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ἄριστος: Difference between revisions

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|Beta Code=a)/ristos
|Beta Code=a)/ristos
|Definition=[<b class="b3">ᾰ], η, ον,</b> (with Art. Ep. <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> ὤριστος <span class="bibl">Il.11.288</span>, Att. <b class="b3">ἅριστος</b>) <b class="b2">best</b> in its kind, and so in all sorts of relations, serving as Sup. of <b class="b3">ἀγαθός</b>: </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">I</span> of persons, </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">1</span> <b class="b2">best</b> in birth and rank, <b class="b2">noblest</b>: hence, like [[ἀριστεύς]], <b class="b2">a chief</b>, Ἀργείων οἱ ἄριστοι <span class="bibl">Il.4.260</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">6.209</span>; ἄ. ἔην πολὺ δὲ πλείστους ἄγε λαούς <span class="bibl">2.580</span>; θεῶν ὕπατος καὶ ἄ. <span class="bibl">19.258</span>; πατρὸς πάντων ἀ. παῖδα <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>366</span>; <b class="b3">ἀνδρῶν τῶν ἀ. ὁμιλίη</b>, opp. <b class="b3">δῆμος</b>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.81</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Cic.<span class="title">Att.</span>9.4.2</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b2">best</b> in any way, <b class="b2">bravest</b>, ἀνδρῶν αὖ μέγ' ἄ. ἔην Τελαμώνιος Αἴας <span class="bibl">Il.2.768</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">7.50</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">οἰωνοπόλων, σκυτοτόμων ὄχ' ἄ</b>., <span class="bibl">6.76</span>, <span class="bibl">7.221</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">b</span> c. dat. modi, βουλῇ μετὰ πάντας . . ἔπλευ ἄ. <span class="bibl">9.54</span>, al.; ἔγχεσιν εἶναι ἀρίστους <span class="bibl">Od.4.211</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">c</span> c. acc. rei, εἶδος ἄριστε <span class="bibl">Il.3.39</span>; ψυχὴν ἄ. <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span>1048</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">d</span> c. inf., ἄριστοι μάχεσθαι <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>5.4.44</span>; <b class="b3">ἄ. διαβολὰς ἐνδέκεσθαι</b> <b class="b2">readiest</b> to give ear to calumnies, <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.80</span>; <b class="b3">ἄ. ἀπατᾶσθαι</b> <b class="b2">best</b>, i.e. <b class="b2">easiest</b>, to cheat, <span class="bibl">Th.3.38</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> <b class="b2">morally best</b>, εἴς τινα <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Alc.</span>83</span>(lyr.); οἱ ἄ. ἁπλῶς κατ' ἀρετήν <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1293b3</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> <b class="b2">best, most useful</b>, πόλει <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Fr.</span>194</span> codd. (leg. <b class="b3">ἀρεστός</b>) αὑτῷ <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Heracl.