demum: Difference between revisions

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|lshtext=<b>dēmum</b>: (also [[demus]], [[like]] [[prorsus]], quorsus, [[rursus]], [[deorsus]], Liv. Andr. ap. Paul. ex Fest. p. 70, 8 Müll.; Plaut. Trin. 3, 3, 51 Ritschl and Brix), adv. a [[sup]]. form from de, downmost; cf.: sub, [[summus]], used to [[give]] [[prominence]] to an [[idea]] in [[opposition]] to or [[restriction]] of [[another]],<br /><b>I</b> at [[length]], at [[last]], not [[till]] [[then]]; [[just]], [[precisely]]; [[only]], etc.<br /><b>I</b> In Latin of [[every]] [[period]] and [[description]] of [[writing]] (for syn. cf.: [[tandem]], [[denique]], postremum, [[primo]]).<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>A</b> Enclitically [[with]] pronouns, [[like]] [[adeo]] ([[but]] [[less]] freq.), [[just]], [[precisely]], [[especially]], [[exactly]], [[indeed]]; also translated by an [[emphasis]] of the pronoun: id [[demum]] lepidumst, Plaut. Pers. 2, 3, 14; cf.: sic [[sentio]], id [[demum]] aut [[potius]] id [[solum]] esse miserum, [[quod]] turpe [[sit]], Cic. Att. 8, 8 init.: [[idem]] velle [[atque]] [[idem]] nolle, ea [[demum]] firma [[amicitia]] est, Sall. C. 20, 4; cf. id. ib. 12 fin.: relinquere aculeum in audientium animis is [[demum]] potest, qui, etc., Plin. Ep. 1, 20, 18: [[tamquam]] ad eam linguam [[demum]] [[natus]] esset, Quint. 6 prooem. § 11: me [[fortuna]] hac [[demum]] voluit consistere [[terra]], Verg. A. 1, 629; cf. id. ib. 2, 743 al.: [[ille]] [[demum]] antiquis est [[adulescens]] moribus, Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 20: per quaedam parva [[sane]], si ipsa [[demum]] aestimes, ducunt, Quint. 1, 10, 5: vos [[demum]], ut [[video]], legem antiquastis [[sine]] [[tabella]]. Sed ego, etc., Cic. Leg. 3, 17, 38 ([[but]] Bait. vos [[quidem]]): quae [[demum]] causae secundam valetudinem praestent, Cels. praef.: jam [[vero]] [[exsilium]], si rerum naturam, non ignominiam nominis quaerimus, [[quantum]] [[demum]] a perpetua peregrinatione differt? Cic. Tusc. 5, 37, 107: sciscitando eo [[demum]] pervenit, ut [[haud]] [[procul]] esset, [[quin]] Remum agnosceret, Liv. 1, 5 fin.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(b)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Strengthened by a [[preceding]] [[verum]] [[enim]] [[vero]], or a [[following]] [[profecto]]: [[verum]] [[enim]] [[vero]] id [[demum]] juvat, si quem, etc., Ter. Ad. 2, 3, 2; Sall. C. 2, 9; cf. Liv. 4, 4: is [[demum]] [[profecto]] vitam aequa [[lance]] pensitabit, etc., Plin. 7, 7, 5.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(g)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Separated from the pronoun: hoc est [[demum]] [[quod]] percrucior, Plaut. Bac. 5, 1, 13: [[illa]] [[seges]] [[demum]], Verg. G. 1, 47.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> Enclitically [[with]] the adverbs [[nunc]], tum, or [[tunc]], [[post]], [[modo]], jam, ibi, sic, etc.; [[just]], [[precisely]], not [[till]]; also freq. expressed by [[more]] [[strongly]] accenting those particles.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>a</b> Nunc [[demum]], Gr. νῦν δή, [[now]], [[now]] at [[length]], at [[last]] (cf.: [[nunc]] [[adeo]], under 2. [[adeo]], no. B. 2. c.): [[nunc]] [[demum]] ego cum [[illa]] fabulabor [[libere]], Plaut. Poen. 5, 3, 40; so [[with]] [[scio]], id. Epid. 3, 4, 22; id. Mil. 2, 6, 62; [[with]] [[intellego]], Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 12; cf.: [[nunc]] [[demum]] [[rescribo]] iis litteris, quas, etc., Cic. Att. 16, 3; and: undevicesimo aetatis [[anno]] dicere in [[foro]] [[coepi]] et [[nunc]] [[demum]], [[quid]] praestare debeat [[orator]], [[adhuc]] [[tamen]] per caliginem [[video]], [[yet]] it is [[only]] [[now]] [[that]] I am at [[length]] [[beginning]] to see, Plin. Ep. 5, 8, 8 et saep.