tempero: Difference between revisions

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|lshtext=<b>tempĕro</b>: āvi, ātum, 1 (old<br /><b>I</b> pres. subj. temperint, Plaut. Truc. 1, 1, 41; collat. dep. form tempĕror, Lact. 7, 5, 12), v. a. and n. [[tempus]].<br /><b>I</b> Act., to [[divide]] or [[proportion]] [[duly]], [[mingle]] in [[due]] [[proportion]]; to [[combine]] or [[compound]] [[properly]]; to [[qualify]], [[temper]], etc. ([[class]].; cf.: [[modifico]], [[misceo]]).<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>A</b> Lit.: nec [[vero]] qui [[simplex]] esse debet, ex dissimilibus rebus misceri et temperari potest, Cic. Off. 3, 33, 119: qui (orbium [[motus]]) acuta cum gravibus [[temperans]] varios [[aequabiliter]] [[concentus]] efficit, id. Rep. 6, 18, 18: ea cum tria sumpsisset, unam in speciem temperavit, id. Univ. 7: [[tale]] quiddam esse animum, ut [[sit]] ex igni [[atque]] animă temperatum, id. N. D. 3, 14, 36: aes conflare et temperare, Plin. 7, 56, 57, § 197: [[ferrum]], id. 34, 14, 41, § 145: herbas, Ov. F. 5, 402: [[acetum]] melle, Plin. 14, 17, 21, § 114: [[vinum]], id. 29, 3, 11, § 50: pocula, to flavor, i. e. to [[fill]], Hor. C. 1, 20, 11; id. Epod. 17, 80; Mart. 9, 12, 7: [[venenum]], Suet. Ner. 2 fin.: [[unguentum]], Plin. 13, 2, 2, § 18: [[collyrium]], id. 27, 10, 59, § 83: colores, id. 2, 18, 16, § 79 et saep.: ejusdem solis tum [[accessus]] modici tum [[recessus]] et frigoris et caloris modum temperant, Cic. N. D. 2, 19, 49: Etesiarum flatu nimii temperantur calores, id. ib. 2, 53, 131; cf.: [[vitis]] solem [[umbra]] [[temperans]], Plin. 17, 12, 18, § 91: [[quis]] aquam (i. e. [[balneum]]) temperet ignibus, [[who]] shall [[temper]], i. e. [[warm]], Hor. C. 3, 19, 6; so, [[balneum]], Mart. 3, 25, 1: scatebrisque arentia temperat arva, i. e. waters, Verg. G. 1, 110; so, arva ([[Galesus]]), Claud. Cons. Prob. 260.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Transf., to [[rule]], [[regulate]], [[govern]], [[manage]], [[arrange]], [[order]]: rem publicam institutis et legibus, Cic. Tusc. 1, 1, 2; cf.: constituere et temperare civitates, id. Ac. 2, 1, 3: [[Lycurgus]], qui Lacedaemoniorum rem publicam temperavit, id. Div. 1, 43, 96; cf.: qui ([[Juppiter]]) res hominum ac deorum, Qui [[mare]] ac terras variisque [[mundum]] Temperat horis, Hor. C. 1, 12, 16: terram, [[mare]], urbes, etc. (corresp. to regere), id. ib. 3, 4, 45: [[mare]], id. ib. 4, 12, 1: [[aequor]], Verg. A. 1, 146: orbem, Ov. M. 1, 770; 15, 869: arces aetherias, id. ib. 15, 859: undas, id. ib. 12, 580: ratem, id. ib. 13, 366: [[solus]] id navigii [[genus]] [[temperans]], Vell. 2, 107: omnia [[pretio]] temperata, id. 2, 60: senem delirum, Hor. S. 2, 5, 71: ora frenis, id. C. 1, 8, 7 et saep.: [[genius]] qui natale temperat [[astrum]], id. Ep. 2, 2, 187: annum, id. ib. 1, 12, 16; Plin. 2, 6, 4, § 13: caeli fulgura, Cic. Leg. 8, 21: fortunam suo arbitrio, Petr. 137.— Poet.: [[carmen]] impositis articulis, i. e. to [[tune]], Prop. 2, 34 (3, 32), 80; cf.: testudinis aureae strepitum, Hor. C. 4, 3, 18: Musam pede Archilochi, id. Ep. 1, 19, 28 sq.: citharam nervis, i. e. to [[string]], Ov. M. 10, 108.