λανθάνω: Difference between revisions

|Definition=Pi.Fr.75.13, etc.:—also [[λήθω]] (which is the form of the Act. generally used in compds., [[διαλανθάνω]] being the sole exception), Il.23.323, S.OT1325 (lyr.), X.Smp.4.48; Dor. [[λάθω]] [ᾱ] S.El. 222 (lyr.); inf.<br><span class="bld">A</span> λᾱθέμεν Pi.O.1.64: impf. ἐλάνθανον Il.13.721, etc.; ἔληθον Od.19.151, S.El.1359; Ep. [[λῆθον]] Il.15.461; Ion. [[λήθεσκεν]] 24.13: fut. λήσω Od.11.102, Ar.Ec.98, etc.; Aeol.inf. λᾱσην Alc.Supp.22.8; Dor. λᾱσῶ Theoc.14.9, al., so (in late writers) [[λήσομαι]], v. infr. c. 11: aor. 1 ἔλησα Nic.Al.280 (but Hom. has <b class="b3">ἐπέλησα</b>, Alc. ἐξέλᾱσα, in causal sense): aor. 2 ἔλᾰθον Il.17.676, etc. (for λέλᾰθον, v. infr. B): pf. λέληθα Semon.7.9, Sol.13.27; Aeol.part. λελᾱθων Alc.Supp.26.8: plpf. ἐλελήθειν, Att. [[ἐλελήθη]], Th.8.33, Ar.Eq.822, Nu.380, Luc.Pr.Im. 15; Ion.3sg. ἐλελήθεε Hdt.6.79.<br><span class="bld">B</span> causal ληθάνω, aor. 2 λέλᾰθον, v. infr. B.<br><span class="bld">C</span> Med. and Pass., [[λανθάνομαι]] Arist.Po.1455a25 ([[si vera lectio|s.v.l.]]), λήθομαι Il.11.790, A.Ag.39; Dor. [[λάθομαι]] [ᾱ] Pi.O.8.72: Ep. impf. λανθανόμην Od.12.227: fut. λήσομαι 1.308; Dor. λᾱσεῦμαι Theoc.4.39, also [[λελήσομαι]] E.Alc.198: aor. 1 ἐλησάμην or λησάμην only in late Ep., Maiist.47, Mosch.3.62 (Dor. λᾱς-), Q.S.3.99, etc.; also [[ἐλήσθην]], Dor. inf. λασθῆμεν Theoc.2.46, cf. [[διαλανθάνω]]: aor. 2 ἐλᾰθόμην, Ep. λαθ-, Il.13.835, E.Hipp.289: rare in Prose exc. in compds., Plu.Caes.38; also Ep. redupl. λελάθοντο, etc., v. infr. c: pf. λέλησμαι S.El.342, Pl.Phdr.252a; Ep. [[λέλασμαι]], part. [[λελασμένος]], etc.; cf. [[ἐπιλήθω]].<br><span class="bld">A</span> in most of the act. tenses, [[escape notice]] (freq. joined with a neg.):—Constr.:<br><span class="bld">1</span> c. acc. pers. only, [[escape]] his [[notice]], λάθε δ' Ἕκτορα Il.22.277; οὐδέ σε λήσει 23.326; οὐ λῆθε Διὸς πυκινὸν νόον 15.461, cf. Od.11.102, al.; [τοῦτον] οὐκ ἔστι λαθεῖν ὄμματα φωτός A.Ag. 796 (anap.); οὐ λάθει μ' ὀργά S.El.222 (lyr.), cf. Ph.207 (lyr.); τουτί μ' ἐλελήθειν Ar.Nu.380; <b class="b3">εἰ λανθάνει σε</b> [[perhaps you don't know]], Men. Sam.78: impers., <b class="b3">λεληθέναι οὐ θαυμάζω τὸ πλῆθος περὶ τούτου</b> it [[escape]]d the [[notice]] of the [[people]], X.Hier.2.5; <b class="b3">σὲ δὲ λέληθεν περὶ τοῦτο ὡς</b>… Pl. Lg.903c.<br><span class="bld">2</span> most freq. with a part. added, in which case we usually translate the part. by a Verb, and express [[λανθάνω]] by an Adv., unawares, without being observed; either,<br><span class="bld">a c. acc. pers.</span>, <b class="b3">ἄλλον τινὰ λήθω μαρνάμενος</b> I am [[unseen]] by others while [[fighting]], i.e. I fight [[unseen]] by them, Il.13.273; πάντας ἐλάνθανε δάκρυα λείβων Od.8.93, cf. 12.17, 220, 19.88, al., Pi.O.1.64, 6.36, Hdt.8.25: freq. in Trag. and Att., <b class="b3">μὴ λάθῃ με προσπεσών</b> lest he come on [[unseen]] by me, S.Ph.46, cf. 156 (lyr.); <b class="b3">ὅπως μὴ λήσουσιν αὐτοὺς αἱ νῆες… ἀφορμηθεῖσαι</b> should put to [[sea]] without their observing them, Th.8.10; or,<br><span class="bld">b</span> without an acc., <b class="b3">φονέα ἐλάνθανε βόσκων</b> he [[maintain]]ed the [[murderer]] [[unawares]], Hdt.1.44; λέληθας ἐχθρὸς ὤν S.OT415; δουλεύων λέληθας Ar.V. 517; συνέβη δὲ ὑπερημέρῳ γενομένῳ λαθεῖν D.21.89: the reflex. Pron. may be supplied and is sometimes added, λέληθεν αὑτὸν τοῖς ξυνοῦσιν ὢν βαρύς S.Fr.103; ἕως σαυτὸν λάθοις διαρραγείς Ar.Pax32, cf. Nu.242, X.An.6.3.22: sts., however, a different object must be supplied from the context, <b class="b3">βάλλοντες ἐλάνθανον</b> (not ἑαυτούς, but Τρῶας) Il. 13.721; ἐλάνθανε [πάντας] ἔχων Hdt.8.5; <b class="b3">μὴ διαφθαρεὶς λάθῃ [τινὰ ὁ βίος]</b> S.Ph.506; μὴ λάθῃ [ἡμᾶς] φύγδα βάς A.Eu.256 (lyr.), cf. Th. 4.133, etc.