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ῥυθμός: Difference between revisions
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|Definition=Ion. ῥυσμός (v. infr. <span class="bibl">111</span>, IV), ὁ: (ῥέω):—<span class="sense"><p> <span class="bld">A</span> <b class="b2">any regular recurring motion</b> (πᾶς ῥ. ὡρισμένῃ μετρεῖται κινήσει <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pr.</span>882b2</span>): </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">I</span> <b class="b2">measured motion, time</b>, whether in sound or motion, <span class="bibl">Democr.15c</span>; = [[ἡ τῆς κινήσεως τάξις]], <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>665a</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">672e</span>; ὁ ῥ. ἐκ τοῦ ταχέος καὶ βραδέος, ἐκ διενηνεγμένων πρότερον, ὕστερον δὲ ὁμολογησάντων γέγονε <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Smp.</span>187b</span>, cf. Suid. s.v.; <b class="b2">rhythm</b>, opp. <b class="b3">μέτρον</b> and <b class="b3">ἁρμονία</b>, <span class="bibl">Ar. <span class="title">Nu.</span>638</span> sq., <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>397b</span>, <span class="bibl">398d</span>, <span class="bibl">601a</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Rh.</span>1403b31</span>; λόγοι μετὰ μουσικῆς καὶ ῥυθμῶν πεποιημένοι <span class="bibl">Isoc.15.46</span>; of Prose rhythm, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Rh.</span>1408b29</span>, <span class="bibl">D.H.<span class="title">Comp.</span>17</span>: defined by <span class="bibl">Aristox.<span class="title">Rhyth.</span>1</span>, <span class="bibl">Aristid.Quint.1.13</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> special phrases: <b class="b3">ἐν ῥυθμῷ</b> in <b class="b2">time</b>, of dancing, marching, etc., βαίνειν ἐν ῥ. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>670b</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>5.4.14</span>; ὀρχεῖσθαι <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>1.3.10</span>; <b class="b3">ἐν τῷ ῥ. ἀναπνεῖν</b> respire <b class="b2">regularly</b>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pr.</span>882b1</span>; so σωζόμενος ῥ. <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ch.</span>797</span> (lyr.); μετὰ ῥυθμοῦ βαίνοντες <span class="bibl">Th.5.70</span>; <b class="b3">ῥυθμὸν χορείας ὑπάγειν</b> keep <b class="b2">time</b>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Th.</span>956</span> (lyr.); <b class="b3">θάττονα ῥυθμὸν ἐπάγειν</b> play in quicker <b class="b2">time</b>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Smp.</span>2.22</span>; πυρριχίῳ δρόμῳ καὶ ῥυθμῷ <span class="bibl">Hdn.4.2.9</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Plb.4.20.6</span>: pl., <b class="b2">paces</b>, <span class="bibl">Alcid.<span class="title">Soph.</span> 17</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">II</span> <b class="b2">measure, proportion</b> or <b class="b2">symmetry</b> of parts, at rest as well as in motion, <b class="b3">κατὰ τὸν αὐτὸν ῥ</b>. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>728e</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">III</span> generally, <b class="b2">proportion, arrangement, order</b>, ῥυθμῷ τινι <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Cyc.</span>398</span> (codd., but <b class="b3">θ' ἑνὶ</b> is prob.); <b class="b3">οὐκ ἀπὸ ῥυσμοῦ εἰκάζω</b> not without <b class="b2">reason</b>, <span class="bibl">Call. <span class="title">Epigr.