</span>5</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> of animals, things, etc., <b class="b2">best, finest</b>, ἵπποι <span class="bibl">Il.2.763</span>; <b class="b3">μήλων, ὑῶν</b>, <span class="bibl">Od.9.432</span>, <span class="bibl">14.414</span>; τεύχε' ἄριστα <span class="bibl">Il.15.616</span>; χῶρος <span class="bibl">Od.5.442</span>; ποταμῶν ἄ. τά τε ἄλλα καὶ ἀκέσασθαι <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.90</span>; <b class="b3">ἄριστα φέρεσθαι</b> win an <b class="b2">excellent</b> reward, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>1097</span> (lyr.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> neut. pl. as Adv., <b class="b3">ἄριστα</b> <b class="b2">best, most excellently</b>, ὄχ' ἄ. <span class="bibl">Il.3.110</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.13.365</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.193</span>, al., etc.; <b class="b3">ἄριστά γε</b>, in answers, <b class="b2">well said!</b> <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Tht.</span>163c</span>: later also ἀρίστως <span class="bibl">Iamb.<span class="title">Myst.</span>3.14</span>.</span>
|Definition=[<b class="b3">ᾰ], η, ον,</b> (with Art. Ep. <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> ὤριστος <span class="bibl">Il.11.288</span>, Att. <b class="b3">ἅριστος</b>) <b class="b2">best</b> in its kind, and so in all sorts of relations, serving as Sup. of <b class="b3">ἀγαθός</b>: </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">I</span> of persons, </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">1</span> <b class="b2">best</b> in birth and rank, <b class="b2">noblest</b>: hence, like [[ἀριστεύς]], <b class="b2">a chief</b>, Ἀργείων οἱ ἄριστοι <span class="bibl">Il.4.260</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">6.209</span>; ἄ. ἔην πολὺ δὲ πλείστους ἄγε λαούς <span class="bibl">2.580</span>; θεῶν ὕπατος καὶ ἄ. <span class="bibl">19.258</span>; πατρὸς πάντων ἀ. παῖδα <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>366</span>; <b class="b3">ἀνδρῶν τῶν ἀ. ὁμιλίη</b>, opp. <b class="b3">δῆμος</b>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.81</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Cic.<span class="title">Att.</span>9.4.2</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b2">best</b> in any way, <b class="b2">bravest</b>, ἀνδρῶν αὖ μέγ' ἄ. ἔην Τελαμώνιος Αἴας <span class="bibl">Il.2.768</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">7.50</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">οἰωνοπόλων, σκυτοτόμων ὄχ' ἄ</b>., <span class="bibl">6.76</span>, <span class="bibl">7.221</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">b</span> c. dat. modi, βουλῇ μετὰ πάντας . . ἔπλευ ἄ. <span class="bibl">9.54</span>, al.; ἔγχεσιν εἶναι ἀρίστους <span class="bibl">Od.4.211</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">c</span> c. acc. rei, εἶδος ἄριστε <span class="bibl">Il.3.39</span>; ψυχὴν