is: Difference between revisions

|lshtext=<b>is</b>: ĕa, id (m. eis, C. I. L. 1, 198; n. it, ib. 5, 875 al., and freq. in MSS. of Plaut.),<br /><b>I</b> gen. ējus (old form eiius, C. I. L. 3, 1365 et saep.; v. Prisc. 1, 4, 18, p. 545; also etius, ib. 2, 1276 al.; scanned ĕius, Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 60; Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 51; v. Lachm. ad Lucr. 3, 374; also Cic. poët. N. D. 2, 42, 109: [[eius]], monosyl., Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 206; Ter. Eun. 4, 1, 7 et saep.; dat. ĕï, in [[ante]]-[[class]]. [[poetry]] [[often]] ēi, Plaut. Most. 4, 2, 32; Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 46; Lucr. 2, 1136; 5, 300: eiei, C. I. L. 1, 198, 12 al.: eei, Inscr. Neap. 2423: iei, C. I. L. 1, 205, col. 2, 12 al.: ei, monosyl., Plaut. Capt. 2, 3, 68; id. Trin. 1, 2, 138 et saep.; Cat. 82, 3; cf. Prisc. 7, 5, 21, p. 740; Lachm. ad Lucr. 3, 374: eo, Inscr. Murat. 582; f. eae, Plaut. Mil. 2, 3, 77 Ritschl; [[Cato]], R. R. 46, 1; v. Varr. L. L. 8, 28, 51; acc. im for eum, Lex ap. Cic. Leg. 2, 24, 60; [[Charis]]. 1, 17, p. 107 sq.; Paul. ex Fest. p. 103; also em, Tab. XII., tab. 1, fr. 1.— Plur. nom. m. ĕi, Plaut. Mil. 2, 4, 32; id. Stich. 1, 3, 47; Ter. Ad. prol. 23; [[but]] in the MSS. ii; Cic. de Or. 1, 19, 87 et saep.: eei, Inscr. Neap. 2423, 8: iei, C. I. L. 1, 185; Varr. L. L. 9, 1, 2 al.; [[but]] ī, Plaut. Trin. prol. 17; id. Mil. 3, 1, 158 al.; v. Ritschl prol. p. 98; gen. eum for eorum, Inscr. Murat. 582, 2; dat. and abl. eīs or iīs, also īs, C. I. L. 1, 198, 48; Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 140, and freq. in MSS.: eis, monosyl., Ter. And. 1, 1, 36; id. Eun. 5, 8, 59 al.; v. Lachm. ad Lucr. 4, 934: ieis, C. I. L. 1, 204, col. 1, 5 al.; old form also ībus, Plaut. Mil. 1, 74; id. Truc. 1, 2, 17: ĭbus, Titin. et Pomp. ap. Non. p. 486; Lucr. 2, 88; cf. S. C. ap. Gell. 4, 6, 2; v. Lachm. l. l.; f. eābus, [[Cato]], R. R. 152; cf. Prisc. 7, 3, 11, p. 733; v. [[more]] on these forms, Neue, Formenl. 2, 191-196), pron. demonstr. [[root]] i-; Sanscr. itas; [[hence]], i-ha, here; cf. i-bi, i-ta, i-dem, etc.].<br /><b>I</b> He, she, it; this or [[that]] [[man]], [[woman]], [[thing]].<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>A</b> Referring to [[something]] [[already]] mentioned, in gen.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>1</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Referring to the [[third]] [[person]]: fuit [[quidam]] [[senex]] Mercator: navem is fregit [[apud]] Andrum insulam: Is obiit mortem, Ter. And. 1, 3, 16: venit mihi [[obviam]] [[tuus]] [[puer]]: is mihi litteras abs te reddidit, Cic. Att. 2, 1, 1: objecit ut [[probrum]] nobiliori, [[quod]] is, etc., id. Tusc. 1, 2, 3.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Of the [[first]] [[person]]: ego me credidi Homini docto rem mandare: is lapidi [[mando]] maxumo, Plaut. Merc. 3, 4, 47: haec omnia is feci, qui [[sodalis]] Dolabellae eram, Cic. Fam. 12, 14; Sen. Ep. 63 al. —<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>3</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Of the [[second]] [[person]]: qui [[magister]] equitum fuisse [[tibi]] viderere, is per municipia cucurristi, Cic. Phil. 2, 30.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> Esp.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>1</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; In [[connection]] [[with]] a [[noun]]: ea re, [[quia]] turpe [[sit]], faciendum non esse, Cic. Off. 3, 13: ea res ut est Helvetiis enuntiata, etc., Caes. B. G. 1, 4: ne ob eam rem tribueret, etc., id. ib. 1, 13: [[flumen]] est [[Arar]] ... id [[flumen]], etc., id. ib. 1, 12: sub id [[tempus]], Liv. 43, 5: ejus disputationis sententias memoriae mandavi, Cic. Lael. 1, 3: [[ante]] eam diem, id. Att. 2, 11, 2: ea tempestate, Sall. C. 36, 4: [[quam]] urbem is rex condidit, Plin. 6, 17, 21, § 61.