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ἡδύς: Difference between revisions
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|Transliteration C=idys | |Transliteration C=idys | ||
|Beta Code=h(du/s | |Beta Code=h(du/s | ||
|Definition=<b class="b3">ἡδεῖα, ἡδύ, ἡδὺς ἀϋτμή</b> (as fem.) once in Hom., | |Definition=<b class="b3">ἡδεῖα, ἡδύ, ἡδὺς ἀϋτμή</b> (as fem.) once in Hom., Od.12.369: Dor. [[ἁδύς]] [ᾱ], Boeot. neut. ϝαδού (written [[γάδου]]) cj. in Corinn.17 (cf. pr. n.<br><span class="bld">A</span> ϝαδιούλογος ''IG''7.2788.3), Elean βᾱδύς ([[quod vide|q.v.]]): irreg. acc. [[ἁδέα]] for ἡδύν Theoc.20.44, for [[ἡδεῖαν]] ib.[8], Mosch.3.82: Ion. fem. [[ἡδέα]], Dor. [[ἁδέα]]: Comp. ἡδίων [ῑ], Sup. ἥδιστος Od.13.80, etc.; also [[ἡδύτερος]] [[Theophrastus|Thphr.]] ''[[Historia Plantarum|HP]]'' 3.2.1, Ps.-Phoc.195, ''AP''9.247 (Phil.); [[ἡδύτατος]] ib.11.298.7, Plu.2.98e.<br><span class="bld">I</span> [[pleasant]] to the taste, δεῖπνον Od.20.391; of wine, 3.51, 9.197, etc.; to the smell, ἀμβροσίην.. ἡδὺ μάλα πνείουσαν 4.446; ὀδμὴ δ' ἡδεῖα ἀπὸ κρητῆρος ὀδώδει 9.210; to the hearing, δίδου δ' ἡδεῖαν ἀοιδήν 8.64; αὐδή Hes.''Th.''40; feelings or states, ἡ. ὕπνος Il.4.131, Od.1.364, al.; κοῖτος 19.510; ἡδὺ μάλα κνώσσουσα 4.809; <b class="b3">ἡδὺς μῦθος</b>, opp. [[ἀλγεινός]], S.''Ant.''12: c. inf., φέγγος ἥδιον δρακεῖν A.''Ag.''602; <b class="b3">ἡδὺς ἀκοῦσαι [λόγος]</b> Pl.''Men.''81d, cf. Ar.''V.''503; later ἡ. ἀκουσθῆναι [[Dionysius of Halicarnassus|D.H.]]''[[De Compositione Verborum|Comp.]]''9; εἰ.. τόδε πᾶσι φίλον καὶ ἡδὺ γένοιτο Il.4.17, cf. 7.387: c. inf., οὐκ ἂν ἐμοί γε μετὰ φρεσὶν ἡδὺ γένοιτο ζωέμεν Od.24.435; ἁδύ τι θαρσαλέαις τὸν μακρὸν τείνειν βίον ἐλπίσι A.''Pr.''536, etc.; so <b class="b3">οὔ μοι ἥδιόν ἐστι λέγειν</b> I had [[rather]] not... Hdt.2.46: neut. as [[substantive]], τὸ δι' ἀκοῆς τε καὶ δι' ὄψεως ἡδύ Pl.''Hp.Ma.''298a; <b class="b3">μεμιγμένον τῷ σεμνῷ τὸ ἡ.</b> [[Dionysius of Halicarnassus|D.H.]]''[[De Compositione Verborum|Comp.]]''1; <b class="b3">τὰ ἡ.</b> [[pleasures]], Th.5.105, [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Gorgias|Grg.]]'' 495a, etc.: neut. as adverb, <b class="b3">ἐπ' αὐτῷ ἡδὺ γέλασσαν</b> [[merrily]], Il.2.270, etc.; <b class="b3">ἁδὺ δὲ καὶ τὺ συρίσδες</b> [[sweetly]], Theoc.1.2.<br><span class="bld">II</span> after Hom., of persons, [[welcome]], S.''OT''82, ''Ph.''530 (Sup.), ''El.''929; ironically, ἥδιστος.. δεσμώτης ἔσω θακεῖ Id.''Aj.''105; like [[εὐήθης]], [[innocent]], [[simple]], ὡς ἡ. εἶ [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Gorgias|Grg.]]'' 491e, Plu.''Art.''17, etc.: Sup., <b class="b3">ὦ ἥδιστε</b> [[my good friend]] (iron.), [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Republic|R.]]'' 348c, al.