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|lshtext=<b>rătĭo</b>: ōnis (abl. rationi, Lucr. 6, 66), f. [[reor]], [[ratus]],<br /><b>I</b> a [[reckoning]], [[account]], [[calculation]], [[computation]].<br /><b>I</b> Lit.<br /> <b>(a)</b> Sing.: Les. Nequaquam argenti [[ratio]] conparet [[tamen]]. Sta. Ratio [[quidem]] [[hercle]] adparet: [[argentum]] οἴχεται,> Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 15 sq.: rationem putare ... [[bene]] [[ratio]] accepti [[atque]] expensi [[inter]] nos convenit, id. Most. 1, 3, 141; 146; cf.: ad calculos vocare amicitiam, ut [[par]] [[sit]] [[ratio]] acceptorum et datorum, Cic. Lael. 16, 58: itur, putatur [[ratio]] cum argentario ... Ubi disputata est [[ratio]] cum argentario, Plaut. Aul. 3, 5, 53 sq.: [[dextera]] digitis rationem computat, id. Mil. 2, 2, 49: magna [[ratio]] C. Verruci, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 77, § 188: [[direptio]] ejus pecuniae, cujus [[ratio]] in aede [[Opis]] confecta est, id. Phil. 5, 6, 16; cf.: quibus in tabulis [[nominatim]], [[ratio]] confecta erat, qui [[numerus]] [[domo]] exisset, etc., ... Quarum omnium rerum [[summa]] erat, etc., Caes. B. G. 1, 29: auri [[ratio]] [[constat]]: [[aurum]] in aerario est, the [[account]] agrees, i. e. is [[correct]], Cic. Fl. 28, 69 (v. [[consto]]): decumo [[post]] mense, ut rationem te dictare [[intellego]], to [[make]] the [[reckoning]], Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 38 (al. ductare): rationem ducere, to [[make]] a [[computation]], to [[compute]], [[calculate]], [[reckon]], Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 52, § 129; so, rationem habere, to [[take]] an [[account]], [[make]] a [[computation]]: omnium proeliorum, Caes. B. C. 3, 53; cf.: hujus [[omnis]] pecuniae conjunctim [[ratio]] habetur, id. B. G. 6, 19; and: piratarum, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 28, § 71: rationem inire, to [[cast]] up, [[reckon]], [[calculate]], Caes. B. G. 7, 71, 4: [[quattuor]] [[minae]] periere, ut [[ratio]] redditur, Plaut. Men. 1, 3, 23; cf.: [[tibi]] ego rationem reddam? id. Aul. 1, 1, 6; id. Trin. 2, 4, 114: rationem referre, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 39, § 98: rationem repetere de pecuniis repetundis, id. Clu. 37, 104: Py. Quanta [[istaec]] hominum [[summa]] est? Ar. Septem millia. Py. Tantum esse [[oportet]]: recte rationem tenes, Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 47 et saep.: drachumae, quas de ratione debuisti, according to the [[account]], id. Trin. 2, 4, 24: grandem (pecuniam) [[quemadmodum]] in rationem inducerent, non videbant, [[how]] [[they]] should [[bring]] it [[into]] [[their]] accounts, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 41, § 106.—<br /> <b>(b)</b> Plur.: rationes putare argentariam, frumentariam, pabuli causā quae parata sunt; rationem vinariam, oleariam, [[quid]] venierit, etc., [[Cato]], R. R. 2, 5: rationes ad aerarium [[continuo]] detuli ... quas rationes si cognoris, intelleges, etc., Cic. Pis. 25, 61: ut rationes cum publicanis putarent, id. Att. 4, 11, 1: rationes a colono accepit, id. Caecin. 32, 94: [[quid]] [[opus]] est? [[inquam]]. Rationes conferatis. Assidunt, subducunt, ad nummum convenit, id. Att. 5, 21, 12: rationes referre ... rationes deferre, id. Fam. 5, 20, 2: Romani pueri longis rationibus assem Discunt in partes [[centum]] diducere, Hor. A. P. 325 et saep.: A RATIONIBVS, an [[accountant]], Inscr. Orell. 1494; 2973; 2986; 4173 et saep. (cf. ab).—<br /> <b>B</b> Transf.<br /> <b>1</b> A [[list]], [[roll]], [[register]] ([[rare]]): [[cedo]] rationem carceris, quae diligentissime conficitur, quo [[quisque]] [[die]] [[datus]] in custodiam, quo [[mortuus]], quo necatus [[sit]], Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 57, § 147: rationes imperii, ab Augusto proponi [[solitas]], sed a Tiberio intermissas, publicavit (sc. Caligula), Suet. Calig. 16 ( = breviarium) totius imperii, id. Aug. 101 fin.: [[rationarium]] imperii, id. ib. 28.—<br /> <b>2</b> A [[sum]], [[number]] ([[rare]]), Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 11: [[nunc]] lenonum et scortorum [[plus]] est [[fere]] Quam [[olim]] muscarum est. Ea nimia est [[ratio]], id. Truc. 1, 1, 49: pro ratione pecuniae liberalius est [[Brutus]] [[tractatus]] [[quam]] [[Pompeius]], Cic. Att. 6, 3, 5; cf. II. B. 1. c. [[infra]].