.); πῶς οὐ μεγάλης ἄξιος ἦν τιμῆς; natuurlijk was hij grote eer waardig Xen. Mem. 1.2.64; abs. πῶς δ’ οὔ; natuurlijk wel = πῶς γὰρ οὔ; (zie 3.b.) = πῶς δ’ οὐκ ἄν;. πῶς οὖν hoe dan?; πῶς οὖν τόθ’ οὗτος... οὐκ ηὖδα τάδε; hoe kwam het dan dat hij toen dit niet vertelde? Soph. OT 568; abs.. πῶς οὖν hoe nu? Eur. Med. 1376. πῶς ποτέ hoe... ooit.? πῶς ποθ’... φέρειν... σῖγ’ ἐδυνάθησαν ἐς τοσόνδε; hoe hebben zij (jou) ooit zo lang in stilte kunnen dragen? Soph. OT 1211. interrog. indir., in plaats van ὅπως hoe (als adv. v. wijze, vgl. 1):. μένω δ’ ἀκοῦσαι πῶς ἀγὼν κριθήσεται ik blijf om te horen hoe de zaak gevonnist zal worden Aeschl. Eum. 677; ἵνα... κατάδηλον γένηται πῶς βιωτέον opdat het duidelijk wordt hoe men moet leven Plat. Grg. 492d5. uitroep in plaats van ὡς hoe! hoezeer!; met adj. en adv..; πῶς δυσκόλως met hoeveel moeite NT Marc. 10.23; met werkw.. ἴδε πῶς ἐφίλει αὐτόν zie, hoezeer hij van hem hield! NT Io. 11.36.