τρέπω: Difference between revisions

|Definition=Il.8.399, etc.: <span class="bld">A</span> fut. τρέψω 15.261, etc.: aor. 1 ἔτρεψα 18.469, etc., Ep. [[τρέψα]] 16.645: besides aor. 1 Hom. has aor. 2 ἔτρᾰπον, Od.4.294, al., also Pi.''O.''10(11).15 (sts. also intr., v. [[περιτρέπω]] ''ΙΙ'' and perhaps Il.16.657, cf. ''III'' fin.): Aeol. aor. ἔτροπον, v. [[ἀνατρέπω]]: pf. τέτροφα Ar.''Nu.''858, Anaxandr.51, (ἀνα-) S.''Tr.''1009 (lyr.), And.1.131; later τέτρᾰφα Din.1.108, (ἀνα-) ib.30, D.18.296 (cod. S), Aeschin.1.190, 3.158 (but cf. Wackernagel Studien zum griech. Perf.15); ἐπι-τέτραφα Plb.30.6.6:—Med., fut. τρέψομαι [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.97, Hp.''Prog.''20, E. ''Hipp.''1066, etc.: aor. ἐτρεψάμην Od.1.422, E.''Heracl.''842: also aor. 2 ἐτραπόμην Il.16.594, [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]2.3, al. (used also in pass. sense, (ἀν-) Il.6.64, 14.447, and once in Att., (ἀν-) [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Cratylus|Cra.]]''395d); imper. τραποῦ Ar.''Ra.'' 1248: pf. (v. infr.):—Pass., fut. τρᾰπήσομαι Plu.''Nic.''21, etc.; also [[τετράψομαι]] Ph.1.220, (ἐπι-) Pisistr. ap. D.L.1.54: aor. ἐτρέφθην Hom. ''Epigr.''14.7, once in Trag., E.''El.''1046 (v. [[ἐπιτρέπω]]); Ion. [[τραφθῆναι]] Od.15.80, cf. [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]4.12: aor. 2 ἐτράπην [ᾰ] A.''Pers.''1029 (lyr.), Ar.''Ec.'' 416, etc.; [[ἐτρέπην]] (ἐν-) ''UPZ''5.24 (ii B. C.): pf. [[τέτραμμαι]] [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Republic|R.]]'' 519b; 3pl. τετράφαται Thgn.42, cf. Il.2.25 (ἐπι-); 3sg. imper. τετράφθω 12.273; part. τετραμμένος 19.212, etc.: plpf., Ep. 3sg. τέτραπτο Od.4.260; 3pl. τετράφατο Il.10.189.—From the aor. 2 has been formed the pres. ἐπιτρᾰπέουσι, ib.421; cf. [[τραπητέον]].—The Ion. forms used by [[Herodotus|Hdt.]] are pres. Pass. τράπονται 6.33, al.; 3sg. impf. τρέπεσκε 4.128; aor. Pass. [[τραφθείς]] 9.56; but fut. ἐπιτράψομαι is [[falsa lectio|f.l.]] in 3.155, and in the pres. Act. and Pass. codd. vary (both forms in codd. of 2.92 (Act.), τρέπεται 1.117, τράπεται 4.60):—Dor. forms, τράπω ''EM''114.19; fut. ἐπιτραψῶ ''Schwyzer''198.21 (Crete):—[[turn]] or [[direct]] towards a thing, Hom., etc.; mostly followed by a Prep., τ. [φύσας] ἐς πῦρ Il.18.469; ἐς ποταμὸν φλόγα 21.349; <b class="b3">εἰς εὐνὴν τράπεθ' ἥμεας</b> [[show]] us to [[bed]], Od.4.294 (perhaps with a punning reference to [[ταρπώμεθα]] in next line); λέκτρονδε τραπείομεν εὐνηθέντες 8.292 (as though [[τραπείομεν]] in Il.3.441 belonged to [[τρέπω]] and not to [[τέρπω]]; unless there is a [[pause]] after [[λέκτρονδε]]); θυμὸν εἰς ἔργον τ. Hes.''Op.''316; εἰς ἐχθροὺς βέλος A.''Th.''255; πόλεις ἐς ὕβριν Th.3.39; τὸν ἄνθρωπον.. εἰς ἀθυμίαν D.23.194; πρὸς ἠέλιον κεφαλήν Od.13.29; πρὸς ὄρος πίονα μῆλα 9.315; πρὸς εὐφροσύναν ἦτορ Pi.''I.''3.10; τὰς γνώμας πρὸς χρηματισμόν Pl.''Ep.''355b; also ἐπ' ἐμπορίην θυμόν