ἀμολγός: Difference between revisions

|Definition=ὁ, Hom. always in the phrase <b class="b3">νυκτὸς ἀμολγῷ</b>, usually of [[dead]] of night, <span class="bibl">Il.11.173</span>, <span class="bibl">15.324</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">h.Merc.</span>7</span>; also of evening twilight, <span class="bibl">Il.22.317</span> (when Venus is seen), and morning twilight, ib.<span class="bibl">28</span> (when Sirius rises in autumn); ἱερᾶς νυκτὸς ἀμολγόν <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Fr.</span>69</span>; [[ἀμολγός]] alone, <span class="bibl">Orph.<span class="title">H.</span>34.12</span>, [[falsa lectio|f.l.]] in <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Fr.</span>781.6</span>:—as Adj., [[νύξ]] ib.<span class="bibl">104</span>. (Derived by <span class="bibl">Eust. 1018.21</span> from [[ἀμολγός]], Achaean for [[ἀκμή]], but more prob. = [[milking-time]].)  

|dgtxt=-οῦ, ὁ<br /><b class="num">• Prosodia:</b> [ᾰ-]<br /><b class="num">I</b> subst.<br /><b class="num">1</b> (ἐν) νυκτὸς ἀμολγῷ [[en plena noche]], [[en la oscuridad de la noche]], <i>Il</i>.11.173, 15.324, 22.28, 317, <i>Od</i>.4.841, <i>h.Merc</i>.7, <i>h.Hom</i>.18.7<br /><b class="num">•</b>[[la oscuridad (de la noche)]] προφυγὼν ἱερᾶς νυκτὸς ἀμολγόν A.<i>Fr</i>.103, δι' ἀμολγοῦ, νυκτὸς ἐν ἡσυχίαισιν Orph.<i>H</i>.34.12, cf. quizá <i>ICr</i>.2.19.7.10 (Falasarna, Creta IV a.C.)<br /><b class="num">•</b>expl. de varias maneras por los comentaristas, τῷ μεσονυκτίῳ, ἤτοι ἐν ἐκείνῃ τῇ ὥρᾳ, ἐν ᾗ ἀμέλγουσιν Hsch.s.u. ἀμολγῷ, ἢ τὸν τοῦ ἀμέλγειν καιρόν. διττὸς δὲ [[αὐτός]], ἢ ἑῷος ἢ ἑσπέριος. καὶ [[ἄλλως]] δὲ, ἀμολγὸς νυκτὸς τὸ πυκνὸν ... Ἀχαιοὶ δὲ ... ἀμολγὸν τὴν ἀκμήν φασιν, ὡς εἶναι νυκτὸς ἀμολγὸν τὴν ἀκμὴν ἤτοι τὸ μέσον Eust.1018.22, cf. 1255.5, [[ἀμολγός]]· σημαίνει ... ἀωρίαν, σκότος <i>EM</i> 1114, cf. 1098.<br /><b class="num">2</b> [[ordeñador]] ἀ., ὁ ἐκπιάζων τὰ πρόβατα <i>EM</i> 129.8G.<br /><b class="num">•</b>fig. [[chupón]], [[explotador]] de políticos ἀμολγοί· οἱ ἀμέλγοντες τὰ κοινὰ καὶ διαφοροῦντες τὰ δημόσια Paus.Gr.α 90, cf. Hsch.s.u. ἀμολγοί, ἀμολγοὺς δὲ τοὺς ἐξαμέλγοντας καὶ ἁρπάζοντας <i>EM</i> 1114.<br /><b class="num">3</b> [[colodra]] σκεῦος ἐν ᾧ ἀμέλγουσι τὸ [[γάλα]] οἱ ποιμένες <i>EM</i> 1114<br /><b class="num">•</b>[[tonel]] (?) σημαίνει ... καὶ ξύλινον οἰνοφόρον <i>EM</i> 1114.<br /><b class="num">4</b> φλογμός (quizá ref. al mediodía, cf. [[ἀμολγάζει]]) <i>EM</i> 1114.<br /><b class="num">II</b> adj. -ός, -όν [[negro]] ἀμολγὸν νύκτα E.<i>Fr</i>.104, σημαίνει μέλαν <i>EM</i> 1114.<br /><b class="num">• Etimología:</b> Tradicionalmente se ha rel. c. [[ἀμέλγω]], pero recientemente se ha puesto en duda, prob. con razón.

