σύ: Difference between revisions

|Definition=[ῠ],<br><span class="bld">A</span> [[thou]]: Pron. of the second pers.:—Ep. nom. τύνη [ῡ] Il.5.485, al. (Lacon. τούνη [[Hesychius Lexicographus|Hsch.]]); Aeol. [[σύ]] Sapph.''Supp.''16.6, 21.9; Dor. [[τύ]] [ῠ] Pi.''O.''1.85, Epich.34, al., Theoc.3.33, etc.; Boeot. [[τού]] [short [[syllable]]] Corinn.''Supp.''2.83, A.D.''Pron.''55.6 (also [[τούν]] ib. 50.27, 55.6): Nom. σύ, Od.18.31, A.''Ag.''1035, Ar.''Nu.''29, etc.; voc., Od.21.193, [[Aristophanes|Ar.]]''[[Acharnians|Ach.]]''165, ''Pl.''1069.—Gen. σοῦ, ''h.Hom.''29.4, elsewhere only Att., [[Aristophanes|Ar.]]''[[Acharnians|Ach.]]''302, etc.; enclit. σου, S.''Ph.''761, ''OT''538, etc.; never in Hom., who uses [[σεῦ]], ll.3.206, al., [[σέο]] ib.446, al. (also in Lyr., Archil.(?)in''PLit.Lond.''54, B.3.65), σεῖο Il.3.137, al.; also [[σέθεν]] 1.180, al. (which also occurs in Lyr., Sapph.33, B.10.9, and Trag., A.''Th.''264, al.), and as enclit. σευ, Il.5.811, al., σεο 1.396: [[Herodotus|Hdt.]] has only σέο 1.124, σεο (enclit.) ib.9, [[σεῦ]] ibid., 3.42,85, 7.38, σευ (enclit.) 3.36,134, 7.49:—Dor. [[τεῦ]], [[τευ]], Theoc.5.19, 10.36, etc.; rarely [[τέο]], Alcm.17; lengthened τεοῦ Epich.145, Sophr.84, and τεοῖο Il.8.37, 468; Boeot. [[τεῦς]] Corinn.24; Dor. [[τεοῦς]] Sophr.59; also [[τιοῦς]] A.D. ''Pron.''74.27; τεῦς Theoc.2.126; τοι [[varia lectio|v.l.]] in Id.7.25; enclit. τεος Sophr.83; Cret. [[τέορ]] [[Hesychius Lexicographus|Hsch.]]; other Dor. forms are [[τίω]], [[τίως]], both Rhinth.13, τίος A.D.''Pron.''75.24.—Dat. σοί, Il.1.158,167, Archil.88, Mimn.8, Sapph.7,99, [[Aeschylus|A.]]''[[Prometheus Vinctus|Pr.]]''3, [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]3.42, 6.86.ά, 7.52, etc.; Dor. [[τοί]] Alcm.86 (oxyt.); Dor., Lesb., and Ion. enclit. τοι Alem.33, Sapph. ''Frr.''2.2,8, Archil.79, Hippon.20, Anacr.44, 75.3, Pi.''N.''3.76, B.10.104, [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.115, 3.35,63,85; in Hom., Lesbian Lyr., and Ion. Lyr. and Prose τοι is always enclit., [[σοί]] never enclit. ([[τοί]] and σοι are not found exc. σοι Od.3.359, 11.381, ς (οι) Il.1.170, and in codd. of Pi.''P.'' 4.270, 9.55; rarer than τοι in [[Herodotus|Hdt.]], 3.69, al.); in Att. both [[σοί]] and σοι (enclit.) are used (σοί Ar.''Nu.''361, etc., σοι ib.87, etc.), [[τοί]] and τοι are not used; σοι is never elided exc. in Il.1.170, τοι is elided in Od. 1.60,347, Alc.55, Id.''Oxy.''1788 ''Fr.''15 ii 9, Sapph.28.2; Ep. and Lyr. also [[τεΐν]], Il.11.201, Od.4.619, Epigr. ap. [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]5.60,61, [[Aristophanes|Ar.]]''[[The Birds|Av.]]''930; also [[τίν]] [ῐ], Alcm.16, Pi.''P.''1.29, 8.68 (dub. l.); τίν [ῑ], Id.''I.''6(5).4, Theoc.2.20 ([[τίν]] before a consonant, Pi.''O.''10(11).93); also [[τεΐ]] Alcm.53; τίνη Rhinth.13.—Acc. σέ, Il.6.256, al.; enclit. σε, 1.26, Sapph.1.2, ''Supp.''23.9, [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]3.42, etc.; in late Gr. [[σέν]], ''Anatolian Studies'' p.76; Dor. [[τέ]] Alcm.52, Pi.''O.''1.48, Theoc.1.5, Call.''Fr.''114; <b class="b3">τ'</b> [[varia lectio|v.l.]] (cod. R) in [[Aristophanes|Ar.]]''[[Acharnians|Ach.]]''779 (on the accent v. A.D.''Pron.''54.14, 83.4); [[τρέ]] (leg. [[τϝέ]]) [[Hesychius Lexicographus|Hsch.]]; or (enclit.) τυ ''IG''42(1).121.69 (Epid., iv B.C.), [[Aristophanes|Ar.]]''[[The Knights|Eq.]]''1225, ''Ach.''730 (dub. in ''Ach.''779), Theoc.1.56,78, etc.:—also [[τίν]] Corinn.4, Cerc.7.6, Theoc.11.39,55,68.<br><span class="bld">2</span> in combination with γε, σύ γε, σέ γε, etc. (cf. [[ἔγωγε]]), [[thou at least]], [[for thy part]], freq. in Hom. and Att.; Dor. [[τύγε]] Epich.[272], Timocr.1 ([[varia lectio|v.l.]] [[τύ γα]]); τύγᾰ Theoc.5.69,71; Boeot. [[τούγα]] A.D.''Pron.''55.6: dat. σοί γε Il.1.557: acc. σέ γε 10.96, etc.:—also σύ περ 24.398.