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κράς: Difference between revisions
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|Definition=poet. form of <b class="b3">κάρα</b>, nom. only Simm.4; gen. <span class="sense"><p> <span class="bld">A</span> κρᾱτός <span class="bibl">Il.5.7</span>, al., Trag. (v. infr.); dat. κρᾱτί <span class="bibl">Od.9.490</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>313</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ra.</span>329</span>, κράτεσφι <span class="bibl">Il.10.156</span>; acc. κρᾶτα <span class="bibl">Od.8.92</span>, Trag. (v. infr.): pl., gen. κράτων <span class="bibl">Od. 22.309</span>; dat. κρᾱσίν <span class="bibl">Il.10.152</span>; acc. κρᾶτας <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ph.</span>1149</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">HF</span>526</span>: gender rarely determinate, <b class="b3">κρατός</b> fem. <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">El.</span>140</span> (lyr.), cf. Sch.<span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hec.</span> 432</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ph.</span>1159</span>; <b class="b3">κρᾶτα, τό</b>, is nom. in <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>1457</span> (anap.), acc. ib.<span class="bibl">1001</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">OT</span>263</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Tr.</span>1016</span> (lyr.); but acc. <b class="b3">κρᾶτα, τόν</b>, Ion Trag.<span class="bibl">61</span>: pl. <b class="b3">κρᾶτα, τά</b>, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">Fr.</span>8</span>, perh. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>473</span>:—Hom. also has gen. and dat. <b class="b3">κράατος, κράατι</b>, pl. nom. <b class="b3">κράατα</b> [all -uu], but no nom. <b class="b3">κρᾶας</b> is found:— <b class="b2">head</b>, ἐκ κράατος ἀθανάτοιο <span class="bibl">Il.14.177</span>; σῷ δ' αὐτοῦ κράατι τείσεις <span class="bibl">Od. 22.218</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">ὑπὸ κράτεσφι</b> under his <b class="b2">head</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.10.156</span>: metaph., <b class="b2">top, peak</b>, κρατὸς ἀπ' Οὐλύμποιο <span class="bibl">Il.20.5</span>; <b class="b3">ἐπὶ κρατὸς λιμένος</b> at <b class="b2">the head</b> or <b class="b2">far end</b> of the bay, <span class="bibl">Od.9.140</span>, <span class="bibl">13.102</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">II</span> Adv. <b class="b3">κρῆθεν</b>, used by Hom. in the phrase <b class="b3">κατὰ κρῆθεν</b> <b class="b2">down from the head, from the top</b>, <b class="b3">δένδρεα . . κατὰ κρῆθεν χέε καρπόν</b> <b class="b2">from their tops</b>, <span class="bibl">Od.11.588</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">h.Cer.</span> 182</span>, <span class="bibl">Hes. <span class="title">Th.</span>574</span>: hence, <b class="b2">from head to foot, entirely</b>, Τρῶας δὲ κατὰ κρῆθεν λάβε πένθος <span class="bibl">Il.16.548</span> (perh. for <b class="b3">κατ' ἄκρηθεν</b> = [[κατ' ἄκρης]], v. [[ἄκρα]]); also ἀπὸ κρῆθεν <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Sc.</span>7</span>.</span> | |Definition=poet. form of <b class="b3">κάρα</b>, nom. only Simm.4; gen. <span class="sense"><p> <span class="bld">A</span> κρᾱτός <span class="bibl">Il.5.7</span>, al., Trag. (v. infr.); dat. κρᾱτί <span class="bibl">Od.9.490</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>313</span>, <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ra.</span>329</span>, κράτεσφι <span class="bibl">Il.10.156</span>; acc. κρᾶτα <span class="bibl">Od.8.92</span>, Trag. (v. infr.): pl., gen. κράτων <span class="bibl">Od. 22.309</span>; dat. κρᾱσίν <span class="bibl">Il.10.152</span>; acc. κρᾶτας <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Ph.</span>1149</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">HF</span>526</span>: gender rarely determinate, <b class="b3">κρατός</b> fem. <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">El.</span>140</span> (lyr.), cf. Sch.<span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hec.