στάθμη: Difference between revisions

|Definition=ἡ,<br><span class="bld">A</span> [[carpenter's line]] or [[carpenter's rule]], ξέσσε δ' ἐπισταμένως <b class="b3">καὶ ἐπὶ στάθμην ἴθυνεν [δοῦρα]</b> Od.5.245, cf.23.197; [πελέκεας] ἐπὶ σ. ἴθ. 21.121; also [[στάθμη]] δόρυ νήϊον ἐξιθύνει Il.15.410; τόρνου καὶ στάθμης καὶ γνώμονος.. ἰθύτερον Thgn.805; <b class="b3">ἐπὶ σ. θεῖναι μίαν</b> on a [[level]], [[Aristotle|Arist.]]''[[De Partibus Animalium|PA]]''657a10: prop. [[στάθμη]] was the [[line]] [[rub]]bed with [[chalk]] or [[red]] [[ochre]], being distinguished from the rule ([[κανών]]) by [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Philebus|Phlb.]]'' 56c, X.''Ages.''10.2; κανόσι καὶ στάθμαις Plu.2.807d, etc.; <b class="b3">λευκὴ στάθμη</b>, v. [[λευκός]] II.1a: metaph., <b class="b3">ἀτεχνῶς λευκὴ σ. εἰμὶ πρὸς τοὺς καλούς</b> a white [[measuring-line]], i.e. unable to discriminate, Pl.''Chrm.''154b, cf. Plu.2.513f.<br><span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b3">παρὰ στάθμην</b> [[by the rule]], εἶμι παρὰ σ. ὀρθὴν ὁδόν Thgn.945, cf. 543; τέκτονος παρὰ σ. ἰόντος [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Fragments|Fr.]]''474; for A.''Ag.''1045 v. [[παρά]] c. 11.2; <b class="b3">κατὰ στάθμην ἵστασθαι</b>, c. gen., [[in a straight line with]], Democr. ap. Plu.2.929c; <b class="b3">κατὰ σ. ἐνόησας</b> you [[guess]]ed [[aright]], Theoc.25.194; ὡς ἂν ἀπὸ στάθμης [[Dionysius of Halicarnassus|D.H.]]''[[De Compositione Verborum|Comp.]]''23; στάθμῃ Aret.''SD''2.11; <b class="b3">πρὸς στάθμῃ πέτρον τίθεσθαι, μή τι πρὸς πέτρῳ στάθμην</b>, i.e. when facts are obstinate, do not relax your standard, Com.(?) ap.Plu.2.75f(cf. Bergk ''PLG''3.740); <b class="b3">στάθμα πατρῴα</b> perhaps the [[measure]] [of piety] towards his [[father]], Pi.''P.''6.45; <b class="b3">στάθμας ἑλκόμενοι περισσᾶς</b> perhaps straining at an over-exact [[measure]], ib.2.90.<br><span class="bld">3</span> [[verification]], [[certification]], <b class="b3">τὰς σ. τῶν μέτρων ἀπὸ τοῦ βελτίστου ποιεῖσθαι</b> prob. in ''PTeb.''5.88 (ii B.C.).<br><span class="bld">II</span> [[plummet]] or [[plumbline]], [[μολιβαχθής]] ''AP''6.103 (Phil.); <b class="b3">ῥιπτεῖσθαι ἄνω κατὰ στάθμην</b> to [[be thrown]] [[perpendicular|perpendicularly]] [[upwards]], Arist.''Cael.''296b24.<br><span class="bld">III</span> like [[γραμμή]], [[the line which bounds the racecourse]], [[goal]], <b class="b3">δραμεῖν ποτὶ στάθμαν</b>, metaph. of man's [[life]], Pi.''N.''6.7; παρ' οἵαν ἤλθομεν σ. βίου E.''Ion'' 1514.<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[starting point]], '[[scratch]]', στάθμης ὁρμηθέντες ἀπόσσυτοι Opp.''H.''4.102, cf. Eust.1023.5.<br><span class="bld">IV</span> metaph., [[law]], [[rule]], ὑπὸ στάθμᾳ νέμεσθαι Pi.''Fr.''1.4; <b class="b3">Υλλίδος στάθμας ἐν νόμοις</b>, i.e. according to laws of [[Dorian]] [[rule]], Id.''P.''1.62.<br><span class="bld">V</span> <b class="b3">δοράτων στάθμαι</b> [[butt-ends]], like [[σαυρωτήρ|σαυρωτῆρες]], D.S.17.35, cf. ''PCair.Zen.'' 782 (a).49 (iii B.C.).

