ἴσος: Difference between revisions

|Definition=η, ον, Ep. [[ἶσος]] and [[ἔϊσος]] (v. infr.); Cret., Arc. [[ϝίσϝος]] ''GDI'' 4998ii2, 4982.2, ''Schwyzer''665, cf. γισγόν· ἴσον, [[Hesychius Lexicographus|Hsch.]]; later ἵσος ''Schwyzer'' 708a (1) (Ephesus, iv B.C.), ''Tab.Heracl.''1.175, etc.:—<br><span class="bld">A</span> [[equal]] in [[size]], [[strength]], or [[number]], c. dat., κύματα ἶσα ὄρεσσιν Od.3.290, etc.; freq. of appearance, [[like]], ἶσος ἀναύδῳ 10.378; ἶσος Ἄρευι Sapph.91 (dub.); <b class="b3">ἴσος θεοῖσιν</b> Ead.2.1: freq.abs., ἴσην . . βίην καὶ κῦδος Il.7.205; [[ἶσον θυμὸν ἔχειν]] to [[be of like mind]], 13.704, 17.720: neut. as adverb, ἶσον ἐμοὶ φρονέουσα 15.50; θεοῖσιν ἶσ' ἔθελε [[φρονέειν]] 5.441, cf. 21.315, etc.; <b class="b3">ἴσος τινὶ τὸ μέγαθος, ὕψος</b>, [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]2.32, 124; <b class="b3">τὸ μῆκος, τὸ πλάτος</b>, X.''An.'' 5.4.32; ἀριθμόν E.''Supp.''662; <b class="b3">ἴσα τὸν ἀ.</b> Pl.''R.''441c; <b class="b3">ποτὴν ἴσον</b> [[equal]] in [[flight]] of [[song]], Alex.Aet.5.5; [[ἴσον]], τό, [[copy]] of a [[document]], ''PLond.'' 3.1222.5 (ii A.D.), etc.: with dat. pers. in place of an object of comparison, <b class="b3">οὐ μὲν σοί ποτε ἶσον ἔχω γέρας</b> (i.e. <b class="b3">τῷ σῷ γέραϊ</b>) Il.1.163; <b class="b3">τοῖσδ' ἴσας ναῦς</b> (i.e. <b class="b3">ταῖς τῶνδε</b>) E.''IA''262(lyr.); ἴσα τοῖς νῦν στρατηγοῖς ἀγάθ' εἰργασμένους D.13.21: followed by a relative word, <b class="b3">ἐμοὶ ἴσον... ὅσονπερ ὑμῖν</b> the [[same]] to me as to you, Ar.''Ec.''173; τὰ ἐκεῖ ἴσα, ὥσπερ τὰ ἐνθάδε Lys.19.36 codd. (fort. [[σᾶ]]) <b class="b3">; τὰ ἴσα ὅσαπερ . .</b> Lex ap.D.23.44; ἴσον . . ὅπερ Pl.''Erx.''405b.<br><span class="bld">2</span> repeated to denote equal relations, [[ἴσα πρὸς ἴσα]] = [[tit for tat]], [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.2; ταχθέντες ἴσοι πρὸς ἴσους S. ''Ant.''142 (anap.); ἴσους ἴσοισι . . ἀντιθείς E.''Ph.''750; ἴσα ἀντὶ ἴσων λαμβάνειν, ἐκδοῦναι [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Leges|Lg.]]''774c; <b class="b3">ἴσος ἴσῳ</b> (''[[sc.]]'' <b class="b3">οἶνος ὕδατι</b>) Cratin.184, ''Com.Adesp.''107, etc.; <b class="b3">κύλικος ἴσον ἴσῳ κεκραμένης</b> (where [[ἴσον]] is adverbial) Ar.''Pl.''1132; διδόναι γάλα καὶ οἶνον πίνειν ἴσον ἴσῳ Hp. ''Epid.''2.5.1: metaph., 'fairly blended', μηδὲν ἴσον ἴσῳ φέρων [[Aristophanes|Ar.]]''[[Acharnians|Ach.]]'' 354.