λείπω: Difference between revisions

|Definition=impf.<br><span class="bld">A</span> ἔλειπον Il.19.288, etc.: fut. λείψω 18.11: aor. 1 [[ἔλειψα]], part. λείψας Ar.''Fr.''965 (= Antiph.32), elsewhere only late, Plb.12.15.12 (παρ-), Str.6.3.10 (παρ-), Ps.-Phoc.77 ([[ἀπ]]-), etc.; uncompounded, Ptol.''Alm.''10.4, Luc.''Par.''42, Ps.-Callisth.1.44 (cod. C); also in later Poets, Man.1.153, Opp.''C.''2.33, and in Inscrr., ''Epigr.Gr.''522.16 (Thessalonica), 314.27 (Smyrna), etc.: but correct writers normally use aor. 2 ἔλῐπον Il.2.35, [[Aeschylus|A.]]''[[The Persians|Pers.]]''984 (lyr.), etc.: pf. λέλοιπα Od.14.134: plpf. [[ἐλελοίπειν]] (Att. -η) [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Cyropaedia|Cyr.]]''2.1.21:—Med., in prop. sense chiefly in compds.: aor. 2 ἐλιπόμην [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.186, 2.40, E.''HF''169, etc. (in pass. sense, Il.11.693, al.):—Pass., fut. Med. in pass. sense λείψομαι Hes.''Op.''200, [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]7.8.ά, 48; also [[λειφθήσομαι]] S.''Ph.''1071, [[λελείψομαι]] Il.24.742, Th.5.105, etc.: aor. ἐλείφθην, λείφθην Pi.''O.''2.43; Ep. 3pl. ἔλειφθεν ''h.Merc.''195: pf. λέλειμμαι Il.13.256, Democr.228, Pl.''Ti.''61a, etc.: plpf. ἐλελείμμην Il.2.700; Ep. [[λέλειπτο]] 10.256: Ep. aor. also [[ἔλειπτο]] A.R.1.45, etc.:<br><span class="bld">1</span> [[leave]], [[quit]], [[Ἑλλάδα]], [[δώματα]], etc., Il.9.447, Od.21.116, etc.: with a neg., [σκόπελον] οὔ ποτε κύματα λείπει Il.2.396; νιν… χιὼν οὐδαμὰ λ. S.''Ant.''830 (lyr.); χερσὶν ὕπο Τρώων λείψειν [[φάος]] ἠελίοιο, i.e. [[die]], [[be killed]], Il.18.11; λ. τὸν βίον ὑπό τινος Pl.''Lg.''872e; λ. [[βίος|βίον]], [[βίοτος|βίοτον]], etc., S.''El.''1444, E.''Hel.''226 (lyr.), etc.; αὐτόχειρι σφαγῇ λ. βίον Id.''Or.''948.<br><span class="bld">b</span> conversely, τὸν δ' ἔλιπε ψυχή Il.5.696, Od.14.426; τὸν… λίπε θυμός Il.4.470; ἔπειτά με καὶ λίποι αἰών 5.685, cf. Od.7.224; λίπε δ' ὀστέα θυμός Il.16.743; [[ψυχὴ δὲ λέλοιπεν]] (''[[sc.]]'' [[ὀστέα]]) Od.14.134; νῦν δ' ἤδη πάντα λέλοιπεν (''[[sc.]]'' [[ἐμέ]]) ib.213; in these two last passages some take it intr., [[is gone]], v. infr. ''ΙΙ''.<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[leave behind]], [[leave at home]], παιδὶ τὸν ἐν μεγάροισιν ἔλειπες Od.13.403, cf. Il.5.480; especially of dying men, [[leave]] (as a [[legacy]]), Ἀτρεὺς δὲ θνῄσκων ἔλιπεν πολύαρνι Θυέστῃ [τὸ σκῆπτρον] 2.106; πατέρι γόον καὶ κήδεα λυγρά 5.157, cf. [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Ajax|Aj.]]''973; παῖδα ὀρφανὸν λ. ib.653; λ. ἄρρενας, θυγατέρας, Pl.''Lg.''923e, 924e; λ. εὔκλειαν ἐν δόμοισι A.''Ch.''348 (lyr.):—also in Med., [[leave behind one]] (as a memorial to posterity), μνημόσυνον λιπέσθαι [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.186, 6.109, al.; λιπέσθαι τιμωρούς E. ''HF''169; διαδόχους ἐμαυτῷ Plu.''Aem.''36, etc.