στείβω: Difference between revisions

|Definition=<span class="bibl">Il.11.534</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ion</span> 495</span> (anap.): <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> Ep. impf. στεῖβον <span class="bibl">Od.6.92</span>, Iterat. στείβεσκον <span class="bibl">Q.S.1.352</span>: aor. [[ἔστειψα]] (κατ-) <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>467</span>:—[[tread]] or [[stamp on]], [[tread under foot]], of horses, στείβοντες νέκυάς τε καὶ ἀσπίδας <span class="bibl">Il.11.534</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">20.499</span>; <b class="b3">εἵματα . . στεῖβον ἐν βόθροισι</b> [[trod]] the clothes in pits, in order to wash and clean them, <span class="bibl">Od.6.92</span>; ποσὶν σ. δόμον <span class="title">AP</span> 9.327 (Hermocr.):—Pass., κονία στειβομένα <span class="bibl">Theoc.17.122</span>; <b class="b3">αἱ στειβόμεναι ὁδοί</b> the [[beaten]] tracks, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>1.9.13</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> c. acc. cogn., [[tread]] or [[walk on]] a path, κέλευθον ποδί <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hel.</span>869</span>; πέδον <span class="bibl">A.R.3.836</span>; <b class="b3">χοροὺς στείβουσι ποδοῖν</b> [[tread]] measures, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ion</span> 495</span> (anap.); <b class="b3">νομὸν σ</b>. <span class="bibl">Nic.<span class="title">Th.</span> 609</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> abs., [[tread]], κατ' αἰγίλιπος πέτρης σ. κάρηνα <span class="bibl"><span class="title">h.Hom.</span>19.4</span>; ἵνα στείβουσι κύνες <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hipp.</span>217</span> (anap.), cf. <span class="bibl">Opp.<span class="title">C.</span>1.456</span>.</span>

|elnltext=στείβω, ep. imperf. στεῖβον. met acc. stampen op, vertrappen:; νέκυας de lijken Il. 1.534; εἵματα (met de voeten) kleren schoonstampen (om ze te wassen) Od. 6.92; χοροὺς ποδοῖν σ. op de dansplaatsen stampen met de voeten Eur. Ion 495; κέλευθον ποδί σ. ἀνοσίῳ een pad met goddeloze voet betreden Eur. Hel. 869; pass. druk begaan worden (van wegen). abs. lopen, rennen met plaatsbepaling. ἵνα στείβουσι κύνες waar honden rennen Eur. Hipp. 217.

|lsmtext='''στείβω:''' Επικ. παρατ. <i>στεῖβον</i>, μέλ. <i>-ψω</i>, αόρ. αʹ <i>ἔστειψα</i>·<br /><b class="num">I. 1.</b> [[ποδοπατώ]], [[καταπατώ]], [[τσαλαπατώ]], σε Όμηρ.<br /><b class="num">2.</b> με σύστ. αιτ., [[πατώ]] ή [[βαδίζω]] σε έναν δρόμο, σε Ευρ.· επίσης, <i>χορούς στείβειν</i>, [[κινώ]] ρυθμικά τα πόδια μου χορεύοντας, στο ίδ.<br /><b class="num">3.</b> απόλ., [[πατώ]], [[βαδίζω]].<br /><b class="num">II.</b> [[καταπατώ]], στην Παθ., σε Θεόκρ.· <i>αἱ στειβόμεναι ὁδοί</i>, οι δρόμοι που έχουν πατηθεί, σε Ξεν.