<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[well-pleased]], [[glad]], ἡδίους ἔσεσθ' ἀκούσαντες D.23.64; ἡδίους ταῖς ἐλπίσιν Plu.''Cam.''32; <b class="b3">τὴν γνώμην ἡδίω πρὸς τὸ μέλλον ποιεῖν</b> to open a [[pleasanter]] view of the future, Id.''Fab.''5.<br><span class="bld">III</span> Adv. [[ἡδέως]] [[pleasantly]], [[with pleasure]], καθεύδειν Pl.''Cri.''43b; εὕδειν S.''Tr.''175; δρᾶν Id.''Ant.''70; ὁρᾶν τινα E.''IA''1122; βίοτον ἄγειν Id.''Cyc.''453; [[λαβεῖν]], [[δέχεσθαι]], [[Aristophanes|Ar.]]''[[The Knights|Eq.]]''440, [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Memorabilia|Mem.]]''1.2.4; <b class="b3">ἡ. ἂν ἐροίμην</b> I would [[gladly]] ask, should [[like to]] ask, D.18.64; <b class="b3">ἡ. ἔχειν τι</b> to be [[pleased]] or [[content]] with, E.''Ion''647 (but <b class="b3">ἵν' ἡ δόκησις Ξοῦθον ἡ. ἔχῃ</b> ib.1602); <b class="b3">οὐδὲ πότων ἡ. εἶχον</b> had no [[inclination to]] drink, Hp.''Epid.''3.13; τινος, of a person, Macho ap.Ath.13.577e; <b class="b3">ἡ. ἔχειν πρὸς ἅπαντας</b> to be [[suave]], [[courteous]] towards... Isoc.1.20; τινι D.5.15; <b class="b3">ἡ. ἔχειν</b>, of things, to be [[pleasant]], E.''IA''483; ἡ. ἔμοιγε κἀλγεινῶς ἅμα S.''Ant.''436; iron., <b class="b3">ἡ. γε</b> '[[prettily]] said', Pl.''Hp.Ma.''300c: Comp. ἥδιον Lys.7.40, Pherecr.67, etc.: Sup., ἥδιστα μεντἂν ἤκουσα Pl.''Tht.''183d, etc.<br><span class="bld">2</span> in Hom. neut. [[ἡδύ]] as adverb (v. supr.), cf. ἥδομαι. [ἥδῐον E.''Supp.''1101 ([[si vera lectio|s.v.l.]]), Ar. ''V.''298 (lyr.), Alex.25.6, but <b class="b3">ἡδίον (α) [ῑ]</b> E.''Cyc.''251, etc.] (Skt. svādús, Lat. [[suāvis]].) | ||
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|etymtx=Grammatical information: adj.<br />Meaning: [[sweet]], [[tasteful]], [[pleasant]], [[pleasing]] (Il.);<br />Other forms: Dor. [[ἁδύς]], El. etc. [[Ϝαδύς]]<br />Compounds: very often as 1. member, e. g. <b class="b3">ἡδυ-επής</b> [[with sweet words]], [[sounding pleasant]] (Il.); as 2. member <b class="b3">-ηδής</b>, s. [[ἥδομαι]]. On [[ἡδίων]] (rare a. late [[ἡδύτερος]]), [[ἥδιστος]] s. Seiler Steigerungsformen 57f.<br />Derivatives: [[ἥδυμος]] [[sweet]], [[comforting]], dactylic variant of [[ἡδύς]], of [[ὕπνος]] (Il.; in Hom. always wrongly [[νήδυμος]], s. Bechtel Lex. s. v., Leumann Hom. Wörter 44f.), also <b class="b3">Α῝δυμος</b> [[as PN]]; cf. [[ἔτυμος]] and Schwyzer 494, Chantraine Formation 151f.; [[ἡδύλος]] <b class="b2">id.