μάχη: Difference between revisions

|Definition=ἡ, ([[μάχομαι]]) <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> [[battle]], [[combat]], freq. in Hom., usually of armies, μ. καὶ [[φύλοπις]] <span class="bibl">Il.13.789</span>; ἐπὶ ἶσα μ. τέτατο πτόλεμός τε <span class="bibl">12.436</span>; μ. ἐνοπή τε <span class="bibl">12.35</span>; μάχαι τ' ἀνδροκτασίαι τε <span class="bibl">7.237</span>; sometimes of [[single combat]], ib.<span class="bibl">158</span>,<span class="bibl">232</span>,<span class="bibl">263</span>; <b class="b3">μ. καὶ δηϊοτής</b> ib.<span class="bibl">290</span>; ναῶν ἐν μάχαις <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>9.34</span>; μάχαις καὶ ναυμαχίαις <span class="bibl">Lys.30.26</span>; μάχη δορός <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>439</span> (lyr.), etc.: with Verbs, <b class="b3">μάχην μάχεσθαι</b> [[fight]] a [[battle]], <span class="bibl">Il.15.414</span>, etc.; θήσονται μ. <span class="bibl">24.402</span>; μάχας εἰσήλυθον <span class="bibl">2.798</span>; ἀρτύνθη μ. <span class="bibl">11.216</span>; μ. ἤγειραν <span class="bibl">17.261</span>; <b class="b3">μ. ὀρνύμεν, ὤτρυνον</b>, <span class="bibl">9.353</span>, <span class="bibl">12.277</span>; συμφερόμεσθα μάχῃ <span class="bibl">11.736</span>; πειρᾶτο μάχας <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>1.43</span>; <b class="b3">ἀντιάζειν τινὶ μάχαν</b> ib.<span class="bibl">67</span>; σὺν γυναιξὶ τὰς μ. ποιούμενος <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>302</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>3.3.29</span>; μάχην συνάψαι ἐμβολαῖς <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>336</span>; <b class="b3">μ. συμβάλλειν τινί</b> [[engage]] [[battle]] with... <span class="bibl">E. <span class="title">Ba.</span>837</span>; <b class="b3">διὰ μάχης τινὶ ἀπικέσθαι, ἔρχεσθαι, ἥκειν</b>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.169</span>,<span class="bibl">6.9</span>, <span class="bibl">A. <span class="title">Supp.</span>475</span>; διὰ μάχης ἐκβαλεῖν τινα <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1303a35</span> (so <b class="b3">ἐξέπεσον διὰ μάχης</b> ib.<span class="bibl">34</span>); <b class="b3">εἰς μάχην πρός τινα ἐλθεῖν, μολεῖν</b>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ba.</span>636</span> (troch.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ph.</span>694</span>; ἐς μάχην ἐπεξιέναι τινί <span class="bibl">Th.2.23</span>; μάχης γενομένης <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>869c</span>; <b class="b3">μάχῃ κρατῆσαι</b> [[conquer]] [[in battle]], <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">HF</span>612</span>, <span class="bibl">D.18.193</span> (with [[varia lectio|v.l.]] [[μάχην]]); νενικήκαμεν τὴν μεγάλην μ. <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>7.5.53</span>; Μιλτιάδης ὁ τὴν ἐν Μαραθῶνι μ. τοὺς βαρβάρους νικήσας <span class="bibl">Aeschin.3.181</span>; <b class="b3">μάχη τινός</b> [[battle]] with an [[enemy]], Αἴαντος δ' ἀλέεινε μ. <span class="bibl">Il.11.542</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Sc.</span>361</span>; μ. ὑπέρ τινος <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>7.42</span>; περί τι <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>919b</span>: pl., [[strife]]s, ἔρις τε… πόλεμοί τε μάχαι τε <span class="bibl">Il.1.177</span>; μάχας ἐν λόγοις ποιεῖσθαι <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ti.</span>88a</span>, etc.: generally, [[contention]], [[strife]], <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ep.</span>352c</span>, etc.; μάχης ἐάν τις ἄρξηται <span class="title">SIG</span>1109.72 (ii A. D.); μ. νομικαί <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ep.Tit.</span>3.9</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> = [[ἀγών]], [[contest]], as for a [[prize]] in the [[game]]s, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>8.58</span> (but [[ἄεθλα]], opp. <b class="b3">μάχαι πολέμου</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">O.</span>2.44</span>). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> [[struggle]], [[μηχανή]] τε πολλὴ καὶ μ. ἦν περί τινος <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span> 7.5.38</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> [[mode of fighting]], [[way of battle]], ἡ μ. [[σφέων]] ἦν ἀπ' ἵππων <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.79</span>; [[ἐπίστασθαι]] τὴν μ. τινῶν <span class="bibl">Id.7.9</span>.ά, cf. <span class="bibl">7.85</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>2.1.7</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">III</span> [[field of battle]], interpol. in <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">An.</span>2.2.6</span>, <span class="bibl">5.5.4</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">IV</span> in Logic, [[contradiction]], [[inconsistency]], <span class="bibl">Epict.<span class="title">Ench.</span>52.1</span>, <span class="bibl">S.E.<span class="title">M.</span>7.392</span>.</span>