Hes.''Op.''646, cf. Pl. ''Phdr.''257b, ''R.''508c; [[δᾶμος|δᾶμον]] ἐς ἡσυχίαν Pi.''P.''1.70; ἐπ' ἐχθροῖς χεῖρα φοινίαν [[τρέπειν]] = [[turn]] a [[deadly]] [[hand]] against the [[enemy]] [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Ajax|Aj.]]''772; κατὰ πληθὺν τ. θυμόν Il.5.676; ἀντίον Ζεφύρου πρόσωπον Hes.''Op.''594: with Advbs., πάντων ὁμόσε στόματ' ἔτραπε Il.12.24; οὐκ οἶδ' ὅποι χρὴ.. τ. ἔπος S.''Ph.''897; ἐνταῦθα σὴν φρένα E.''IT''1322; [[τὴν]] διάνοιαν ἄλλοσε [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Republic|R.]]'' 393a; ἐκεῖσε τ. τὰς ἡδονάς Id.''Lg.''643c; ἐπὶ τὴν θεραπείαν τὸν λόγον Sor.2.23: c. inf., <b class="b3">σέ.. ἔτραπε.. ὀργὰ παρφάμεν</b> [[lead|led]] thee to [[speak]] [[crooked]]ly, Pi.''P.''9.43:—also in Med., [[τραπέσθαι]] τινὰ ἐπί τι Pl.''Euthd.''303c, cf. ''Chrm.''156c:—Pass., κεῖται ἀνὰ πρόθυρον τετραμμένος Il.19.212.<br><span class="bld">2</span> Pass. and Med., [[turn one's steps]], [[turn in a certain direction]], τραφθῆναι ἀν' Ἑλλάδα Od.15.80; τραφθέντες ἐς τὸ [[πεδίον]] [[Herodotus|Hdt.]] 9.56; ἐς Θήβας ἐτραπόμην Id.2.3; <b class="b3">ἐπὶ Προκόννησον, ἐπ' Ἀθηνέων</b>, Id 6.33, 5.57: with Advbs., <b class="b3">ἀμηχανεῖν ὅποι τράποιντο</b> which way to [[turn]], A. ''Pers.''459; ἀμηχανῶ.. ὅπᾳ τράπωμαι Id.''Ag.''1532 (lyr.); πᾷ τις τράποιτ' ἄν; Id.''Ch.''409 (lyr.); ποῖ τρέψομαι; E.''Hipp.''1066, cf. X.''An.''3.5.13; ποῖ χρὴ [[τραπέσθαι]]; Lys.29.2: c. acc. cogn., <b class="b3">τραπέσθαι ὁδόν</b> [[take]] a [[course]], [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.11, cf. 9.69, Pl.''Sph.''242b; πολλὰς ὁδοὺς τραπόμενοι κατὰ ὄρη Th.5.10; ἐτρέφθην ἥνπερ ἦν πορεύσιμον E.''El.''1046.<br><span class="bld">3</span> in Pass. and Med. also, [[turn]] or [[betake]] [[oneself]], <b class="b3">εἰς ὀρχηστύν, εἰς ἀοιδήν</b>, Od.1.422, 18.305; ἐπὶ ἔργα Il.3.422, etc.; <b class="b3">ἐπ' ἀναιδείην</b> Hom ''Epigr.''14.7; ἐπὶ σωφροσύνην Thgn.379; ἐπὶ ψευδέα ὁδόν [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.117; ἐπὶ φροντίδας E.''IA''646; ἐφ' ἁρπαγήν Th.4.104; ἐπ' εἰρήνην X.''HG''4.4.2; ἐς τὸ [[μαίνεσθαι]] S.''OC''1537; ἐς ἀλκήν Th.2.84; εἰς ἁρπαγὴν ἐπὶ τὰς οἰκίας X.''HG''6.5.30; κατὰ θέαν τετραμμένοι Th.5.9; πρὸς ἀλκήν [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]3.78; πρὸς τὸ [[κέρδιον]] τραπείς [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Ajax|Aj.]]''743; πρὸς λῃστείαν Th.1.5; πρὸς ἄριστον τετρ. [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.63; πρὸς τὸν πότον [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Symposium|Smp.]]'' 176a, etc.; also <b class="b3">τ. πρός τινα</b> [[betake oneself]], have [[recourse]] to him, Cratin.152, X.''An.''4.5.30, [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Protagoras|Prt.]]'' 339e; ἐφ' ἱκετείαν τ. τῶν διωκόντων Id.''Ap.''39a.