ἀφορμή: Difference between revisions

|Definition=ἡ,<br><span class="bld">A</span> [[starting point]], especially in [[war]], [[base of operations]], [[ἀναχώρησις|ἀναχώρησίς]] τε καὶ ἀφορμή Th.1.90, cf. Plb.1.41.6, etc.; [[place of safety]], E.''Med.''342.<br><span class="bld">2</span> generally, [[starting-point]], [[origin]], [[occasion]] or [[pretext]], ἀφορμαὶ λόγων Id.''Hec.''1239, ''Ph.''199; ἀφορμὴν παρέχειν D.18.156; δεδωκέναι Id.21.98, cf. ''2 Ep.Cor.''5.12; [[λαβεῖν]] ἀφορμήν Isoc.4.61, ''Ep.Rom.''7.8; εὑρεῖν ''BGU''615.6(ii A. D.), 923.22 (i/ii A. D.); ἵνα ἀφορμὴ γένοιτο τιμῆς ''Inscr.Prien.''105.16 (i B. C.); ἀφορμὴ καὶ [[πρόφασις]] Plb. 2.52.3; [[occasion]], [[origin]] of an [[illness]], Hp.''Epid.''2.1.11, Sor.1.29; <b class="b3">εἰδέ τις οἴεται μικρὰν ἀφορμὴν εἶναι σιτηρέσιον τοῖς στρατευομένοις ὑπάρχειν</b> a [[small]] [[inducement]], D.4.29; τὸ γὰρ [[εὖ πράττειν]] παρὰ τὴν ἀξίαν ἀφορμὴ τοῦ [[κακὼς]] [[φρονεῖν]] Id.1.23; [[instigation]], [[incitement]], POxy.237 vii 21 (ii A. D.).<br><span class="bld">3</span> [[means with which one begins]] a thing, [[resources]], ἀφορμὴ τοῦ βίου Lys.24.24; εἰς τὸν βίον [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Memorabilia|Mem.]]''3.12.4; τίνας εἶχεν ἀφορμὰς ἡ πόλις; D.18.233; ἀφελεῖν τὴν ἀφορμὴν δι' ἣν ὑβρίζει Id.21.98; <b class="b3">πίστις ἀφορμὴ μεγίστη πρὸς χρηματισμόν</b> = [[good]] [[faith]] is the [[best]] [[asset]] for [[business]], Id.36.44, cf. 11.16; <b class="b3">ἀφορμὴ ἐπί</b>.. Id.3.33; esp. [[means of war]], And.1.109; ἀφορμὴ εἰς ξένους χιλίους [[means for levying]] 1000 [[mercenary|mercenaries]], X.''HG''4.8.33; <b class="b3">ἀφορμὴ ἔργων</b> [[means for undertaking]]... Id.''Mem.''2.7.11, cf.3.5.11; πρὸς ἀφορμὴν ἐμπορίας ἢ γεωργίας Arist.''Pol.''1320a39; πάντων ἀφορμὴ τῶν καλῶν Philem.110.<br><span class="bld">4</span> [[capital]] of a [[banker]], etc., Lys.''Fr.''1.2, [[Xenophon|X.]]''[[Memorabilia|Mem.]]''2.7.12, Lycurg.26,D.14.30,36.11; <b class="b3">ἀφορμῆς δίκη</b> [[suit]] for [[restitution of capital]], Arg.D.36.<br><span class="bld">5</span> Rhet., [[food for argument]], [[material]], [[subject]], ὑποθέσεις καὶ ἀφορμαὶ λόγων Luc.''Rh.Pr.''18, cf. Men.Rh.p.334S., Aps.p.264H.<br><span class="bld">6</span> [[aptitude]], [[inclination]], εἰς [[φιλανθρωπία]]ν Phld.''Ir.''p.53 W. (pl.).<br><span class="bld">II</span> Stoic term for [[repulsion]] (opp. [[ὁρμή]]), Chrysipp.Stoic.3.42, cf. 40, Simp. ''in Epict.''p.22D.<br><span class="bld">III</span> [[release]] of [[water]] from [[sluice]], ''PAmh.''2.143.17 (iv A. D.).