ἀριθμός: Difference between revisions

|Definition=[ᾰ],<br><span class="bld">A</span> (ἁρ- ''IG''1.164), ὁ, [[number]], first in Od., λέκτο δ' ἀριθμόν 4.451; ἀριθμῷ παῦρα Semon.3; ἓν ἀριθμῷ [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]3.6; ἀριθμὸν ἕξ Id.1.14, cf. 50; ἐς τὸν ἀριθμὸν τρισχίλια Id.7.97; <b class="b3">πλῆθος ἐς ἀριθμόν</b> the [[amount]] in [[point]] of [[number]], ib.60; τὸν ἀριθμὸν δώδεκα Euphro11.11; δύο τινὲς ἢ τρεῖς . . εἰς τὸν ἀριθμόν Men.165; ἔλαττον μήτε ὄγκῳ μήτε ἀριθμῷ [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Theaetetus|Tht.]]''155a; οὔτ' ἀριθμοῖς οὔτε μεγέθεσιν ἐλάττους Id.''Lg.''861e; σταθμῷ καὶ ἀ. X. ''Smp.''4.45; δι' ἀ. καὶ μέτρου Plu.''Per.''16, cf. E.''Tr.''620: [[proverb|prov.]], [[λέγειν ποντιᾶν ψάφων ἀριθμόν]] = '[[count the pebbles on the shore]]', Pi.''O.''13.46, cf. 2.98; <b class="b3">οὐ γιγνώσκων ψήφων ἀριθμούς</b>, of a [[blockhead]], Ephipp. 19; οὔτ' ἀριθμὸν οὔτ' ἔλεγχον . . ἔχων Dionys.Com.3.13.<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[amount]], [[sum]], πολὺς ἀ. χρόνου Aeschin.1.78; ἀ. τῆς ὁδοῦ X.''An.''2.2.6; <b class="b3">ἀ. [χρυσίου]</b> a [[sum]] of [[money]], Id.''Cyr.''8.2.16.<br><span class="bld">3</span> [[ἀριθμῷ]], abs., [[in certain numbers]], [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]6.58; but δένδρα ἀριθμῷ ὑμέτερα [[by tale]], Th.2.72; ἀ. διδόναι Dionys.Com.3.6.<br><span class="bld">4</span> [[item]] or [[term]] in a series, ὁ δεύτερος ἀριθμός E.''Ion''1014; τρίτον ὠδίνων ἀ. ''Epigr.Gr.''574; ναῦς πολλοὺς ἀ. ἄγνυται ναυαγίων E.''Hel.''410, cf. Arist.''Po.''1461b24; <b class="b3">τοὺς ἀ. τοῦ σώματος</b> [[point]]s of the [[body]], Pl.''Lg.''668d; τοὺς ἀ. ἑκάστου τῶν νοσημάτων Hp.''Acut.'' 3; τὸ καλὸν ἐκ πολλῶν ἀ. ἐπιτελεῖσθαι Plu.2.45c: hence as a mark of [[completeness]], πάντας τοὺς ἀ. περιλαβών Isoc.11.16; <b class="b3">τοῦ καθήκοντος τοὺς ἀριθμούς</b> the [[sum total]] of duty, M.Ant.3.1.<br><span class="bld">5</span> [[number]], [[account]], as a mark of station, worth, rank, <b class="b3">μετ' ἀνδρῶν ἵζει ἀριθμῷ</b> takes his place [[among]] men, Od.11.449; εἰς ἀνδρῶν μὲν οὐ τελοῦσιν ἀ. E.''Fr.''492; εἰς ἀ. τῶν κακῶν πεφύκαμεν Id.''Hec.''1186; <b class="b3">ξενίας ἀριθμῷ πρῶτ' ἔχειν ἐμῶν φίλων</b> [[in regard of]] [[friendship]], ib.794; <b class="b3">δειλοὶ γὰρ ἄνδρες οὐκ ἔχουσιν ἐν μάχῃ ἀριθμόν</b> have no [[account]] made of them, Id.''Fr.''519; <b class="b3">οὐδ' εἰς ἀ. ἥκει λόγων</b> she comes not into my [[account]], Id.''El.''1054; ἀ. οὐδεὶς οὐδὲ λόγος ἐστί τινος Plu.2.682f, cf. Call.''Epigr.''27.6, Orac. ap. Sch.Theoc.14.48.<br><span class="bld">6</span> [[mere number]], [[quantity]], opp. [[quality]], <b class="b3">ταῦτ' οὐκ ἀ. ἐστιν, ὦ πάτερ, λόγων</b> a [[mere]] [[set]] of [[word]]s, S.''OC''382; of men, <b class="b3">οὐκ ἀ. ἄλλως</b> not a [[mere]] [[lot]], E.''Tr.''476; ἀριθμός, πρόβατ' ἄλλως Ar. ''Nu.''1203; sometimes even of a single man, <b class="b3">οὐκ ἀριθμὸν ἀλλ' ἐτητύμως ἄνδρ' ὄντα</b> not a [[mere]] [[unit]], E.''Heracl.''997; also <b class="b3">ἀριθμὸν πληροῦν</b> to be [[a mere cipher]], Chor.''Milt.''66.