χώρα: Difference between revisions

|Definition=Ion. [[χώρη]], ἡ,<br><span class="bld">A</span> = [[χῶρος]], [[space]] or [[room]] in which a thing [[is]], defined as [[partly occupied space]], distinguished from [[κενόν]] and [[τόπος]], Zeno Stoic. 1.26 (cf.2.163), S.E.''P.''3.124; ποταγορεύοντι τὰν ὕλαν τόπον καὶ χώραν Ti.Locr.94b (in ὁ [[τόπος]] τῆς χ. [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Leges|Lg.]]''705c [[χώρα]] = [[country]] (cf. 11.1); so χώρας ἐν τόποις Λιβυστικοῖς A.''Eu.''292); οὐδέ τι πολλὴ χώρη μεσσηγύς Il.23.521; νόμισμα.. χώρας μεγάλης δέοιτ' ἄν X.''Lac.''7.5; <b class="b3">χώραν τινὶ καταλιπεῖν</b> [[leave]] [[room]] for it, Plu.2.123f, etc.<br><span class="bld">2</span> generally, [[place]], [[spot]], <b class="b3">στρέψεσθ' ἐκ χώρης ὅθι</b>.. Il.6.516, cf. Od.16.352; ὀλίγῃ ἐνὶ χ. Il. 17.394; <b class="b3">χώραν ἐκ χώρας μεταβάλλειν</b> move from [[place]] to [[place]], [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Theaetetus|Tht.]]'' 181c; [[field]] in a ceiling, ''IG''42(1).103.193, 106ii139 (Epid., iv B. C.); <b class="b3">ἡ πρώτη χ.</b> the first [[field]] (on the [[chest]] of [[Cypselus]]), Paus.5.17.6; [[socket]] or [[cavity]] of a joint, Hp.''Art.''79, 80; of the eye, ''IG''42(1).121.76 (Epid., iv B. C.); as euphemism for the [[genital organs]], Hippiatr. 33,71.<br><span class="bld">3</span> the [[position]], [[proper]] [[place]] of a person or thing, ἐνὶ χώρῃ ἕζεται Il.23.349: esp. a [[soldier]]'s [[post]], <b class="b3">Ἄρης οὐκ ἔνι χώρα</b> is not at his [[post]] (or perhaps in the [[land]], cf. Ar.''Lys.''524) A.''Ag.''78 (anap.); <b class="b3">χώραν λιπεῖν, προλείπειν</b>, Th.4.126, 2.87; <b class="b3">μισθοφορεῖν κεναῖς χ.</b> [[draw]] pay for [[unfilled]] [[vacancy|vacancies]], Aeschin.3.146; ἐπιγράψαι αὐτῷ τὴν χώραν ''UPZ''14.88 (ii B. C.): later <b class="b3">τὴν χώραν τινὸς ἀποπληρῶσαι, ποιῆσαι</b>, fill a person's [[place]], POxy.136.15(vi A. D.), ''PMasp.''32.11 (vi A. D.): χώραν [[λαβεῖν]] = [[take]] a [[position]], [[find]] one's [[place]], <b class="b3">ἕως ἂν χώραν λάβῃ [τὰ πράγματα]</b> till they are brought into [[position]], into [[order]], [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Cyropaedia|Cyr.]]''4.5.37; οὐ διδοὺς ἑτέρῳ τόπον οὐδὲ χώραν διακονίας Plu.2.62d; <b class="b3">οὐκ ἂν ἔχοι χώραν νοήσεως ἡντινοῦν τὸ ἀγαθόν</b> the Good cannot have any [[possibility]] of [[thinking]], Plot.5.6.6; <b class="b3">σοὶ ἀστρονομεῖν χ.</b> your [[province]] is [[astronomy]], Philostr. ''VA''5.15; ἐν τοῖς ἀτέχνοις χώραν ἔχει τὸ αὐτόματον Eun.''Hist.''p.225D.: freq. in the phrase [[ὥρα καὶ χώρα]] = [[time]] and [[place]], ἐν ὁποία ἀξία φυτευθῆναι καὶ ὥρὰ καὶ χώρᾳ Pl.''Hipparch.''225c; ἐν ἄλλῃ καὶ χώρῃ Hp.''Hum.'' 14; <b class="b3">πρὸς ὥρας καὶ χώρας καὶ διαίτας</b> ib.16, ''Aph.''3.3; ἥ τε τοῦ ἔτους ὥρα καὶ χ. καὶ φύσις τοῦ θεραπευομένου σώματος Gal.18(2).399, cf. Alex. Trall.1.10, Steph.''in Hp.''1.161, 180 D. b. in metric, [[position]] of a foot in a verse, τὸ δακτυλικὸν δέχεται δακτύλους καὶ σπονδείους κατὰ πᾶσαν χ. Heph.7.1, cf. 8.1; αἱ περιτταὶ χ. Id.5.1,6.1.<br><span class="bld">4</span> metaph., [[station]], [[place]], [[position]], <b class="b3">ἐν χώρᾳ τινὸς εἶναι</b> to be in his [[position]], be counted the same as he is, <b class="b3">ἐν ἀνδραπόδων</b> or <b class="b3">μισθοφόρου χώρᾳ εἶναι</b> to be in the [[position]] of slaves or mercenaries, to pass or rank as such, X.''An.''5.6.13, ''Cyr.''2.1.18; <b class="b3">ἐν οὐδεμιᾷ χ. εἶναι</b> to have no [[place]] or [[rank]], be in no [[esteem]], Id.''An.''5.7.28; οὗ μέλλει χώρην μηδεμίαν θέμεναι Thgn.152; τούτων τοι χώρη.. ὀλίγη τελέθει Id.822; τὰς μεγίστας χ. ἔχειν Plb.1.43.1.