</span> 432</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ph.</span>1159</span>; <b class="b3">κρᾶτα, τό</b>, is nom. in <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>1457</span> (anap.), acc. ib.<span class="bibl">1001</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">OT</span>263</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Tr.</span>1016</span> (lyr.); but acc. <b class="b3">κρᾶτα, τόν</b>, Ion Trag.<span class="bibl">61</span>: pl. <b class="b3">κρᾶτα, τά</b>, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">Fr.</span>8</span>, perh. <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>473</span>:—Hom. also has gen. and dat. <b class="b3">κράατος, κράατι</b>, pl. nom. <b class="b3">κράατα</b> [all -uu], but no nom. <b class="b3">κρᾶας</b> is found:— <b class="b2">head</b>, ἐκ κράατος ἀθανάτοιο <span class="bibl">Il.14.177</span>; σῷ δ' αὐτοῦ κράατι τείσεις <span class="bibl">Od. 22.218</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">ὑπὸ κράτεσφι</b> under his <b class="b2">head</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.10.156</span>: metaph., <b class="b2">top, peak</b>, κρατὸς ἀπ' Οὐλύμποιο <span class="bibl">Il.20.5</span>; <b class="b3">ἐπὶ κρατὸς λιμένος</b> at <b class="b2">the head</b> or <b class="b2">far end</b> of the bay, <span class="bibl">Od.9.140</span>, <span class="bibl">13.102</span>. </span><span class="sense"> <span class="bld">II</span> Adv. <b class="b3">κρῆθεν</b>, used by Hom. in the phrase <b class="b3">κατὰ κρῆθεν</b> <b class="b2">down from the head, from the top</b>, <b class="b3">δένδρεα . . κατὰ κρῆθεν χέε καρπόν</b> <b class="b2">from their tops</b>, <span class="bibl">Od.11.588</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">h.Cer.</span> 182</span>, <span class="bibl">Hes. <span class="title">Th.</span>574</span>: hence, <b class="b2">from head to foot, entirely</b>, Τρῶας δὲ κατὰ κρῆθεν λάβε πένθος <span class="bibl">Il.16.548</span> (perh. for <b class="b3">κατ' ἄκρηθεν</b> = [[κατ' ἄκρης]], v. [[ἄκρα]]); also ἀπὸ κρῆθεν <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Sc.</span>7</span>.</span> | ||
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|lstext='''κράς''': τοῦ ποιητ. τούτου τύπου τοῦ [[κάρα]] ἡ ὀνομαστικὴ ἀπαντᾷ μόνον παρὰ τοῖς Γραμμ., Α. Β. 1182, Ἀνέκδ. Ὀξ. 3. 385· ― γεν. κρᾱτὸς Ὅμηρ., Τραγ., δοτ. κρᾱτὶ Ὀδ. Ι. 490, Τραγ., Ἀριστοφ. Βάτρ. 329· αἰτιατ. [[κρᾶτα]] Ὀδ. Θ. 92, Τραγ.· πληθ., γεν. κράτων Ὀδ. Χ. 309· δοτ. κρᾱσίν, [[κράτεσφι]] Ἰλ. Κ, 152, 156· αἰτιατ. κρᾶτας Εὐρ. Φοίν. 1149, Ἡρ. Μαιν. 526· ― ἐν τοῖς πλείστοις χωρίοις τὸ γένος μένει ἀόριστον, ἀλλ’ ἐν τῇ γεν. κρατὸς [[εἶναι]] θηλ. ἐν Εὐρ. Ἠλ. 140, ὡς ὁρίζεται ὑπὸ τοῦ Σχολ. ἐν Ἑκ. 432, Φοιν. 1159· ὁ Σοφ. ἔχει [[κρᾶτα]], τό, ὡς ὀνομ. (Φιλ. 1457) καὶ αἰτιατ. ([[αὐτόθι]] 1001, Ο. Τ. 263, πρβλ. Τρ. 1015), καὶ Ἴων παρὰ τῷ Σχολ. ἐν Φοιν. ἔνθ’ ἀνωτ. τὸν [[κρᾶτα]]· [[ὡσαύτως]] πληθ. [[κρᾶτα]], τά, Πινδ. Ἀποσπ. 3, καὶ [[ἴσως]] Σοφ. Ο. Κ. 473. Παρ’ Ὁμήρῳ [[ὡσαύτως]] ἔχομεν ἐκτεταμένην γεν. καὶ δοτ. [[κράατος]], κράατι, πληθ. ὀνομ. κράατα ἅπαντα, -υυ, ἀλλ’ [[οὐδαμοῦ]] εὕρηται ὀνομαστικὴ κρᾶας. Ἡ [[κεφαλή]], ἐκ [[κράατος]] ἀθανάτοιο Ἰλ. Ξ. 177· σῷ δ’ [[αὐτοῦ]] κράατι τίσεις Ὀδ. Χ. 218, κτλ.· ― μεταφορ., [[κορυφή]], κρατὸς ἀπ’ Οὐλύμποιο Ἰλ. Υ 5· ἐπὶ κρατὸς λιμένος, κατὰ τὴν κορυφὴν ἢ τὸ ἔσχατον [[ἄκρον]] τοῦ λιμένος, Ὀδ. Ι. 140, Ν. 102· πληθ. ἀντὶ ἑνικ., ὑπὸ [[κράτεσφι]], ὑπὸ τὴν κεφαλήν του, Ἰλ. Κ. 156. ΙΙ. [[ὡσαύτως]] ἀρχαία τις γενικ. [[κρῆθεν]] [[εἶναι]] ἐν χρήσει παρ’ Ὁμ. ἐν τῇ φράσει κατὰ [[κρῆθεν]] ([[ὅπερ]] ἐν ἀρχαίαις ἐκδόσεσι φέρεται [[κατακρῆθεν]]), ἐκ τῆς κεφαλῆς, ἐκ τῆς κορυφῆς [[κάτω]], δένδρεα. κατὰ [[κρῆθεν]] χέε καρπόν, ἐκ τῶν κορυφῶν αὐτῶν, Ὀδ. Λ. 588, πρβλ. Ὁμ. Ὕμν. εἰς Δήμ. 182, Ἡσ. Θ. 574· [[ἐντεῦθεν]] ὡς τὸ penitus, ἀπὸ κορυφῆς [[μέχρι]] ποδῶν, ἐντελῶς, Τρῶας δὲ κατὰ [[κρῆθεν]] λάβε [[πένθος]] Ἰλ. Π. 548 ([[ὅπερ]] [[χωρίον]] ἐκίνησε πολλοὺς νὰ πιστεύσωσιν ὅτι τὸ [[κατακρῆθεν]] ἦτο [[κυρίως]] κατ’ ἄκρηθεν = κατ’ [[ἄκρης]], ἴδε ἐν λέξ. [[ἄκρα]])· πλὴν τούτου ὑπάρχει παρ’ Ἡσ. ἐν Ἀσπ. Ἡρ. 7, ἀπὸ [[κρῆθεν]]. | |||
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