<br><span class="bld">II</span> [[numbering]], [[counting]], <b class="b3">μάσσων ἀριθμοῦ</b> past [[counting]], Pi.''N.''2.23; especially in phrases, <b class="b3">ἀ. ποιεῖσθαι τῶν νεῶν</b> to [[hold]] a [[muster]] of... [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]8.7; ποιεῖν X.''An.''7.1.7, etc.; <b class="b3">παρεῖναι εἰς τὸν ἀριθμόν</b> ib.II; <b class="b3">εἴ τι δυνατὸν ἐς ἀριθμὸν ἐλθεῖν</b> can be stated [[in numbers]], Th.2.72.<br><span class="bld">III</span> the [[science of numbers]], [[arithmetic]], ἀριθμόν, ἔξοχον σοφισμάτων [[Aeschylus|A.]]''[[Prometheus Vinctus|Pr.]]''459; ἀριθμῶν καὶ μέτρων εὑρήματα [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Fragments|Fr.]]'' 432; ἀ. καὶ λογισμὸν εὑρεῖν [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Phaedrus|Phdr.]]''274c, cf. ''R.''522c: [[proverb|prov.]], [[εἴπερ γὰρ ἀριθμὸν οἶδα]] E.''Fr.''360.19.<br><span class="bld">IV</span> in Philos., [[abstract number]], [[Aristotle|Arist.]]''[[Categories|Cat.]]''4b23, ''Metaph.''990a19, al.; ἀριθμὸς [[μαθηματικός]] ib.1090b35; ἀριθμὸς [[οὐσιώδης]], opp. ἀριθμὸς <b class="b3">τοῦ ποσοῦ</b>, Plot.5.5.4; ἀριθμὸς [[ἑνιαῖος]], ἀριθμὸς [[οὐσιώδης]], ἀριθμὸς [[ἑτεροῖος]], Dam.''Pr.''228.<br><span class="bld">V</span> Gramm., [[number]], Stoic.3.214, D.T.634.16, A.D.''Synt.''32.2,al.; cf. [[ἑνικός]], [[δυϊκός]], [[πληθυντικός]].<br><span class="bld">VI</span> [[numeral]], ib.36.6, etc.; ὁ τέσσαρα ἀ. S.E.''M.''7.96; <b class="b3">παιδὸς ἀριθμός</b> = [[δεκάτη]], E.''El.'' 1132.<br><span class="bld">VII</span> [[unknown]] [[quantity]] (x), defined as <b class="b3">πλῆθος μονάδων ἀορίστων</b>, Dioph.''Def.''2.<br><span class="bld">VIII</span> Rhet., [[rhythm]] in Prose, in plural, [[Dionysius of Halicarnassus|D.H.]]''[[De Compositione Verborum|Comp.]]''23, ''Dem.''52, cf. Arist.''Rh.''1408b29; but also ἀριθμοὶ τῶν ἀρχαίων ποιητᾶν ''SIG''703.7 (Delph.).<br><span class="bld">IX</span> [[line]] of a [[book]], Apollon. Cit.2.<br><span class="bld">X</span> [[sum of numerical values]] of letters in a name, ''Apoc.''13.17,al.; <b class="b3">φιλῶ ἧς ἀριθμὸς φμέ</b> Pompeian Inscr. in ''Rend.Linc.''10(1901).257.<br><span class="bld">XI</span> [[unit]] of [[troop]]s, = Lat. [[numerus]], ''CIG''5187 (vi A. D.), ''BGU''673 (vi A. D.), etc.; = [[legio]], Jul. [[ad Ath]].280d, Zos.5.26, ''PLond.'' 5.1711.69 (vi A. D.).<br><span class="bld">XII</span> Astrol., mostly in plural, [[ἀριθμοί]], [[degree]]s traversed in a given [[time]], Ptol.''Tetr.''112, Doroth. in ''Cat.Cod.Astr.''6.107.30; <b class="b3">τοῖς ἰδίοις ἀ.</b> at her normal [[speed]], of the [[moon]], Gal.19.531; also of [[degree]]s of [[latitude]], Heph.Astr.2.8,3.1.<br><span class="bld">XIII</span> Medic., in plural, [[precise]] [[condition]]s, <b class="b3">παρόντων τῶν πρὸς τὴν φλεβοτομίαν ἀριθμῶν</b> Herod.Med.in ''Rh.Mus.''58.71, cf. Aret.''CA''2.3, prob. in Herod.Med. ap. Aët.9.2; cf. supr.1.4. [ῐ E.''El.''1132, Ar.''Nu.''1203.] ([[ἀριθμός]] from root <b class="b3">ἀρι-</b>, cf. [[ἐπάριτος]] ([[quod vide|q.v.]]), [[νήριτος]].)