ὁρμάω: Difference between revisions

|Definition=<span class="bld">A</span> fut. -ήσω [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Leges|Lg.]]''875b: aor. ὥρμησα Il.6.338, Pl.''Ion''534c; Lacon. imper. ὅρμᾱον, i.e. ὅρμαὁν, = ὅρμησον, Ar.''Lys.''1247: pf. ὥρμηκα [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Politicus|Plt.]]'' 265a:—Med. and Pass., Pi.''N.''1.5, [[Aeschylus|A.]]''[[Prometheus Vinctus|Pr.]]''339, [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.17, etc.: Ep. impf. ὡρμᾶτο Il.3.142: fut. ὁρμήσομαι [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]5.34, [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Cyropaedia|Cyr.]]''7.1.9, ὁρμηθήσομαι Gal.5.85: aor. ὡρμησάμην Il.21.595, [[varia lectio|v.l.]] in Hes.''Sc.'' 127 (ἐφ-), never in Prose, exc. ἐξ- X.''HG''6.5.20 codd.: more freq. in pass. form ὡρμήθην Il.5.12, al., Th.3.98, etc.: pf. ὥρμημαι S.''El.''70, E. ''El.''340, Th.6.33, etc.: Ion. 3pl. pf. and plpf. [[ὁρμέαται]] and -έατο (with [[variae lectiones|vv.ll.]] <b class="b3">ὡρμ-</b>) [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]5.121, 8.35; in Hom. codd. usually have the augm., but Aristarch. read [[ὁρμήθησαν]] in Il.10.359: ([[ὁρμή]]):<br><span class="bld">A</span> Act.,<br><span class="bld">I</span> causal, [[set in motion]], [[urge on]], [[cheer on]], τινὰ εἰς πόλεμον Il.6.338, Th.1.127; τινὰ ποτὶ κλέος Pi.''O.''10(11).21; τὸ [[στράτευμα]] ὁ. ἐπὶ τὰς Ἀθήνας [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]8.106, cf. [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Ajax|Aj.]]''174 (lyr.), [[Euripides|E.]]''[[Orestes|Or.]]''352 (anap.); ἡ [[φύσις]] ὁρμήσει τινὰ ἐπὶ [[πλεονεξία]]ν [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Leges|Lg.]]''875b, cf. ''Ion''534c; [τὰ] ὁρμῶντα [σώματα] Hp.''Epid.''6.8.7; μέριμναν ὁρμήσασ' ἐπ' ἔργον E.''Ph.''1064 (lyr.); <b class="b3">ὁ. τινὰ ἐκ χερός</b> [[tear]] from one's [[arm]]s, Id.''Hec.''143 (anap.):—Pass., <b class="b3">ὁρμηθεὶς θεοῦ ἄρχετο</b> [[inspired]] by the [[god]] he began, Od.8.499; πρὸς θεῶν ὡρμημένος S.''El.''70; ὑπὸ ἔρωτος [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Symposium|Smp.]]'' 181d; <b class="b3">ἵπποι.. ὁρμηθέντες ὑπὸ πληγῇσιν ἱμάσθλης</b> [[urge]]d on by... Od.13.82.<br><span class="bld">2</span> with a thing as the object, [[stir up]], πόλεμον 18.376: c. acc. et inf., τὰς διόδους τῶν πτερῶν.. ὥρμησε πτεροφυεῖν [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Phaedrus|Phdr.]]''255d:—Pass., ὡρμάθη πλαγά [[was sped]], S.''El.''196 (lyr.).