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ποινή: Difference between revisions
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|Transliteration C=poini | |Transliteration C=poini | ||
|Beta Code=poinh/ | |Beta Code=poinh/ | ||
|Definition=ἡ,<br><span class="bld">A</span> [[ | |Definition=ἡ,<br><span class="bld">A</span> [[blood money]], [[bloodwit]], [[wergeld]], [[were-gild]], [[fine]] paid by the slayer to the kinsmen of the slain, c. gen. pers., ἵνα μή τι κασιγνήτοιό γε π. δηρὸν ἄτιτος ἔῃ Il.14.483; π. δ' οὔ τις παιδὸς ἐγίγνετο τεθνηῶτος 13.659, cf. 9.633; ἐνείκεον εἵνεκα ποινῆς ἀνδρὸς ἀποφθιμένου 18.498.<br><span class="bld">2</span> generally, [[price paid]], [[satisfaction]], [[requital]], [[penalty]], Κύκλωψ ἀπετείσατο π. ἰφθίμων ἑτάρων Od.23.312; δυώδεκα λέξατο κούρους, π. Πατρόκλοιο Il.21.28; πολέων δ' ἀπετίνυτο ποινήν 16.398; υἷος π. Γανυμήδεος 5.266; <b class="b3">τοῖς ἔνι π., ἔστ' ἐπὶ καὶ τῷ π.</b>, Hes.''Op.''749,755; <b class="b3">τῶν ποινήν</b> [[in return for]] these things, Il. 17.207; so also <b class="b3">ποινὴν τῆς Αἰσώπου ψυχῆς ἀνελέσθαι</b> [[accept]] [[satisfaction]] for A.'s [[life]], [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]2.134; <b class="b3">ποινὴν τείσειν Ξέρξῃ τῶν κηρύκων τῶν ἀπολομένων</b> give [[Xerxes]] [[satisfaction]] for the [[death]] of the [[herald]]s, Id.7.134, cf. A.''Eu.''543 (lyr.), S.''El.''564 (pl.), Antipho 2.4.11; [[ποινῆς εἵνεκα]] = [[by way of penalty]], Epigr.Gr.356.3 (Hadriani): freq. in plural, [[Aeschylus|A.]]''[[Prometheus Vinctus|Pr.]]''270, ''Eu.'' 464, etc.; [[ποινὰς τεῖσαι]] to [[pay penalties]], Pi.''O.''2.58; τίνειν [[Aeschylus|A.]]''[[Prometheus Vinctus|Pr.]]''112, [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Cyropaedia|Cyr.]]''6.1.11; δοῦναι E.''IT''446 (lyr.); [[ποινὰς λαμβάνειν]] = [[exact penalties]], Id.''Tr.'' 360; τᾶς ὕβριος ''IG''42(1).122.98 (Epid.).—Rare in Prose, [[δίκη]] being the usual word.<br><span class="bld">3</span> in good sense, [[recompense]], [[reward]] for a thing, [[τεθρίππων]], [[καμάτων]], Pi.''P.''1.59, ''N.''1.70; εὐχὰς ἀγαθὰς ἀγαθῶν ποινάς A. ''Supp.''626 (anap.); ποινὴν εὐσεβίης ''IG''14.1437.<br><span class="bld">4</span> [[redemption]], [[release]], π. τίς ἔσται πρὸς θεῶν; Pi.''P.''4.63.<br><span class="bld">II</span> personified, [[Ποινή]] = [[Poine]], the [[goddess of vengeance]], μᾶτερ, ἅ μ' ἔτικτες… ἀλαοῖσι καὶ δεδορκόσι ποινάν A. ''Eu.''323 (lyr.), cf. E.''IT''200 (lyr.): pl., Aeschin.1.190, Plb.23.10.2, etc.<br><span class="bld">III</span> Astrol., name of a [[κλῆρος]], S.E.''M.''5.15; also of the sixth [[τόπος]], Paul.Al.''M.''1. (I.-E. qu̯oi-nā, cf. Avest. kaēnā- '[[punishment]]', '[[vengeance]]', Lith. kaina, Slav. cèna 'price', cogn. with [[τίνω]], τεῖσαι.) | ||
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===[[retribution]]=== | ===[[retribution]]=== | ||