|etymtx=Grammatical information: f.<br />Meaning: [[directive]], [[carpenter's line]], [[finish-line]], [[-cord]], [[plumbline]], [[rule]], [[norm]] (O 410).<br />Compounds: [[ὑποστάθμη]] (: <b class="b3">ὑπο- στῆναι</b>) f. [[sediment]], [[lees]], [[foundation]] (Pl., Hp. a. o.).<br />Derivatives: 1. <b class="b3">σταθμ-άομαι</b> (Ion. <b class="b3">-έομαι</b>), <b class="b3">-άω</b>, also m. <b class="b3">δια-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐπι-</b>, <b class="b3">ἀντι-</b>, [[to measure (by the directive)]], [[to estimate]], [[to gauge]], [[to weigh]] (Pi., IA.) with <b class="b3">-ημα</b>, <b class="b3">-ησις</b>, <b class="b3">-ητικός</b> (late). 2. <b class="b3">-ίζω</b>, also m. <b class="b3">δια-</b>, <b class="b2">id.</b> (Aq., Sm.). -- [[σταθμός]] m. [[location]], [[stable]], [[farmstead]], [[night lodgings, travel stage, day's march; pillar, post, jamb; balance, weight, heaviness]] (Il.); pl. also <b class="b3">-μά</b> n. (after [[τάλαντα]], [[ζυγά]]), to which sg. <b class="b3">-όν</b> [[weight]], [[balance]] (IA.), poet. also [[homestead]], [[farmstead; jamb etc.]] (trag. a.o.; Egli Heteroklisie 40f.). Compp., a.g. <b class="b3">σταθμ-οῦχος</b> m. <b class="b2">owner of goods etc.</b> (A. Fr. 226 = 376 M., Antiph., pap. a.o.), <b class="b3">ἐπί-σταθμος</b> m. [[quartermaster]] (Isoc.), [[military quartered on another]] (pap.; Mayser I: 3, 175); <b class="b3">ναύ-σταθμον</b> n. (Th.), second. <b class="b3">-ος</b> m. (Plb., D.S., Plu.) [[anchorage]], [[fleet-station]], [[fleet]]; prop. subst. adj. like <b class="b3">βού-σταθμον</b> (cf. on [[βούτυρον]]). From this 1. <b class="b3">σταθμ-ίον</b> n. [[balance]], [[weight]] (hell. a. late); 2. <b class="b3">-ικός</b> [[belonging to weighing]] (Gal.); 3. <b class="b3">-ώδης</b> [[rich in sediment]] (Hp.; cf. [[ὑποστάθμη]]); 4. <b class="b3">-ίζω</b>, also w. <b class="b3">δια-</b>, <b class="b3">συν-</b> a. o. [[to weigh]] with <b class="b3">-ισις</b> f. [[the weighing]], <b class="b3">-ιστής</b> m. [[weigher]], <b class="b3">-ιστί</b> [[by weight]], <b class="b3">-ιστικός</b> [[for weighing]] (late); 5. <b class="b3">-εύω</b>, also w. <b class="b3">κατα-</b>, <b class="b3">ἐπι-</b>, <b class="b2">take up or have quarters etc.</b> with <b class="b3">-εία</b> f. (late).<br />Origin: GR [a formation built with Greek elements]<br />Etymology: Details on the meaning of [[στάθμη]] and [[σταθμός]] Jüthner [[Ἐπιτύμβιον]] Swoboda 107ff., Havers Glotta 25, 101ff., Holt Glotta 27, 194, Kieckers IF 38, 209f. On [[στάθμη]]: [[σταθμός]] cf. [[δέσμη]]: [[δεσμός]] and other word-pairs in Porzig Satzinhalte 283 f.; formation as <b class="b3">βα-θμός</b>, Arc. etc. <b class="b3">θε-θμός</b> (s. [[θεσμός]]), <b class="b3">ῥυ-θμός</b> etc. A [[θ]] appears also in <b class="b3">εὑ-σταθής</b> [[standing firm]], [[quiet]] (Ion. hell. a. late since Il.), which has prob. been built on the aor. [[ἐστάθην]] (Risch 75). The synonymous and later attested [[σταθερός]] (A. Fr. 276 = 479 M. etc.) may have been built after the pattern of <b class="b3">ἀ-φαν-ής</b>: <b class="b3">φαν-ερός</b> a. o. Cf. Schwyzer 492 n. 12, 513 and Benveniste Origines 193 a. 200f. -- Further s. [[ἵστημι]].

