ἄφεσις: Difference between revisions

|Definition=ἀφέσεως, ἡ, ([[ἀφίημι]])<br><span class="bld">A</span> [[letting go]], [[release]], <b class="b3">περὶ τῆς τῶν πλοίων ἀφέσεως</b> Philipp. ap. D.18.77, cf. [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Politicus|Plt.]]'' 273c; καρπῶν ''PAmh.''2.43.9 (ii B. C.); [[γῆ ἐν ἀφέσει]] = [[land in private hands]], opp. [[βασιλική]], ''PTeb.'' 5.37 (ii B. C.), etc.<br><span class="bld">b</span> of persons, [[dismissal]]: in [[ritual]], λαοῖς ἄφεσις Apul.''Met.''11.17; [[release]], Plb.1.79.12, ''IG''2.314.21, ''Ev.Luc.''4.18.<br><span class="bld">2</span> c. gen., [[ἄφεσις φόνου]] = [[quittance]] from [[murder]], [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Leges|Lg.]]''869d: so abs., Hermog.''Stat.''8; [[discharge]] from a [[bond]], D.33.3; ἄφεσιν ἐναντίον μαρτύρων ποιήσασθαι Id.45.41; opp. [[ἀπόδοσις]] χρημάτων, Isoc.17.29; [[exemption from attendance]], [[leave of absence]], Arist.''Ath.''30.6; <b class="b3">ἄφεσις τῆς στρατείας</b> [[exemption]] from [[service]], Plu.''Ages.''24; [[remission]] of a [[debt]], ταλάντου ''Michel''1340B7 (Cnidus, ii B. C.); χρημάτων ''IPE''12.32B70 (Olbia, iii B. C.); ''[[sc.]]'' [[καταδίκη]]ς, ''Inscr.Magn.''93c16.<br><span class="bld">b</span> [[forgiveness]], Ev. Marc.3.29; ἁμαρτιῶν ''Ev.Matt.''26.28.<br><span class="bld">3</span> [[relaxation]], [[exhaustion]], Hp.''Epid.''3.6.<br><span class="bld">4</span> [[divorce]], τινὶ [[πέμπειν]] Plu.''Pomp.''42.<br><span class="bld">5</span> [[starting]] of horses in a [[race]], ἵππων ἄφεσιν ποιεῖν D.S.4.73: hence, [[starting post]] itself, <b class="b3">ἰσώσας τἀφέσει</b> (Musgr. for <b class="b3">τῇ φύσει</b>) <b class="b3"> τὰ τέρματα</b> having made the [[winning post]] one with the [[starting post]], i.e. having completed the [[δίαυλος]] and come back to the [[starting post]], dub. cj. in S.''El.''686, cf. Paus.5.15.5, 6.20.9: metaph., the [[first start]], [[beginning]] of anything, Man.3.405, etc.<br><span class="bld">6</span> [[discharge]], [[emission]], ὕδατος [[Aristotle|Arist.]]''[[De Partibus Animalium|PA]]'' 697a24; βέλους D.S.17.41; τοῦ θοροῦ, τοῦ ᾠοῦ Arist.''GA''756a12; τοῦ κυήματος Id.''HA''608a1; the [[dropping]] of a [[foal]], ib.576a25.<br><span class="bld">b</span> [[discharge]], [[release]] of an [[engine]], Ph.''Bel.''58.24.<br><span class="bld">7</span> = [[ἀφεσμός]], [[Aristotle|Arist.]]''[[Historia Animalium|HA]]'' 625a20 (pl.).<br><span class="bld">8</span> [[release]], ὕδατος ''PPetr.''2p.34 (iii B. C.): hence, in concrete sense, [[conduit]], [[sluice]], ib.3p.88, ''PFlor.''388.44 (iii A. D.): pl., ἀφέσεις θαλάσσης [[channel]]s, [[LXX]] ''2 Ki.''22.16.<br><span class="bld">9</span> Astrol., [[reckoning of the vital quadrant]], Ptol.''Tetr.''127, cf. Vett.Val.136.2 (but <b class="b3">ἀπὸ Λέοντος τὴν ἄφεσιν ποιούμενοι</b>, simply, [[starting from]]... Id.31.8).

