corpus: Difference between revisions

|lshtext=<b>corpus</b>: ŏris, n. cf. Sanscr. kar-, to [[make]]; Lat. [[creo]],<br /><b>I</b> [[any]] [[object]] [[composed]] of materials [[perceptible]] by the senses, [[body]], [[substance]] (opp. [[anima]] and [[animus]]; cf. the [[definition]] in Dig. 41, 3, 30 pr.).<br /><b>I</b> Lit. ([[very]] [[frequent]] in [[every]] [[period]] and [[species]] of [[composition]]).<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>A</b> In gen., a [[body]], [[whether]] [[living]] or [[lifeless]]: tangere aut tangi [[nisi]] [[corpus]] nulla potest res, Lucr. 1, 305: animi voluptates et dolores nasci fatemur e corporis voluptatibus et doloribus, etc., Cic. Fin. 1, 17, 55; cf. id. Tusc. 4, 10, 23: [[vita]], quae corpore et spiritu continetur, id. Marcell. 9, 28: parvissima quaeque Corpora constabunt ex partibus infinitis, Lucr. 1, 617: ignea rerum, id. 1, 680: terraï, id. 5, 236: acerbum Neptuni, id. 2, 472: aquae, id. 2, 232 et saep.—Poet., plur. for <[[number]] opt="n">[[sing]].</[[number]]>: nudabant corpora (nymphae) venti, Ov. M. 1, 527; Tib. 1, 8, 52 (cf. σώματα, Soph. Elec. 1232).—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> In partic.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>1</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; The [[flesh]] of [[animal]] bodies: ossa subjecta corpori, Cic. N. D. 2, 55, 139; cf. Quint. 1, prooem. § 24; 12, 10, 5: amittere, to [[become]] [[poor]], [[lean]], Lucr. 1, 1038; Cic. Fam. 7, 26, 2 fin.; cf.: abiit corpusque colorque, Ov. H. 3, 141; and the opp. facere, to [[become]] [[fat]], to [[thrive]], Cels. 7, 3 fin.; cf.: quo [[cibo]] fecisti [[tantum]] corporis, Phaedr. 3, 7, 5.—In a [[play]] [[upon]] words: inque omni [[nusquam]] corpore [[corpus]] erat, Mart. Spect. 7, 6.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>b</b> Transf., the [[wood]] under the [[bark]] of a [[tree]], Plin. 17, 24, 37, § 234.—Of [[discourse]]: nervis illis, quibus [[causa]] continetur, adiciunt superinducti corporis speciem, the [[covering]], integument, Quint. 5, 8, 2; 2, 10, 5: [[corpus]] eloquentiae facere, the [[substance]], the [[most]] [[essential]] [[part]], id. 10, 1, 87; cf.: [[corpus]] orationis enervatur, Petr. 2.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; A [[lifeless]] [[body]], a [[corpse]], Caes. B. G. 2, 10; 2, 27; Liv. 32, 13, 8 et saep.; Ov. M. 7, 548; id. F. 2, 835 al.—In a [[double]] [[sense]], Cic. Sull. 31, 89 Halm.—Poet., the souls of the [[dead]], the shades or departed spirits, Verg. A. 6, 303; 6, 306.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>3</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; As opposed to the [[head]], the [[trunk]], Ov. M. 11, 794.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>4</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; In mal. [[part]]., the [[body]], [[person]]: usuram ejus corporis cepit sibi, Plaut. Am. prol. 108: [[illa]] quae [[corpus]] puplicat [[volgo]] suum, id. Bacch. 4, 8, 22; id. Cist. 2, 3, 21; cf.: corpore quaestum facere, id. Poen. 5, 3, 21 al.; v. [[quaestus]].— Hence also, the testicles, Phaedr. 3, 11, 3; Hor. S. 1, 2, 43.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>5</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Periphrastically for the [[individual]], the [[person]] (esp. [[poet]]., to [[suggest]] [[that]] [[which]] is [[physically]] [[admirable]] or [[excellent]]; also freq. in the histt.): delecta virum corpora, Verg. A. 2, 18; cf.: lectissima matrum, id. ib. 9, 272: quo pulchrior [[alter]] non fuit, [[excepto]] corpore Turni, id. ib. 7, 650; 11, 690: septena [[quot]] annis Corpora natorum, id. ib. 6, 22: [[ultor]] vestrae, fidissima corpora, mortis, Ov. M. 3, 58; 7, 655: sororum, Sil. 14, 105; Val. Fl. 2, 653: conjugum vestraque ac liberorum vestrorum, Liv. 21, 13, 7; Tac. A. 4, 72 et saep.: uti corpora nostra ab injuriā tuta forent, Sall. C. 33, 2; Liv. 9, 8, 5; 31, 46, 16: qui liberum [[corpus]] (sc. Virginiam) in servitutem addixissent, id. 3, 56, 8; so, liberum, Sall. C. 33, 2; Liv. 5, 22, 1; 29, 21, 6; Plin. [[Pan]]. 33, 1.—Of animals: corpora magna boum, heads, Verg. G. 3, 369: seu [[quis]] Pascit equos ... Corpora [[praecipue]] matrum legat, id. ib. 3, 51; id. A. 1, 193: pro [[tribus]] corporibus [[triginta]] milia [[talentum]] auri precatur accipias, Curt. 4, 11, 6.—<br /><b>II</b> [[Meton]]., a [[whole]] [[composed]] of parts united, a [[body]], [[frame]], [[system]], [[structure]], [[community]], [[corporation]], etc.; of ships, the [[framework]], Caes. B. C. 1, 54.—Of fortifications: totum [[corpus]] coronā militum cingere, Caes. B. G. 7, 72.—Of a [[land]]: [[Sicilia]] dirempta [[velut]] a corpore majore, Just. 4, 1, 1.—Of the [[state]]: alterum ([[praeceptum]] Platonis), ut totum [[corpus]] rei publicae curent, nec dum partem [[aliquam]] tuentur, reliquas deserant, Cic. Off. 1, 25, 85: quae ([[multitudo]]) coalescere in populi unius [[corpus]] poterat, Liv. 1, 8, 1; cf. id. 34, 9, 3; and: nullum civitatis, a [[political]] [[body]], id. 26, 16, 9; 38, 9, 12; Tac. G. 39; Just. 3, 2, 2: totum [[corpus]] Macedoniae, id. 7, 1, 12; Liv. 26, 16, 9: sui corporis regem creari, id. 1, 17, 2: [[corpus]] mercatorum, [[guild]], Ambros. Ep. 20, 6: corpori valido [[caput]] deerat (sc. exercitui dux), Liv. 5, 46, 5: oriundi ab Sabinis sui corporis creari regem volebant, id. 1, 17, 2; cf. id. 4, 9, 4; 6, 34, 5 al.: fabrorum et naviculariorum, Dig. 50, 6, 5: utros ejus habueris libros ... duo [[enim]] sunt corpora ... an utrosque, [[nescio]], Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 11 (13), 4; so of a [[book]], id. Fam. 5, 12, 4; Sen. Tranq. 9, 6; Suet. Gram. 6; Dig. 32, 50 al.; cf.: [[corpus]] [[omnis]] Romani juris, Liv. 3, 34, 7; [[hence]], Corpus Juris, [[title]] of a Roman [[collection]] of laws, Cod. Just. 5, 13: rationum, Dig. 40, 5, 37: patrimonii, ib. 4, 2, 20: omnia maternae hereditatis, ib. 4, 31, 79.