ἄ. <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span>1048</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">d</span> c. inf., ἄριστοι μάχεσθαι <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>5.4.44</span>; <b class="b3">ἄ. διαβολὰς ἐνδέκεσθαι</b> <b class="b2">readiest</b> to give ear to calumnies, <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.80</span>; <b class="b3">ἄ. ἀπατᾶσθαι</b> <b class="b2">best</b>, i.e. <b class="b2">easiest</b>, to cheat, <span class="bibl">Th.3.38</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> <b class="b2">morally best</b>, εἴς τινα <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Alc.</span>83</span>(lyr.); οἱ ἄ. ἁπλῶς κατ' ἀρετήν <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pol.</span>1293b3</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> <b class="b2">best, most useful</b>, πόλει <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Fr.</span>194</span> codd. (leg. <b class="b3">ἀρεστός</b>) αὑτῷ <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Heracl.</span>5</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> of animals, things, etc., <b class="b2">best, finest</b>, ἵπποι <span class="bibl">Il.2.763</span>; <b class="b3">μήλων, ὑῶν</b>, <span class="bibl">Od.9.432</span>, <span class="bibl">14.414</span>; τεύχε' ἄριστα <span class="bibl">Il.15.616</span>; χῶρος <span class="bibl">Od.5.442</span>; ποταμῶν ἄ. τά τε ἄλλα καὶ ἀκέσασθαι <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.90</span>; <b class="b3">ἄριστα φέρεσθαι</b> win an <b class="b2">excellent</b> reward, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>1097</span> (lyr.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> neut. pl. as Adv., <b class="b3">ἄριστα</b> <b class="b2">best, most excellently</b>, ὄχ' ἄ. <span class="bibl">Il.3.110</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.13.365</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.193</span>, al., etc.; <b class="b3">ἄριστά γε</b>, in answers, <b class="b2">well said!</b> <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Tht.</span>163c</span>: later also ἀρίστως <span class="bibl">Iamb.<span class="title">Myst.</span>3.14</span>.</span>
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|ptext=[[https://www.translatum.gr/images/pape/pape-01-0353.png Seite 353]] (vgl. άρείων), superlat. zu [[ἀγαθός]], der Beste; bei Hom. bes. Bezeichnung der tapfersten Helden, der Vornehmen, Fürsten; οὕνεκ' [[ἄριστος]] ἔην Iliad. 2, 580; ἄνδρα [[ἄριστον]] 5, 839; φῶτες ἄριστοι 18, 230; λαὸν [[ἄριστον]] Od. 11, 500; πολὺ πλεῖστοι καὶ ἄριστοι λαοί Iliad. 2, 577; [[ἄριστον]] Ἀχαιῶν 1, 244; Ἀργείων πάντας ἀρίστους 3, 19; δύ' ἀνέρε δήμου ἀρίστω 12, 447; ἕταρον, φαινομένων τὸν [[ἄριστον]] 10, 236; [[ἄριστος]] ἐνὶ Θρῄκεσσι τέτυκτο 6, 7; ὅσσοι ἄριστοι ἐνὶ στρατῷ εὐχόμεθ' εἶναι 15, 296; verstärkt durch μέγα, πολλόν, ὄχα, [[ἔξοχα]]: ὃς μέγ' [[ἄριστος]] Ἀχαιῶν εὔχεται εἶναι 2, 82; πολλὸν [[ἄριστος]] [[ἀνήρ]] Od. 15, 521; [[τίς]] τ' ἂρ τῶν ὄχ' [[ἄριστος]] ἔην Iliad. 