—<br /> <b>3</b> A [[business]] [[matter]], [[transaction]], [[business]]; also, a [[matter]], [[affair]], in gen. (a favorite [[word]] of [[Cicero]]): res rationesque eri Ballionis [[curo]], Plaut. Ps. 2, 2, 31: res rationesque vestrorum omnium, id. Am. prol. 4: re ac ratione cum [[aliquo]] conjunctus, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 70, § 172: de totà illā ratione [[atque]] re Gallicanā [[inter]] se [[multa]] communicare, id. Quint. 4, 15: cum ([[Druides]]) in reliquis [[fere]] rebus, publicis privatisque rationibus, Graecis utantur litteris, Caes. B. G. 6, 14 (metaphrast. πράγμασι): [[ratio]] nummaria, Cic. Att. 10, 11, 2: [[aeraria]] [[ratio]], id. Quint. 4, 15: [[ratio]] domestica ... bellica, id. Off. 1, 22, 76: [[quod]] ad popularem rationem attinet, id. Fam. 1, 2, 4: rationes familiares componere, Tac. A. 6, 16 fin.: [[fori]] judiciique rationem [[Messala]] suscepit, Cic. Rosc. Am. 51, 149; cf.: in explicandis rationibus rerum civilium, id. Rep. 1, 8, 13: rationes civitatis, id. ib. 1, 6, 11: quantos [[aestus]] habet [[ratio]] comitiorum ... [[nihil]] fallacius ratione totā comitiorum, id. Mur. 17, 35: [[propter]] rationem Gallici belli, id. Prov. Cons. 8, 19; so id. ib. 8, 14, 35: ad omnem rationem humanitatis, id. Mur. 31, 66: in hac ratione [[quid]] res, [[quid]] [[causa]], [[quid]] [[tempus]] ferat, tu facillime perspicies, id. Fam. 1, 7, 6 fin.: ad eam rationem existimabam [[satis]] aptam naturam meam, id. Att. 9, 11, A, 1.—<br /> <b>b</b> Pregn.: meae (tuae, etc.) rationes, my ([[thy]], etc.) [[interest]], my ([[thy]], etc.) [[advantage]] (cf. in Engl. to [[find]] one's [[account]] in [[any]] [[thing]]): me ad ejus rationes adjungo, quem tu in meis rationibus [[tibi]] esse adjungendum putasti, Cic. Fam. 1, 8, 2; cf.: [[exemplum]] meis alienissimum rationibus, id. Corn. Fragm. 1, 7 B. and K.: consideres, [[quid]] tuae rationes postulent, Sall. C. 44, 5: servitia repudiabat ... alienum suis rationibus existimans videri causam civium cum servis fugitivis communicasse, [[inconsistent]] [[with]] his [[policy]] or interests, id. ib. 56, 5: si meas rationes [[unquam]] vestrae saluti anteposuissem, Cic. Red. ad Quir. 1, 1.<br /><b>II</b> Trop., a [[reckoning]], [[account]], [[computation]]: [[postquam]] hanc rationem cordi ventrique edidi, presented this [[reckoning]], Plaut. Aul. 2, 7, 12: [[itidem]] hic ut Acheronti [[ratio]] accepti scribitur, i.e. things are taken [[only]], [[nothing]] is given [[back]], id. Truc. 4, 2, 36: [[nomen]] (comoediae) jam habetis, [[nunc]] rationes ceteras Accipite, an [[account]] of the [[rest]], id. Poen. prol. 55; cf.: [[census]] [[quom]] [[sum]], juratori recte rationem dedi, id. Trin. 4, 2, 30; so, rationem [[dare]], for the [[more]] [[usual]] rationem reddere, Varr. L. L. 6, § 86 Müll.; Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 36, § 92 Zumpt: (argentarii) ratione utuntur, [[make]] a [[reckoning]], [[settle]] up, Plaut. Cas. prol. 27: cum eam [[mecum]] rationem [[puto]], go [[into]] [[that]] [[calculation]], [[think]] [[over]] the [[matter]], id. ib. 3, 2, 25; cf.: [[frustra]] [[egomet]] [[mecum]] has rationes [[puto]], Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 54: ([[Medea]] et [[Atreus]]) inita subductaque ratione nefaria scelera meditantes, Cic. N. D. 3, 29, 71: [[quod]] [[posteaquam]] [[iste]] cognovit hanc rationem habere coepit, to [[make]] the [[following]] [[calculation]], [[reflection]], id. Verr. 2, 5, 39, § 101; cf.: totius rei [[consilium]] his rationibus explicavit, ut si, etc., ... si, etc., ... [[sin]], etc., drew the [[plan]] of the [[whole]] [[undertaking]] according to the [[following]] [[calculation]], [[that]] if, etc., Caes. B. C. 3, 78; and herewith cf.: rationem consilii mei accipite, id. ib. 3, 86: ut habere rationem possis, quo [[loco]] me convenias, etc., [[that]] [[you]] [[may]] [[calculate]], Cic. Fam. 3, 6, 6: [[semper]] ita vivamus, ut rationem reddendam nobis arbitremur, id. Verr. 2, 2, 11, § 28; cf.: [[nihil]] est, [[quod]] [[minus]] ferendum [[sit]], [[quam]] rationem ab altero vitae reposcere eum, qui non possit suae reddere, id. Div. in Caecil. 9, 28; and [[with]] this cf.: si gravius [[quid]] acciderit, abs te rationem reposcent, [[will]] [[call]] [[you]] to [[account]], Caes. B. G. 5, 30: clarorum virorum [[atque]] magnorum non [[minus]] otii, [[quam]] negotii rationem exstare oportere, an [[account]] [[must]] be [[capable]] of [[being]] given, [[Cato]] ap. Cic. Planc. 