<br><span class="bld">3</span> of persons, [[equal in rights]], βούλεται ἡ πόλις ἐξ ἴσων εἶναι καὶ ὁμοίων Arist.''Pol.''1295b25; <b class="b3">ἡ πολιτικὴ ἐλευθέρων καὶ ἴσων ἀρχή</b> ib. 1255b20; <b class="b3">τὸ κατ' ἀξίαν ἴσον</b> ib.1307a26, al.<br><span class="bld">II</span> [[equally divided]] or [[equally distributed]], ἴση [[μοῖρα]] Il.9.318; [[ἴση]] alone, [[one's equal share]], μή τίς μοι [[ἀτέμβω|ἀτεμβόμενος]] κίοι ἴσης Od.9.42 ([[ἴσσης]] cj. Fick, cf. [[ἴσσασθαι]]); τὴν ἴσην ἔχων Cratin.250; <b class="b3">οὐ μὴν ἴ. ἔτεισεν</b> (''[[sc.]]'' [[τίσιν]]) [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Oedipus Tyrannus|OT]]''810; [[ἄχρι τῆς ἴσης]] = [[up to the point of equality]], D.5.17: neut., μὴ ἴσον νεῖμαι ἑκατέρῳ Pl.''Prt.''337a; οὐ μόνον ἴσον, ἀλλὰ καὶ πλέον ἔχειν Isoc.17.57; <b class="b3">οὐκ ἀνέξῃ δωμάτων ἔχων ἴσον καὶ τῷδε νεῖμαι</b>; E.''Ph.''547; [[τὰ ἴσα]] = [[fair measure]], τὰ ἴσα [[νέμειν]] [[Herodotus|Hdt.]] 6.11; <b class="b3">μὴ ἴσων ἕκαστον τυγχάνειν ἀλλὰ πλεονεκτεῖν</b>, [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Cyropaedia|Cyr.]]''2.2.20; [[προστυχεῖν τῶν ἴσων]] to [[obtain fair terms]], S.''Ph.''552; <b class="b3">κἂν ἴσαι</b> (''[[sc.]]'' [[ψῆφοι]]) <b class="b3"> γένωνται</b> [[equally divided]], Ar.''Ra.''685.<br><span class="bld">2</span> [[based on equality of rights]], ἴση καὶ [[ἔννομος]] [[πολιτεία]] Aeschin.1.5; τὴν πολιτείαν ἰσαιτέραν καθιστάναι Th.8.89; [[τὰ ἴσα]] = [[equal rights]], [[equality]], freq. joined with <b class="b3">τὰ ὅμοια</b> or τὰ δίκαια, ὡς τῆς πολιτείας ἐσομένης ἐν τοῖς ἴ. καὶ ὁμοίοις X.''HG''7.1.45; τῶν ἴ. καὶ τῶν δικαίων ἕκαστος ἡγεῖται ἑαυτῷ μετεῖναι ἐν τῇ δημοκρατίᾳ D.21.67; <b class="b3">οὐ μέτεστι τῶν ἴσων οὐδὲ τῶν ὁμοίων πρὸς τοὺς πλουσίους τοῖς λοιποῖς</b> ib.112; <b class="b3">τῶν ἴ. μετεῖχε τοῖς ἄλλοις</b> ib.96; also <b class="b3">ἡ ἴση καὶ ὁμοία</b> (''[[sc.]]'' [[δίκη]]), τῆς ἴσης καὶ ὁμοίας [[μετέχειν]] Th.4.105; [[ἐπ' ἴσῃ τε καὶ ὁμοίῃ]] = [[on fair and equal terms]], [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]9.7, ά, cf. Th.1.145; <b class="b3">ἐπὶ τῇ ἴ. καὶ ὁμοίᾳ</b> ib.27, cf. ''SIG''312.27 (Samos, iv B.C.), ''OGI''229.44 (Smyrna, iii B.C.), etc.: generally, [[just]], [[fair]], <b class="b3">ἐκ ποίας ἴ. καὶ δικαίας προφάς εως</b>; D.18.284.