<br><span class="bld">b</span> [[leave standing]], [[leave remaining]], [[spare]], οἰκίαν οὐδεμίαν X.''An.''7.4.1; μηδένα Id.''HG''2.3.41, Pl.''R.''567b, etc.<br><span class="bld">3</span> [[leave]], [[forsake]], Il.17.13, etc.; λ. τινὰ χαμαί Pi.''O.''6.45; εὕδοντα S.''Ph.''273; τὴν αὑτοῦ φύσιν λ. ib.903; λ. τὴν τάξιν Pl.''Ap.''29a, etc.; λ. ἐράνους = [[fail in paying]]... D.27.25, cf. 25.22; λ. [[δασμός|δασμόν]], [[φορά]]ν, [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Cyropaedia|Cyr.]]''3.1.1, 34; λ. [[μαρτυρία]]ν, [[ὅρκος|ὅρκον]], [[fail in]]... D.49.19, 59.60, [[λείπω δίκην]] = [[allow the trial to go by default]], ''SIG''134b24 (Milet., iv B.C.); λοιβὰς… οὐ λίπε = [[neglect]]ed them not, ''IG''3.1337.8.<br><span class="bld">b</span> conversely, [[λίπον ἰοὶ ἄνακτα]] they [[failed]] him, Od.22.119.<br><span class="bld">4</span> Math., [[lose]] or [[drop]] something, i.e. have something subtracted from it, τὸ KP [[λιπὸν τὸ]] BO the area KP [[minus]] the area BO, Apollon.Perg.3.12, cf. Ptol.''Alm.'' 10.4, al., Dioph.2.21.<br><span class="bld">II</span> intr., to [[be gone]], [[depart]], Epigr.Gr.149.2 (Rhenea); v. supr. 1.1b.<br><span class="bld">2</span> to [[be wanting]] or [[be missing]], οὔ τί πω ἔλιπεν ἐκ τοῦδ' οἴκου… αἰκία S.''El.''514 (lyr.); οὔποτ' [[ἔρις]] λείψει κατὰ πόλεις E.''Hel.''1157 (lyr.); τὸ κακοτυχὲς οὐ λέλοιπεν ἐκ τέκνων Id.''HF'' 133 (lyr.); λείπουσιν αἱ ἐκ τῆς κεφαλῆς [τρίχες] [[Aristotle|Arist.]]''[[Historia Animalium|HA]]''518a24; ἔτι ἕν σοι λείπει ''Ev.Luc.''18.22; τί λείπει τῶν ἐπιτηδείων αὐταῖς; Plb.10.18.8; τί γάρ σοι λείπει; Arr.''Epict.''2.22.5, cf. Diog.Oen.64; [εἰς τὴν προκειμένην πραγματείαν] τὸ ὑφ' οὗ γίνεται… μὴ ῥηθὲν οὐ λείπει = [[is]] not [[needed]], Marcellin.''Puls.''69: c. inf., λείπει μὲν οὐδ' ἃ πρόσθεν ἤδεμεν τὸ μὴ οὐ βαρύστον' εἶναι = [[nihil]] absunt quin... [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Oedipus Tyrannus|OT]]''1232: so c. gen., βραχὺ λείπει τοῦ μὴ συνάπτειν Plb.2.14.6, etc.; [[πρότασις]] τῆς προειρημένης λείπουσα ὑποθέσει = a [[proposition]] containing less in the [[hypothesis]] than that [[aforesaid]], Papp.648.1: freq. with numerals, κεφάλαιον γίγνεται μικροῦ λείποντος πέντε καὶ δέκα τάλαντα Lys.19.43; οὐ πολὺ λεῖπον τῶν ἐνενήκοντα ἐτῶν Plb.12.16.13; τριήρεις πέντε λείπουσαι τῶν ἑκατὸν εἴκοσι D.S.13.14: generally, παντὸς μὲν οὖν λείπει Pl.''Lg.''728a; [[ὁ λιπών]] ib.759e; [[τὸ λεῖπον]] [[what is lacking]], Plb.4.38.9, etc.; esp. Gramm., to [[be incomplete]], of a phrase, λειπούσης τῆς φράσεως A.D.''Adv.''159.28, al.; to [[be wanting]], [[omitted]], λείποντος τοῦ καί Id.''Conj.''225.24: also c. dat., λείπει ἡ κεῖνος φωνὴ τῷ ε Id.''Adv.''147.17.