</span>44.5</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">IV</span> <b class="b2">state</b> or <b class="b2">condition</b> of anything, <b class="b2">temper, disposition</b>, <span class="bibl">Thgn.964</span> (coupled with <b class="b3">ὀργή</b> and <b class="b3">τρόπος</b>) ; οἷος ῥυσμὸς ἀνθρώπους ἔχει <span class="bibl">Archil.66.7</span>; ὅσοι χθονίους ἔχουσι ῥυσμοὺς καὶ χαλεπούς <span class="bibl">Anacr. 74</span>; <b class="b3">μένει . . χρῆμ' οὐδὲν ἐν ταὐτῷ ῥ</b>. <span class="bibl">Eup.356</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">V</span> <b class="b2">form, shape</b> of a thing, <span class="bibl">Democr.5i</span>; identified by Arist. with <b class="b3">σχῆμα</b>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Metaph.</span>985b16</span>, <span class="bibl">1042b14</span>; <b class="b3">μετέβαλον τὸν ῥ. τῶν γραμμάτων</b> changed the <b class="b2">form</b> or <b class="b2">shape</b> of the letters, <span class="bibl">Hdt.5.58</span>; of Chian boots, <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Art.</span>62</span>; of the <b class="b2">shape</b> of a cup, <span class="bibl">Alex.59</span>; of a breastplate, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>3.10.10</span>; [<b class="b3">τοῦ θυσιαστηρίου</b>] <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">4 Ki.</span>16.10</span>; Αὐτονόας ῥ. ωὑτός <span class="bibl">Theoc.26.23</span>; so of the natural <b class="b2">features</b> of a country, <span class="bibl">D.P.271</span>,<span class="bibl">620</span>; <b class="b2">structure</b> of a substance, <b class="b3">κεγχροειδὲς τῷ ῥ., τῷ ῥ. σπογγῶδες</b>, Dsc.5.77,118. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">VI</span> <b class="b2">manner, fashion</b> of a thing, Ἕλλην ῥ. πέπλων <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Heracl.</span>130</span>; <b class="b3">τίνι ῥ. φόνου</b>; by what <b class="b2">kind</b> of slaughter? <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">El.</span>772</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Supp.</span>94</span>; <b class="b3">ἐν τριγώνοις ῥυθμοῖς</b> triangular-<b class="b2">wise</b>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Fr.</span>78</span>. [ῠ by nature, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ch.</span>797</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Supp.</span>94</span>, etc.; ῡ by position in <span class="bibl">Thgn.964</span>, etc.]</span> | |Definition=Ion. ῥυσμός (v. infr. <span class="bibl">111</span>, IV), ὁ: (ῥέω):—<span class="sense"><p> <span class="bld">A</span> <b class="b2">any regular recurring motion</b> (πᾶς ῥ. ὡρισμένῃ μετρεῖται κινήσει <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pr.</span>882b2</span>): </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">I</span> <b class="b2">measured motion, time</b>, whether in sound or motion, <span class="bibl">Democr.15c</span>; = [[ἡ τῆς κινήσεως τάξις]], <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>665a</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">672e</span>; ὁ ῥ. ἐκ τοῦ ταχέος καὶ βραδέος, ἐκ διενηνεγμένων πρότερον, ὕστερον δὲ ὁμολογησάντων γέγονε <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Smp.</span>187b</span>, cf. Suid. s.v.; <b class="b2">rhythm</b>, opp. <b class="b3">μέτρον</b> and <b class="b3">ἁρμονία</b>, <span class="bibl">Ar. <span class="title">Nu.</span>638</span> sq., <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>397b</span>, <span class="bibl">398d</span>, <span class="bibl">601a</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Rh.