Arabic: عِقَاب, اِنْتِقَام; Armenian: հատուցում, վրեժ; Belarusian: адплата, кара, помста, расплата; Bulgarian: отплата, възмездие, мъст; Chinese Mandarin: 報應／报应, 惡報／恶报; Czech: odplata, pomsta, trest, odveta; Danish: gengældelse, straf; Dutch: [[vergelding]]; Estonian: tasu, kättemaks; Finnish: rangaistus, kosto; French: [[vendetta]], [[châtiment]], [[punition]]; Galician: castigo; Georgian: სამაგიერო, სანაცვლო; German: [[Vergeltung]]; Gothic: 𐍆𐍂𐌰𐍅𐌴𐌹𐍄; Greek: [[ανταπόδοση]]; Ancient Greek: [[ἀμοιβή]], [[ἀνταπόδοσις]], [[ἀντέκτισις]], [[ἀντίποινα]], [[κόλασις]], [[μετατροπή]], [[νέμεσις]], [[παλίμποινα]], [[ποινή]], [[τιμωρία]], [[τιμωρίη]], [[τίσις]]; Hungarian: megtorlás, büntetés; Irish: agairt, díoltas; Italian: [[retribuzione]], [[vendetta]]; Japanese: 報復, 復讐; Korean: 보복(報復), 복수(復讐); Latvian: atmaksa; Lithuanian: atpildas; Macedonian: одмазда, возврат; Malay: balasan; Maori: ngakinga; Norwegian Bokmål: gjengjeldelse; Persian: پادافراه, انتقام; Polish: zemsta, odwet, kara, pomsta; Portuguese: [[retribuição]]; Romanian: răzbunare; Russian: [[возмездие]], [[воздаяние]], [[кара]], [[месть]], [[отплата]], [[расплата]]; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: о̀дмазда; Roman: òdmazda; Slovak: odplata, pomsta, trest, odveta; Slovene: kazen; Spanish: [[castigo]], [[retribución]]; Swedish: vedergällning; Tagalog: gantindusa; Tajik: интиқом; Turkish: intikam; Ukrainian: відплата, кара, покара, помста, розплата | Arabic: عِقَاب, اِنْتِقَام; Armenian: հատուցում, վրեժ; Belarusian: адплата, кара, помста, расплата; Bulgarian: отплата, възмездие, мъст; Chinese Mandarin: 報應／报应, 惡報／恶报; Czech: odplata, pomsta, trest, odveta; Danish: gengældelse, straf; Dutch: [[vergelding]]; Estonian: tasu, kättemaks; Finnish: rangaistus, kosto; French: [[vendetta]], [[châtiment]], [[punition]]; Galician: castigo; Georgian: სამაგიერო, სანაცვლო; German: [[Vergeltung]]; Gothic: 𐍆𐍂𐌰𐍅𐌴𐌹𐍄; Greek: [[ανταπόδοση]]; Ancient Greek: [[ἀμοιβή]], [[ἀνταπόδοσις]], [[ἀντέκτισις]], [[ἀντίποινα]], [[κόλασις]], [[μετατροπή]], [[νέμεσις]], [[παλίμποινα]], [[ποινή]], [[τιμωρία]], [[τιμωρίη]], [[τίσις]]; Hungarian: megtorlás, büntetés; Irish: agairt, díoltas; Italian: [[retribuzione]], [[vendetta]]; Japanese: 報復, 復讐; Korean: 보복(報復), 복수(復讐); Latvian: atmaksa; Lithuanian: atpildas; Macedonian: одмазда, возврат; Malay: balasan; Maori: ngakinga; Norwegian Bokmål: gjengjeldelse; Persian: پادافراه, انتقام; Polish: zemsta, odwet, kara, pomsta; Portuguese: [[retribuição]]; Romanian: răzbunare; Russian: [[возмездие]], [[воздаяние]], [[кара]], [[месть]], [[отплата]], [[расплата]]; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: о̀дмазда; Roman: òdmazda; Slovak: odplata, pomsta, trest, odveta; Slovene: kazen; Spanish: [[castigo]], [[retribución]]; Swedish: vedergällning; Tagalog: gantindusa; Tajik: интиқом; Turkish: intikam; Ukrainian: відплата, кара, покара, помста, розплата | ||
===[[wergeld]]=== | |||
Arabic: دِيَة; Bulgarian: кръ́внина; Danish: mandebod; Dutch: [[weergeld]], [[bloedprijs]], [[bloedgeld]]; Finnish: veriraha; French: [[prix du sang]], [[wergeld]], [[weregild]], [[wergild]]; German: [[Wergeld]], [[Manngeld]], [[Blutgeld]]; Greek: [[ποινή]]; Ancient Greek: [[ποινή]]; Hungarian: vérdíj, vérpénz; Irish: airgead fola; Latin: [[weregildum]]; Macedonian: крвнина; Ngazidja Comorian: diya; Old French: were; Persian: خونبها; Polish: główszczyzna; Russian: [[вира]], [[вергельд]]; Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: крва̀рина, крвнѝна, вражда; Latin: [[krvàrina]], [[krvnìna vražda]]; Spanish: [[precio de la sangre]], [[wergild]]; Swahili: diya; Swedish: mansbot; Tigrinya: ጋር; Ukrainian: вира; Welsh: galanas; West Frisian: manneboet | |||
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