αἰσχύνω: Difference between revisions

|Definition=[ῡ]: Ion. impf. [[αἰσχύνεσκε]] (κατ-) Q.S.14.531: <span class="bld">A</span> fut. αἰσχῠνῶ E. ''Hipp.''719, Ion. [[αἰσχυνέω]] [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]9.53: aor. ᾔσχῡνα Il.23.571, Lys.1.4, etc.: pf. σχυγκα D.C. 58.16:—Pass., fut. αἰσχῠνοῦμαι A.''Ag.''856, Ar.''Fr.'' 200, Pl. ''Ti.''49d, etc., rarely [[αἰσχυνθήσομαι]] (v. sub fin.): aor. ᾐσχύνθην [[Herodotus|Hdt.]] and Att., ''poet.'' inf. αἰσχυνθῆμεν Pi.''N.''9.27: pf. [[ᾔσχυμμαι]] (v. infr. B. I):—[[make ugly]], [[disfigure]], [[πρόσωπον]], [[κόμη]]ν, Il.18.24, 27, cf. S.''Ant.''529; <b class="b3">αἰ. τὸν ἵππον</b> [[give]] the [[horse]] a [[bad]] [[form]], X.''Eq.''1.12.<br><span class="bld">2</span> mostly in moral sense, [[dishonour]], [[tarnish]], μηδὲ γένος πατέρων αἰσχυνέμεν Il.6.209, cf. 23.571; τὴν Σπάρτην [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]9.53; ξενίαν τράπεζαν A.''Ag.''401; τοὺς πρὸς αἵματος [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Ajax|Aj.]]''1305; τοὺς πατέρας Pl.''Mx.'' 246d.<br><span class="bld">b</span> esp. [[dishonour]] a [[woman]], E.''El.''44, cf. Plu.''Marc.''19, etc.; εὐνήν A.''Ag.''1626; <b class="b3">εἰς τὸ σῶμα αἰ.</b> Arist.''Pol.''1311b7; abs., ''Foed. Delph.Pell.''2''A'' 12.<br><span class="bld">3</span> [[disdain]], ἐπιχώρια Pi.''P.''3.22.<br><span class="bld">B</span> Pass., to [[be dishonoured]], [[νέκυς ᾐσχυμμένος]] = [[outrageously mutilated corpse]], of [[Patroclus]], Il. 18.180.<br><span class="bld">II</span> to [[be ashamed]], [[feel shame]], abs., Od.7.305, 18.12, [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.10, E.''Hipp.''1291.<br><span class="bld">2</span> more commonly, to [[be ashamed at]] a thing, c. acc. rei, αἰσχυνόμενοι φάτιν ἀνδρῶν Od.21.323; τὴν δυσγένειαν τὴν ἐμὴν αἰ. [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Oedipus Tyrannus|OT]]''1079: c. dat. rei, Ar.''Nu.''992, Lys.3.9, D.4.42, etc.; αἰ. ἐπί τινι [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Memorabilia|Mem.]]''2.2.8; ἔν τινι Th.2.43; ὑπέρ τινος Lys.14.39; περί τινος 33.6. etc.<br><span class="bld">b</span> c. part., to [[be ashamed at]] doing a thing (which one does), [[Aeschylus|A.]]''[[Prometheus Vinctus|Pr.]]''642 ([[varia lectio|v.l.]]), S.''Ant.''540, Ar.''Fr.''200, [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Gorgias|Grg.]]'' 494e, etc.<br><span class="bld">c</span> c. inf., to [[be ashamed to]] do a thing (and therefore not to do it), [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.82, A.''Ag.''856, ''Ch.''917, [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Republic|R.]]'' 414e, ''Phdr.''257d, etc.; though this condition must not be pressed absolutely, cf. ''Ap.'' 22b.<br><span class="bld">d</span> foll. by relat. clause, <b class="b3">αἰσχύνεσθαι εἰ</b>… to [[be ashamed]] that... S.''El.''254, And.4.42; ἐάν… X.''Oec.''21.4; μὴ… [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Theaetetus|Tht.]]''183e, cf. Machoap.Ath.13.579f; ὅτι… Lys.2.23.<br><span class="bld">3</span> c. acc. pers., to [[feel shame before]] one, [[Euripides|E.]]''[[Ion]]'' 934, 1074, Pherecr.23.6, [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Symposium|Smp.]]'' 216b; <b class="b3">τοὺς γέροντας</b> (at Sparta) Aeschin.1.180; <b class="b3">ὅστις γὰρ αὐτὸς αὑτὸν οὐκ αἰσχύνεται, πῶστόν γε μηδὲν εἰδότ' αἰσχυνθήσεται</b>; Philem.229, cf. Gal. 5.26: c. acc. et inf., E.''Hel.''415; ᾑσχύνθημεν θεοὺς… προδοῦναι αὐτόν X.''An.''2.3.22; αἰσχύνομαι ὑμᾶς λέγειν D.40.48; αἰ. πρός τινα Arist.''Rh.'' 1383b12.