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(b)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; In [[Plautus]] [[with]] [[following]] conjunctions, cum, [[quoniam]], etc.: [[nunc]] [[demum]] a me insipienter [[factum]] esse [[arbitror]], Cum rem [[cognosco]], Plaut. Mil. 2, 6, 80; cf. id. Rud. 4, 4, 78.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(g)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Separated by pol, [[edepol]], or [[other]] words: [[nunc]] pol [[demum]] ego [[sum]] [[liber]], Plaut. Cas. 4, 4, 14: [[nunc]] [[edepol]] [[demum]] in memoriam [[regredior]], cum [[cogito]], etc., id. Capt. 5, 4; 25; id. Cas. 4, 4, 14; id. Aul. 1, 2, 1: heu, [[nunc]] [[misero]] mihi [[demum]] Exsilium [[infelix]]! Verg. A. 10, 849.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>b</b> Tum [[demum]], [[then]] at [[length]], [[then]] [[indeed]] (so [[most]] freq., esp. in the historians; in Caes. [[only]] in this [[connection]]): tum [[demum]] Liscus oratione Caesaris [[adductus]], etc., Caes. B. G. 1, 17; 1, 50, 2; 1, 51, 2; Liv. 2, 20; 3, 12; Plin. Ep. 6, 20, 6; Verg. A. 6, 330; 573; id. G. 3, 205; Ov. F. 4, 615 et saep.: utraque re [[satis]] experta tum [[demum]] consules, Liv. 2, 29.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(b)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; With foll. conjunct. ubi, si, cum, etc. (and in [[Plautus]] also [[separate]]; cf. [[above]], no. 1. b. and c.): ubi expolivero, Magis hoc tum [[demum]] dices, Plaut. Poen. 1, 1, 61; Sall. J. 46; Cels. 7, 27 fin.: si id [[facies]], tum [[demum]] scibis, etc., Plaut. Mil. 4, 8, 56; id. Men. 2, 2, 71; Cic. Rep. 1, 24; cf. [[with]] quodsi, Att. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 10, 4: ac tum [[demum]], cum [[medium]] tenuere, etc., Plin. Ep. 8, 20, 7: tum tu [[igitur]] [[demum]] id adulescenti [[aurum]] dabis, Ubi, etc., Plaut. Trin. 3, 3, 52.—Once in this [[connection]] [[demum]] [[alone]]: servata res est [[demum]], si illam videro, Plaut. Merc. 5, 2, 68.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>c</b> Tunc [[demum]] (cf. Drak. Liv. 41, 3, 5): [[tunc]] [[demum]] intelleges, etc., Sen. Ep. 121; Suet. Calig. 9; Vulg. Gen. 41, 9; and [[with]] cum, Col. praef. fin.; [[with]] ubi, Cels. 3, 6, and 10.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>d</b> Post [[demum]], [[afterwards]], not [[till]] [[after]]: [[post]] eum [[demum]] huc [[cras]] adducam, Plaut. As. 5, 2, 65: [[post]] [[igitur]] [[demum]], etc., id. Amph. 3, 1, 16.—With [[post]] as praep.: unas [[enim]] [[post]] idus Martias, Asin. [[Pollio]] ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 31, 4: [[post]] biduum [[demum]], Suet. Aug. 10 fin.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>e</b> Modo [[demum]], [[only]] [[now]], [[now]] for the [[first]] [[time]]: modone id [[demum]] sensti, Ter. And. 5, 3, 11.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>f</b> Jam [[demum]], [[now]] at [[last]], [[now]] (cf. δή ... ἤδη, Eurip. Suppl. 980; [[Troad]]. 235), Ov. Tr. 2, 8.—<br /> Ibi [[demum]], [[just]] [[there]]: [[illic]] ibi [[demum]]'st [[locus]], ubi, etc., Plaut. Capt. 5, 4, 3; Quint. 10, 3, 13: ibi [[demum]] morte quievit, Verg. A. 9, 445; cf. id. ib. 1, 629; Stat. Th. 2, 474; id. Silv. 2, 3, 14; cf. also ibi [[demum]], of [[time]], Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 53.