|dgtxt=-εως, ἡ<br /><b class="num">I</b> <b class="num">1</b>[[suelta]], [[salida]] de actividades fisiológicas [[descarga]], [[emisión]] c. gen. τῆς φύσης Hp.<i>Prog</i>.11, <i>Coac</i>.485, ὕδατος Arist.<i>PA</i> 697^a24<br /><b class="num">•</b>[[puesta]] τοῦ ὠοῦ Arist.<i>GA</i> 756^a12<br /><b class="num">•</b>[[expulsión]] τοῦ κυήματος Arist.<i>HA</i> 608^a1<br /><b class="num">•</b>[[salida]] del [[enjambre]], Arist.<i>HA</i> 625^a20<br /><b class="num">•</b>de armas arrojadizas [[descarga]], [[disparo]] τῶν τοξευμάτων Hp.<i>Fract</i>.2, βέλους D.S.17.41, de máquinas de guerra, Plb.27.11.6, Ph.<i>Bel</i>.58.24<br /><b class="num">•</b>ἄφεσιν· ὕσπληγα Hsch.<br /><b class="num">•</b>c. dat. ἀπολειφθείσαις ἀναπνοαῖς Charito 1.8.1.<br /><b class="num">2</b> en rel. c. el regadío [[suelta]], [[derrama]] ἄφεσις ὕδατος <i>PPetr</i>.2.13.2.14 (III a.C.)<br /><b class="num">•</b>concr., esp. en plu. [[raudal(es)]], [[cauces]], [[acequias]] ἐξηράνθησαν ἀφέσεις ὑδάτων [[LXX]] <i>Il</i>.1.20, cf. <i>POxy</i>.918.5.20 (II d.C.), τὰ χώματα καὶ αἱ ἀφέσεις <i>PPetr</i>.2.42a.7, cf. 3.44.2.8 (ambos III d.C.)<br /><b class="num">•</b>σπονδ(ῆς) ἀφέσε(ως) por el [[gasto]] (del [[mantenimiento]]) de la [[acequia]]</i>, <i>PMil.Vogl</i>.212.1ue.10, 2ue.6, διῆλθεν ἐν τῷ ὕδατι ὕδωρ ἀφέσεως atravesó por el agua un agua (que tenía la profundidad) de [[acequia]]</i> [[LXX]] <i>Ez</i>.47.3<br /><b class="num">•</b>ἀφέσεις θαλάσσης las corrientes del mar</i> [[LXX]] 2<i>Re</i>.22.16.<br /><b class="num">3</b> náut. [[botadura]], [[flete]] τῶν πλωίων Philipp.Maced. en D.18.77.<br /><b class="num">II</b> <b class="num">1</b>[[abandono del control]], [[dejación]] τὸν ἐγγύτατα χρόνον ἀεὶ τῆς ἀφέσεως en el [[tiempo]] [[inmediato]] al [[abandono]] del [[control]] (por parte del κυβερνήτης del cosmos)</i>, Pl.<i>Plt</i>.273c, de una causa judicial, Isoc.17.29<br /><b class="num">•</b>de las cosechas por parte del Estado después de recogidos los impuestos [[cesión]], <i>PYale</i> 51.22 (II a.C.), ἡ ἄφεσις τῶν πυρίνων καρπῶν <i>PAmh</i>.43.9 (II a.C.), ὅταν ἡ ἄφεσις δοθῇ <i>PPetr</i>.2.2.1.10 (III a.C.)<br /><b class="num">•</b>γῆ ἐν ἀφέσει [[tierra cedida por el estado en arriendo]] τὴν ἱερὰν γῆν καὶ τὴν [[ἄλλην]] τὴν ἐν ἀφέσει γῆν <i>PTeb</i>.5.37 (II a.C.).