<br><span class="bld">4</span> Pass. and Med., of places, to [[be turned]] or [[look]] in a [[certain]] [[direction]], πρὸς ζόφον Od. 12.81; <b class="b3">πρὸς ἄρκτον, πρὸς νότον</b>, etc., [[Herodotus|Hdt.]] 1.148, Th.2.15, etc.; also πρὸς τοῦ Τμώλου [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.84; <b class="b3">ἄντ' ἠελίου τετρ</b>. straight towards, Hes. ''Op.''727.<br><span class="bld">II</span> [[turn]], i.e. [[turn round]] or [[turn about]], <b class="b3">πάλιν τρέπειν</b> [[turn back]], ἵππους Il.8.432; τινα ib.399; [[ὄσσε]], [[δόρυ]], 21.415, 20.439; <b class="b3">τὰ καλὰ τ. ἔξω</b> [[turn]] the [[best]] [[side]] [[outmost]], show the best side (of a [[garment]]), Pi.''P.''3.83:—Pass., πάλιν ἐτράπετ' Il.21.468; μή τις ὀπίσσω τετράφθω 12.273; c. gen., [[turn from]]... [[υἷος]] 18.138; <b class="b3">ἐτράπετ' αἰχμή</b> the [[point]] [[bent back]], like ἀνεγνάμφθη, 11.237; of the sun having passed the meridian, πόστην ἥλιος τέτραπται; Ar.''Fr.''163, cf. Antig. ''Mir.''60; also of the [[solstice]], <b class="b3">ἐπειδὰν ἐν χειμῶνι τράπηται [ὁ ἥλιος]</b> (v. [[τροπή]] ''1'') [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Memorabilia|Mem.]]''4.3.8, cf. Pl.''Lg.''915d; τραπείσης τῆς ὥρας Arist. ''HA''628b26:—intr. in Act., <b class="b3">περὶ δ' ἔτραπον ὧραι</b>, v. [[περιτρέπω]] ''ΙΙ''.<br><span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b3">τ. τι εἴς τινα</b> [[turn]] upon another's [[head]], <b class="b3">τ. τὴν αἰτίαν, τὴν ὀργὴν εἴς τινα</b>, Is.8.41, D.8.57; freq. in [[imprecation]]s, <b class="b3">ἐς κεφαλὴν τράποιτ' ἐμοί</b> on my head be it! [[Aristophanes|Ar.]]''[[Acharnians|Ach.]]''833, cf. [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]2.39; <b class="b3">εἰς σεαυτὸν τρεπέσθω</b> on your head be it! ''IG''4.444 (Phlius); ἦ κἀπ' ἐμοὶ τρέποιτ' ἂν αἰτίας τέλος; A.''Eu.''434; [[κατὰ σεαυτόν νυν τρέπου]] = [[keep your ills to yourself]], [[Aristophanes|Ar.]]''[[Acharnians|Ach.]]''1019, ''Nu.''1263; πρὸς ὑμᾶς αὐτοὺς τρέψεσθε Lys.8.19.<br><span class="bld">3</span> [[alter]], [[change]], φρένας Il.6.61; τὰς γνώμας X.''An.''3.1.41; [τὸ χρῶμα] Sor.1.35; [τὸ γάλα] ib.92; ἔτραπεν κεῖνον μισθῷ [[χρυσός]] Pi.''P.''3.55; [[deceive]], Archil.166; ἐς κακὸν τ. τινά Pi.''P.''3.35; ἅττ' ἂν ὑμεῖς ἐξαμάρτητ' ἐπὶ τὸ [[βέλτιον]] [[τρέπειν]] Ar.''Nu.''589 (troch.); ἐς [[γέλων]] τὸ πρᾶγμ' ἔτρεψας Id.''V.''1261, cf. [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]7.105, etc.: Med., <b class="b3">πρὸς τὰς ξυμφορὰς τὰς γνώμας τρέπεσθαι</b> [[shift]] their [[view]]s, Th.1.140, cf. Plu. 2.71e, etc.:—Pass., to [[be changed]], τρέπεται χρώς Il.13.279, cf. Od. 21.413, Hes.''Op.''416; <b class="b3">τὴν χρόαν τρέπεσθαι</b>, of animals, Plu.2.51d; <b class="b3">τῷ χρώματι τρεπομένας</b>, of women, Sor.1.35 (so abs., of a man, Id.''Vit.Hippocr.''5); ὁ οὕτω [[τρεπόμενος]] [[σφυγμός]] Gal.18(2).40; τρέπεται νόος Od.3.147; νόος ἐτράπετ' 7.263; Διὸς ἐτράπετο φρήν Il.10.45; τράπομαι καὶ τὴν γνώμην μετατίθεμαι [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]7.18; <b class="b3">ὁρῶν αὐτοὺς τετραμμένους</b> seeing that they had [[change]]d their [[mind]]s, Id.9.34, cf. Th.4.106; ἐπὶ τὰ βελτίω τρέπου Ar.''V.''986: c. inf., κραδίη τέτραπτο νέεσθαι Od.4.260; ἐτράποντο.. τῷ δήμῳ.. τὰ [[πράγμα]]τα ἐνδιδόναι Th. 2.65: c. acc. cogn., πλείους τραπόμενος τροπὰς τοῦ Εὐρίπου Aeschin. 