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> Trop.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>1</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; To [[regulate]], [[rule]], etc.: non [[modice]] temperatam sed [[nimis]] meracam libertatem [[sitiens]] haurire, Cic. Rep. 1, 43, 96; cf.: cujus [[acerbitas]] [[morum]] immanitasque naturae ne vino [[quidem]] permixta temperari solet, id. Phil. 12, 11, 26: [[quod]] ([[genus]]) erit aequatum et temperatum ex [[tribus]] optimis rerum publicarum modis, id. Rep. 1, 45, 69; cf. id. ib. 2, 39, 65: ita in variā et perpetuā oratione hi (numeri) sunt [[inter]] se miscendi et temperandi, id. Or. 58, 197; so, joined [[with]] miscere, id. Off. 3, 33, 119 (on the [[contrary]], opp. miscere, id. Rep. 2, 23, 42); cf.: at haec [[interdum]] temperanda et varianda sunt, id. Or. 29, 103; 18, 60; 52, 176: iracundiam cohibere, victoriam temperare, id. Marcell. 3, 8: amara [[lento]] Temperet risu, Hor. C. 2, 16, 27: annonam macelli [[quotannis]] temperandam censuit, to be regulated, i. e. [[fixed]] at [[moderate]] prices, Suet. Tib. 34: ([[Aeolus]]) Sceptra tenens mollitque animos et temperat iras, soothes, allays, Verg. A. 1, 57: [[sumptus]], Ov. Am. 1, 3, 10: [[Mercurius]] temperat astra, Stat. Th. 1, 305.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Se temperare ab aliquā re, to [[refrain]] from, [[abstain]] from, [[forbear]], etc. ([[late]] Lat.): temperare se a rectorum suorum reprehensione, Greg. M. in Job, 25, 38 init.; 18, 3: ab [[utro]] se temperat, Aug. c. Faust. 6, 5 fin.; id. Trin. 3 prooem.<br /><b>II</b> Neutr., to [[observe]] [[proper]] [[measure]]; to [[moderate]] or [[restrain]] one's [[self]]; to [[forbear]], [[abstain]]; to be [[moderate]] or [[temperate]] ([[class]].; cf. [[moderor]]).<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>A</b> In gen., constr. [[with]] in aliquā re, alicui rei, ab aliquā re, a [[simple]] abl., an inf., or ne or [[quin]] [[with]] subj.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(a)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; With in and abl.: jam [[istoc]] probior es, cum in amore temperes, Plaut. Ep. 1, 2, 8: in [[multa]] temperarunt tribuni, Liv. 2, 52, 5; Sall. J. 85, 9.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(b)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; With dat.: linguae tempera, Plaut. Rud. 4, 7, 28; so, linguae, Liv. 28, 44, 18: linguae, Sen. Ira, 3, 6, 2: manibus, Liv. 2, 23, 9; 4, 3, 6; 32, 20, 3; Curt. 7, 2, 24: oculis, Liv. 21, 22, 7: irae, id. 33, 20, 7: victoriae, Sall. C. 11, 8: gulae, Plin. Ep. 2, 6, 5: lacrimis, Curt. 7, 2, 7.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(g)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; With ab and abl.: temperare ab injuriā et maleficio, Caes. B. G. 1, 7: a maleficio, Auct. Her. 2, 19, 29: a lacrimis, Verg. A. 2, 8: precibus ducis mitigati ab [[excidio]] civitatis temperavere, Tac. H. 1, 63.—Rarely [[with]] sibi, etc.: cum sibi in contionibus credas a mendacio temperaturum? Auct. Her. 4, 18, 25: ne a necessariis [[quidem]] sibi [[rabies]] temperat, Sen. Clem. 1, 26, 4.