|etymtx=Grammatical information: v.<br />Meaning: [[to tread (on something)]], [[to densify by treading]], [[to trod, to trample]] (ep. poet. since Λ 534 a. Υ 499).<br />Other forms: only presentst. except aor. <b class="b3">κατ-έστειψας</b> (S. OC 467; not quite certain), vbaladj. [[στιπτός]] ([[varia lectio|v.l.]] <b class="b3">-ει-</b>) [[trodden solid]], [[solid]], [[hard]](S., Ar.), <b class="b3">ἄ-</b> στείβω [[untrodden]] (S.; also OGI 606?).<br />Compounds: Rarely w. prefix, e.g. <b class="b3">ἐπι-</b>, <b class="b3">κατα-</b>.<br />Derivatives: [[στοιβή]] f. [[stuffing]], [[cushion]], [[bulge etc.]]; often as plantname [[Poterium spinosum]], of which the leaves were used to fill up (Hp., Ar., Arist., Epid. [IVa] etc.), with <b class="b3">στοιβ-ίον</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (Dawkins JournofHellStud. 56, 10), <b class="b3">-άς</b> = [[στιβάς]], <b class="b3">-ηδόν</b> [[crammed in]] (Arist.-comm.), <b class="b3">-άζω</b>, rarely w. <b class="b3">δια-</b> a.o., [[to fill]], [[to stuff]] (Hdt., [[LXX]] a.o.), from which <b class="b3">-αστός</b>, <b class="b3">-αστής</b>, <b class="b3">-ασις</b>, <b class="b3">-άσιμος</b>, <b class="b3">-ασία</b> (hell. a. late). -- Besides zero grade nouns: A. [[στίβος]] m. [[(trodden) road]], [[path]], [[footstep, trail]] (ep. Ion. poet. since h. Merc.; cf. Porzig Satzinhalte 318), [[fullers workshop]] (pap. IIIa). From this 1. [[στιβάς]], <b class="b3">-άδος</b> f. [[bed of straw]], [[reed or leaves]], [[mattress]], [[bed]], [[grave]] (IA.) with <b class="b3">-άδιον</b> n. [[id]]. (hell. a. late), <b class="b3">-αδεύω</b> [[to use like straw]] (Dsc.). 2. [[στιβεύς]] m. [[hound]] (Opp.), [[fuller]] (pap.), = [[ὁδευτής]] (H.), <b class="b3">-εύω</b> [[to track]] (D. S., Plu., H.), = [[πορεύεσθαι]] (H.) with <b class="b3">-εία</b> f. <b class="b2">the tracking etc.</b> (D. S. a.o.), <b class="b3">-εῖον</b> n. [[fullers workshop]] (pap.), <b class="b3">-ευτής</b> m. [[hound]] (Sostrat. ap. Stob.); also <b class="b3">-ίη</b> = <b class="b3">-εία</b> (Opp.; metr. cond.). 3. [[στιβική]] f. [[fullers tax]] (pap. IIIa). 4. [[στιβάζω]] [[to enter]], [[to track etc.]] with <b class="b3">-ασις</b> f. (late). 5. [[ἐστίβηται]] [[has been tracked]] perf. pass. (S. Aj. 874; [[στιβέω]] or <b class="b3">-άω</b>?). 6. <b class="b3">ἄ-στιβ-ος</b> [[unentered]] (AP), usually <b class="b3">-ής</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (A., S., also X. a.o.; joined to the <b class="b3">εσ-</b>stems and connected with the verb), <b class="b3">-ητος</b> <b class="b2">id.</b> (Lyc. a.o.; cf. [[ἐστίβηται]]). 7. [[Στίβων]] name of a dog (X. Cyn.). -- B. [[στιβαρός]] [[solid]], [[compact]], [[massive]], [[strong]] (ep. poet. Il., also hell. a. late prose); like [[βριαρός]] a.o.; Chantraine Form. 227, also Benveniste Origines 19; cf. also Treu Von Homer zur Lyrik 49, <b class="b3">-αρηδόν</b> adv. [[compact]] (opposite [[σποράδην]]; late). -- C. With long vowel [[στίβη]] f. [[ripe]] (Od., Call.), <b class="b3">-ήεις</b> (Call.); on the meaning cf. [[πάγος]], [[πάχνη]] to [[πήγνυμι]].<br />Origin: IE [Indo-European] [1015] <b class="b2">*steib-</b> [[(become) stiff]], [[fixed]]<br />Etymology: From the Greek material the essential meaning appears to be the idea [[tread (with the feet)]], [[make solid]], [[fill up, press together]] ([[στοιβή]], [[στιβάς]], <b class="b3">στι-βαρός</b>), from where [[tread]] with [[path]], [[trace]], [[track]] ([[στείβω]], [[στίβος]], [[στιβεύω]]). -- Exact agreements outside Greek for [[στείβω]] and related [[στίβος]], [[στιβαρός]] are missing. Nearest comes Arm. [[stēp]], gen. [[-oy]] [[frequent]], [[incessant]], [[permanent]] (adj. and adv.; on the meaning cf. [[πυκνός]]) with [[stip-em]] [[press]], [[urge]], [[-aw]], [[-ov]] [[quick]], [[diligent(ly)]] from IE <b class="b2">*stoibo-</b> or <b class="b2">*steibo-</b>; so an exampel of the very rare IE b? Beside it with [[p]] the Lat. secondary formation [[stīpāre]] [[press to gether]], [[press]], [[heap]], [[fill up]]; here also the Corinth. PN [[Στίπων]] (IG 4, 319)? -- To this can be connected in diff. languages on the one hand expressions for [[fixed]], [[stiff etc.]]: Germ., e.g. OE, MHG [[stīf]] [[stiff]], [[straight]], Balt., e.g. Lith. <b class="b2">stimpù</b>, <b class="b2">stìpti</b> [[become stiff or frozen]], <b class="b2">stiprùs</b> [[strong]], [[steady]]; on the other hand words for [[bar]], [[stalk]], [[post etc.]] in Lat. [[stīpes]] [[pole]], [[stem]], [[bar]], [[stipula]] [[straw]] and, with b (IE b as in [[στείβω]]), Lith., e.g. <b class="b2">stíebas</b> [[mast(tree)]], [[pillar]], [[stalk etc.]], Slav., e.g. Russ. <b class="b2">stébelь</b> [[stalk]] etc. -- Further forms w. rich lit. in WP 2, 646ff., Pok. 1015f., W.-Hofmann s. [[stīpō]], [[stips]], [[stipula]], Fraenkel and Vasmer s. vv. (Not hereVgl. [[στῖφος]], [[στιφρός]].)