posterus: Difference between revisions

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|lshtext=<b>postĕrus</b>: or [[poster]] (not in [[use]] in<br /><b>I</b> nom. [[sing]]. masc.), a, um, adj.—Comp: [[posterior]], us.—Sup.: postremus or [[postumus]], a, um [[post]], [[coming]] [[after]], [[following]], [[next]], ensuing, [[future]].<br /><b>I</b> Posit.: cum ibi diem posterum commoraretur, Cic. Clu. 13, 37: in posterum diem distulit, id. Deiot. 7, 21: [[postero]] [[die]] [[mane]], id. Verr 2, 2, 17, § 41: [[postero]] [[die]], Sall J. 75, 9: posterā nocte, Nep. Eum. 9, 4: [[postero]] [[anno]], Cic. Fragm. pro C. Cornel.: postera [[aetas]], Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 42: lux, id. S. 1, 5, 39: posterā Crescam laude, in the [[esteem]] of [[posterity]], id. C. 3, 30, 7: [[posteri]] [[dies]], [[unlucky]], Non. 73, 32.— Hence,<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Subst.: postĕri, ōrum, m., [[coming]] generations, descendants, [[posterity]]: expetantur eae poenae a liberis, a nepotibus, a posteris, Cic. N. D. 3, 38, 90: posterūm [[gloria]], Tac. A. 3, 72: [[postero]], for [[postero]] [[die]], on the [[following]] [[day]], [[next]] [[day]], id. ib. 4, 45; cf.: [[quam]] minimum credula [[postero]], Hor. C. 1, 11, 8: in posterum, for in posterum diem, to the [[following]] [[day]], [[till]] the [[next]] [[day]]: in posterum oppugnationem differt, Caes. B. G. 7, 11.—More freq.: in posterum (sc. [[tempus]]), in the [[future]], for the [[future]]: in posterum confirmat, Caes. B. C. 1, 3: [[multum]] in posterum providerunt, Cic. Agr. 2, 33, 91; id. Phil. 13, 3, 6; id. Fam. 1, 9, 2: [[longe]] in posterum prospicere, id. ib. 2, 8, 1.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> Trop., [[inferior]] ([[post]]-[[class]].), Mart. Cap. 4, § 333.—<br /><b>II</b> Comp.: postĕ-rĭor, postĕrĭus.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>A</b> Lit., [[that]] [[comes]] or follows [[after]], [[next]] in [[order]], [[time]], or [[place]], [[latter]], [[later]], [[posterior]] ([[class]].; [[strictly]] [[only]] [[when]] [[two]] objects or classes are contrasted in [[place]] or [[time]]; opp.: [[prior]], [[superior]]): ut cum priore ([[dicto]]) [[necessario]] posterius cohaerere videntur, Cic. Inv. 1, 46, 86: nec acumine posteriorum (oratorum), nec fulmine [[utens]] superiorum, id. Or. 6, 21: ea pertinere ad superiorem divisionem: [[contra]] posteriorem [[nihil]] dici oportere, id. Ac. 2, 31, 99; 2, 30, 96; id. Off. 1, 20, 67: posteriores [[pedes]] (opp.: [[pedes]] priores), the [[hind]] feet, Plin. 11, 45, 101, § 248; cf.: genua, id. 11, 45, 102, § 249: [[pars]] [[prior]] apparet, posteriora [[latent]], Ov. F. 4, 718: posteriores cogitationes, afterthoughts, Cic. Phil. 12, 2, 5: paria esse debent posteriora superioribus, id. de Or. 3, 48, 186: Thucy dides [[paulo]] aetate [[posterior]], id. Brut. 11, 48: [[quod]] [[prius]] ordine [[verbum]] est, Posterius facias, Hor. S. 1, 4, 59.—Sometimes added to [[other]] words of [[contrast]]: alii ... alii ... [[tamen]] hi [[quoque]] posteriores, etc., Cic. Fin. 3, 21, 70: cujus est [[ratio]] [[duplex]] ... facilior est haec [[posterior]] ... sed [[illa]] lautior, id. Off. 2, 15, 52; cf. [[superior]].—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Subst.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>a</b> postĕ-rĭōres, um, m., for [[posteri]], [[posterity]] (postclass.): [[quemadmodum]] omnes cognati [[supra]] tritavum, generali appellatione majores vocantur, ita [[post]] trinepotem posteriores, Dig. 38, 10, 10.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>b</b> postĕrĭōra, um, n., the posteriors ([[post]]-[[class]].), Lampr Elag. 5. —Adv.: postĕrĭus, [[later]], [[afterwards]] ([[class]].): posterius dicere, Plaut. Ep. 2, 2, 76: posterius [[istuc]] [[dicis]] [[quam]] [[credo]] [[tibi]], i. e. I [[believe]] [[you]] [[before]] [[you]] [[speak]], id. As. 1, 1, 48: jubet posterius ad se reverti, Cic. Verr 2, 4, 29, § 66: [[Thucydides]] si posterius fuisset, had he lived at a [[later]] [[period]], id. Brut. 83, 288.