ὑπό: Difference between revisions

|txtha=(i. e. Latin sub ([[Curtius]], § 393)), preposition, [[under]], in [[secular]] authors used [[with]] the genitive, dative, and accusative, [[but]] in the N. T. [[with]] the genitive and accusative [[only]]. (On the [[use]] and the [[omission]] of elision [[with]] it [[before]] words [[beginning]] [[with]] a vowel, [[see]] WH's Appendix, p. 146{b}; Tdf Proleg., p. 4, (addenda et emendanda).) I. [[with]] the genitive (cf. Winer's Grammar, 364 (342), 368f, (346); Buttmann, § 147,29), it is used:<br /><b class="num">1.</b> [[properly]], in a [[local]] [[sense]], of [[situation]] or [[position]] [[under]] [[something]] [[higher]], as [[ὑπό]] χτονος, [[often]] from Homer down; ὁ [[ἐπί]] γῆς [[καί]] [[ὑπό]] γῆς [[χρυσός]], [[Plato]], legg. 5, p. 728a.; [[hence]],<br /><b class="num">2.</b> [[metaphorically]], of the [[efficient]] [[cause]], as [[that]] [[under]] the [[power]] of [[which]] an [[event]] is conceived of as [[being]]; [[here]] the Latin uses ἆ or ἀβ, and the English by; [[thus]] a. [[after]] [[passive]] verbs — [[with]] the genitive of a [[person]]: L T Tr WH); ); R G; L T Tr WH); R G L); φωνῆς ἐνεχθείσης [[ὑπό]] τῆς μεγαλοπρεποῦς δόξης, [[when]] a [[voice]] [[was]] brought by the [[majestic]] [[glory]] (cf. R. V. marginal [[reading]]), i. e. came down to him from God, [[γίνομαι]], to be done, effected, R L in brackets; γίνεται τίνι [[ἐπιβουλή]], ἡ [[ἐπιτιμία]] ἡ [[ὑπό]] τῶν πλειόνων, [[namely]], ἐπιτιμηθεισα, [[πορεύω]], at the [[end]]); πάσχειν [[ὑπό]] τίνος, [[Homer]], Iliad 11,119; [[Thucydides]] 1,77; [[Xenophon]], symp. 1,9; Cyril 6,1, 36; Hier. 7,8); ἀπολέσθαι, to [[perish]], [[Herodotus]] 3,32on); ὑπομένειν τί, [[ἀντιλογία]], 2); λαμβάνειν [[namely]], [[πληγάς]], to be [[beaten]], ἀποκτεῖναι ἐν ῤομφαία [[καί]] [[ὑπό]] τῶν θηρίων τῆς γῆς, by the [[wild]] beasts, ) (so ὠλεσε θυμόν ὑφ' Ἐκτορος, [[Homer]], Iliad 17,616; cf. Matthiae, ii., p. 1393; (Buttmann, 341 (293))). II. [[with]] the accusative (Winer's Grammar, § 49, k.);<br /><b class="num">1.</b> of [[motion]], in [[answer]] to the [[question]] '[[whither]]?': to [[come]] [[ὑπό]] [[τήν]] στέγην, ἐπισυνάγειν, [[ἔχω]] τινα ὑπ' ἐμαυτόν, γίνεσθαι, [[born]] [[under]] i. e. [[subject]] to, Rst εἰς ὑπκρισιν).<br /><b class="num">2.</b> of [[situation]], [[position]], [[tarrying]]: [[after]] κατασκηνοῦν, [[κάθημαι]], [[εἶναι]]: (to and [[under]]) in a [[local]] or [[proper]] [[sense]], ἡ [[ὑπό]] ([[τόν]]) ὀυρνανος [[namely]], [[χώρα]], πάσῃ κτίσει τῇ [[ὑπό]] [[τόν]] οὐρανοῦ, [[namely]], οὔσῃ, τά [[ὑπό]] [[τόν]] οὐρανόν [[namely]], [[ὄντα]], τά [[ὑπό]] σελήνην, [[Philo]] de vit. Moys. ii., § 12); [[εἶναι]] [[ὑπό]] τινα or τί, to be [[under]], i. e. [[subject]] to the [[power]] of, [[any]] [[person]] or [[thing]]: [[ὑπό]] ἐξουσίαν [[namely]], ὤν, L WH brackets [[read]] [[ὑπό]] ἐξουσίαν τασσόμενος ([[set]] [[under]] [[authority]]), so [[also]] the Sinaiticus [[manuscript]]); οἱ [[ὑπό]] νόμον, [[namely]], ὄντες, [[ὑπό]] ἐκπληξιν [[εἶναι]], Protevangelium Jacobi, 18). τηρεῖν τινα, φρουρεῖσθαι, sub (cf. sub vespe. [[ram]]), equivalent to [[about]] ([[see]] examples from the Greek writings in Passow, p. 2111{a}; (Liddell and Scott, [[under]] the [[word]], C. III.)): [[ὑπό]] [[τόν]] ὄρθρον, [[about]] daybreak, R G is counted (cf. III. in Composition [[ὑπό]] denotes:<br /><b class="num">1.</b> [[locality]], [[under]]: [[ὑποκάτω]], [[ὑποπόδιον]], [[ὑπωπιάζω]], [[ὑποδέω]]; of the [[goal]] of [[motion]], i. e. [[ὑπό]] τί, as [[ὑποδέχομαι]] ([[under]] [[one]]'s [[roof]]); [[ὑπολαμβάνω]] (to [[receive]] by [[standing]] [[under]]); [[ὑποβάλλω]], [[ὑποτίθημι]]; tropically, in expressions of [[subjection]], [[compliance]], etc., as [[ὑπακούω]], [[ὑπακοή]], ὑπηκως, [[ὑπόδικος]], [[ὕπανδρος]], [[ὑπάγω]], [[ὑπολείπω]], [[ὑποχωρέω]].<br /><b class="num">2.</b> [[small]] in [[degree]], [[slightly]], as [[ὑποπνέω]].