πλῆθος: Difference between revisions

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|Definition=εος, τό, Dor. and Arc. πλῆθος <span class="title">Schwyzer</span> 84.8, al. (Argive, found in Crete, v B.C.), <span class="title">IG</span>5(2).6.20 (Tegea, iv B.C.), etc.; Boeot. πλεῖθος ib.7.3171.46 (Orchom. Boeot.); pseudo-Dor. and pseudo-Aeol. πλᾶθος <span class="title">GDI</span>5176.21 (Crete), <span class="title">IGRom.</span>4.1302.18 (Cyme, i B.C./ i A.D.), Hippod. ap. Stob.4.1.93: (<b class="b3">πλήθω</b>, <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> v. [[πίμπλημι]]):—<b class="b2">great number, multitude</b>, esp. of people, <span class="bibl">Il.17.330</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.49</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">στρατοῦ π</b>., periphr. for <b class="b3">στρατὸς πολύς</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.9.73</span>; <b class="b3">ὡς πλήθει</b> for the <b class="b2">mass</b> of men, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>389d</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b3">τὸ π</b>. the <b class="b2">greater number</b>, the <b class="b2">mass, main body</b>, τὸ π. τοῦ στρατοῦ <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.82</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">5.92</span>; <b class="b3">τὸ π. τῆς ψυχῆς</b> the <b class="b2">largest part</b> of... <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>689a</span>: as Noun of Multitude with pl. Verb, Ἀθηναίων τὸ π. οἴονται <span class="bibl">Th.1.20</span>; <b class="b3">τὸ π. ἐψηφίσαντο πολεμεῖν</b> <b class="b2">the majority</b>, ib.<span class="bibl">125</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>2.4.20</span>; <b class="b3">τῷ π</b>. by <b class="b2">a majority</b>, Berl.Sitzb.1927.8 (Locr., v B.C.): hence, <b class="b2">people, population</b>, σμικρὸν τὸ π. τῆσδε γῆς <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ph.</span>715</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">b</span> <b class="b2">the commons</b>, Th. <span class="bibl">1.9</span>, etc.; ἡ τοῦ π. ἀρχή, δημοκρατία τοὔνομα κληθεῖσα <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Plt.</span>291d</span>; ἐς τὸ π. φέρειν τὸ κράτος <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.81</span>: freq. of the popular <b class="b2">assembly</b>, <b class="b3">τὸ ὑμέτερον π., τὸ π. τὸ ὑμέτερον</b>, <span class="bibl">Lys.12.42</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ap.</span>31c</span>; <b class="b3">Ἐρυθραίων τῷ π., Ἀθηναίων τοῦ π</b>., <span class="title">IG</span>12.10.21, 22; = Lat. <b class="b2">plebs</b>, <span class="bibl">Plb.6.15.11</span>, <span class="bibl">D.S.12.25</span>, <span class="bibl">D.H.4.71</span>; also, <b class="b2">association, corporation</b>, or <b class="b2">guild</b>, τὸ π. τὸ Ἁλιαδᾶν <span class="title">IG</span> 12(1).155.6, 156.5 (Rhodes); τὸ τῶν Πανιαστῶν π. <span class="title">IGRom.</span>4.1680(Pergam.); τὸ π. τῶν ἱερέων <span class="title">OGI</span>56.24 (Canopus, iii B.C.); π. τῶν ἁλιέων <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PSI</span>5.498.2</span> (iii B.C.); τὸ π. τῶν μαχαιροφόρων <span class="title">OGI</span>737 (Memphis, ii B.C.); opp. <b class="b3">αἱ ἀρχαί, οἱ ὀλίγοι</b>, <span class="bibl">Th.5.84</span>; but also, <b class="b2">populace, mob</b>, opp. <b class="b3">δῆμος</b> (commons), <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Ath.</span>2.18</span>, <span class="bibl">App.<span class="title">BC</span>1.10</span>: also in pl., <b class="b3">πείθειν τὰ π</b>. the <b class="b2">masses</b>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Grg.</span>452e</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Sph.