χρή: Difference between revisions

|Definition=impers., Il.1.216, etc.; Aeol. [[χρῆ]] Alc.20, 35, 46; other forms are contractions (crases) of [[χρή]] (prob. orig. a neut. Subst.) with forms of [[εἰμί]]<br><span class="bld">A</span> ([[sum]]): fut. χρἤσται S.''OC''504, ''Fr.''599, Pherecr. 103, Ar.''Fr.''362, Phryn.Com.34 (on this form, for which codd. generally have [[χρῆσται]] or [[χρῆσθαι]], v. Sch.S.''OC''l. c.): subj. [[χρῇ]] S.''Ph.'' 999, E.''Alc.''49, Ar.''Lys.''133; opt. χρείη A.''Pr.''215, S.''Tr.''162, Lys. 12.44, Pl.''Euthphr.''4c; inf. χρῆναι Democr.276, Ar.''Ec.''210, Antipho 5.84, etc.; also [[χρῆν]] (v. infr. ΙΙΙ); part. neut. pl. [[χρηεόντα]] (or <b class="b3">χρὴ ἐόντα</b>) Democr.174: impf. ἐχρῆν Pi.''N.''7.44, A.''Ch.''907, S.''Fr.''107.6 (only here in S., [[χρῆν]] l. 5), Ar.''Ra.''152, al., Antipho 1.1, And.1.114, Lys. 3.22, al., Th.6.57, [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Protagoras|Prt.]]'' 335c, D.4.3, al., etc.: freq. also without the augm., χρῆν Pi.''Fr.''123.1, S.''El.''529, 579, ''Tr.''1133, [[Aristophanes|Ar.]]''[[The Knights|Eq.]]''535 (anap.), al., Lys.8.6, al., Th.3.63, D.15.33, al., etc.; both forms in [[Aristophanes|Ar.]]''[[Acharnians|Ach.]]''540, <b class="b3">ἐρεῖ τις, οὐ χρῆν· ἀλλὰ τί ἐχρῆν εἴπατε</b>: fut. χρήδει [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]7.8: —[[it is necessary]]: c. inf. praes. aut aor., [[it must needs]], [[one must]] or [[ought]] to do (like [[δεῖ]], which is only once used in Hom.), νῦν δὲ χ. τετλάμεν ἔμπης Od.3.209; τὸν νῦν χ. κομέειν 6.207, cf. Il. 1.216, 4.57, etc.; σήμαιν' ὅ τι χ. σοι συμπράσσειν A.''Pr.''297(anap.); <b class="b3">ὅτι χ. πάσχειν ἐθέλω</b> ib.1067; ὅ τι χρείη ποιεῖν Pl.''Euthphr.''4c, cf. 9a; τούτου θανειν χρῆν αὐτὸν οὕνεκ' ἐκ σέθεν; S.''El.''579; χρὴ τὸ λέγειν Parm. 6.1: more freq. c. acc. pers. et inf., [[one must]], ἐμὲ δὲ χ. γήραϊ πείθεσθαι Il.23.644; τῷ σε χ. πόλεμον.. παῦσαι 7.331; <b class="b3">οὐδέ τί σε χ. νηλεὲς</b> ἦτορ ἔχειν 9.496; τί χ. με.. στέγειν ἢ τί λέγειν; S.''Ph.''135 (lyr.): <b class="b3">χρῆν γὰρ Κανδαύλῃ γενέσθαι κακῶς</b> (where [[γενέσθαι]] is inf. of an impers. verb) [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.8.—sometimes the inf. must be supplied from the context, especially in Hom. in phrases like [[τίπτε μάχης. ἀποπαύεαι; οὐδέ τί σε χρή]] (''[[sc.]]'' [[ἀποπαύεσθαι]]) Il.16.721, cf. 19.420; <b class="b3">ὅθι χ. πεζὸν ἐόντα</b> (''[[sc.]]'' [[μάρνασθαι]]) Od.9.50; so in Trag. and Att., <b class="b3">πορθεῖν ἃ μὴ χ.