</b>, hypocoristic enlargement (A. D., EM) with [[ἡδυλίζω]] [[flatter]], [[tempt]] (Men.), <b class="b3">ἡδυλίσαι συνουσιάσαι</b>, <b class="b3">ἡδυλισμός συνουσία</b> H.; also as PN with `[[Ηδυλίνη]] (Attica IVa), `[[Ηδύλειος]] (Delos IIIa); further `[[Ηδυτώ]] (Attica Va; after [[Ἐρατώ]] a. o.), `[[Ηδάριον]] (Rhodes; after the dimin. in <b class="b3">-άριον</b>). Backformation [[ἦδος]] [[vinegar]] (Ath.), cf. [[γᾶδος]] (= <b class="b3">Ϝ-</b>) [[γάλα]], <b class="b3">ἄλλοι ὄξος</b> H., on the meaning Schwyzer Festschrift Kretschmer 244ff.; also Pisani KZ 68, 176f. (where unclear Arm. k<b class="b2">ac̣ax</b> [[vinegar]] is discussed). Denomin. verb [[ἡδύνω]] [[sweeten]], [[make tasteful]], [[spice]] (IA.) with [[ἥδυσμα]], <b class="b3">-μάτιον</b> [[spice]] (Ion.-Att.), [[ἡδυσμός]], <b class="b3">ἡδυν-τός</b>, <b class="b3">-τικός</b>, <b class="b3">-τήρ</b> <b class="b2">spiced etc.</b> (also from salt).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [1039] <b class="b2">*sueh₂d-</b> [[sweet]]<br />Etymology: Old word for [[sweet]], identical with Skt. <b class="b2"> | |etymtx=Grammatical information: adj.<br />Meaning: [[sweet]], [[tasteful]], [[pleasant]], [[pleasing]] (Il.);<br />Other forms: Dor. [[ἁδύς]], El. etc. [[Ϝαδύς]]<br />Compounds: very often as 1. member, e. g. <b class="b3">ἡδυ-επής</b> [[with sweet words]], [[sounding pleasant]] (Il.); as 2. member <b class="b3">-ηδής</b>, s. [[ἥδομαι]]. On [[ἡδίων]] (rare a. late [[ἡδύτερος]]), [[ἥδιστος]] s. Seiler Steigerungsformen 57f.<br />Derivatives: [[ἥδυμος]] [[sweet]], [[comforting]], dactylic variant of [[ἡδύς]], of [[ὕπνος]] (Il.; in Hom. always wrongly [[νήδυμος]], s. Bechtel Lex. s. v., Leumann Hom. Wörter 44f.), also <b class="b3">Α῝δυμος</b> [[as PN]]; cf. [[ἔτυμος]] and Schwyzer 494, Chantraine Formation 151f.; [[ἡδύλος]] <b class="b2">id.</b>, hypocoristic enlargement (A. D., EM) with [[ἡδυλίζω]] [[flatter]], [[tempt]] (Men.), <b class="b3">ἡδυλίσαι συνουσιάσαι</b>, <b class="b3">ἡδυλισμός συνουσία</b> H.; also as PN with `[[Ηδυλίνη]] (Attica IVa), `[[Ηδύλειος]] (Delos IIIa); further `[[Ηδυτώ]] (Attica Va; after [[Ἐρατώ]] a. o.), `[[Ηδάριον]] (Rhodes; after the dimin. in <b class="b3">-άριον</b>). Backformation [[ἦδος]] [[vinegar]] (Ath.), cf. [[γᾶδος]] (= <b class="b3">Ϝ-</b>) [[γάλα]], <b class="b3">ἄλλοι ὄξος</b> H., on the meaning Schwyzer Festschrift Kretschmer 244ff.; also Pisani KZ 68, 176f. (where unclear Arm. k<b class="b2">ac̣ax</b> [[vinegar]] is discussed). Denomin. verb [[ἡδύνω]] [[sweeten]], [[make tasteful]], [[spice]] (IA.) with [[ἥδυσμα]], <b class="b3">-μάτιον</b> [[spice]] (Ion.