μέτρον: Difference between revisions

|Definition=τό,<br><span class="bld">A</span> [[that by which anything is measured]]:<br><span class="bld">1</span> [[measure]], [[rule]], μέτρ' ἐν χερσὶν ἔχοντες Il.12.422; ἐν μέτροισι ταμὼν δόνακας ''h.Merc.''47; [[πάντ' ἄνδρα πάντων χρημάτων μέτρον εἶναι]] = man is a [[measure]] of all things, Pl.''Tht.''183c, cf. Protag. ap. [[Aristotle|Arist.]]''[[Metaphysics|Metaph.]]''1053a36; μ. αὐτῷ οὐχ ἡ [[ψυχή]], ἀλλ' ὁ [[νόμος]] [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Cyropaedia|Cyr.]]''1.3.18.<br><span class="bld">b</span> Math., [[measure]], [[divisor]], Eratosth. ap. Nicom.''Ar.''1.13, etc.<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[measure of content]], whether solid or liquid, δῶκεν μέθυ, χίλια μ. Il.7.471; εἴκοσι δ' ἔστω μ.… ἀλφίτου Od.2.355; ὕδατος ἀνὰ εἴκοσι μ. χεῦε 9.209, cf. Il.23.268, 741, Hes.''Op.''350, 600, etc.; at Samos, of the [[μέδιμνος]], ''SIG''976.55 (ii B.C.); in [[Egypt]], of the [[ἀρτάβη]], μ. δοχικόν ''PTeb.''11.6 (ii B.C.); also of smaller units, as <b class="b3">μ. ἑξαχοίνικον</b> ib.105.40 (ii B.C.); <b class="b3">μέτροις καὶ σταθμοῖς</b> [[by measure]] and [[weight]], Decr. ap. And.1.83; in the widest sense, either [[weight]] or [[measure]], Φείδωνος τοῦ τὰ μ. ποιήσαντος Πελοποννησίοισι [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]6.127; <b class="b3">μ. οἰνηρά, σιτηρά</b>, [[Aristotle|Arist.]]''[[Nicomachean Ethics|EN]]''1135a2; Κιλικίῳ μ. μετρεῖν ''OGI''579.2 (Cilicia).<br><span class="bld">3</span> any [[space]] [[measured]] or [[measurable]], [[length]], [[size]], in plural, [[dimension]]s, <b class="b3">μέτρα κελεύθου</b> the [[length]] of the [[way]], Od.4.389; μέτρα θαλάσσης Hes.''Op.''648, Orac. ap. [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.47; <b class="b3">μορφῆς μέτρα</b> [[bodily]] [[dimension]]s, E.''Alc.''1063; <b class="b3">τὰ μ. τοῦ λίθου</b> its [[distance]]s from a given point in given directions, its [[position]], [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]2.121.ά, cf. Pl.''Lg.'' 843e, Plu.''Sol.''23; ἄστρων μέτρα S.''Fr.''432.8; ἀπέχει… θαλάσσης μέτρον ἑξήκοντα σταδίους Th.8.95; <b class="b3">τῷ Ἴστρῳ ἐκ τῶν ἴσων μ. ὁρμᾶται [ὁ Νεῖλος]</b> starts from the same [[distance]]s as (i.e. the position corresponding to the source of) the Ister, [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]2.33; εἰδέναι τὴν ἑαυτοῦ χώραν μέτρῳ καὶ τόπῳ [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Cyropaedia|Cyr.]]''8.5.3; ἐντὸς τῶν μ. τετμημένον μέταλλον Hyp.''Eux.''35; later of [[time]], [[duration]], μέτρα βίοιο ἄρκια ''APl.''4.333 (Antiphil.); <b class="b3">ἐτέων μέτρα, ὡράων μέτρον</b>, ''AP''7.334,9.481; <b class="b3">μέτρα ἐνιαυτῶν, νυκτός</b>, Arat.464.731; χρονικὰ μ. Simp. in de An.299.37.<br><span class="bld">b</span> [[limit]], [[goal]], <b class="b3">ὅρμου μ.</b> the [[goal]] which is the [[mooring]]-[[place]], Od.13.101; <b class="b3">ἥβης μ. ἱκέσθαι</b> the [[term]] which is [[puberty]], Il.11.225, Hes. ''Op.''132; but, <b class="b3">ἥβης μ. ἔχειν</b> [[full measure]] of [[youthful]] [[vigour]], ib. 438, Thgn.1119; σοφίης, γνωμοσύνης μ. Sol.13.52, 16.2.<br><span class="bld">4</span> [[due measure]] or [[limit]], [[proportion]], μέτρα [[φυλάσσεσθαι]] Hes.''Op.''694; χρὴ κατ' αὐτὸν παντὸς ὁρᾶν μέτρον Pi.''P.''2.34; μέτρα μὲν γνώμᾳ διώκων, μέτρα δὲ καὶ κατέχων Id.''I.''6(5).71; κατὰ μέτρον Hes.''Op.''720; πίνειν ὑπὲρ μέτρον Thgn.498; προστιθεὶς μ. A.''Ch.''797 (lyr.); <b class="b3">τί μ. κακότατος ἔφυ</b>; S.''El.''236 (lyr.); <b class="b3">μέτρον ἔχει</b> have a [[moderate|moderating]] [[power]], Pl.''Lg.''836a; πλέον πίνειν τοῦ μέτρου Id.''R.''621a; μ. ἔχειν Id.''Lg.''957a; [[μέτρῳ]] = [[μετρίως]], [[καταβαίνειν]] Pi.''P.''8.78; οὐδεὶς τῷ μ. τὸ πίνειν ἔστεργε Alciphr. 3.32.<br><span class="bld">5</span> <b class="b3">τίς ἱππείοις ἐν ἔντεσσιν μέτρα… ἐπέθηκ</b>' [[check]]s, i.e. [[bit]]s, Pi.''O.''13.20.<br><span class="bld">II</span> [[metre]], Ar.''Nu.''638, 641, etc.; opp. [[μέλος]] ([[music]]) and [[ῥυθμός]] ([[time]]), [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Gorgias|Grg.]]'' 502c, etc.; <b class="b3">λόγους ψιλοὺς εἰς μέτρα τιθέντες</b> putting into [[verse]], Id.''Lg.''669d; τὰ ἐν μέτρῳ πεποιημένα ἔπη [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Memorabilia|Mem.]]'' 1.2.21.<br><span class="bld">2</span> pl., [[verses]], Pl.''Ly.''205a. (I.-E. *métro-m from *métro-m [[measuring]] [[instrument]]', cf. Goth. mitan '[[measure]]'.)