<br><span class="bld">3</span> of persons, [[fair]], [[impartial]], S.''Ph.''684(lyr.), ''OT''677; ἴσος [[δικαστής]] [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Leges|Lg.]]'' 957c; ἴ. καὶ κοινοὶ ἀκροαταί D.29.1, cf. 18.7; ἴ. καὶ κοινὸν [[δικαστήριον]] Id.7.36; κοινοὺς μὲν... ἴ. δὲ μή Pl.''Prt.''337a; ἴ. ἴσθι κρινων Men.''Mon.'' 266, cf. 257; κριταὶ ἴ. καὶ δίκαιοι Plb.24.15.3, etc.<br><span class="bld">4</span> [[adequate]], ἡ ἴση [[φρουρά]] Th.7.27 (expld. by Sch. as [[regular]], [[τεταγμένη]]) <b class="b3">; ἴσος τοῖς</b> παροῦσι Id.1.132.<br><span class="bld">III</span> of [[ground]], [[even]], [[flat]], εἰς τὸ ἴσον [[καταβαίνειν]], of an [[army]], X.''An.''4.6.18 (but <b class="b3">ἐν ἴσῳ προσιέναι</b> to advance [[with even step]], ib.1.8.11); <b class="b3">λέουσιν εἰς τὸ ἴσον καθιστάμενοι μάχεσθαι</b>, opp. <b class="b3">μετὰ πλεονεξίας ἀγωνίζεσθαι</b>, [[on even terms]], Id.''Cyr.''1.6.28; ἴσος [[τοῖχος]], opp. [[κεκλικώς]], [[perpendicular]], Phlp.''in APo.''2.27.<br><span class="bld">IV</span> Adv. [[ἴσως]] (v. sub voc.): but also,<br><span class="bld">1</span> neut. sg. and pl. from Hom. downwds. (v. sub init.), <b class="b3">ἶσον . . ἀπήχθετο κηρὶ μελαίνῃ</b> [[even as]] Death, Il.3.454; [[ἶσον ἐμοὶ βασίλευε]] = [[be king like me]], 9.616; <b class="b3">ἶσον γάρ σε θεῷ τίσουσιν Ἀχαιοί</b> ib. 603; ἶσον ἐμῇ κεφαλῇ 18.82; τὸν . . ἶσα θεῷ . . εἰσορόωσιν Od.15.520; ἶσα φίλοισι τέκεσσι Il.5.71, cf. 13.176, Od.1.432, 11.304, etc.: later abs., [[alike]], δείλαιε τοῦ νοῦ τῆς τε συμφορᾶς ἴσον [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Oedipus Tyrannus|OT]]''1347; τὴν Σάμον καὶ Ἡρακλέας στήλας ἴσον ἀπέχειν [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]8.132: c. dat., ἴσον ναοῖς θεῶν E.''Hel.''801; [[ἴσον ἄπεσμεν τῷ πρίν]] = [[equally as before]], Id.''Hipp.''302 ([[varia lectio|v.l.]] τῶν [[πρίν]]); ἴσα τοῖς πάνυ D.C.''Fr.''70.6; <b class="b3">ἴσα καί . .</b> [[like as]], [[as if]], [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Oedipus Tyrannus|OT]]'' 1187(lyr.), E.''El.''994 (anap.), Th.3.14; ἴσον ὡς . . [[Euripides|E.]]''[[Ion]]'' 1363; [[ὥσπερ]] . . S.''El.''532; ὥστε . . [[Euripides|E.]]''[[Orestes|Or.]]''882; ἅτε . . Id.''HF''667(lyr.); ὅσονπερ . . D.15.1.