<br><span class="bld">5</span> in senses 3 and 4 freq. with a Prep., <b class="b3">ἐκ χώρας ὁρμᾶν</b>, opp. <b class="b3">πορευόμενος μάχεσθαι</b>, X.''An.''3.4.33; <b class="b3">εἰς τὰς ἑαυτῶν χ. πάρεισι</b> are at their [[post]]s, Id.''Cyr.''1.2.4, cf. Theoc. 15.57; εἰς τὰς τῶν λοχαγῶν χ. καταστήσεσθαι [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Cyropaedia|Cyr.]]''2.1.23; [[ἐν χώρᾳ]] = [[in one's place]], [[at one's post]], ἐν ταῖς χ. γενέσθαι Id.''An.''4.8.15; [[ἐν χώρᾳ πίπτειν]], [[ἐν χώρᾳ ἀποθνῄσκειν]], [[die at one's post]], Id.''HG''4.2.20, 8.39; <b class="b3">ἐπὶ χώρας ἕσσαι</b> [[set it in its place]], Pi.''P.''4.273; also <b class="b3">μένειν ἐπὶ χώρας</b>, = [[μένειν κατὰ χώραν]], [[remain in force]], ''OGI''90.16 (Rosetta, ii B. C.), ''BGU''183.9 (i A. D.); <b class="b3">κατὰ χώρην εἶναι</b> [[be in one's place]], [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]4.135; [φόροι] κατὰ χώρην διατελέουσι ἔχοντες Id.6.42, cf. Ar.''Pl.''367, ''Ra.''793; κατὰ χώρην [[μένειν]] [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]7.95, 8.108, [[Aristophanes|Ar.]]''[[The Knights|Eq.]]''1354, Th.4.26; <b class="b3">ἤλπιζον.. οὐ μενεῖν κατὰ χώρην τὰ πράγματα</b> ib.76; μένει τὸ ὅρκιον κατὰ χώρην [[as it was]], [[undisturbed]], [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]4.201; <b class="b3">ἐᾶν κατὰ χώραν τὴν πόλιν</b> [[leave in its place]], [[leave as it was]], X.''HG''6.5.6, cf. [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.17; κατὰ χώραν μένειν τοὺς ἄλλους [νόμους] ἐᾶν D.24.5; <b class="b3">κατὰ χ. ἀπιέναι</b> retire in their old [[order]], X. ''An.''6.4.11.<br><span class="bld">II</span> [[land]], viz.,<br><span class="bld">1</span> a [[land]], [[country]], ἅς τινας ἵκεο χώρας ἀνθρώπων Od.8.573; ἡ χώρα ἡ Ἀττική [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]9.13; ἐμπορεύεσθαι εἰς τὴν χώραν ''IG''12.57.21, cf. 63.22, al.: freq. in Trag., Ἑλλάδα χώραν [[Aeschylus|A.]]''[[The Persians|Pers.]]''271 (lyr.); Εὐβοῖδα χ. S.''Tr.''74, etc.; [[territory]], <b class="b3">ὁ τύραννος ἢ πόλεων ἢ χ. πολλῆς [ἐπιθυμεῖ]</b> X.''Hier.''4.7: pl., ''OGI''54.11 (Adule, iii B. C.), etc.<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[landed estate]], [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Cyropaedia|Cyr.]]''8.4.28, 8.6.4. b. [[country town]], τοὺς κήρυκας διαπέμψαντες ἐς τὰς χ. ''Schwyzer''688''B''8 (Chios, v B. C.).<br><span class="bld">3</span> the [[country]], opp. to the [[town]], ἡ [[πόλις]] καὶ ἡ χώρα Lycurg. 1; τὰ ἐκ τῆς χώρας Th.2.5, [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Memorabilia|Mem.]]''3.6.11; <b class="b3">ὁ ἐκ τῆς χ. γιγνόμενος σῖτος</b> ib.13; οἱ ἐν τῇ χ. ἐργάται Id.''Hier.''10.5; <b class="b3">ἐν τῇ χώρᾳ κοιταῖον γίγνεσθαι</b>, opp. <b class="b3">ἐν ἄστει</b>, Decr. ap. D.18.37; <b class="b3">ἁ κοινὰ χ.</b> (of two cities) ''IG''42(1).77.2 (Epid., ii B. C.): especially of Egypt as opp. [[Alexandria]], ''OGI''56.5 (Canopus, iii B. C.), ''PHib.''1.27.167 (iii B. C.), etc. (but in ''PTeb.''5.98 (ii B. C.) <b class="b3">ἐν τῇ Ἀλεξα ([[νδρέων]]) χ.</b> means 'in Alexandria'); <b class="b3">ἡ ἄνω χώρα καὶ ἡ κάτω</b>, Upper and Lower Egypt, ''OGI''90.46 (Rosetta, ii B. C.), cf. Wilcken ''Chr.''109.9 (iii B. C.).—[[χῶρος]] is another form: in signf. 11 [[χώρα]] alone is used in Att.; whereas in signf. 1 [[χῶρος]] is common, exc. in the special sense of one's proper [[place]] or [[post]] ([[χῶρος]] and [[χώρα]] perhaps cogn. with [[χῆρος]], [[χῆτος]]).