<br><span class="bld">II</span> more freq. intr., [[start]],<br><span class="bld">1</span> c. inf., <b class="b3">ἴρηξ ὃς ὁρμήσῃ διώκειν ὄρνεον ἄλλο</b> [[starts]] in chase of... Il.13.64; <b class="b3">ὁσσάκι δ' ὁρμήσειε πυλάων.. ἀντίον ἀΐξασθαι</b> whenever he [[started]] to rush for the gates, 22.194; ὁσσάκι δ' ὁρμήσειε.. στῆναι ἐναντίβιον 21.265; <b class="b3">ἐξελαύνειν ὁρμῆσαι τὸν στρατόν</b> [[began]] to [[lead]] out... [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.76, cf.7.150; νίκην ὁρμῶντ' ἀλαλάξαι [[eager]] to.., S.''Ant.''133 (lyr.); ὥρμα ἀντιλαμβάνεσθαι τοῦ λόγου [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Republic|R.]]'' 336b.<br><span class="bld">2</span> c. gen., [[rush headlong at]] one, Τρώων Il.4.335: more freq. with Preps., ὁ. ἐπί τινα Hes.''Sc.''403, [[Herodotus|Hdt.]] 1.1, etc.; πύργωμα Καδμείων ἔπι E.''Supp.''1220; εἴς τινας [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Cyropaedia|Cyr.]]''7.1.17; καθ' αὑτούς Id.''An.''5.7.25; also <b class="b3">ὁ. ἐς μάχην</b> [[hasten]] to [[battle]], [[Aeschylus|A.]]''[[The Persians|Pers.]]'' 394; εἰς ἀγῶνα E.''Ph.''259(lyr.); εἰς τὸ [[διώκειν]] X.''An.''1.8.25; ἐπὶ ἁρπαγάς [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Republic|R.]]'' 391d; ἐπὶ τοὺς Ἀθηναίους Th.7.34; [[ὥρμασε]] (Dor.) ἐπὶ τὰ βασίλεια τῶν Σκυθᾶν ''SIG''709.19 (Chersonesus, ii B. C.): without any sense of hostility, [[rush]], τᾶσδ' ἀπὸ πέτρας πηδήσασα πυρὸς ἔσω E.''Supp.''1015 (lyr.); ἐς πατρὸς δόμους Id.''Med.''1178; [[set out]], ἀπὸ [τῆς Οἰνόης] Th.2.19; ἐς φυγήν [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]7.179, etc.; εἰς τὸ ἐπ' ἐκεῖνα τῆς γῆς [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Phaedo|Phd.]]'' 112b; ἐπ' ἄλλον λόγον Antipho 3.4.5; ἐπὶ τὸ σκοπεῖν [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Memorabilia|Mem.]]''3.7.9; <b class="b3">ἐπὶ τραγῳδίαν ὥρμηκε</b> has [[turn]]ed to [[tragedy]], Alex.135.14; <b class="b3">δηλώσεις.. τὴν φύσιν ἐπὶ τί μάλισθ' ὥρμηκε</b>, i.e. what your natural [[bent]] is, ib.8; [[φυσικῶς]] ἐπὶ τὴν ὀργὴν ὁρμᾶν Phld.''Ir.''93 W.; πρὸς τὰς πράξεις Id.''Mus.''p.71 K.; ἐπὶ φιλοσοφίαν Id.''Acad.Ind.''p.64 M.; πρὸς τὰς ὀχείας [[Aristotle|Arist.]]''[[Historia Animalium|HA]]'' 546a15: c. acc. cogn., ὁδόν X.''An.''3.1.8; στρατείαν Id.''Cyr.''8.6.20.<br><span class="bld">3</span> abs., [[start]], [[begin]], ὥσπερ ὡρμήσαμεν, ἴωμεν [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Protagoras|Prt.]]'' 314b, cf. ''R.''425c; <b class="b3">αἱ μάλιστα ὁρμήσασαι [νῆες]</b> the [[ship]]s [[that]] [[were]] [[hot]]test in [[pursuit]], Th.8.34.<br><span class="bld">B</span> Med. and Pass., like the intr. Act., A. II:<br><span class="bld">1</span> c. inf., <b class="b3">μὴ φεύγειν ὁρμήσωνται</b> that they [[put]] not themselves in [[motion]], [[set]] not [[themselves]] to [[flee]], Il.8.511; so διώκειν ὁρμήθησαν 10.359, cf. Od.4.282; <b class="b3">ὡρμήθη κόρυθα κρατὸς ἀφαρπάξαι</b> he [[rush]]ed to [[snatch]]... Il.13.188, cf. 182; <b class="b3">ἦτορ ὡρμᾶτο πτολεμίζειν ἠδὲ μάχεσθαι</b> [[was eager]] to... 21.572; <b class="b3">μᾶλλον ὅρμητο στρατεύεσθαι</b> was [[eager]] to [[march]], [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]7.1, cf. 19, al., Th.3.45; <b class="b3">ὅδε ὁ λόγος ὅρμηται λέγεσθαι</b> this [[account]] has begun to be given, [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]4.16, cf. 6.86.