</span>1403b31</span>; λόγοι μετὰ μουσικῆς καὶ ῥυθμῶν πεποιημένοι <span class="bibl">Isoc.15.46</span>; of Prose rhythm, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Rh.</span>1408b29</span>, <span class="bibl">D.H.<span class="title">Comp.</span>17</span>: defined by <span class="bibl">Aristox.<span class="title">Rhyth.</span>1</span>, <span class="bibl">Aristid.Quint.1.13</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">2</span> special phrases: <b class="b3">ἐν ῥυθμῷ</b> in <b class="b2">time</b>, of dancing, marching, etc., βαίνειν ἐν ῥ. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>670b</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>5.4.14</span>; ὀρχεῖσθαι <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>1.3.10</span>; <b class="b3">ἐν τῷ ῥ. ἀναπνεῖν</b> respire <b class="b2">regularly</b>, <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pr.</span>882b1</span>; so σωζόμενος ῥ. <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ch.</span>797</span> (lyr.); μετὰ ῥυθμοῦ βαίνοντες <span class="bibl">Th.5.70</span>; <b class="b3">ῥυθμὸν χορείας ὑπάγειν</b> keep <b class="b2">time</b>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Th.</span>956</span> (lyr.); <b class="b3">θάττονα ῥυθμὸν ἐπάγειν</b> play in quicker <b class="b2">time</b>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Smp.</span>2.22</span>; πυρριχίῳ δρόμῳ καὶ ῥυθμῷ <span class="bibl">Hdn.4.2.9</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Plb.4.20.6</span>: pl., <b class="b2">paces</b>, <span class="bibl">Alcid.<span class="title">Soph.</span> 17</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">II</span> <b class="b2">measure, proportion</b> or <b class="b2">symmetry</b> of parts, at rest as well as in motion, <b class="b3">κατὰ τὸν αὐτὸν ῥ</b>. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>728e</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">III</span> generally, <b class="b2">proportion, arrangement, order</b>, ῥυθμῷ τινι <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Cyc.</span>398</span> (codd., but <b class="b3">θ' ἑνὶ</b> is prob.); <b class="b3">οὐκ ἀπὸ ῥυσμοῦ εἰκάζω</b> not without <b class="b2">reason</b>, <span class="bibl">Call. <span class="title">Epigr.</span>44.5</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">IV</span> <b class="b2">state</b> or <b class="b2">condition</b> of anything, <b class="b2">temper, disposition</b>, <span class="bibl">Thgn.964</span> (coupled with <b class="b3">ὀργή</b> and <b class="b3">τρόπος</b>) ; οἷος ῥυσμὸς ἀνθρώπους ἔχει <span class="bibl">Archil.66.7</span>; ὅσοι χθονίους ἔχουσι ῥυσμοὺς καὶ χαλεπούς <span class="bibl">Anacr. 74</span>; <b class="b3">μένει . . χρῆμ' οὐδὲν ἐν ταὐτῷ ῥ</b>. <span class="bibl">Eup.356</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">V</span> <b class="b2">form, shape</b> of a thing, <span class="bibl">Democr.5i</span>; identified by Arist. with <b class="b3">σχῆμα</b>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Metaph.</span>985b16</span>, <span class="bibl">1042b14</span>; <b class="b3">μετέβαλον τὸν ῥ. τῶν γραμμάτων</b> changed the <b class="b2">form</b> or <b class="b2">shape</b> of the letters, <span class="bibl">Hdt.5.58</span>; of Chian boots, <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Art.