27, 66: tam otii [[quam]] negotii rationem reddere majores censuisse, Col. 11 fin.: eam condicionem esse imperandi, ut non [[aliter]] [[ratio]] constet, [[quam]] si uni reddatur, [[that]] the [[account]] is not [[correct]] [[unless]], etc., Tac. A. 1, 6 fin.: mirum est [[quam]] singulis diebus in urbe [[ratio]] aut constet aut constare videatur, Plin. Ep. 1, 9, 1; 1, 5, 16 et saep.; cf. Just. praef. 5.—<br /> <b>B</b> Transf.<br /> <b>1</b> Relation, [[reference]], [[respect]] to a [[thing]]: (agricolae) habent rationem cum terrā, quae [[nunquam]] recusat [[imperium]], [[have]] an [[account]], [[have]] to do, [[have]] [[dealings]] [[with]] the [[earth]], Cic. Sen. 15, 51; cf.: ubi [[ratio]] cum Orco habetur, Varr. R. R. 1, 4, 3; for [[which]]: ubi [[sit]] cum Orco [[ratio]] ponenda, Col. 1, 3, 2: cum omnibus Musis rationem habere [[cogito]], Cic. Att. 2, 5, 2: cum hac (muliere) aliquid adulescentem hominem habuisse rationis, id. Cael. 20, 50; cf. id. Verr. 2, 2, 77, § 190. omnes, quibuscum [[ratio]] huic aut est aut fuit, assunt, defendunt, id. Quint. 23, 75; cf.. quae [[ratio]] [[tibi]] cum eo intercesserat? id. Rosc. Com. 14, 41: pacis [[vero]] quae potest esse cum eo [[ratio]], in quo est [[incredibilis]] [[crudelitas]], [[fides]] nulla? id. Phil. 4, 6, 14: [[quod]] si habenda cum M. Antonii latrocinio pacis [[ratio]] fuit, etc., id. ib. 12, 7, 17: fontes ad nostrorum annalium rationem veteres, ad ipsorum [[sane]] recentes, in [[respect]] to [[our]] [[annals]], id. Brut. 13, 49.—<br /> <b>b</b> Pregn., a [[respect]], [[regard]], [[concern]], [[consideration]], [[care]] for a [[thing]] (usu. in the [[connection]] habere and ducere alicujus rei rationem): ad hanc rationem [[quoniam]] maximam vim [[natura]] habet, [[fortuna]] proximam: utriusque [[omnino]] habenda [[ratio]] est in deligendo genere vitae, Cic. Off. 1, 33, 120: quorum (civium Romanorum) nobis pro vestrā sapientiā, [[Quirites]], habenda est [[ratio]] [[diligenter]], id. Imp. Pomp. 7, 17: (deos) piorum et impiorum habere rationem, id. Leg. 2, 7, 15: cujus absentis rationem haberi proximis comitiis [[populus]] jussisset, Caes. B. C. 1, 9; so, absentis, id. ib. 1, 32; 3, 82 fin.: sauciorum et aegrorum habitā ratione, id. ib. 3, 75: moneret, frumenti rationem esse habendam, Hirt. B. G. 8, 34; so (al. frumentandi), rationem habere, Caes. B. G. 7, 75 Oud.; cf. id. ib. 7, 71: alicujus vel dignitatis vel commodi rationem non habere, Cic. de Or. 2, 4, 17: ut summae rei publicae rationem habeamus, [[Pompeius]] ap. Cic. Att. 8, 12, c, 3: alicujus salutis rationem habere, i. e. to [[regard]], [[care]] for, be concerned [[about]], Caes. B. G. 7, 71; so id. B. C. 1, 20: turpissimae fugae rationem habere, id. ib. 2, 31: ut in ceteris habenda [[ratio]] non sui [[solum]] sed [[etiam]] aliorum, sic, etc., Cic. Off. 1, 39, 139: [[proinde]] habeat rationem posteritatis et periculi sui, Caes. B. C. 1, 13: habere [[nunc]] se rationem officii pro beneficiis Caesaris, id. B. G. 5, 27: non ullius rationem sui commodi ducit, Cic. Rosc. Am. 44, 128: cum hujusce periculi tum ceterorum [[quoque]] officiorum et amicitiarum [[ratio]], id. Clu. 42, 117: [[omnis]] hac in re habenda [[ratio]] et [[diligentia]] est, ut, etc., id. Lael. 24, 89; cf.: didici ex tuis litteris, te omnibus in rebus habuisse rationem, ut mihi consuleres, id. Fam. 3, 5, 1: [[habeo]] rationem, [[quid]] a [[populo]] Romano acceperim, [[bring]] [[into]] [[consideration]], [[consider]], id. Verr. 2, 5, 14, § 36: ut habere rationem possis, quo [[loco]] me salvā lege Corneliā convenias, ego veni, etc., id. Fam. 3, 6, 6: [[neque]] illud rationis habuisti, eam provinciam ad summam stultitiam nequitiamque venisse, id. Verr. 2, 5, 15, § 38; cf.: hoc rationis habebant, facere eos nullo [[modo]] posse, ut, etc., id. ib. 2, 2, 29, § 70.—<br /> <b>c</b> Relation to a [[thing]], i. e.<br /> <b>(a)</b> Subject., [[course]], [[conduct]], [[procedure]], [[mode]], [[manner]], [[method]], [[fashion]], [[plan]], etc. (cf. [[consilium]]): [[nunc]] sic rationem incipissam, hanc instituam astutiam, ut, etc., Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 82; cf. id. ib. 3, 1, 175 sqq.: ubi cenas hodic, si hanc rationem instituis? Plaut. Stich. 