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> Trop., [[inferior]], of [[less]] [[account]] or [[value]], [[worse]] ([[class]].): quorum utrique [[semper]] patriae [[salus]] et [[dignitas]] [[posterior]] suā dominatione et domesticis commodis fuit, Cic. Att. 10, 4, 4; id. Phil. 13, 3, 6: suam salutem posteriorem communi [[salute]] ducere, id. Rab. Perd. 1, 3: [[nihil]] posterius, [[nihil]] nequius, id. Pis. 27, 66 (al. protervius): omnes res posteriores [[pono]] [[atque]] operam do [[tibi]], I [[lay]] [[every]] [[thing]] [[aside]], Plaut. Mil. 4, 1, 7: non posteriores feram, I [[will]] not [[play]] the meanest [[part]], I shall not be [[behindhand]], Ter Ad. 5, 4, 26; cf.: cujus sic [[fortuna]] cum improbitate certavit, ut [[nemo]] posset [[utrum]] [[posterior]] an infelicior esset judicare, Cic. Prov Cons. 4, 8 fin. —<br /><b>III</b> Sup, in [[two]] forms, postrēmus and postŭmus, a, um.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>A</b> postrēmus, a, um, the hindmost, the [[last]] ([[class]].): [[alia]] prima ponet, [[alia]] postrema, [[last]], Cic. Or 15, 50: [[acies]], the [[rear]], Sall. J. 101, 5: in agmine in primis [[modo]], [[modo]] in postremis adesse, [[now]] in the [[front]], [[now]] in the [[rear]], id. ib. 45, 2: postremā in comoediā, at the [[end]] of the [[piece]], Plaut. Cist. fin.: in [[postremo]] [[libro]], at the [[close]] of the [[book]], Just. 43, 5: mense [[postremo]], Pall. 7, 2: [[munus]], i. e. [[exsequiae]], the [[last]] honors, Cat. 101, 3: nec postrema [[cura]], not the [[last]], [[least]], Verg. G. 3, 404; cf.: non in postremis, i. e. in primis, [[especially]], Cic. Fam. 1, 9, 17.—postrēmō, adv., at [[last]], [[finally]] ([[class]].), Caes. B. G. 7, 1: omnes urbes, agri, regna [[denique]], [[postremo]] [[etiam]] vectigalia vestra venierint, Cic. Agr. 2, 23, 62: [[primum]] ... [[deinde]] ... [[postremo]]: [[denique]] ... [[postremo]], id. N. D. 1, 37, 104; Hor. S. 2, 2, 132: ad postremum, at [[last]], [[finally]], [[ultimately]]: sed ad postremum [[nihil]] apparet, Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 23; Sall. Fragm. ap. Aug. Civ. Dei, 3, 17; Liv. 38, 16; Hirt. B. G. 8, 43: postremum, for the [[last]] [[time]]: si id facis, [[hodie]] postremum me vides, Ter And. 2, 1, 22: in quo (vestigio) [[ille]] postremum institisset, Cic. de Or. 3, 2, 6: postremum, at [[last]]: postremum mel et [[acetum]] superfundes, Pall. 12, 22.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Trop., the [[last]], lowest, basest, meanest, [[worst]] ([[class]].): postremum [[genus]], Cic. Cat. 2, 10, 22: ut homines postremi pecuniis alienis locupletarentur, id. Rosc. Am. 47, 137: [[servitus]] postremum malorum omnium, id. Phil. 2, 44, 113.—Hence, [[ante]]- and [[post]]-[[class]]., a [[new]] comp. postremior, and [[sup]]. postremissimus: ut possit videri nullum [[animal]] in terris homine postremius, App. de Deo Socr. p. 43 fin.: omnium nationum postremissimum nequissimumque existimatote, C. Gracch. ap. Gell. 15, 12, 3: cum adulescentulis postremissimis, App. Mag. p. 336.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> po-stŭmus (acc. to an [[erroneous]] [[derivation]], from [[post]] - [[humus]], [[sometimes]] also [[post]]-[[humus]]), a, um, the [[last]], said esp. of the youngest children, or of those [[born]] [[after]] the [[father]]'s [[death]], or [[after]] he had made his [[will]], [[late]]-[[born]], [[posthumous]]: [[Silvius]] ... tua postuma [[proles]], Quem [[tibi]] longaevo [[serum]] [[Lavinia]] conjux Educet silvis, [[late]]-[[born]] [[son]], Verg. A. 6, 763; cf. [[with]] this [[passage]]: postuma [[proles]] non eum significat, qui patre mortuo, sed qui [[postremo]] [[loco]] [[natus]] est, [[sicuti]] [[Silvius]], qui Aeneā jam sene, [[tardo]] seroque partu est [[editus]], Caesellius [[Vindex]] ap. Gell. 2, 16, 5.—On the [[other]] [[hand]]: is, qui [[post]] patris mortem [[natus]] est, dicitur [[postumus]], Varr. L. L. 9, § 60 Müll.; and: [[postumus]] cognominatur [[post]] patris mortem [[natus]], Fest. p. 238 Müll.; Plaut. ap. Fest. l. l.—As subst.: postŭmus, i, m., a [[posthumous]] [[child]]: non [[minus]] postumis [[quam]] jam [[natis]] testamento tutores dari posse, Gai. Inst. 1, 147: si [[quis]] postumis dederit tutores, hique [[vivo]] eo nascantur, an [[datio]] valeat? Dig. 26, 2, 16 fin.: postuma [[spes]], the [[last]], App. M. 4, p. 144, 26: suscipit doctrinam seram [[plane]] et postumam, id. Mag. p. 297, 23: [[cena]] [[quam]] postumā diligentiā praeparaverat, [[with]] [[extreme]] [[care]], id. M. 6, p. 186, 25.—*<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Subst.: postŭmum, i, n., [[that]] [[which]] is [[last]], the [[end]], [[extremity]]: de [[postumo]] corporis, Tert. adv. Gnost. 1.

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