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; When is, ea, id would [[stand]] in the [[same]] [[case]] [[with]] the [[relative]] it is [[usually]] omitted; [[when]] the [[relative]] precedes, it is [[sometimes]] employed for [[emphasis]]: [[male]] se res habet, cum, [[quod]] virtute effici debet, id temptatur pecuniā, Cic. Off. 2, 6, 22. —<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>3</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Connected [[with]] que and [[quidem]], it gives [[prominence]] to a [[preceding]] [[idea]]: cum una legione eaque vacillante, and [[that]], Cic. Phil. 3, 12, 31: [[inprimis]] nobis [[sermo]] isque [[multus]] de te fuit, id. Att. 5, 1, 3: [[tuus]] [[dolor]] [[humanus]] is [[quidem]], sed, etc., id. ib. 12, 10: vincula et ea sempiterna, id. Cat. 4, 4, 7: certa flagitiis [[merces]], nec ea parva, id. Phil. 2, 18, 44.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>4</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; It is [[sometimes]] used [[instead]] of the reflexive pronoun: [[Helvetii]] persuadent Rauracis, ut una cum iis (for [[secum]]) proficiscantur, Caes. B. G. 1, 5: [[Caesar]] [[etiam]] privatas injurias [[ultus]] est, [[quod]] ejus soceri avum Tigurini interfecerant, id. ib. 1, 12. —<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>5</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; It is [[sometimes]] placed, for greater [[emphasis]], [[after]] a [[relative]]: multitudinem, quae fortunis vestris imminebat, eam ... se fecisse commemorat, ut, etc., Cic. Mil. 35, 95; cf.: urbem novam conditam vi et armis, jure eam legibusque de [[integro]] condere parat, Liv. 1, 19, 1.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>C</b> Id, n., to [[designate]] an [[idea]] in the [[most]] [[general]] [[manner]], [[that]] ([[thing]], [[fact]], [[thought]], [[circumstance]], etc.).<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>1</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; In gen.: [[quando]] verba vana ad id locorum fuerint, rebus standum esse, [[hitherto]], [[till]] [[now]], Liv. 9, 45, 2; so, ad id (sc. [[tempus]]), id. 3, 22: ad id diei, Gell. 17, 8: ad id [[quod]] [[natura]] cogeret, i. e. [[death]], Nep. Att. 22, 2: id temporis, at [[that]] [[time]], Cic. Mil. 10, 28; id. Cat. 4, 1, 10: id. Att. 13, 33: id aetatis, at [[that]] [[age]], id. de Or. 1, 47; cf. id. Verr. 2, 2, 37, § 91.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Esp.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(a)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Id, [[therefore]], for [[that]] [[reason]], on [[that]] [[account]]: id ego [[gaudeo]], Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 3: id misera maesta est, Plaut. Rud. 2, 3, 66: idne estis auctores mihi? do [[you]] [[advise]] me to [[that]]? Ter. Ad. 5, 8, 16.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(b)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Id [[genus]] = ejus generis, Gell. 9, 12, 13: aliquid id [[genus]] scribere, Cic. Att. 13, 12, 3.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(g)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Ad id, for [[that]] [[purpose]]: ad id [[quod]] sua quemque [[mala]] cogebant, [[evocati]], Liv. 3, 7, 8: ad id [[quod]] = [[praeterquam]] [[quod]], [[besides]] [[that]]: [[consul]] ad id, [[quod]], etc., [[tunc]] [[quoque]], etc., id. 44, 37, 12; 3, 62, 1; 26, 45, 8 al.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(d)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; In id, to [[that]] [[end]], on [[that]] [[account]], [[therefore]]: in id [[fide]] a rege [[accepta]], Liv. 28, 17.—（ε) In eo est, it is [[gone]] so [[far]], is at [[that]] [[pass]]: [[quod]] ad me de Lentulo scribis, non est in eo, it is not [[come]] to [[that]], is not so, Cic. Att. 12, 40: cum jam in eo esset, ut in muros evaderet [[miles]], [[when]] the soldiers were [[just]] on the [[point]] of [[scaling]] the walls, Liv. 2, 17, 5; 28, 22, 8; Nep. Milt. 7, 3: in eo est, also, it consists in [[that]], depends [[upon]] [[that]]: totum in eo est [[tectorium]], ut [[sit]] concinnum, Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 1, § 1: ejus [[omnis]] [[oratio]] versata est in eo, ut, etc., id. de Or. 1, 57, 254: sic velim enitare [[quasi]] in eo mihi sint omnia, id. Fam. 15, 14.