|ftr='''στάθμη''': {státhmē}<br />'''Grammar''': f.<br />'''Meaning''': ‘Richtschnur, Richtscheit, Zielschnur, -linie, Senkblei, Regel, Norm' (seit ''O'' 410);<br />'''Composita''': [[ὑποστάθμη]] (: ὑπο- [[στῆναι]]) f. [[Bodensatz]], [[Hefe]], [[Grundlage]] (Pl., Hp. u. a.).<br />'''Derivative''': Davon 1. σταθμάομαι (ion. -έομαι), -άω, auch m. δια-, ἐπι-, ἀντι-, ‘(nach der Richtschnur) abmessen, abschätzen, ermessen, erwägen’ (Pi., ion. att.) mit -ημα, -ησις, -ητικός (sp.). 2. -ίζω, auch m. δια-, ib. (Aq., Sm.). — [[σταθμός]] m. ‘Standort, Stall, Gehöft, Nachtquartier, Reiseetappe, Tagesmarsch; Ständer, Pfosten, Türpfosten; Waage, Gewicht, Schwere’ (seit Il.); pl. auch -μά n. (nach τάλαντα, ζυγά), wozu sg. -όν [[Gewicht]], [[Waage]] (ion. att.), poet. auch [[Wohnstätte]], [[Gehöft]]; [[Türpfosten]] (Trag. u.a.; Egli Heteroklisie 40f.). Kompp., z.B. [[σταθμοῦχος]] m. [[Gutbesitzer]] (A. ''Fr''. 226 = 376 M., Antiph., Pap. u.a.), [[ἐπίσταθμος]] m. [[Quartiermeister]] (Isok.), ‘militä-rischer Beisasse’ (Pap.; Mayser I: 3, 175); [[ναύσταθμον]] n. (Th.), sekund. -ος m. (Plb., D.S., Plu.) ‘Ankerplatz Flotten-Station, Flotte’; eig. subst. Adj. wie [[βούσταθμον]] (vgl. zu [[βούτυρον]]). Davon 1. [[σταθμίον]] n. [[Waage]], [[Gewicht]] (hell. u. sp.); 2. -ικός [[zum Wägen gehörig]] (Gal.); 3. -ώδης [[reich an Bodensatz]] (Hp.; vgl. [[ὑποστάθμη]]); 4. -ίζω, auch m. δια-, συν- u. a. [[wägen]] mit -ισις f. [[das Wägen]], -ιστής m. [[Wäger]], -ιστί [[an Gewicht]], -ιστικός [[zum Wiegen]] (sp.); 5. -εύω, auch m. κατα-, ἐπι-, [[Quartier nehmen]], [[haben]] mit -εία f. (sp.).<br />'''Etymology''': Einzelheiten zur Bed. von [[στάθμη]] und [[σταθμός]] Jüthner Ἐπιτύμβιον Swoboda 107ff., Havers Glotta 25, 101ff., Holt Glotta 27, 194, Kieckers IF 38, 209f. Zu [[στάθμη]]: [[σταθμός]] vgl. [[δέσμη]]: [[δεσμός]] und andere Wortpaare bei Porzig Satzinhalte 283 f.; Bildung wie [[βαθμός]], ark. usw. [[θεθμός]] (s. [[θεσμός]]), [[ῥυθμός]] usw. Ein θ erscheint andererseits auch im [[εὐσταθής]] [[feststehend]], [[ruhig]] (ion. hell. u. sp. seit Il.), das indessen wahrscheinlich auf dem Aor. [[ἐστάθην]] aufgebaut ist (Risch 75). Das synonyme und später belegte [[σταθερός]] (A. ''Fr''. 276 = 479 M. usw.) kann dazu nach Muster von [[ἀφανής]]: [[φανερός]] u. a. gebildet sein. Vgl. Schwyzer 492 A. 12, 513 und Benveniste Origines 193 u. 200f. — Weiteres s. [[ἵστημι]].<br />'''Page''' 2,775