—In a few examples this constr. is reversed, and [[λαθών]] is put in the part., as in our idiom, <b class="b3">ἀπὸ τείχεος ἆλτο λαθών</b> (for <b class="b3">ἔλαθεν ἁλόμενος</b>) Il.12.390; ἣ… λήθουσά μ' ἐξέπινες S.Ant.532.<br><span class="bld">3</span> rarely c. acc. et inf., <b class="b3">μή σε λαθέτω ὑπερτιθέμεν</b> let it not [[escape]] thee to…, i.e. [[forget]] not to…, Pi.P.5.23; ἔλαθεν αὐτὸν σύνθημα δοῦναι Plu.Arist. 17; <b class="b3">σφᾶς λέληθε Θεόδωρον εἶναι</b> it has been unnoticed that it was…, Paus.9.41.1.<br><span class="bld">4</span> followed by a relat. clause, <b class="b3">οὐδέ με λήθεις, ὅττι θεῶν τίς σ' ἦγε</b> thou [[escape]]st me not, it is not [[unknown]] to me, that some god led thee, Il.24.563; <b class="b3">οὐδέ ἑ λήθει, ὅππως</b>… 23.323; <b class="b3">ἐδόκεες θεοὺς λήσειν οἷα ἐμηχανῶ</b> thou [[thought]]'st to [[escape]] the gods' [[notice]] in…, Hdt.8.106; οὔκουν με… οἷα πράττεις λανθάνει Ar.Eq.465; <b class="b3">οὐ λανθάνεις με, ὅτι</b>… X.Mem.3.5.24, cf. Smp.3.6, 13; <b class="b3">ὁ γείτων λ. τινὰ οὐ μόνον ὅτι πράττει, ἀλλ' εἰ</b>… Pl.Tht.174b.<br><span class="bld">5</span> abs., [[escape notice]] or [[escape detection]], S.Tr.455, Th.1.37, 69, al.; [[λάθε βιώσας]] Epicur.Fr.551; λανθάνει τὸ οὖρον προσπῖπτον Hp.Coac.464.<br><span class="bld">B</span> causal, [[make one forget]] a thing, c. gen. rei, in compds. [[ἐκληθάνω]], [[ἐπιλήθω]]; the simple Verb only in Ep. redupl. aor. 2, <b class="b3">ὄφρα… λελάθῃ ὀδυνάων</b> that… he may [[cause]] him to [[forget]] his [[pain]]s, Il.15.60; πόλιν λελάθοιτε συντυχιᾶν Lyr.Adesp.140.9: but<br><span class="bld">II</span> in late Ep., [[λέλαθον]], = [[ἔλαθον]], escaped notice of, <b class="b3">ἑὸν νόον, τοκῆας</b>, A.R.2.226, 3.779, cf. Orph.A.876.<br><span class="bld">C Med. and Pass.</span>, [[let a thing escape one]], [[forget]],<br><span class="bld">1</span> [[forget]] simply, in pres. (abs.), σὺ δὲ λήθεαι Il.11.790: c. gen., Κίρκης μὲν ἐφημοσύνης… λανθανόμην Od.12.227, cf. Pi.O.8.72; οὔ ποτε λήσομαι αὐτῶν Od.1.308; ἄλγος, οὗ ποτ' οὐ λελήσεται E.Alc.198: mostly in aor. 2, ἀλκῆς λαθέσθαι A.Supp.731; νόστου τε λαθέσθαι Od.9.97; <b class="b3">πῶς ἂν… Ὀδυσῆος… λαθοίμην</b>; 1.65: also in redupl. aor., οὐδὲ σέθεν… θεοὶ μάκαρες λελάθοντο Il.4.127; μή τίς μοι ἀπειλάων λελαθέσθω 16.200; οὐ δυνάμην λελαθέσθ' Ἄτης 19.136 (but in Hes.Th.471 like the Act., <b class="b3">ὅπως λελάθοιτο τεκοῦσα</b> that she might bear [[unknown]]): so in pf., τῶν δὲ λέλασται Il.5.834; ἐμεῖο λελασμένος 23.69; κείνου λελῆσθαι S. El.342, etc.; ἑταίρων πάντων λέλησται Pl.Phdr.252a: with a relat. clause, λελασμένος ὅσσ' ἐπεπόνθει Od.13.92: fut. Med. in pass. sense, once in S., <b class="b3">οὐδέ ποτε λησόμενον οἷον ἔφυ κακόν</b> never will be forgotten, El. 1249 (lyr.); cf. [[ἐπιλανθάνω]].<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[forget purposely]], [[pass over]], <b class="b3">ἢ λάθετ' ἢ οὐκ ἐνόησεν</b> either he chose to forget it…, Il.9.537; μαθοῦσιν αὐδῶ, κοὐ μαθοῦσι λήθομαι A.Ag.39.<br><span class="bld">II</span> in later writers fut. Med. is used like Act., [[escape notice]], ἡμᾶς Arist.APr.66a31, cf. A.R.3.737, Luc.Sacr.14: abs., Alciphr.3.52.