-Att.), [[ἡδυσμός]], <b class="b3">ἡδυν-τός</b>, <b class="b3">-τικός</b>, <b class="b3">-τήρ</b> <b class="b2">spiced etc.</b> (also from salt).<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [1039] <b class="b2">*sueh₂d-</b> [[sweet]]<br />Etymology: Old word for [[sweet]], identical with Skt. <b class="b2">svādú-</b>, Gaul. [[Suadu-rīx]], [[-genus]], IE <b class="b2">*sueh₂dú-s</b>; also Lat. [[suāvis]], Germ., e. g. OHG [[suozi]], OE. [[swēte]] [[sweet]]. The full grade perhaps from the comparative [[ἡδίων]], Skt. <b class="b2">svā́dīyas-</b> (also [[ἥδιστος]] = <b class="b2">svā́diṣṭha-</b>). The zero grade in Lith. <b class="b2">súdyti</b> [[spice]], [[salt]], Skt. <b class="b2">sūdáyati</b>, perf. pl. <b class="b2">su-ṣūd-imá</b> [[make tasteful]]. - Forms in W.-Hofmann s. [[suāvis]]. S. also [[ἥδομαι]], [[ἁνδάνω]]. | ||
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{{FriskDe | {{FriskDe | ||
|ftr='''ἡδύς''': {hēdús}<br />'''Forms''': dor. [[ἁδύς]], el. usw. ϝαδύς<br />'''Meaning''': [[süß]], [[wohlschmeckend]], [[angenehm]], [[erfreulich]] (seit Il.);<br />'''Composita''' : sehr oft als Vorderglied, z. B. [[ἡδυεπής]] [[mit süßen Worten]], [[angenehm lautend]] (ep. poet.); als Hinterglied fungiert -ηδής, s. [[ἥδομαι]]. Zu [[ἡδίων]] (selten u. spät ἡδύτερος), [[ἥδιστος]] s. Seiler Steigerungsformen 57f.<br />'''Derivative''': Ableitungen: [[ἥδυμος]] [[suß]], [[erquickend]], daktylische Nebenform von [[ἡδύς]], gew. von [[ὕπνος]] (ep. poet. seit Il.; bei Hom. immer fälschlich [[νήδυμος]], s. Bechtel Lex. s. v., Leumann Hom. Wörter 44f.), auch Ἅδυμος als EN; vgl. [[ἔτυμος]] und Schwyzer 494, Chantraine Formation 151f.; [[ἡδύλος]] ib., hypokoristische Erweiterung (A. D., ''EM'') mit [[ἡδυλίζω]] [[schmeicheln]], [[verlocken]] (Men.), | |ftr='''ἡδύς''': {hēdús}<br />'''Forms''': dor. [[ἁδύς]], el. usw. ϝαδύς<br />'''Meaning''': [[süß]], [[wohlschmeckend]], [[angenehm]], [[erfreulich]] (seit Il.);<br />'''Composita''' : sehr oft als Vorderglied, z. B. [[ἡδυεπής]] [[mit süßen Worten]], [[angenehm lautend]] (ep. poet.); als Hinterglied fungiert -ηδής, s. [[ἥδομαι]]. Zu [[ἡδίων]] (selten u. spät ἡδύτερος), [[ἥδιστος]] s. Seiler Steigerungsformen 57f.