3, 1, 26; id. Truc. 1, 1, 3: tua [[ratio]] est, ut [[secundum]] binos ludos mihi respondere incipias: mea, ut [[ante]] primos ludos comperendinem. Ita fiet, ut tua ista [[ratio]] existimetur astuta, [[meum]] hoc [[consilium]] necessarium, Cic. Verr. 1, 11, 34; cf.: [[ratio]] viaque defensionis, id. Verr. 2, 5, 1, § 4: [[itaque]] in [[praesentia]] [[Pompeii]] insequendi rationem omittit, Caes. B. C. 1, 30: mea [[autem]] [[ratio]] in dicendo haec esse solet, ut, etc., Cic. de Or. 2, 72, 292: haec in philosophiā [[ratio]] [[contra]] omnia disserendi, id. N. D. 1, 5, 11: dicendi, id. Or. 32, 114; id. de Or. 3, 15, 56; cf.: [[aliquot]] [[ante]] annis inita [[ratio]] est, ut, etc., id. Rep. 2, 36, 61: ut, quo [[primum]] occurreretur, vix [[ratio]] iniri possit, Caes. B. G. 7, 24: [[quia]] reponendarum (tegularum) [[nemo]] [[artifex]] inire rationem potuerit, Liv. 42, 3 fin.—In plur.: hoc aditu laudis non mea me [[voluntas]] sed meae vitae rationes ab ineunte aetate susceptae prohibuerunt, [[plan]] of [[life]], Cic. Imp. Pomp. 1, 1: de rationibus rerum publicarum aut constituendarum aut tuendarum, id. Rep. 1, 6, 11.—<br /> <b>(b)</b> Object., [[relation]], [[condition]], [[nature]], [[kind]], [[sort]], [[fashion]], [[way]], etc. (cf. [[modus]]): sed [[ratio]] ordoque agminis [[aliter]] se habebat ac [[Belgae]] ad Nervios detulerant, Caes. B. G. 2, 19; cf.: ut rei [[militaris]] [[ratio]] [[atque]] [[ordo]] postulabat, id. ib. 2, 22; so, rei [[militaris]], id. ib. 4, 23: [[ratio]] [[atque]] [[usus]] belli, the [[art]] and [[practice]] of [[war]], id. ib. 4, 1; id. B. C. 1, 76 fin.; 2, 18; 3, 17 et saep. al.; cf.: novae rationes bellandi, id. ib. 3, 50: [[ratio]] equestris proelii, id. B. G. 5, 16: quorum operum haec erat [[ratio]], etc., id. B. C. 1, 25; cf.: rationem pontis hanc instituit; tigna bina, etc., id. B. G. 4, 17: serpit per omnium vitas [[amicitia]], nec ullam aetatis degendae rationem patitur esse expertem sui, Cic. Lael. 23, 87; cf.: ita [[ratio]] comparata est vitae naturaeque nostrae, ut, etc., id. ib. 27, 101; id. Ac. 2, 43, 132: [[civitas]] (Platonis) non quae possit esse, sed in quā [[ratio]] rerum civilium perspici posset, id. Rep. 2, 30, 52 init.; cf.: reliqui disseruerunt de generibus et de rationibus civitatum, id. ib. 2, 11, 22; 1, 8, 13: [[quam]] creberrimis litteris faciam ut [[tibi]] [[nota]] [[sit]] [[omnis]] [[ratio]] dierum [[atque]] itinerum meorum, id. Fam. 3, 5, 4: [[quoniam]] [[eadem]] est [[ratio]] juris in [[utroque]], id. Rep. 3, 12, 21; cf.: haec [[eadem]] [[ratio]] est in summā totius Galliae, Caes. B. G. 6, 11 fin.: ab nostris [[eadem]] ratione, quā [[pridie]], resistitur, id. ib. 5, 40; id. B. C. 3, 100; cf. id. ib. 3, 101: docet, [[longe]] aliā ratione esse [[bellum]] gerendum [[atque]] [[antea]] [[sit]] gestum, id. B. G. 7, 14: hoc si Romae fieri posset, [[certe]] aliquā ratione expugnasset [[iste]], Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 52, § 130: [[quid]] [[refert]], quā me ratione cogatis? id. Lael. 8, 26: [[quod]] fuit illis conandum [[atque]] omni ratione efficiendum, Caes. B. C. 1, 65 fin.; 1, 67 fin.: simili ratione [[Pompeius]] in suis castris consedit, id. ib. 3, 76: [[auxilium]] ferri nullā ratione poterat, id. ib. 1, 70: nec quibus rationibus superare possent, sed quem ad modum uti victoriā deberent, cogitabant, id. ib. 3, 83 fin.; 3, 58; 3, 18 fin. et saep.—<br /> <b>(g)</b> With gen. of a subst. in [[circumlocution]] for the subst. itself (v. Zumpt, Gram. § 678): [[vereor]] ne [[oratio]] mea alienā ab judiciorum ratione esse videatur, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 49, § 109: [[multa]] [[autem]] [[propter]] rationem brevitatis praetermittenda, id. ib. 2, 1, 40, § 103: quantas perturbationes et quantos [[aestus]] habet [[ratio]] comitiorum? id. Mur. 17, 35: [[nihil]] fallacius ratione totā comitiorum, id. ib. 17, 36: praedicere tempestatum rationem et praedonum, id. ib. 2, 4: tota [[ratio]] talium largitionum genere vitiosa est, id. Off. 2, 17, 60.