<br><span class="bld">b</span> of the moon, to [[be invisible]] (cf. [[λειψιφαής]]), Plot.2.3.5.<br><span class="bld">c</span> [[λείποντα εἴδη]], in Algebra, = [[λείψεις]], [[negative]] terms, Dioph.1''Def.''10.<br><span class="bld">B</span> Pass., to [[be left]], [[left behind]], ἄλοχος Φυλάκῃ ἐλέλειπτο Il.2.700; οἱ δ' οἶοι λείπονται Od.22.250, etc.; also [[ὀπίσσω]], [[μετόπισθε]], [[κατόπισθε]] λείπω, Il.3.160, 22.334, Od.21.116; παῖδες… [[μετόπισθε λελειμμένοι]] = [[left behind]] in [[Troy]], Il.24.687; μόνα… νὼ λελειμμένα S.''Ant.''58, etc.; [[τὸ λειπόμενον βίου]] ([[varia lectio|v.l.]] [[βιοτᾶς]]) Ariphron 1 (= ''IG''3.171).<br><span class="bld">b</span> Math., to [[be subtracted]]: τὸ ἀπὸ τῆς ΔΦ λειφθὲν ὑπὸ τοῦ ἀπὸ τῆς ΔΑ ποιεῖ... the square on ΔΦ [[subtract]]ed from the square on ΔΑ gives... Ptol.''Alm.'' 10.7.<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[remain]], [[remain over and above]], τριτάτη δ' ἔτι μοῖρα λέλειπται Il.10.253; ἐμοὶ δὲ λελείψεται ἄλγεα λυγρά 24.742; ὀλίγων σφι ἡμερέων λείπεται σιτία [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]9.45; ὃ πᾶσι λ. βροτοῖς… ἐλπίς E.''Tr.''681; [[αὐτόνομος|αὐτόνομοι]] ἐλείφθημεν Th.3.11; ἕως ἄν τι λείπηται Id.8.81: impers., [[λείπεται]] = [[it remains]], [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Theaetetus|Tht.]]''157e: c.acc. et inf., πεπληρῶσθαί με Id.''[[Phaedrus|Phdr.]]''235c.<br><span class="bld">3</span> [[remain alive]], πολλοὶ δὲ λίποντο Od.4.495, cf. A. ''Pers.''480, X.''An.''3.1.2.<br><span class="bld">II</span> c. gen.,<br><span class="bld">1</span> to [[be left without]], to [[be forsaken of]], κτεάνων λειφθεὶς καὶ φίλων Pi.''I.''2.11; σοῦ λελειμμένη S. ''Ant.''548; but [[στρατὸν λελειμμένον δορός]] = [[which has been left by the spear]], i.e. not [[slain]], A.''Ag.''517.<br><span class="bld">2</span> to [[be left behind in a race]], Il. 23.407, 409, Od.8.125; [[λελειμμένος οἰῶν]] = [[lingering behind]] the [[sheep]], 9.448; λείπετ'… Μενελάου δουρὸς ἐρωήν = he was [[left]] a [[spear]]'s [[throw]] [[behind]] [[Menelaus]], Il.23.529; [[ἐς δίσκουρα λέλειπτο]] he [[had been left behind]] as much as a quoit's throw, ib.523; κίρκοι πελειῶν οὐ μακρὰν λελειμμένοι [[Aeschylus|A.]]''