<br><span class="bld">2</span> with Preps.: [[ἀπὸ τῆς ἴσης]] = [[equally]], Th.1.15; ὁ ἀπὸ τῆς ἴσης [[ἐχθρός]] Id.3.40; ἀπ' ἴσης εἶναι D.14.6; ἀφ' ἵσου ''SIG''426.14 (Teos, iii B.C.); δι' ἴσου D.C.43.37; at [[equal]] [[distance]], Pl.''R.''617b: also in Math., [[ex aequali]], of [[proportion]]s, Euc.5 ''Def.''17, al.; [[δι' ἴσου ἐν τεταραγμένῃ ἀναλογίᾳ]] = [[ex aequali in disturbed proportion]], Archim. ''Sph.Cyl.''2.4,al., Papp.932.11; [[ἐν ἴσῳ]] = [[equally]], Th.2.53, 4.65; [[ἐν ἴσῳ ἐστί]] = [[it matters not]], E.''IA''1199; ἐν ἴσῳ [ἐστὶ] καὶ εἰ . . Th.2.60; ἐν τῷ ἴσῳ εἶναι Id.4.10; ἐξ ἴσης [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Leges|Lg.]]''861a: more freq. ἐξ ἴσου [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]7.135, [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Oedipus Tyrannus|OT]]''563, etc.; ἐξ ἴσου τινί Id.''Ant.''516, 644, Antipho 5.1, Pl.''Grg.''517a; [[evenly]], εὐθεῖα [[γραμμή]] ἐστιν ἥτις ἐξ ἴσου τοῖς ἐφ' ἑαυτῆς σημείοις κεῖται Euc. 1 ''Def.''4; ἐξ ἴσου καὶ . . S.''OC''254; ὡς . . Id.''OT''61; [[οἱ ἐξ ἴσου]] = [[persons of equal station]], [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Leges|Lg.]]''777d, cf. 919d; ὁ ἐξ ἴσου [[κίνδυνος]] Plb.9.4.4; ἐκ τοῦ ἴσου γίγνεσθαί τινι Th.2.3; τοῖς ἐκ τοῦ ἴσου ἡμῖν οὖσι X.''Hier.''8.5; ἐξ ἴσου τισὶ τῆς πολιτείας μεταδιδόναι Lys.25.3; <b class="b3">ἐκ τοῦ ἴσου μάχεσθαι</b> to [[be evenly matched]], X.''HG''2.4.16; ἐξ ἴσου [[πολεμεῖν]] D.8.47; <b class="b3">κατὰ μῆνα τὸ αἱροῦν ἐξ ἴσου</b> the [[sum]] [[due]] in [[equal]] [[monthly]] [[instalment]]s, ''PAmh.''2.92.14, etc.; [[ἐπὶ]] or ἐπ' ἴσης, ἐπὶ ἴσης διαφέρειν τὸν πόλεμον [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.74; τοῦτο ἐπ' ἴσης ἔχει Id.7.50, cf. S.''El.''1062(lyr.), etc.; ἐπ' ἴσου Plb.1.18.10; ἐπ' ἴσον Id.6.38.4, cf. Docum. ap. D.18.106, Phld.''Ir.''p.21 W.; ἐπὶ ἶσα μάχη τέτατο Il.12.436; cf. [[κατὰ]] ἶσα μάχην ἐτάνυσσε 11.336; κατ' ἴσον Dsc.1.68.6, Gal.''UP''1.19; <b class="b3">μετ' ἴσου</b> [[equally]], Demetr.Lac.''Herc.''124.12.<br><span class="bld">V</span> Comp. ἰσαίτερος E.''Supp.''441, Th.8.89, X.''HG''7.1.14: Sup. [[ἰσότατος]] Timo 68; [[ἰσαίτατος]] Ph.1.462. Adv. [[ὡς]] ἰσαίτατα [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Leges|Lg.]]''744c, but ὡς ἰσότατα ''SIG''531.30 (Dyme). [ῑ in early Ep. (exc. Hes.''Op.''752), cf. Sol.24.1: ῐ first in Thgn.678, Sapph.2.1 (but [[ἶσος]] Ead.91 s.v.l.), B. 5.46 (but ἶσον 1.62, ''Fr.''2.2), and always in Pi. (exc. in compd. ῑσοδαίμων) and Trag. (A.''Fr.''216 is dub. l.) exc. in compd. [[ἰσόθεος]] ([[quod vide|q.v.]]); dub. in [[ἰσόνειρος]]. Both quantities are found in later poetry, sometimes in same line, ἔχοισαν ἴσον κάτω, ἶσον ἄνωθεν Theoc.8.19; πρέσβυν ἴσον κούροις, ἶσον ἁδόντα κόραις ''APl.''4.309.]