<br />'''Derivative''': Ableitungen: [[ἥδυμος]] [[suß]], [[erquickend]], daktylische Nebenform von [[ἡδύς]], gew. von [[ὕπνος]] (ep. poet. seit Il.; bei Hom. immer fälschlich [[νήδυμος]], s. Bechtel Lex. s. v., Leumann Hom. Wörter 44f.), auch Ἅδυμος als EN; vgl. [[ἔτυμος]] und Schwyzer 494, Chantraine Formation 151f.; [[ἡδύλος]] ib., hypokoristische Erweiterung (A. D., ''EM'') mit [[ἡδυλίζω]] [[schmeicheln]], [[verlocken]] (Men.), ἡδυλίσαι· συνουσιάσαι, [[ἡδυλισμός]]· [[συνουσία]] H.; auch als EN mit Ἡδυλίνη (Attika IV<sup>a</sup>), [[Ἡδύλειος]] (Delos III<sup>a</sup>); dazu noch Ἡδυτώ (Attika V<sup>a</sup>; nach [[Ἐρατώ]] u. a.), Ἡδάριον (Rhodos; nach den Demin. auf -άριον). Rückbildung [[ἦδος]] [[Essig]] (Ath. u. a.), vgl. γᾶδος (= ϝ-)· [[γάλα]], ἄλλοι [[ὄξος]] H., zur Bedeutung Schwyzer Festschrift Kretschmer 244ff.; auch Pisani KZ 68, 176f. (wo noch das mehrdeutige arm. ''k''‘''ac̣ax'' [[Essig]] herangezogen wird). Denominatives Verb [[ἡδύνω]] [[versüßen]], [[schmackhaft machen]], [[würzen]] (ion. att.) mit [[ἥδυσμα]], -[[μάτιον]] [[Würze]] (ion. att.), [[ἡδυσμός]] [[süßer Geschmack]] (LXX), [[ἡδυντός]], -τικός, -τήρ [[gewürzt]] (auch auf das Salz bezogen).<br />'''Etymology''' : Altes Wort für [[süß]], mit aind. ''svādú''-, gall. ''Suadu''-''rīx'', -''genus'' identisch, idg. *''suādú''-''s''; dazu noch mit regelmäßiger Umbildung des ''u''-Stammes lat. ''suāvis'', germ., z. B. ahd. ''suozi'', ags. ''swēte'' [[süß]]. Die auffallende Hochstufe des Positivs stammt wahrscheinlich aus dem Komparativ [[ἡδίων]], aind. ''svā́dīyas''- (wozu noch [[ἥδιστος]] = ''svā́diṣṭha''-). Die Schwundstufe ist durch lit. ''súdyti'' [[würzen]], [[salzen]], aind. ''sūdáyati'', Perf. pl. ''su''-''ṣūd''-''imá'' [[schmackhaft machen]], [[gehörig einrichten]] vertreten. — Weitere Formen mit Lit. bei WP. 2, 516f., W.-Hofmann s. ''suāvis''. S. auch [[ἥδομαι]], [[ἁνδάνω]].<br />'''Page''' 1,623 | ||
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{{WoodhouseReversedUncategorized | {{WoodhouseReversedUncategorized | ||
|woodrun=[[acceptable]], [[charming]], [[cheering]], [[comfortable]], [[delightful]], [[joyful]], [[merry]], [[pleasant]], [[pleased]], [[pleasing]], [[satisfied]], [[welcome]], [[causing comfort]], [[charmed]], [[extraining]], [[making cheerful]], [[making glad]], [[making happy]], [[to the taste]] | |woodrun=[[acceptable]], [[charming]], [[cheering]], [[comfortable]], [[delightful]], [[joyful]], [[merry]], [[pleasant]], [[pleased]], [[pleasing]], [[satisfied]], [[welcome]], [[causing comfort]], [[charmed]], [[extraining]], [[making cheerful]], [[making glad]], [[making happy]], [[to the taste]] | ||
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