<br><span class="bld">3</span> [[σύ]] c. inf. (as imper.), [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]3.134, 4.163.<br><span class="bld">II</span> Dual nom. and acc. σφῶϊ, Il.1.336, 4.286, al., [[you two]], [[both of you]]; σφώ (not [[σφῴ]], cf. A.D. ''Pron.''85.17), Il.1.574, 11.782, 13.47, S.''OC''344, 1543, etc.—Gen. and Dat. σφῶϊν, Il.4.341, al.; contr. [[σφῷν]] once in Hom., Od.4.62, and always in Att. (Hdn.Gr.1.475) and Trag., e.g. [[Aeschylus|A.]]''[[Prometheus Vinctus|Pr.]]'' 12, S.''OC''342, ''OT''1495, Pl.''Lg.''892e (codd. Pl. have [[σφῶϊν]] in ''Tht.'' 193c, al., σφῶν ''Euthd.''273e, al.). None of these forms are enclit., A.D.''Pron.''38.9, 85.12; cod. A of Pl.''Lg.''658c, 673e, 689a wrongly makes [[σφῳν]] enclit.; <b class="b3">Ζεὺς σφὼ</b> is prescribed in Il. 15.146 by Hdn.Gr.2.93.—[[σφῶϊ]] is never dat.; in Il.4.286 it is the acc. depending on <b class="b3">κελεύω; σφῶϊν</b> is never acc.; in Od.23.52 it is dat. commodi.<br><span class="bld">III</span> Plur. nom. ὑμεῖς, Il.2.75, al. (before a vowel, 4.246, 7.194, al.), Pherecyd.Syr. 11, Democr.29a, [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]3.72, etc., [[ye]], [[you]]; Aeol. and Ep. [[ὔμμες]] Il.1.274, al., Sapph.24, 25; Dor. [[ὑμές]] Sophr.60, [[Aristophanes|Ar.]]''[[Acharnians|Ach.]]''760,761,862; ὑμέν ''SIG''685.118 (Crete, ii B.C.), ''GDI''5155.6 (ibid., ii B.C.); Boeot. [[οὐμές]] Corinn.6; a resolved form [[ὑμέες]], Parth.''Fr.''14, is a poeticlicence (so A.D.''Pron.''93.3) rather than genuine Ionic ([[varia lectio|v.l.]] in [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]8.22).—Gen. ὑμῶν, [[Aristophanes|Ar.]]''[[Acharnians|Ach.]]''143, etc.; [[ὑμέων]] (disyll.) Il.7.159, Od.13.7, al., Archil.74.6 ([[ὑμῶν]] codd.), Sol.11.5 ([[varia lectio|v.l.]] [[ὑμῶν]]) <b class="b3">; ὑμέων</b> also [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]3.73, 6.130, al.; as trisyll., Herod.2.27; ὑμείων Il.4.348, 7.195, al.; Dor. [[ὑμέων]] Sophr.46; also [[ὑμῶν]], A.D.''Pron.''95.23; Aeol. [[ὑμμέων]] Alc. 96; Boeot. [[οὐμίων]] Corinn.22.—Dat. ὑμῖν, Od.2.46, [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.126, etc.; Ion. enclit. ὗμῐν A.D.''Pron.''97.28, also Dor., Sophr.91; Dor. (not enclit.) ὑμίν [ῐ] Id.92; ὑμίν [ῐ] also in [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Ajax|Aj.]]''864, 1242, ''OT''991, 1402, ''Ant.''308, ''El.''804, al. (but [[ὗμιν]] should perhaps be restd. where the sense needs an enclitic on the principle stated by A.D.''Pron.''35.6, 36.5, ''Synt.''130.23); [[ὕμιν]] (as enclit.) is prescribed by Hdn.Gr. (2.124) in Il.24.33, by ''EM''432.34 in Od.1.376, 2.141, etc.:—Aeol. and Ep. [[ὔμμι]], ὔμμῐν, Od. 2.316, 11.336, al., Hes.''Sc.''328, Sapph.14, Alc.''Supp.'' 26.9, Pi.''O.'' 11(10).17.—Acc. ὑμᾶς, [[Aristophanes|Ar.]]''[[Acharnians|Ach.]]''325, etc. (-υ Orph.''A.''820, [[varia lectio|v.l.]] in S.''Ph.''222; [[ὗμας]] or (more prob.) [[ὕμας]] is required by the metre in Babr.9.9, 47.11); Ion. [[ὑμέας]] (disyll.) Od.21.198, al.; enclit. [[ὕμεας]] (disyll.) Herod.2.60 (Pap.); [[ὑμέας]] also [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.126, al.; Aeol. and Ep. [[ὔμμε]] Il.23.412, al., Pi.''I.''6(5).19; also in A.''Eu.''620 (trim.), and S.''Ant.''846(lyr.); Dor. [[ὑμέ]] Alcm.3, Sophr.52, [[Aristophanes|Ar.]]''[[Acharnians|Ach.]]''737, ''Lys.''1076, ''SIG''528.3 (Cretan dial., iii B.C.), 622 ''B'' 8 (Cretan, ii B.C.).—The pl. is sometimes used in addressing [[one]] person, when others are included in the speaker's thought, as Od. 12.81, Archil.89. (With [[σύ]] cf. Lat. [[tu]], Goth. [[pu]]; with τοι Skt. gen. and dat. te; the origin of [[σφῶϊ]] is doubtful; with [[ὑμεῖς]] cf. Skt. acc. pl. yusmān.)