—<br /> Sic [[demum]]: sic [[demum]] socios consumpta nocte [[reviso]], Verg. A. 2, 795; 6, 154.—<br /> Ita [[demum]], Vulg. 2 Mac. 6, 15.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; With the abl. temp. or absol.: ego [[novus]] [[maritus]] [[anno]] [[demum]] [[quinto]] et sexagesimo fiam? Ter. Ad. 5, 8, 15: [[decimo]] [[demum]] pugnavimus [[anno]], Ov. M. 13, 209: quarta vix [[demum]] exponimur [[hora]], Hor. S. 1, 5, 23: hieme [[demum]], Plin. Ep. 7, 2, 2: pontificatum maximum, quem [[numquam]] [[vivo]] Lepido auferre sustinuerat, mortuo [[demum]] suscepit, Suet. Aug. 31; cf.: appellato [[demum]] collegio obtinuit, id. Caes. 23: his [[demum]] exactis, Verg. A. 6, 637: [[noctu]] [[demum]] rex recessit, Curt. 7, 11, 20.—And [[once]] [[with]] the nominative of the [[part]]. perf.: [[damnatus]] [[demum]], vi [[coactus]] reddidit Mille et ducentos Philippos, i. e. not [[until]] condemned, Plaut. Bac. 2, 4, 38.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>C</b> To [[add]] [[emphasis]] to the [[idea]] contained in a [[proposition]], in [[fact]], in [[very]] [[truth]], [[certainly]], [[indeed]] ([[rare]]): ea sunt [[enim]] [[demum]] non ferenda in mendacio, quae, etc., Cic. Rep. 2, 15: [[immemor]] est [[demum]], nec frugum munere [[dignus]], qui, etc., Ov. M. 15, 122; Quint. 10, 6, 5; so to [[strengthen]] a [[comparative]] (cf.: [[adeo]], [[etiam]]): latius [[demum]] [[ire]], [[further]] [[yet]], Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 156: num [[expositio]] haec longior [[demum]] esse debeat, Quint. 4, 2, 79.—<br /><b>II</b> In postAug. Latin.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>A</b> Only, [[solely]], [[exclusively]] ( = [[duntaxat]], [[tantum]], [[solum]], [[tantummodo]], [[modo]]): ne vulgarem viam [[ingressus]], alienis [[demum]] vestigiis insisterem, Quint. prooem. § 3; id. 2, 15, 1: [[adeo]] suis [[demum]] oculis credidit, id. 11, 3, 68: quaedam (verba) tertiae [[demum]] personae [[figura]] dicuntur, ut [[licet]], [[piget]], id. 1, 4, 29: qui ([[Cicero]]) non assecutus esset docendo judicem [[tantum]] et [[utiliter]] [[demum]] ac Latine perspicueque dicendo, ut, etc., id. 8, 3, 3 et saep.: [[nihil]] [[magis]] pro contione [[testatus]] est, [[quam]] id [[demum]] se habiturum, [[quod]], etc., [[but]] [[just]] [[that]], Suet. Oth. 6 et saep.: ut non is [[demum]] [[sit]] [[veneficus]], qui vitam abstulit [[data]] potione, sed [[etiam]] qui mentem, Quint. 9, 2, 105; cf. [[with]] the [[following]] [[verum]] [[etiam]], id. 7 prooem. § 1.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>b</b> Ita [[demum]], [[only]] so; [[then]] or in [[that]] [[case]] [[only]]; not [[till]] [[then]] ( = tum [[demum]]); esp. freq. in conditional propositions: si [[plus]] humoris excernitur [[quam]] assumitur, ita [[demum]] secundae valetudinis [[spes]] est, Cels. 3, 21; Plin. Ep. 3, 3, 2; Suet. Claud. 25 al.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> To [[point]] [[out]] [[something]] as [[taking]] [[place]] [[only]] [[after]] [[previous]] [[delay]], at [[length]], at [[last]] = [[tandem]]: [[quod]] [[oppidum]] Hispaniae [[frustra]] diu oppugnatum illitis [[demum]] galbano facibus succenderit, Suet. Galb. 3; cf. corresp. [[with]] [[tandem]], id. Calig. 6.— *<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; For [[denique]] no. II. 2, [[finally]], in [[fine]]: ex quibus [[alium]] Ciceroni, [[alium]] Caesari, singulis [[demum]] singulos opponeremus, Tac. Or. 26 fin. Cf. Hand Turs. II. p. 250-260; Zumpt ad Curt. 6, 39, 25; Mützell ad Curt. 3, 7, 8; 3, 22, 26.

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