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(d)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; With abl. [[alone]]: lacrimis, Liv. 30, 20; Tac. A. 15, 16: a venatibus, Claud. III. Laud. Stil. 270: risu, Liv. 32, 34, 3: [[neque]] verbis [[adversus]] principem [[neque]] factis, Suet. Vit. Lucan.—（ε) With inf.: matronae Canorā hic voce suā tinnire temperent, Plaut. Poen. prol. 33: dormire, id. ib. 22: maledicere huic, id. ib. 5, 2, 76: tollere puerum, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 21, 42 (Trag. v. 67 Vahl.): exordiri rem novam, Gell. 4, 9, 5. —（ζ) With ne and subj.: [[quoi]] [[male]] faciundi est [[potestas]], [[quom]] ne id faciat temperat, Plaut. Stich. 1, 2, 60: [[quod]] in pluribus libris ne facerem temperavi, Lact. 4, 3, 5.—（η) With [[quin]] ([[post]]-Aug.): non temperante Tiberio [[quin]] premeret, Tac. A. 3, 67: ne sedato [[quidem]] tumultu temperare potuit, [[quin]], etc., Suet. Claud. 41; id. Calig. 54: vix temperabat, [[quin]] diceret, Sen. Contr. 10, 1 (30), 7: [[Arruntius]] non temperavit, [[quin]], etc., id. Ep. 114, 19.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>b</b> With sibi or animis (so not in [[Cicero]]): [[neque]] sibi homines feros temperaturos existimabat, [[quin]], etc., Caes. B. G. 1, 33: vix sibi temperant [[quin]], etc., Sen. Ben. 2, 29, 2; Vell. 1, 16, 1: [[usque]] mihi temperavi, dum perducerem eo rem, ut, etc., Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 7, 2: [[nequeo]] mihi temperare, [[quominus]], etc., Plin. 18, 6, 8, § 41; 1, praef. § 30: non quivit temperare sibi in eo ([[signo]]), etc., id. 34, 8, 19, § 62; Plin. Ep. 6, 17, 1: vix temperavere animis, [[quin]], etc., Liv. 5, 45, 7.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>c</b> Impers. [[pass]].: [[aegre]] temperatum est, [[quin]], etc., [[they]] [[with]] [[difficulty]] refrained, Liv. 32, 10, 8: nec temperatum manibus foret, ni, etc., id. 2, 23, 10: jam superfundenti se laetitiae vix temperatum est, id. 5, 7, 8: ab oppugnatione urbium temperatum, id. 7, 20, 9: a caedibus, id. 25, 25, 9.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> In partic., pregn., to [[forbear]], [[abstain]], or [[refrain]] from; to [[spare]], be [[indulgent]] to [[any]] [[thing]] (cf.: [[parco]], [[abstineo]]); constr. [[with]] dat. or ab: ut si cuiquam ullā in re [[umquam]] temperaverit, ut vos [[quoque]] ei temperetis, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 6, § 17: superatis hostibus ([[shortly]] [[after]], parcere), id. ib. 2, 2, 2, § 4: sociis, id. ib. 2, 1, 59, § 154: alicui in aliquā re, id. ib. 2, 2, 6, § 17: amicis, id. Balb. 27, 60: privignis, Hor. C. 3, 24, 18: ingenio suo, Quint. 10, 1, 98 al.: in quo ab sociis temperaverant, Liv. 6, 17, 8: ab his sacris, id. 39, 10, 9: [[quamvis]] a plerisque cibis [[singuli]] temperemus, Plin. Ep. 2, 5, 8; cf.: a mulso sibi temperare, Cels. 4, 31.—Impers. [[pass]].: templis deum temperatum est, Liv. 1, 29, 6 Drak. N. cr.: nec ab ullo temperatum foret, id. 24, 31, 11.