<b class="b3">δ'</b> ([[λέγεσθαι]] is [[restore]]d for [[λέγεται]] in 3.56); but <b class="b3">λόγον, τὸν ὅρμητο λέγειν</b> which he [[purpose]]d to [[make]], Id.5.50.<br><span class="bld">2</span> the object [[for]] or [[after]] which one goes is sometimes in gen., Il.14.488, 21.595: a case with a Prep., ὡρμήθησαν ἐπ' ἀνδράσιν Od.10.214; ἐπί τινα [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Ajax|Aj.]]''47, etc.; εἴς τινα [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Cyropaedia|Cyr.]]''7.1.9; <b class="b3">μετά τινα</b> [[after]] one, Il.17.605; so ὁ. ἐπὶ τὸ ἱρόν [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]8.35; ἐς πύλας A.''Th.''31; πρὸς δόμους E.''Hipp.'' 1152; ἐπ' ἀλήθειαν Pl.''Sph.''228c; ἐς φυγήν Th.4.14; πρὸς τίσιν S.''OC''1328; πρὸς τὸ κρατεῖν [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Republic|R.]]'' 581a; [ἡ ποίησις] πρὸς ἡδονὴν ὥρμηται Id.''Grg.''502c; <b class="b3">οἱ περὶ λόγον ἢ παιδείαν ὁρμώμενοι</b> persons [[keen]] about... Vett.Val.199.5: rarely c. acc. loci, νερτέρας πλάκας S.''OC''1576 (lyr.).<br><span class="bld">b</span> the starting-point is expressed by ἐκ, ὡρμᾶτ' ἐκ θαλάμοιο Il.3.142, cf. 9.178, etc.; or [[ἀπό]], S.''Tr.''156, Pl. ''Phd.''101d, etc.; ἀπὸ φιλοσοφίας Phld.''Rh.''1.357 S.; or by a form in -θεν, σέθεν.. ὕμνος ὁρμᾶται θέμεν αἶνον Pi.''N.''1.5: in historical Prose, <b class="b3">ὁρμᾶσθαι ἐκ..</b> [[start from]], [[begin from]], especially of the place where one carries on any regular operations, <b class="b3">ἐνθεῦτεν ὁρμώμενοι</b> [[living]] [[there]] and [[go]]ing out from [[thence]] to do their [[daily]] [[work]], [[Herodotus|Hdt.]]1.17; of fishers, ἐκ πλοίων ὁρμώμενοι Id.3.98; of a [[general]], making that [[place]] his [[headquarters]] or [[base]] of [[operation]]s, Id.8.133, cf. 5.125, al., Th.1.64, 2.69, al.; <b class="b3">ἀπ' ἐλασσόνων ὁρμώμενος</b> [[setting out]], [[beginning]] with smaller means, ib.65, cf. 1.144; of rivers, ἐκ τῆς Ἴδης ὁ. [[rising]].., [[Plato|Pl.]]''[[Leges|Lg.]]''682b.<br><span class="bld">3</span> abs., [[rush]], [[dart]], [[attack]], Il.5.12, Od.12.126, al., S.''OC''1068 (lyr.); also with [[ἔγχεϊ]], [[ξιφέεσσι]], etc., added, Il. 5.855, 17.530, 13.496, al.<br><span class="bld">b</span> generally, [[hasten]], [[be eager]], ὁρμώμενον δὲ μηδαμῶς μ' ἀντισπάσῃς [[Aeschylus|A.]]''[[Prometheus Vinctus|Pr.]]''339, cf. 395; ἀλλ' ἥδε.. ὁρμᾶται [[comes forth]], Id.''Pers.''151 (anap.); τὸ [[φέγγος]] ὁρμάσθω πυρός Id.''Eu.''1029; <b class="b3">ὕβρις ἀτάρβητα ὁρμᾶται</b> [[insolence]] [[go]]es [[fearless]] [[forth]], [[Sophocles|S.]]''[[Ajax|Aj.]]''197 (lyr.).