</b> (''[[sc.]]'' [[πορθεῖν]]) A. ''Ag.''342; <b class="b3">φύς τ' ἀφ' ὧν οὐ χρῆν</b> (''[[sc.]]'' [[φῦναι]]) <b class="b3">, ξὺν οἷς τ' οὐ χρῆν</b> (''[[sc.]]'' [[ὁμιλεῖν]]) ὁμιλῶν [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Oedipus Tyrannus|OT]]''1184; <b class="b3">ἔκανες ὃν οὐ χρῆν</b> (''[[sc.]]'' [[κτεῖναι]]) A.''Ch.''930; <b class="b3">ἐπιπλεύσειέ τις ὡς χ.</b> (''[[sc.]]'' [[ἐπιπλεῦσαι]]) Th.2.89; <b class="b3">θύσαντες οἷς χ.</b> (''[[sc.]]'' [[θῦσαι]]) Pl. ''R.''415e; ἀκαιρότερον ὄντα ἢ χ. Id.''Plt.''307e; λαλεῖν μετὰ ἀφελείας ἔνθα χ. Longin.34.2.; so ὡς χ. A.''Ag.''1556 (anap.), etc.—The impf. freq. expresses something that ought to have been, but is not, <b class="b3">ἐνθάδ' οὐ παραστατεῖ, ὡς χρῆν, Ὀρέστης</b> ib.879, cf. S.''Tr.''1133; and sometimes stands for [[χρή]], χρῆν τι λέγειν ὑμᾶς σοφὸν ῳ νικήσετε Ar.''Pl.''487 (anap.), cf. 432: abs., ἐρεῖτις, οὐ χρῆν· ἀλλὰτί ἐχρῆν εἴπατε Id.''Ach.''540.<br><span class="bld">2</span> in Hom. without inf., c. acc. pers. et gen. rei, <b class="b3">οὐδέ τί σε χρὴ ἀφρποσύνης</b> thou [[hast]] no [[need]] of [[imprudence]], i.e. it does not [[befit]] thee, Il.7.109; οὐ μέν σε χ. ἔτ' αἰδοῦς Od.3.14; τί με χ. μητέρος αἴνου; 21.110; <b class="b3">μυθήσεαι ὅττεό</b> (i.e. [[ὅτου]]) σε χ. 1.124; τέο σε χ.; 4.463: <b class="b3">τί χρὴ φίλων</b> is found in most codd. of E.''Or.''667 ([[δεῖ]] cod. V).<br><span class="bld">3</span> c. dat. pers. pro acc. is not found; in Il.5.490, A.''Pr.''3, the dat. belongs to the inf. <b class="b3">μέλειν</b>; in S.''Ant.''736 Dobree restored με for <b class="b3">γε</b>; in E.''Med.'' 886 [[ᾗ]] depends on <b class="b3">μετεῖναι</b>; in ''Ion''1316 Dobree read <b class="b3">τοὺς δέ γ' ἐνδίκους</b>, and in Lys.28.10 <b class="b3">δικαίους.. ὑφελομένους</b> was restored by Cobet.<br><span class="bld">II</span> sometimes in a less strong sense, <b class="b3">πῶς τοῦτο περᾶσαι χρή</b>; [[how is one to get through this]]? Theoc.15.45; <b class="b3">τί ἐχρῆν με ποιεῖν</b>; [[what was I to do]]? D.18.28; <b class="b3">ἓν οὐδὲν κατέστη ἴαμα ὅτι χρῆν προσφερόντας ὠφελεῖν</b> there was no one [[remedy]] by the [[application]] of which one [[could]] (or was [[bound]] to) [[help]] them, Th.2.51, cf. 1.91.<br><span class="bld">III</span> <b class="b3">τὸ χρῆν</b> (inf.) [[fate]], [[destiny]], E.''Hec.''260 ([[si vera lectio|s.v.l.]], <b class="b3">τὸ χρὴ</b> Nauck); τὸ χρή Id.''HF''828; cj. for <b class="b3">τὸ χρεών</b> (monosyll.) in Id.''Fr.''733.3, ''IT''1486.