—<br /> <b>2</b> Pregn., [[that]] [[faculty]] of the [[mind]] [[which]] forms the [[basis]] of [[computation]] and [[calculation]], and [[hence]] of [[mental]] [[action]] in [[general]], i. e. [[judgment]], [[understanding]], [[reason]]: [[duplex]] est vis animorum [[atque]] [[natura]]: una [[pars]] in appetitu posita est, quae est ὁρμὴ> [[Graece]], quae hominem huc et [[illuc]] rapit; altera in ratione, quae docet et explanat, [[quid]] faciendum, [[quid]] fugiendum [[sit]]. Ita [[fit]], ut [[ratio]] praesit, [[appetitus]] obtemperet, Cic. Off. 1, 28, 101: [[homo]], [[quod]] rationis est [[particeps]], per [[quam]] [[consequentia]] cernit, causas rerum videt earumque [[progressus]] et [[quasi]] antecessiones non ignorat, similitudines comparat rebusque praesentibus adjungit [[atque]] annectit futuras, [[facile]] totius vitae cursum videt ad eamque degendam praeparat res necessarias. Eademque [[natura]] vi rationis hominem concilia homini et ad orationis et ad vitae societatem, etc., id. ib. 1, 4, 11 sq.: [[haud]] [[scio]], an [[melius]] fuerit, [[humano]] generi motum istum celerem cogitationis, [[acumen]], sollertiam, [[quam]] rationem vocamus, non dari [[omnino]] [[quam]] tam [[munifice]] et tam [[large]] dari, etc., id. N. D. 2, 27, 69: lex est [[ratio]] [[summa]], insita in naturā, quae jubet ea, quae facienda sunt, prohibetque contraria. Eadem [[ratio]], cum est in hominis mente confirmata et confecta, lex est, id. Leg. 1, 6, 18: ut, quos [[ratio]] non posset, eos ad [[officium]] [[religio]] duceret, id. N. D. 1, 42, 118: [[mens]] et [[ratio]] et [[consilium]] in senibus est, id. Sen. 19, 67; cf. Liv. 28, 28: si [[pudor]] quaeritur, si [[probitas]], si [[fides]], [[Mancinus]] haec attulit, si [[ratio]], [[consilium]], [[prudentia]], [[Pompeius]] antistat, Cic. Rep. 3, 18, 28; cf. id. Quint. 16, 53; and: si [[ratio]] et [[prudentia]] curas aufert, Hor. Ep. 1, 11, 25: quibus in rebus [[temeritas]] et [[casus]], non [[ratio]] nec [[consilium]] valet, Cic. Div. 2, 41, 85; cf.: [[illa]] de urbis situ revoces ad rationem quae a Romulo casu aut [[necessitate]] facta sunt, id. Rep. 2, 11, 22; and: [[moneo]] ut agentem te [[ratio]] ducat, non [[fortuna]], Liv. 22, 39 fin.: [[mulier]] abundat audaciā; consilio et ratione deficitur, Cic. Clu. 65, 184: Ariovistum [[magis]] ratione et consilio [[quam]] virtute vicisse. Cui rationi [[contra]] homines barbaros [[locus]] fuisset, etc., Caes. B. G. 1, 40: [[arma]] [[amens]] [[capio]]; nec sat rationis in armis, Verg. A. 2, 314: rationis [[egens]], id. ib. 8, 299 et saep.: [[iracundia]] dissidens a ratione, Cic. Rep. 1, 38, 60: majora [[quam]] hominum [[ratio]] consequi possit, id. ib. 1, 10, 15: [[quantum]] ratione provideri poterat, Caes. B. G. 7, 16 fin.: quantumque in ratione esset, exploratum habuit, Hirt. B. G. 8, 6 init.: nec majore ratione [[bellum]] administrari posse, Caes. B. C. 7, 21: minari divisoribus [[ratio]] non erat, it [[was]] not [[reasonable]], [[was]] [[contrary]] to [[reason]], Cic. Verr. 1, 9, 24; so, nulla [[ratio]] est, [[with]] an objectclause, id. Caecin. 5, 15; so, [[too]], [[minime]] rationis est, Col. 3, 5, 3; cf. [[with]] dat.: [[Vitellianus]] exercitús, cui acquiescere Cremonae [[ratio]] fuit, [[which]], as [[reason]] dictated, [[ought]] to [[have]] rested at [[Cremona]], Tac. H. 3, 22: [[quod]] domi te inclusisti, ratione fecisti, [[reasonably]], [[sensibly]], [[judiciously]], Cic. Att. 12, 14, 3.—<br /> <b>b</b> The [[reasonable]] [[cause]] of a [[thing]], a [[ground]], [[motive]], [[reason]]: [[ratio]] est [[causa]], quae demonstrat, [[verum]] esse id, [[quod]] intendimus, brevi subjectione. Rationis [[confirmatio]] est ea, quae pluribus argumentis corroborat [[breviter]] expositam rationem, Auct. Her. 2, 18, 28: [[quid]] [[tandem]] habuit argumenti aut rationis res, [[quamobrem]], etc., Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 47, § 115; cf.: nostra confirmare argumentis ac rationibus: [[deinde]] contraria refutare, id. de Or. 2, 19, 80: noverit [[orator]] argumentorum et rationum locos, id. Or. 14, 44 (v. also [[argumentum]]): si mei consilii causam rationemque cognoverit, id. Div. in Caecil. 1, 1; cf.: ad eam sententiam cum reliquis causis haec [[quoque]] [[ratio]] eos deduxit, [[quod]], etc., Caes. B. G. 2, 10 fin.: [[quam]] habet rationem, non [[quaero]] aequitatis, sed ipsius improbitatis [[atque]] impudentiae? ... facti, si non bonam, at [[aliquam]] rationem afferre, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 85, § 196; cf.: [[deinde]] [[nihil]] rationis affert, [[quamobrem]], etc., id. Caecin. 