</span>268b</span>; ὃ πᾶσι . . σωτήριον, μάλιστα δὲ τοῖς π. πρὸς τοὺς τυράννους <span class="bibl">D.6.24</span>; φιλόσοφον . . π. ἀδύνατον εἶναι <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>494a</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> <b class="b2">quantity</b> or <b class="b2">number</b>, πόσον π. ἦν νεῶν Ἑλληνίδων; <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>334</span>; τῆς σῆς δυνάμεως τί φῂς π. εἶναι; <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>2.1.6</span>; ὅμιλος πλήθει φοβερώτατος <span class="bibl">Th.2.98</span>; ἰσχύϊ καὶ πλήθει προέχων <span class="bibl">Id.3.74</span>; τῷ π. αὐτῶν καταπλαγέντες <span class="bibl">Id.4.10</span>; πλήθεϊ πολλοί <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.11</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">6.44</span>; σὺν πλήθει χερῶν <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>123</span>; πλήθει παρόντες <b class="b2">in force</b>, <span class="bibl">Th.8.22</span>: abs. in acc., κόσοι πλῆθος <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.153</span>; πόσοι τὸ π.; <span class="bibl">Diph.17.1</span>; ἐρέται . . π. ἀνάριθμοι <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>40</span> (anap.); π. ὡς δισχίλιοι <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>4.2.2</span>; ἄπειρα τὸ π. <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Mem.</span>1.1.14</span>; ἄπειρα καὶ π. καὶ σμικρότητα Anaxag.1; π. τι πάμπολυ φθειρῶν <span class="title">IG</span>42(1).122.45, cf. 32 (Epid., iv B.C.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> <b class="b2">magnitude, size</b>, or <b class="b2">extent</b>, [ὄρος] πλήθεϊ μέγιστον καὶ μεγάθεϊ ὑψηλότατον <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.203</span>; <b class="b3">πεδίον πλῆθος ἄπειρον</b> ib.<span class="bibl">204</span>; ἡ ἐρῆμος . . ἐοῦσα πλῆθος ἑπτὰ ἡμερέων ὁδοῦ <span class="bibl">Id.4.123</span>; π. χώρας καὶ ἀνθρώπων <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>1.5.9</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> in Att., of <b class="b2">quantity</b> or <b class="b2">amount</b>, διὰ π. τῆς ζημίας <span class="bibl">Th.3.70</span>; χρημάτων π. <span class="bibl">Id.1.9</span>; διὰ πλῆθος οὐσίας <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>591e</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1279a19</span>; ταῦτα οὐδέν ἐστι πλήθει οὐδὲ μεγέθει πρὸς ἐκεῖνα <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>614a</span>; μετὰ πλήθους ἱδρῶτος <b class="b2">multa sudans</b>, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ti.</span>84e</span>; τὸ π. τοῦ ῥεύματος <span class="bibl">Plb.1.75.5</span>; <b class="b3">τὸ παρακείμενον π</b>. the <b class="b2">amount</b> entered against each, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ostr.Bodl.</span>i 252</span> (ii B.C.); of money, τὸ ἴσον π. <span class="title">TAM</span>2.526 (Pinara): in pl., <b class="b2">quantities</b>, ἐμβρύων <span class="bibl">Cratin.326</span>; θαυμαστὸν ὅσ' ἐστ' ἀγαθῶν π. <span class="bibl">Mnesim.4.51</span> (anap.); οἰκοδομημάτων πλήθεσι ἢ μεγέθεσι <span class="bibl">D.C.52.30</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">10</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> <b class="b2">more than enough</b>, π. φέρειν <span class="bibl">LXX<span class="title">Ex.</span>36.5</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> <b class="b2">plurality</b>, opp. <b class="b3">ἕν</b>, <span class="bibl">Dam.<span class="title">Pr.</span>45</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">IV</span> of Time, <b class="b2">length</b>, χρόνου <span class="bibl">Th.1.1</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Tht.</span>158d</span>, <span class="bibl">Isoc.12.180</span>; π. ἐτῶν <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span>855</span>; πλήθει πολλῶν μηνῶν <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>722</span>(lyr.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">V</span> with Preps., or Advbs., ἐς π. <b class="b2">in great numbers</b>, <span class="bibl">Th.1.14</span>; <b class="b3">κατὰ πλῆθος</b> a <b class="b2">large number</b> at a time, <span class="title">IG</span>12.6.112; ὡς ἐπὶ τὸ π. <b class="b2">usually, mostly</b>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phdr.</span>275b</span>; ὡς ἐπὶ τὸ π. εἰπεῖν <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">GA</span>786a35</span>; κατὰ π. <span class="bibl">D.H.6.67</span>.</span>

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