|etymtx=Grammatical information: m., (adj.)<br />Meaning: [[darkness]]. Only ([[ἐν]]) <b class="b3">νυκτὸς ἀμολγῳ̃</b> (Il. Λ 173, Ο 324, Χ 28, 317, 4 841). As adj. (prob. a secondary, learned development), E. Fr. 104 <b class="b3">ἀμολγὸν νύκτα Εὑριπίδης Ἀλκμήνῃ ζοφερὰν καὶ σκοτεινήν</b>. <b class="b3">οἱ δε μέρος τῆς νυκτὸς καθ</b>' <b class="b3">ὅ ἀμέλγουσιν</b>.<br />Other forms: <b class="b3">ὀμολγῳ̃ ζόφῳ Η</b>. (ms. [[ὁμολογῶ]])<br />Derivatives: [[ἀμολγαῖος]]: <b class="b3">μάζα ἀμολγαίη</b> Hes. Op. 590 (s. below), <b class="b3">ἀμολγαῖον μαστὸν ἀνασχόμενος</b> AP 7, 657 (Leon.). <b class="b3">ἀμολγάζει μεσημβρίζει</b> [[H]].<br />Origin: XX [etym. unknown]<br />Etymology: The meaning was already lost in antiquity. If a verbal noun of [[ἀμέλγω]], [[ἀμολγός]] is [[the milking]] (oxytonesis then secondary). The expression <b class="b3">μάζα ἀμολγαίη</b> in Hesiod is interpreted by Proklos and in EM s. [[μάζα]] as [[ἀκμαία]]: <b class="b3">τὸ γὰρ ἀμολγὸν ἐπὶ τοῦ ἀκμαίου τίθεται</b>. Thus also Eustathios on Ο 324: <b class="b3">Ἀχαιοὶ δε κατὰ τοὺς γλωσσογράφους ἀμολγὸν την ἀκμήν φασι</b>. But this meaning may have been derived from the text (Leumann Hom. Wörter 274). Nilsson Primitive Timereckoning 35f. took it as the time of milking at the beginning of the night. DELG thinks this interpretation more probable than that as [[fullness]]. Extensive lit. in DELG and Frisk III, e.g. Kretschmer Glotta 22, 262f.; 11, 108; 13, 166f.; Wahrmann Glotta 13, 98ff.; Leumann Hom. Wörter 164; Bolling AJPh. 78, 1958, 165-172; Szemerényi, Gnomon 43, 1971, 654. In my view ([[ε]].) [[ν]]. [[α]]. simply means [[in the darkness of the night]], in [[Λ]] and [[Ο]] of beasts of prey attacking <b class="b2">in (the protection of) the darkness of the night</b>, in [[Χ]] of stars being visible in the darkness. The latter excludes an indication of time, and shows that it must be a clear night, so that a connection with <b class="b2">milk(ing)</b> is excluded. It may be confirmed by the glosses [[ζόφῳ]] and <b class="b3">ζοφερὰν καὶ σκοτεινήν</b>. - If [[ὁμολογω]] point to <b class="b3">*ὀμολγός</b>, and if the <b class="b3">ὀ-</b> is not simply due to assimilation, the alternation [[ἀ]]/<b class="b3">ὀ-</b> would point to a substr. word.

|ftr='''ἀμολγός''': bei Homer nur im Ausdruck (ἐν) νυκτὸς ἀμολγῳ̃.<br />{amolgós}<br />'''Forms''': Außerdem A. ''Fr''. 69, 6 ἱερᾶς νυκτὸς ἀμολγόν und, als Adj., E. ''Fr''. 104 ἀμολγὸν νύκτα (H.), vgl. unten. Orph. ''H''. 34, 12 δι’ ἀμολγοῦ | νυκτὸς ἐν ἡσυχίῃσιν.<br />'''Derivative''': Ableitung [[ἀμολγαῖος]]: [[μάζα]] ἀμολγαίη Hes. ''Op''. 590 (vgl. unten), ἀμολγαῖον μαστὸν ἀνασχόμενος ''AP'' 7, 657 (Leon.). — Verb: [[ἀμολγάζει]]· μεσημβρίζει H.<br />'''Etymology''': Falls Verbalnomen von [[ἀμέλγω]], muß [[ἀμολγός]] ursprünglich die "Melkung" bezeichnet haben (Oxytonierung dann allerdings sekundär). Die Beziehung auf Melkung und Milch ist im Leonidasepigramm bewahrt, vielleicht auch im Ausdruck [[μάζα]] ἀμολγαίη bei Hes., wo es indessen von Proklos und im ''EM'' s. [[μάζα]] als ἀκμαία gedeutet wird: τὸ γὰρ ἀμολγὸν ἐπὶ τοῦ ἀκμαίου τίθεται. Dieselbe Interpretation findet sich auch bei Eustathios zu Ο 324 wieder: Ἀχαιοὶ δὲ κατὰ τοὺς γλωσσογράφους ἀμολγὸν τὴν [[ἀκμήν]] φασι. Wahrscheinlich ist diese Erklärung nur aus dem Epos herausgelesen und hat somit keinen eigenen Wert (Leumann Hom. Wörter 274). Mehr Glauben verdient die Hesychglosse [[ἀμολγάζει]]· μεσημβρίζει. — Das Wort [[ἀμολγός]] war schon im Altertum umstritten, wie u. a. aus H. hervorgeht: ἀμολγὸν νύκτα· [[Εὐριπίδης]] Ἀλκμήνῃ ζοφερὰν καὶ σκοτεινήν. οἱ δὲ [[μέρος]] τῆς νυκτὸς καθ’ ὅ ἀμέλγουσιν. Eine sichere Deutung steht noch aus; nach Nilsson Primitive Timereckoning 35f. bezieht sich der Ausdruck auf die Melkstunde am Beginn oder am Ende der Nacht. Verfehlt Charpentier Symb. phil. Danielsson 13ff. (darüber, mit eigenen Deutungsvorschlägen, Kretschmer Glotta 22, 262f.), Sinclair ClassRev 39, 98ff., Jacoubet REGr 37, 399ff. Weitere Lit.: Kretschmer Glotta 11, 108; 13, 166f.; Wahrmann Glotta 13, 98ff., Leumann Hom. Wörter 164.<br />'''Page''' 1,94