—Hence,<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>A</b> tempĕ-rans, antis, P. a., observing [[moderation]], [[sober]], [[moderate]], [[temperate]] (syn.: [[modestus]], [[abstinens]]): aut temperantem (dices), qui se in aliquā libidine continuerit, in aliquā effuderit? Cic. Par. 3, 1, 21: [[homo]] in omnibus vitae partibus [[moderatus]] ac [[temperans]], etc., id. Font. 18, 40; so, [[homo]], id. Att. 15, 1, 1.—Sup.: [[homo]] sanctissimus et temperantissimus, Cic. Font. 17, 38: principes graviores temperantioresque a cupidine imperii, refraining, abstaining, Liv. 26, 22, 14 Drak. N. cr.—With gen.: famae [[temperans]], Ter. Phorm. 2, 1, 41: [[temperans]] gaudii seraeque laetitiae, Plin. [[Pan]]. 52, 5: potestatis temperantior, Tac. A. 13, 46.—Hence, adv.: tempĕranter, [[with]] [[moderation]], [[moderately]], Tac. A. 4, 33; 15, 29. — Comp., Cic. Att. 9, 2, A, 2.—Sup. seems not to [[occur]].—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> tempĕrātus, a, um, P. a. *<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>1</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Duly arranged or [[prepared]]: prela, [[Cato]], R. R. 12.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Limited, [[moderate]], [[temperate]].<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(a)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Lit.: temperatae escae modicaeque potiones, Cic. Div. 1, 51, 115: regiones caeli [[neque]] aestuosae [[neque]] frigidae sed temperatae, Vitr. 1, 4; cf. Plin. 14, 2, 4, § 26.—Comp.: loca temperatiora, Caes. B. G. 5, 12: o temperatae [[dulce]] [[Formiae]] [[litus]], Mart. 10, 30, 1: [[mitis]] ac [[temperatus]] [[annus]], Col. 3, 20, 1; cf. in [[sup]].: temperatissimum anni [[tempus]], Varr. R. R. 2, 5, 14.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(b)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Trop., of [[moral]] [[character]], of [[speech]], etc., [[moderate]], [[sober]], [[calm]], [[steady]], [[temperate]]: est [[autem]] ita temperatis moderatisque moribus, ut [[summa]] [[severitas]] summā cum humanitate jungatur, Cic. Fam. 12, 27: justi, temperati, sapientes, id. N. D. 3, 36, 87: in victoriā tem, peratior, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 15, 1: [[mens]] in bonis Ab insolenti temperata Laetitiā, Hor. C. 2, 3, 3: vim temperatam di provehunt In majus, id. ib. 3, 4, 66: animum temperatum virtutibus fuisse, Liv. 1, 18, 4: hoc [[multo]] fortius est ... illud temperatius, Sen. Ep. 18, 3: aequabile et temperatum orationis [[genus]], Cic. Off. 1, 1, 3: [[oratio]] modica ac temperata, id. Or. 27, 95.—Comp.: temperatior [[oratio]], Cic. de Or. 2, 53, 212.— Sup.: temperatissimi sanctissimique viri [[monumentum]], Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 38, § 83. — Adv.: tempĕrātē, in [[due]] [[proportion]], [[with]] [[moderation]], [[moderately]], [[temperately]].<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>a</b> Lit.: tepebit, [[Cato]], R. R. 69, 2: arbores umoris [[temperate]], [[parum]] terreni habentes, Vitr. 2, 9 med.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>b</b> Trop.: agere, Cic. Att. 12, 32, 1: temperatius scribere, id. ib. 13, 1, 1: temperatissime et castissime vivere, Aug. Mus. 6, 15.

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