<br /><b class="num">2</b> medic. [[dejadez]], [[abandono]] de las fuerzas ἄφεσις καὶ ἀφωνίη Hp.<i>Epid</i>.3.6 p.44<br /><b class="num">•</b>[[remisión]], [[desaparición]] de la fiebre, Hp.<i>Epid</i>.7.50, <i>Coac</i>.508<br /><b class="num">•</b>pero [[resolución]] de la [[enfermedad]] en un [[sentido]] u otro, Hp.<i>Morb</i>.3.6, κρίσιες καὶ ἀφέσεις Hp.<i>Iudic</i>.11.<br /><b class="num">3</b> [[absolución]] φόνου Pl.<i>Lg</i>.864b, ἐγκλημάτων D.S.20.44, abs., Hermog.<i>Stat</i>.8, <i>PSI</i> 392.6, <i>PLugd.Bat</i>.20.29.3 (III a.C.)<br /><b class="num">•</b>en lit. jud. crist. [[remisión]], [[perdón]] de los [[pecado]]s <i>Eu.Marc</i>.3.29, <i>Ep.Hebr</i>.9.22, ἁμαρτημάτων Ph.2.157, ἁμαρτιῶν <i>Eu.Matt</i>.26.28, <i>Eu.Marc</i>.1.4, <i>Eu.Luc</i>.1.77, cf. <i>Ep.Barn</i>.11.1, Iren.Lugd.<i>Haer</i>.1.21.2, Clem.Al.<i>Ecl</i>.15 (p.141.6), Hippol.<i>Haer</i>.6.41.2, Socr.Sch.<i>HE</i> 1.10.3.<br /><b class="num">4</b> [[cancelación]] de [[deuda]]s, [[impuesto]]s τῶγ χρημάτων <i>IPE</i> 1².32B.69 (Olbia III a.C.), ταλάντου <i>TC</i> 79B.7 (III a.C.), τοῦ χρέους [[LXX]] <i>De</i>.15.3<br /><b class="num">•</b>abs. ποιῆσαι ἄφεσιν τῇ χώρᾳ [[LXX]] 1<i>Ma</i>.13.34.<br /><b class="num">5</b> [[exoneración]] de un [[compromiso]], D.33.3, cf. 45.41<br /><b class="num">•</b>[[exención]] de prestaciones personales, Arist.<i>Ath</i>.30.6, τῆς [[στρατεία]]ς Plu.<i>Ages</i>.24.<br /><b class="num">III</b> ref. a pers.<br /><b class="num">1</b> [[manumisión]] de [[esclavo]]s, Plb.1.79.12, cf. 21.26.17, <i>IG</i> 2².657.21 (III a.C.), <i>PSI</i> 452.13 (IV d.C.)<br /><b class="num">•</b>en el AT [[jubileo]] τῷ ἑβδόμῳ (ἔτει) ἄφεσιν ποιήσεις [[LXX]] <i>Ex</i>.23.11, cf. <i>Le</i>.25.10, 11, 12, <i>Ez</i>.46.17<br /><b class="num">•</b>gener. [[despedida]] λαοῖς ἄφεσις Apul.<i>Met</i>.11.17.<br /><b class="num">2</b> [[divorcio]] Plu.<i>Pomp</i>.42.<br /><b class="num">IV</b> astrol. [[impulso inicial]], [[punto de partida]] de la [[existencia]] en rel. c. la [[posición]] de los [[astro]]s τῶν (τόπων) τῆς ἀφέσεως ἐπικρατούντων Ptol.<i>Tetr</i>.3.11.2, cf. <i>Iudic</i>.23.4, Vett.Val.135.1, ἄλλη γὰρ θ' ἑτέρῃ γενέθλῃ ἄ. συνάρησεν Man.3.405<br /><b class="num">•</b>[[partida]] para [[definir]] puntos cardinales τὴν ἄφεσιν ποιούμενοι tomando como punto de partida</i> Vett.Val.30.9.