2, 761; δύο δ' ἀνέρες ἔξοχ' ἄριστοι 20, 158; mit dat.: ἀρετῇ δ' ἔσαν ἔξοχ' ἄριστοι Od. 4, 629; οἱ γὰρ μνηστήρων ἀρετῇ ἔσαν ἔξοχ' ἄριστοι 22, 244; [[ἄριστος]] Ἀχαιῶν τοξοσύνῃ, ἀγαθὸς δὲ καὶ ἐν σταδίῃ ὑσμίνῃ Iliad. 13, 313; ὅσσον δυνάμει τε καὶ ἥμασιν ἔπλευ [[ἄριστος]] 23, 891; υἱέας αὖ πινυτούς τε καὶ ἔγχεσιν εἶναι ἀρίστους Od. 4, 211 ποσὶ κραιπνῶς θέομεν καὶ νηυσὶν ἄριστοι 8, 247; βουλῇ μετὰ πάντας ὁμήλικας ἔπλευ [[ἄριστος]] Iliad. 9, 54; βροτῶν ὄχ' [[ἄριστος]] ἁπάντων βουλῇ καὶ μύθοισιν Od. 13, 297; mit acc.: [[νεῖκος]] ἄριστε, v. l. νείκει, Iliad. 23, 483; [[εἶδος]] ἄριστε 3, 39; [[ἄριστος]] ἔην εἶδός τε [[δέμας]] τε τῶν ἄλλων Δαναῶν μετ' ἀμύμονα Πηλείωνα Od. 11, 469; mit inf.: τῶν δὲ θέειν ὄχ' [[ἄριστος]] ἔην Κλυτόνηος Od. 8, 123; οὕνεκ' ἄριστοι πᾶσαν ἐπ' ἰθύν ἐστε μάχεσθαί τε φρονέειν τε Iliad. 6, 78; von den Göttern : Ζηνὸς τοῦ ἀρίστου Iliad. 14, 213; [[Ζεύς]], θεῶν [[ὕπατος]] καὶ [[ἄριστος]] 19, 258; φησὶν γὰρ ἐν ἀθανάτοισι θεοῖσιν κάρτεΐ τε σθένεΐτε διακριδὸν εἶναι [[ἄριστος]] 15, 108; [[Ζεύς]], τόν περ [[ἄριστον]] ἀνδρῶν ἠδὲ θεῶν φασ' ἔμμεναι 19, 95; den Poseidon nennt Zeus πρεσβύτατον καὶ [[ἄριστον]] Od. 13, 142; ἄριστοι ἀθανάτων Iliad. 20, 122; θεάων ἀρίστη, Hera, 18, 364; ἄριστοι μάρτυροι, die Götter, 22, 254; ἱερῆας ἀρίστους 9, 575; Πολυφείδεα μάντιν [[Ἀπόλλων]] θῆκε βροτῶν ὄχ' [[ἄριστον]] Od. 15, 253; οἰωνοπόλων ὄχ' [[ἄριστος]] Iliad. 1, 69; σὺν ἀνδράσιν οἳ τότ' ἄριστοι [[ἦσαν]] ἐνὶ Τροίῃ τέκτονες ἄνδρες 6, 314; σκυτοτόμων ὄχ' [[ἄριστος]] Iliad. 7, 221; Φαιήκων βητάρμονες ὅσσοι ἄριστοι Od. 8, 250; χοροιτυπίῃσιν ἄριστοι Iliad. 24, 261; von Weibern: γυναικῶν [[εἶδος]] ἀρίστη Od. 7, 57; θυγατρῶν [[εἶδος]] ἀρίστην Iliad. 6, 252; ἑπτὰ ἔξοχ' ἀρίστας, κούρας, 9, 638; δμωάων ἥ [[τίς]] τοι ἀρίστη φαίνεται εἶναι Od. 15, 25; von Thieren: ἵπποι μέγ' ἄρισται ἔσαν Φηρητιάδαο Iliad. 2, 763; ἄριστοι ἴππων 5, 266; συῶν τὸν [[ἄριστον]] Od. 14, 108; σιάλων τὸν [[ἄριστον]] ἁπάντων 14, 19; [[τρεῖς]] σιάλους, οἳ ἔσαν μετὰ πᾶσιν ἄριστοι 20, 163; [[ἀρνειός]], μήλων ὄχ' [[ἄριστος]] ἁπάντων 9, 432; αἰγῶν ὅς τις φαίνηται [[ἄριστος]] 14, 106; βοῦν, ἥ τις ἀρίστη Iliad. 17, 62; von andern Sachen: τῇ δή οἱ ἐείσατο [[χῶρος]] [[ἄριστος]] Od. 5, 442; τεύχε' ἄριστα Iliad. 15, 616; ἀ σπίδες ὅσσαι ἄρισται ἐνὶ στρατῷ ἠδὲ μέγισται 14, 371; νῆα, ἥ τις ἀρίστη Od. 1, 280; εἰδήσεις ὅσσον ἄρισται [[νῆες]] ἐμαί 7, 327; χηλόν, ἥ τις ἀρίστη 8, 424; ἀρίστην βουλήν Iliad. 9, 74; μῆτιν ἀρίστην 17, 634; εἷς οἰωνὸς [[ἄριστος]], ἀμύνεσθαι περὶ πάτρης 12, 243; [[τόδε]] μέγ' [[ἄριστον]]' ἔρεξεν 2, 274; ὃ γάρ κ' ὄχ' [[ἄριστον]] ἁπάντων εἴη 12, 344; δοκέει δέ μοι εἶναι [[ἄριστον]] Od. 5, 360; ὥς μοι δοκεῖ εἶναι ἄριστα Iliad. 9, 103; [[ὅπως]] ὄχ' ἄριστα μετ' ἀμφοτέροισι γένηται 3, 110; ἦ σοῐ ἄριστα πεποίηται κατὰ οἶκον πρὸς Τρώων 6, 56. Statt ὁ [[ἄριστος]] öfters [[ὤριστος]], z. B. ἀνὴρ [[ὤριστος]] Iliad. 11, 288; θεῶν [[ὤριστος]] 13, 154; [[λοῖσθος]] ἀνὴρ [[ὤριστος]] ἐλαύνει ἴππους 23, 536; οὐ μέν μοι δοκέεις ὁ [[κάκιστος]] Ἀχαιῶν ἔμμεναι, ἀλλ' [[ὤριστος]]: Od. 17, 416. Bei Art. oft sittliche Vorzüge; doch nicht sel-ten tapfer, Plat.; Xen.; ὦ ἄριστε, eine häufige Anrede bei Plat.
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