33, 96: non deest hoc [[loco]] [[copia]] rationum, quibus docere velitis, humanas esse formas deorum: [[primum]] [[quod]], etc. ... [[deinde]] [[quod]], etc. ... tertiam rationem affertis, [[quod]], etc., id. N. D. 1, 27, 76: et [[quidem]], [[cur]] sic opinetur, rationem subicit, id. Div. 2, 50, 104: [[idcirco]] [[minus]] [[existimo]] te [[nihil]] [[nisi]] summā ratione fecisse, id. Att. 8, 11, D, § 5: [[nunc]] non [[modo]] agendi rationem nullam [[habeo]], sed ne cogitandi [[quidem]], id. Fam. 4, 13, 3: rationes in eā disputatione a te collectae vetabant me rei publicae [[penitus]] diffidere, id. Fam. 5, 13, 3; cf. id. Ac. 2, 36, 116: rationibus conquisitis de voluptate et dolore disputandum putant, id. Fin. 1, 9, 31; cf.: [[quod]] cum disputando rationibusque docuisset, id. Rep. 1, 16, 25: his rationibus tam certis tamque illustribus opponuntur ab his, qui [[contra]] [[disputant]] [[primum]] labores, etc., id. ib. 1, 3, 4 et saep.: num parva [[causa]] aut prava [[ratio]] est? [[reason]], [[excuse]], Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 27.—<br /> <b>(b)</b> In rhet., a showing [[cause]], [[argument]], [[reasoning]] in [[support]] of a [[proposition]]: [[ratio]] est, quae continet causam, quae si sublata [[sit]], [[nihil]] in causā controversiae relinquatur, hoc [[modo]]: [[Orestes]] si accusetur matricidii, [[nisi]] hoc dicat, Jure feci, [[illa]] [[enim]] patrem [[meum]] occiderat, non habet defensionem, Cic. Inv. 1, 13, 18: ad [[propositum]] subjecta [[ratio]], et [[item]] in distributis supposita [[ratio]], id. de Or. 3, 54, 207; cf. Quint. 3, 11, 4; 5, 14, 1; 16; 7, 8, 3.—<br /> <b>c</b> Reasonableness, [[reason]], [[propriety]], [[law]], [[rule]], [[order]], [[conformity]], etc.: in omnibus, quae ratione docentur et via, [[primum]] constituendum est, [[quid]] quidque [[sit]], etc., in a [[reasonable]], [[regular]] [[manner]], Cic. Or. 33, 116; cf.: ut ratione et viā procedat [[oratio]], id. Fin. 1, 9, 29: [[modo]] et ratione aliquid facere ([[along]] [[with]] recte [[atque]] ordine facere), id. Quint. 7, 28; cf.: quae res Nec modum habet [[neque]] [[consilium]], ratione modoque Tractari non vult, Hor. S. 2, 3, 266: [[nihil]] est, [[quod]] ratione et [[numero]] moveri possit [[sine]] consilio, Cic. N. D. 2, 16, 43: intervallis imparibus, sed [[tamen]] pro ratā parte ratione distinctis, divided proportionally by [[rule]], id. Rep. 6, 18, 18; cf.: ex summis et infimis et mediis interjectis ordinibus ut sonis moderatā ratione [[civitas]] concinit, in [[symmetrical]] [[proportion]], id. ib. 2, 42, 69: in quo defuit [[fortasse]] [[ratio]], sed [[tamen]] vincit ipsa rerum publicarum [[natura]] [[saepe]] rationem, [[order]], [[system]], id. ib. 2, 33, 57; 5, 5, 7: [[declinatio]] si cum ratione fiet, [[reasonably]], id. Tusc. 4, 6, 13: [[ratio]] et [[distributio]], a [[reasonable]] [[division]], Q. Cic. Pet. Cons. 1, 1.—<br /> <b>d</b> A [[theory]], [[doctrine]], or [[system]] based [[upon]] [[reason]]; [[science]], and ([[less]] freq.), [[subject]]., [[knowledge]]: erat [[enim]] [[tunc]] haec nova et ignota [[ratio]], solem lunae oppositum solere deficere, Cic. Rep. 1, 16, 25; cf.: nova et a nobis inventa [[ratio]], id. ib. 1, 8, 13; 2, 39, 66: si animum contulisti in istam rationem et [[quasi]] artem, id. ib. 1, 23, 37; cf.: omnes [[tacito]] quodam sensu [[sine]] ullā [[arte]] aut ratione, quae sint in artibus ac rationibus [[recta]] ac prava dijudicant, id. de Or. 3, 50, 195; id. Brut. 74, 258: continet [[enim]] totam hanc quaestionem ea [[ratio]], quae est de naturā deorum, id. Div. 1, 51, 117: Epicuri [[ratio]], quae plerisque notissima est, [[doctrine]], [[system]], [[philosophy]], id. Fin. 1, 5, 13; cf.: Stoicorum [[ratio]] disciplinaque, id. Off. 3, 4, 20: Cynicorum [[ratio]], id. ib. 1, 41, 148; so id. Fin. 3, 20, 68: [[ratio]] vivendi ... [[ratio]] [[civilis]] et [[disciplina]] populorum, the [[art]] of [[living]] ... [[statesmanship]], id. Rep. 3, 3, 4; cf.: [[etiamsi]] cui videbitur [[illa]] in optimis studiis et artibus quieta vitae [[ratio]] beatior, haec [[civilis]] laudabilior est [[certe]] et illustrior, id. ib. 3, 3, 4: improba navigii [[ratio]] tum caeca jacebat, Lucr. 5, 1004: saltationis ac musicae rationis studiosi, Col. prooem. § 3 al.—Subject., [[knowledge]]: si [[qua]] (est in me) [[exercitatio]] dicendi aut si hujus rei [[ratio]] [[aliqua]], ab optimarum artium studiis ac disciplinā profecta, Cic. Arch. 1, 1.