— (ζ) Ex eo, from [[that]], [[hence]]: sed [[tamen]] ex eo, [[quod]] eam voluptatem videtur amplexari [[saepe]] vehementius, etc., Cic. Fin. 2, 9. — (η) Cum eo, ut ([[with]] subj.), [[with]] the [[condition]] or [[stipulation]] [[that]], etc., Liv. 8, 14.— (θ) Eo, adverbially, [[with]] the comp., so [[much]], by so [[much]]; [[but]] [[frequently]] to be expressed in English by the, Cic. Quint. 9; so id. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 5.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>D</b> Sometimes is refers to the foll. [[substantive]], [[instead]] of to the [[preceding]] [[relative]]: quae vectigalia locasset, ea rata [[locatio]] (for eorum), Liv. 23, 11: ea libera conjectura est (for de hac re), id. 4, 20: quae [[pars]] major erit, eo stabitur consilio (for ejus), id. 7, 35: existit ea, quae [[gemma]] dicitur, Cic. de Sen. 15.—Sometimes, for [[emphasis]], it is placed [[before]] the [[relative]] [[quod]], to [[represent]] a [[thought]] or [[clause]]: [[ratus]], id [[quod]] [[negotium]] poscebat, Jugurtham venturum, Sall. J. 56, 1; id. C. 51, 20: [[sive]] [[ille]] hoc ingenio potuisset, [[sive]], id [[quod]] constaret, Platonis [[studiosus]] audiendi fuisset, Cic. de Or. 1, 20, 89: si nos, id [[quod]] debet, nostra [[patria]] delectat, id. ib. 1, 44, 196: si, id [[quod]] [[facile]] factu fuit, vi armisque superassem, id. Sest. 17, 39; 13, 30; so, id quo, id. Inv. 1, 26, 39: id de quo, Liv. 21, 10, 9. — It is [[thus]] [[apparently]] pleonastic [[after]] substantives: Octavio Mamilio—is [[longe]] [[princeps]] Latini nominis erat ...—ei Mamilio filiam nuptum dat, Liv. 1, 49, 9: cultrum, quem habebat, eum defigit, id. 1, 58, 11; cf. id. 3, 58, 1.—It is [[rarely]] pleonastic [[after]] the [[relative]]: [[quod]] ne id facere posses, [[idcirco]] dixeram, Cic. Ac. 2, 25, 79 dub. (B. and K. bracket id). —<br /><b>II</b> He, she, it; [[that]] [[man]] or the [[man]] ([[woman]], [[thing]]), the one, [[that]] one, as a correlative to qui: si is, qui erit [[adductus]], Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 89, § 207: is mihi [[profecto]] [[servus]] [[spectatus]] [[satis]], Cui [[dominus]] curae est, Ter. Ad. 5, 6, 5. And also in the [[first]] [[person]]: haec [[tibi]] [[scribo]] ... is, qui flevi, Sen. Ep. 1.—<br /><b>III</b> Such, of [[such]] a [[sort]], [[character]], or [[quality]]: in eum jam rediit locum, ut, etc., Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 118: [[neque]] [[enim]] tu is es, qui, [[quid]] sis, nescias, Cic. Fam. 5, 12, 6; 4, 7, 2: [[itaque]] ego is in illum [[sum]], quem tu me esse vis, id. Att. 7, 8, 1: is eram [[natus]] ... ut potuerim, Liv. 7, 40, 8.—Adj.: nec [[tamen]] eas cenas [[quaero]], ut magnae [[reliquiae]] fiant, Cic. Fam. 9, 16, 8; id. Clu. 70: quae causae sunt ejus modi, ut de earum jure dubium esse non possit, id. de Or. 1, 57, 241: est [[enim]] [[credo]] is vir [[iste]], ut civitatis [[nomen]] sua auctoritate sustineat, id. Fl. 15, 34. —<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> Such, so [[great]], of so [[high]] a [[degree]]: L. Mescinius ea [[mecum]] consuetudine conjunctus est, [[quod]] mihi [[quaestor]] fuit, Cic. Fam. 13, 26, 1.—Hence, advv.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>1</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ĕā (sc. parte, viā, etc.), on [[that]] [[side]], by [[that]] [[way]], [[there]]: [[quod]] eā [[proxime]] accedi poterat, Cic. Caecin. 8, 21: itinera muniit: effecit ut eā [[elephantus]] [[ornatus]] [[ire]] posset, quā [[antea]], etc., Nep. Ham. 3 fin.: [[postquam]] comperit, transitum eā non esse, Liv. 21, 32, 9; 5, 43, 2; 24, 2 fin.; 26, 11 fin.; 27, 15 fin. al. —<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ĕō, v. 2. eo.