orbis: Difference between revisions

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|lshtext=<b>orbis</b>: is (nom. orbs, Ven. Carm. 8, 5. —<br /><b>I</b> Abl. regul. orbe; [[but]] orbi, Lucr. 5, 74: ex orbi, Varr. R. R. 3, 5, 16; Rutil. ap. [[Charis]]. p. 112 P.: orbi terrae, in the [[meaning]] in the [[world]], Cic. Sest. 30, 66; so, orbi terrarum, id. Verr. 2, 4, 38, § 82 Halm; id. Dom. 10, 24; id. Fragm. ap. [[Charis]]. p. 112 P.), m. etym. dub.; perh. [[akin]] to Sanscr. dhvar, [[bend]], [[twist]], [[any]] [[thing]] of a [[circular]] [[shape]], a [[ring]], [[round]] [[surface]], [[disk]], [[hoop]], [[orbit]], [[orb]], a [[circle]] ([[class]].; cf.: [[circus]], [[circulus]], [[gyrus]], [[spira]]).<br /><b>I</b> Lit.: in orbem torquere, Cic. Univ. 7: curvare aliquid in orbem, Ov. M. 2, 715: certumque equitavit in orbem, id. ib. 12, 468.—Of a [[ring]]: et digitum justo [[commodus]] orbe teras, [[fit]] [[exactly]], Ov. Am. 2, 15, 6: unionum, [[roundness]], Plin. 9, 35, 56, § 113.—Of a [[circle]] formed by men: ut in orbem consisterent, [[place]] [[themselves]] in a [[circle]], form a [[circle]], Caes. B. G. 5, 33: cum [[illi]], orbe [[facto]], se defenderent, id. ib. 4, 37: orbem volventes suos increpans, Liv. 4, 28: in orbem pugnare, id. 28, 22, 15: in orbem [[sese]] stantibus equis defendere, id. 28, 33, 15: [[stella]] (φαέθων) eundem [[duodecim]] signorum orbem annis [[duodecim]] conficit, the zodiac, Cic. N. D. 2, 20, 52: [[lacteus]], the Milky Way, id. Rep. 6, 16, 16.—Of the [[orbit]] of a [[heavenly]] [[body]]: sidera circulos suos orbesque conficiunt, Cic. Rep. 6, 15, 15.—Of a [[serpent]], the windings, coils: immensis orbibus angues Incumbunt pelago, Verg. A. 2, 204.—Of a [[circular]] [[surface]] or [[disk]]: [[orbis]] mensae, a [[round]] [[table]]-[[top]], Ov. H. 17, 87; cf. Juv. 11, 122.—Also, [[simply]] orbes, a [[round]] [[table]], Mart. 2, 43; Juv. 1, 137.—Of a [[quoit]] or [[discus]]: [[ictus]] ab orbe, Ov. Ib. 590.—Of the [[scale]] of a [[balance]]: [[instabilis]] natat [[alterno]] depressior orbe, Tib. 4, 1, 44.—Of a [[mirror]]: addidit et nitidum sacratis crinibus orbem, Mart. 9, 18, 5.—Of a [[shield]]: [[illa]] ([[hasta]]) per orbem Aere [[cavum]] triplici ... Transiit, Verg. A. 10, 783; Petr. 89.—Of a mosaic pavement of [[rounded]] pieces of [[marble]], Juv. 11, 175.—Of a [[scale]], one [[side]] of a [[balance]], Tib. 4, 1, 44.—Of the millstones of an [[oil]]-[[mill]], [[Cato]], R. R. 22.—Of the [[wooden]] [[disk]] placed [[over]] olives in [[pressing]] [[them]], [[Cato]], R. R. 18.—Of the [[hoop]] or [[tire]] of a [[wheel]]: rotarum orbes circumacti, Plin. 8, 16, 19, § 52.—Of the [[wheel]] itself: undaque jam [[tergo]] ferratos sustinet orbes, Verg. G. 3, 361.—Hence, the [[wheel]] of [[fortune]], Tib. 1, 5, 70; Ov. Tr. 5, 8, 7; id. P. 2, 3, 56.—Of the [[socket]] of the [[eye]]: inanem luminis orbem, Ov. M. 14, 200.