—<br /> <b>e</b> A [[view]] or [[opinion]] resting [[upon]] [[reasonable]] grounds: mea sic est [[ratio]], Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 43; cf.: [[inventus]] est [[nemo]], cujus non haec et [[sententia]] esset et [[oratio]], non esse metuendum, etc. ... Haec cum omnes sentirent et cum in eam rationem pro suo [[quisque]] sensu ac dolore loqueretur, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 27, § 68 sq.; and [[with]] this cf. id. Att. 1, 11, 1: cujus [[ratio]] [[etsi]] non valuit, Nep. Milt. 3, 6 ([[just]] [[before]]: hujus cum sententiam plurimi essent secuti).—<br /> <b>f</b> In philos. lang., a [[production]] of [[proof]], argumentation, [[reasoning]]: ([[Epicurus]]) tollit definitiones; [[nihil]] de dividendo ac partiendo docet; non, quo [[modo]] efficiatur concludaturque [[ratio]], tradit, Cic. Fin. 1, 7, 22; cf. id. Div. 2, 10, 25; id. de Or. 2, 38, 158: [[ratio]] ipsa coget, et ex aeternitate quaedam esse vera et ea non esse nexa causis aeternis, etc., id. Fat. 16, 38; cf.: [[ergo]], ubi [[tyrannus]] est, ibi non vitiosam ut [[heri]] dicebam, sed, ut [[nunc]] [[ratio]] cogit, dicendum est, [[plane]] nullam esse rem publicam, id. Rep. 3, 31, 43. | |lshtext=<b>rătĭo</b>: ōnis (abl. rationi, Lucr. 6, 66), f. [[reor]], [[ratus]],<br /><b>I</b> a [[reckoning]], [[account]], [[calculation]], [[computation]].<br /><b>I</b> Lit.<br /> <b>(a)</b> Sing.: Les. Nequaquam argenti [[ratio]] conparet [[tamen]]. Sta. Ratio [[quidem]] [[hercle]] adparet: [[argentum]] οἴχεται,> Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 15 sq.: rationem putare ... [[bene]] [[ratio]] accepti [[atque]] expensi [[inter]] nos convenit, id. Most. 1, 3, 141; 146; cf.: ad calculos vocare amicitiam, ut [[par]] [[sit]] [[ratio]] acceptorum et datorum, Cic. Lael. 16, 58: itur, putatur [[ratio]] cum argentario ... Ubi disputata est [[ratio]] cum argentario, Plaut. Aul. 3, 5, 53 sq.: [[dextera]] digitis rationem computat, id. Mil. 2, 2, 49: magna [[ratio]] C. Verruci, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 77, § 188: [[direptio]] ejus pecuniae, cujus [[ratio]] in aede [[Opis]] confecta est, id. Phil. 5, 6, 16; cf.: quibus in tabulis [[nominatim]], [[ratio]] confecta erat, qui [[numerus]] [[domo]] exisset, etc., ... Quarum omnium rerum [[summa]] erat, etc., Caes. B. G. 1, 29: auri [[ratio]] [[constat]]: [[aurum]] in aerario est, the [[account]] agrees, i. e. is [[correct]], Cic. Fl. 28, 69 (v. [[consto]]): decumo [[post]] mense, ut rationem te dictare [[intellego]], to [[make]] the [[reckoning]], Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 38 (al. ductare): rationem ducere, to [[make]] a [[computation]], to [[compute]], [[calculate]], [[reckon]], Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 52, § 129; so, rationem habere, to [[take]] an [[account]], [[make]] a [[computation]]: omnium proeliorum, Caes. B. C. 3, 53; cf.: hujus [[omnis]] pecuniae conjunctim [[ratio]] habetur, id. B. G. 6, 19; and: piratarum, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 28, § 71: rationem inire, to [[cast]] up, [[reckon]], [[calculate]], Caes. B. G. 7, 71, 4: [[quattuor]] [[minae]] periere, ut [[ratio]] redditur, Plaut. Men. 1, 3, 23; cf.: [[tibi]] ego rationem reddam? id. Aul. 1, 1, 6; id. Trin. 2, 4, 114: rationem referre, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 39, § 98: rationem repetere de pecuniis repetundis, id. Clu. 37, 104: Py. Quanta [[istaec]] hominum [[summa]] est? Ar. Septem millia. Py. Tantum esse [[oportet]]: recte rationem tenes, Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 47 et saep.: drachumae, quas de ratione debuisti, according to the [[account]], id. Trin. 2, 4, 24: grandem (pecuniam) [[quemadmodum]] in rationem inducerent, non videbant, [[how]] [[they]] should [[bring]] it [[into]] [[their]] accounts, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 41, § 106.—<br /> <b>(b)</b> Plur.: rationes putare argentariam, frumentariam, pabuli causā quae parata sunt; rationem vinariam, oleariam, [[quid]] venierit, etc., [[Cato]], R. R. 2, 5: rationes ad aerarium [[continuo]] detuli ... quas rationes si cognoris, intelleges, etc., Cic. Pis. 25, 61: ut rationes cum publicanis putarent, id. Att. 4, 11, 1: rationes a colono accepit, id. Caecin. 32, 94: [[quid]] [[opus]] est? [[inquam]]. Rationes conferatis. Assidunt, subducunt, ad nummum convenit, id. Att. 5, 21, 12: rationes referre ... rationes deferre, id. Fam. 5, 20, 2: Romani pueri longis rationibus assem Discunt in partes [[centum]] diducere, Hor. A. P. 325 et saep.: A RATIONIBVS, an [[accountant]], Inscr. Orell. 