</span>62</span>; of the <b class="b2">shape</b> of a cup, <span class="bibl">Alex.59</span>; of a breastplate, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>3.10.10</span>; [<b class="b3">τοῦ θυσιαστηρίου</b>] <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">4 Ki.</span>16.10</span>; Αὐτονόας ῥ. ωὑτός <span class="bibl">Theoc.26.23</span>; so of the natural <b class="b2">features</b> of a country, <span class="bibl">D.P.271</span>,<span class="bibl">620</span>; <b class="b2">structure</b> of a substance, <b class="b3">κεγχροειδὲς τῷ ῥ., τῷ ῥ. σπογγῶδες</b>, Dsc.5.77,118. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">VI</span> <b class="b2">manner, fashion</b> of a thing, Ἕλλην ῥ. πέπλων <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Heracl.</span>130</span>; <b class="b3">τίνι ῥ. φόνου</b>; by what <b class="b2">kind</b> of slaughter? <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">El.</span>772</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Supp.</span>94</span>; <b class="b3">ἐν τριγώνοις ῥυθμοῖς</b> triangular-<b class="b2">wise</b>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Fr.</span>78</span>. [ῠ by nature, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ch.</span>797</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Supp.</span>94</span>, etc.; ῡ by position in <span class="bibl">Thgn.964</span>, etc.]</span> | ||
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|ptext=[[https://www.translatum.gr/images/pape/pape-02-0850.png Seite 850]] ὁ, ion. [[ῥυσμός]], jede Bewegung, bes. wobei ein gewisses Maaß stattfindet. Dah. – 1) eigtl. das Zeitmaaß, der Takt, bei dem Tanz, der Musik, dem Versmaaß od. in sonst einer abgemessenen, taktmäßigen Bewegung, wofür auch wir das Wort Rhythmus brauchen; χορείας, Ar. Th. 955; πότερα περὶ μέτρων ἢ περὶ ἐπῶν ἢ ῥυθμῶν, Nubb. 628, vgl. 637. 638; Plat. Conv. 187 b sagt ὥςπερ γε καὶ ὁ ῥυθμὸς ἐκ τοῦ ταχέος καὶ βραδέος διενηνεγμένων πρότερον, [[ὕστερον]] δὲ ὁμολογησάντων γέγονε; τῇ τῆς κινήσεως τάξει ῥυθμὸς [[ὄνομα]] εἴη, Legg. II, 655 a; βαίνειν ἐν ῥυθμῷ, ib. 170 b; oft mit [[ἁρμονία]] verbunden, wie Conv. 187 c; ἐν ῥ υθμῷ ὀρχεῖσθαι, Xen. Cyr. 1, 3, 10 An. 5, 4, 14, der auch ῥυθμοὺς σαλπίζειν vrbdt, 7, 3, 32, nach dem Takte blasen od. mit der Trompete den Takt angeben, womit Pol. 4. 20, 6 zu vergleichen: αὐλὸν καὶ ῥυθμὸν εἰς τὸν πόλεμον ἀντὶ σάλπιγγος εἰσήγαγον οἱ Λακεδαιμόνιοι, Luc. ἐν ῥυθμῷ ἔβαινε πρὸς αὐλόν, Prom. 6; auch οὐκ οἶδ' [[ὅπως]] ἐπλήγην ὑπὸ τοῦ ῥυθμοῦ τῶν ὀνομάτων, vit. auct. 21, u. sonst; Plut. u. A. – Bes. bei sp. Rhett. u. Gramm. der Wohlklang der Rede, der Tonfall, der aus schönem Ebenmaaße der Sylben, Wörter u. Sätze entspringt. – 2) Gleichmaaß, Ebenmaaß des Raumes, richtiges, schönes Verhältniß der Theile, vgl. Xen. Mem. 3, 10, 10, wo vom [[ῥυθμός]] der Harnische gesprochen wird, und es dem ἁρμόττοντας ποιεῖν entspricht; die nach einem bestimmten Ebenmaaße bestimmte Form oder Gestalt, γραμμάτων [[ῥυσμός]], die Gestalt der Buchstaben, Her. 5, 38, wie von der Gestalt eines Trinkgefäßes Alexis bei Ath. III, 125 f; vgl. auch Theocr. 26, 23. – 3) überhaupt das rechte Maaß, σωζόμενον ῥυθμόν, Aesch. Ch. 786. – Auch die Art u. Weise, die Gemüthsart, Theogn. 958, wo es mit [[ὀργή]] u. [[τρόπος]] verbunden ist; der Zustand des Menschen überhaupt, [[οἷος]] ῥυθμὸς ἀνθρώπους ἔχει, Archil. frg. 31, 7. – Proportion, Verhältniß, κατὰ τὸν αὐτὸν ῥυθμὸν ἔχει, Plat. Legg. V, 728 f. – Es ist wohl von ῥέω abzuleiten oder mit [[ῥέπω]], [[ῥομβέω]] verwandt. – [Die Attiker und die spätern Dichter brauchen die erste Sylbe nicht selten kurz.] | |||
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