—Of the [[eye]] itself: [[gemino]] [[lumen]] ab orbe venit, Ov. Am. 1, 8, 16: ardentes oculorum orbes ad [[moenia]] torsit, Verg. A. 12, 670.—Of the [[sun]]'s [[disk]] or [[orb]]: [[lucidus]] [[orbis]], Verg. G. 1, 459.—Of the [[moon]]'s [[disk]] or [[orb]]: [[quater]] junctis implevit cornibus orbem [[Luna]], [[quater]] plenum tenuata retexuit orbem, Ov. M. 7, 530.—Of the [[circle]] of the [[world]], the [[world]], the [[universe]]: [[Juppiter]] arce suā totum cum spectet in orbem, Ov. F. 1, 85: [[renatus]], the [[new]]-[[born]] [[day]], Sil. 5, 56: terrarum or terrae, the [[circle]] or [[orb]] of the [[earth]], the [[world]] ([[since]] the ancients regarded the [[earth]] as a [[circular]] [[plane]] or [[disk]]): permittitur infinita [[potestas]] [[orbis]] terrarum, Cic. Agr. 2, 13, 33: [[ager]] Campanus [[orbis]] terrae pulcherrimus, id. ib. 2, 28, 76; id. Sest. 30, 66: [[cunctus]] ob Italiam terrarum clauditur [[orbis]]? Verg. A. 1, 233; cf. id. ib. 7, 224.—Also, [[simply]] [[orbis]] (so [[mostly]] [[poet]].): hic, ubi [[nunc]] [[Roma]] est [[orbis]] [[caput]], [[arbor]] et herbae, Ov. F. 5, 93: [[unus]], Juv. 10, 168; 4, 148: [[universus]], Vulg. Luc. 2, 1; id. Apoc. 12, 9.—Hence, a [[country]], [[region]], [[territory]]: Eoo [[dives]] ab orbe redit, the East, Ov. F. 3, 466: Assyrius, Juv. 2, 108: [[noster]], Plin. 12, 12, 26, § 45.—A [[kind]] of [[fish]], Plin. 32, 2, 5, § 14 Sillig; cf. Isid. Orig. 12, 6, 6.—<br /><b>II</b> Trop., a [[circle]].<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>A</b> Of things [[that]] [[return]] at a [[certain]] [[period]] of [[time]], a [[rotation]], [[round]], [[circuit]]: ut [[idem]] in singulos annos [[orbis]] volveretur, Liv. 3, 10: [[insigne]] regium in orbem per omnes iret, in [[rotation]], id. 3, 36: [[orbis]] hic in re publicā est [[conversus]], the [[circle]] of [[political]] changes, Cic. Att. 2, 9, 1.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> Orbis doctrinae, an encyclopœdia: [[orbis]] [[ille]] doctrinae [[quam]] [[Graeci]] ἐγκύκλιον παιδείαν vocant, Quint. 1, 10, 1.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>C</b> Of [[speech]], a rounding [[off]], [[roundness]], [[rotundity]]: circuitum, et [[quasi]] orbem verborum conficere, Cic. de Or. 3, 51, 198: orationis, id. Or. 71, 234: [[historia]] non tam finitos numeros [[quam]] orbem quendam contextumque desiderat, Quint. 9, 4, 129.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>D</b> A [[circle]] or [[cycle]] of [[thought]]: sententiae Pyrrhonis in hunc orbem quem circumscripsimus, incidere non possunt, Cic. Fin. 5, 8, 23; cf.: [[circa]] vilem patulumque orbem, Hor. A. P. 132.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>E</b> Esp.: in orbem [[ire]], to go the rounds, go [[around]]: [[quinque]] dierum spatio finiebatur [[imperium]] ac per omnes in orbem ibant, in [[turn]], Liv. 1, 17, 6; 3, 36, 3.

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