[[Prometheus Vinctus|Pr.]]''857, cf. E.''Hipp.''1244; [[τοῦ κήρυκος μὴ λείπεσθαι]] = [[not to lag behind the herald]], Th.1.131; but [[ἀπό τινος]] to [[be left behind by one]], Il.9.437, 445; [[λ. βασιλέος]] or [[ἀπὸ βασιλέος]] [[by]] the [[king]], [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]8.113, 9.66; [[λείπεσθαι τοῦ καιροῦ]] = to [[be behind time]], [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Cyropaedia|Cyr.]]''6.3.29; τῆς ναυμαχίης Id.7.168; τῆς ἐξόδου Id.9.19; but, λείπου μηδὲ σύ, παρθέν', ἀπ' οἴκων [[fail]] not [to come] from the [[house]], i.e. [[follow]] us, dub. in S. ''Tr.''1275 (anap.): abs., to [[be left behind]], [[be absent]], [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]7.229, 8.44.<br><span class="bld">3</span> [[come short of]], [[be inferior to]], τινος, like [[ἐλαττόω|ἐλαττοῦσθαι]], [[ἡττάομαι|ἡττᾶσθαι]], [[ὑστερέω|ὑστερεῖσθαί]] τινος, because the Verb has a comp. sense, Id.7.48, etc.; οὐκ ἔσθ' ὁποίας λείπεται τόδ' ἡδονῆς = [[fall short of|falls short of]]... E.''Fr.''138.3; λείπεσθαί τινος ἔς τι or ἔν τινι, [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.99, 7.8. ά (v. infr. 4); περί τι Plb.6.52.8; πρός τι S.''Tr.''266; καμήλους ταχυτῆτι οὐ λειπομένας ἵππων [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]7.86; ξύνεσιν οὐδενὸς λ. Th.6.72; πλήθει λ. X.''HG''7.4.24; πλήθει ἡμῶν λειφθέντες Id.''An.''7.7.31; οὐδ' ἔτι θηρὸς ἐλείπετο δερκομένοισιν, i.e. [[resemble]]d... Epic.in ''Arch.Pap.''7p.4: also c. gen. rei, λειφθῆναι μάχης E.''Heracl.''732; οὐδὲν σοῦ ξίφους λελείψομαι Id.''Or.''1041: Math., [[τὸ ἐγγραφὲν τοῦ περιγραφέντος ἐλάσσονι λείπεται]] the [[inscribed]] [[figure]] [[fall short of|falls short of]] the [[circumscribe]]d by less than... Archim.''Con.Sph.''21: also c. dat. rei, λειφθῆναι μάχῃ [[Aeschylus|A.]]''[[The Persians|Pers.]]''344: c. part., οὐδὲν ἐμοῦ λείπει γιγνώσκων X.''Oec.''18.5; [[λέλειψαι τῶν ἐμῶν βουλευμάτων]] [[you come short of]], [[understand]] not my [[plan]]s, [[Euripides|E.]]''[[Orestes|Or.]]''1085; λέλειμμαι τῶν ἐν Ἕλλησιν νόμων Id.''Hel.''1246: abs., to [[be defeated]], Plb.1.62.6; ὑπό τινος ''AP''11.224 (Antip.); [[λείπεσθαι]] ἐν [τῇ ἀγορανομίᾳ], Lat. [[repulsam ferre]], Plu. ''Mar.''5, etc.: abs., in part., [[ἄνδρας λελειμμένους]] = [[inferior]] men, A.''Fr.'' 37; also, [[λειπόμενοι]] = [[the poor]], IG14.1839.7.<br><span class="bld">4</span> to [[be wanting]] or [[be lacking in]] a thing, [[fail of]] or in, c. gen., ὀδυρμάτων ἐλείπετ' οὐδέν S.''Tr.'' 937; γνώμας λειπομένα σοφᾶς Id.''El.''474 (lyr.); λελειμμένη τέκνων E. ''Ion''680; [[λελειμμένου λόγου]] = [[failing to heed my word]], [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Ajax|Aj.]]''543; μῆνας ἓξ… [[λειπόμενος]] (''[[sc.]]'' τῶν εἴκοσι ἐτῶν) ''Epigr.Gr.''519 (Thessalonica); also, λ. ἐν τῷ μὴ δύνασθαι μηδ' [[ὁρᾶν]] S.''OC''495; v. supr.3.<br><span class="bld">5</span> to [[be in need of]], τῆς σῆς βοηθείας A.D.''Synt.''289.28. (I.-E. leiqu̯-, cf. Lat. [[linquo]], Skt. ric-, pres. 3sg. ri-ṇa-k-ti 'leaves', etc.)