3.90; <b class="b3">οἶνος τρέπεται</b> the [[wine]] [[turn]]s, [[becomes sour]] (v. [[τροπίας]]), S.E. ''P.''1.41; ἡ ξανθὴ χολὴ.. εἰς τὸν ἰώδη τρέπεται χυμόν Gal.16.534; <b class="b3">ἡ ἀδελφὴ ἐπὶ τὸ κομψότερον ἐτράπη</b> has taken a [[turn]] for the [[better]], ''[[Oxyrhynchus Papyri|POxy.]]''935.5 (iii A. D.); <b class="b3">ἐπὶ τὸ ῥᾷον ἔδοξεν τετράφθαι</b> ib.939.17 (iv A. D.); <b class="b3">τοῦ πατρὸς ἡμῶν εἰς ἄπορον τραπέντος</b> having [[become]] [[destitute]], ''PMeyer'' 8.14 (ii A. D.):—intr. in Act., τοῦ ἄρχοντος τρέποντος εἰς δεσπότην Ph.2.562.<br><span class="bld">III</span> [[turn]] or [[put]] to [[flight]], [[rout]], [[defeat]], τρέψω δ' ἥρωας Ἀχαιούς Il.15.261; ἔτρεψε φάλαγγας Tyrt.12.21, cf. Pi.''O.''10 (''ΙΙ'').15, [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.63, 4.128, Th.1.62, 4.25,33, etc.; in full, φύγαδε τ. Il.8.157; εἰς φυγὴν ἔτρεψε τοὺς ἑξακισχιλίους X.''An.''1.8.24; τρέψαι καὶ ἐς φυγὴν καταστῆσαι Th.7.43 (but ἔτρεψαν ἐς φυγὴν πόδα they fled, E.''Supp.''718):—Med., pres., X.''An.''5.4.16, J.''AJ''13.2.4, Plu.''Cam.''29: fut., [[Aristophanes|Ar.]]''[[The Knights|Eq.]]''275 (troch.): aor. 1, E.''Heracl.''842, X.''An.''6.1.13:—Pass., to [[be put to flight]], aor. 2 ἐτράπην A.''Pers.''1029 (lyr.), [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Cyropaedia|Cyr.]]''5.4.7 ([[varia lectio|v.l.]] ἐτράποντο), etc.: also aor. 1 ἐτρέφθην Id.''An.''5.4.23, ''HG''3.4.14, ''Cyn.''12.5: aor. 2 Med. ἐτραπόμην [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.80, 9.63, etc.; ἐς φυγὴν [[τραπέσθαι]] Id.8.91, Th.8.95; τραπόμενοι κατέφυγον Id.4 54; φυγῇ ἄλλος ἄλλῃ ἐτράπετο X.''An.''4.8.19; ἐτράποντο φεύγειν Plu.''Lys.'' 28, ''Caes.''45: rarely in pf. Pass., τετραμμένου φυγᾷ γένους A.''Th.''952 (lyr.):—also intr. in Act., φύγαδ' ἔτραπε Il.16.657 (unless it [[govern]]s [[δίφρον]]).<br><span class="bld">IV</span> [[turn away]], [[keep off]], οὐκ ἄν με τρέψειαν ὅσοι θεοί εἰσ' ἐν Ὀλύμπῳ 8.451; τ. τινὰ ἀπὸ τείχεος 22.16; ἑκάς τινος Od.17.73 (Med.); τῇ.. νόον ἔτραπεν 19.479: abs., ἀλλὰ Ζεὺς ἔτρεψε Il.4.381; of [[weapon]]s, [[βέλος]].. ἔτραπεν ἄλλῃ 5.187; ἀπὸ ἔγχεος ὁρμὴν ἔτραπε Hes. ''Sc.''456.<br><span class="bld">V</span> [[overturn]], εὐτυχοῦντα μὲν σκιά τις ἂν τρέψειεν A.''Ag.'' 1328 ([[si vera lectio|s. v.l.]]); τ. ἄνω κάτω Id.''Fr.''311.<br><span class="bld">VI</span> [[turn]], [[apply]], τ. τι ἐς ἄλλο τι [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]2.92; <b class="b3">τὰς ἐμβάδας ποῖ τέτροφας</b>; what have you done with your [[shoe]]s? Ar.''Nu.''858; τὸν [[μόναυλος|μόναυλον]] ποῖ τέτροφας; Anaxandr. 51:—Pass., ποῖ τρέπεται.. τὰ [[χρήμα]]τα; Ar.''V.''665 (anap.).