1494; 2973; 2986; 4173 et saep. (cf. ab).—<br /> <b>B</b> Transf.<br /> <b>1</b> A [[list]], [[roll]], [[register]] ([[rare]]): [[cedo]] rationem carceris, quae diligentissime conficitur, quo [[quisque]] [[die]] [[datus]] in custodiam, quo [[mortuus]], quo necatus [[sit]], Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 57, § 147: rationes imperii, ab Augusto proponi [[solitas]], sed a Tiberio intermissas, publicavit (sc. Caligula), Suet. Calig. 16 ( = breviarium) totius imperii, id. Aug. 101 fin.: [[rationarium]] imperii, id. ib. 28.—<br /> <b>2</b> A [[sum]], [[number]] ([[rare]]), Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 11: [[nunc]] lenonum et scortorum [[plus]] est [[fere]] Quam [[olim]] muscarum est. Ea nimia est [[ratio]], id. Truc. 1, 1, 49: pro ratione pecuniae liberalius est [[Brutus]] [[tractatus]] [[quam]] [[Pompeius]], Cic. Att. 6, 3, 5; cf. II. B. 1. c. [[infra]].—<br /> <b>3</b> A [[business]] [[matter]], [[transaction]], [[business]]; also, a [[matter]], [[affair]], in gen. (a favorite [[word]] of [[Cicero]]): res rationesque eri Ballionis [[curo]], Plaut. Ps. 2, 2, 31: res rationesque vestrorum omnium, id. Am. prol. 4: re ac ratione cum [[aliquo]] conjunctus, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 70, § 172: de totà illā ratione [[atque]] re Gallicanā [[inter]] se [[multa]] communicare, id. Quint. 4, 15: cum ([[Druides]]) in reliquis [[fere]] rebus, publicis privatisque rationibus, Graecis utantur litteris, Caes. B. G. 6, 14 (metaphrast. πράγμασι): [[ratio]] nummaria, Cic. Att. 10, 11, 2: [[aeraria]] [[ratio]], id. Quint. 4, 15: [[ratio]] domestica ... bellica, id. Off. 1, 22, 76: [[quod]] ad popularem rationem attinet, id. Fam. 1, 2, 4: rationes familiares componere, Tac. A. 6, 16 fin.: [[fori]] judiciique rationem [[Messala]] suscepit, Cic. Rosc. Am. 51, 149; cf.: in explicandis rationibus rerum civilium, id. Rep. 1, 8, 13: rationes civitatis, id. ib. 1, 6, 11: quantos [[aestus]] habet [[ratio]] comitiorum ... [[nihil]] fallacius ratione totā comitiorum, id. Mur. 17, 35: [[propter]] rationem Gallici belli, id. Prov. Cons. 8, 19; so id. ib. 8, 14, 35: ad omnem rationem humanitatis, id. Mur. 31, 66: in hac ratione [[quid]] res, [[quid]] [[causa]], [[quid]] [[tempus]] ferat, tu facillime perspicies, id. Fam. 1, 7, 6 fin.: ad eam rationem existimabam [[satis]] aptam naturam meam, id. Att. 9, 11, A, 1.—<br /> <b>b</b> Pregn.: meae (tuae, etc.) rationes, my ([[thy]], etc.) [[interest]], my ([[thy]], etc.) [[advantage]] (cf. in Engl. to [[find]] one's [[account]] in [[any]] [[thing]]): me ad ejus rationes adjungo, quem tu in meis rationibus [[tibi]] esse adjungendum putasti, Cic. Fam. 1, 8, 2; cf.: [[exemplum]] meis alienissimum rationibus, id. Corn. Fragm. 1, 7 B. and K.: consideres, [[quid]] tuae rationes postulent, Sall. C. 44, 5: servitia repudiabat ... alienum suis rationibus existimans videri causam civium cum servis fugitivis communicasse, [[inconsistent]] [[with]] his [[policy]] or interests, id. ib. 56, 5: si meas rationes [[unquam]] vestrae saluti anteposuissem, Cic. Red. ad Quir. 1, 1.<br /><b>II</b> Trop., a [[reckoning]], [[account]], [[computation]]: [[postquam]] hanc rationem cordi ventrique edidi, presented this [[reckoning]], Plaut. Aul. 2, 7, 12: [[itidem]] hic ut Acheronti [[ratio]] accepti scribitur, i.e. things are taken [[only]], [[nothing]] is given [[back]], id. Truc. 4, 2, 36: [[nomen]] (comoediae) jam habetis, [[nunc]] rationes ceteras Accipite, an [[account]] of the [[rest]], id. Poen. prol. 55; cf.: [[census]] [[quom]] [[sum]], juratori recte rationem dedi, id. Trin. 4, 2, 30; so, rationem [[dare]], for the [[more]] [[usual]] rationem reddere, Varr. L. L. 6, § 86 Müll.; Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 36, § 92 Zumpt: (argentarii) ratione utuntur, [[make]] a [[reckoning]], [[settle]] up, Plaut. Cas. prol. 27: cum eam [[mecum]] rationem [[puto]], go [[into]] [[that]] [[calculation]], [[think]] [[over]] the [[matter]], id. ib. 3, 2, 25; cf.: [[frustra]] [[egomet]] [[mecum]] has rationes [[puto]], Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 54: ([[Medea]] et [[Atreus]]) inita subductaque ratione nefaria scelera meditantes, Cic. N. D. 3, 29, 71: [[quod]] [[posteaquam]] [[iste]] cognovit hanc rationem habere coepit, to [[make]] the [[following]] [[calculation]], [[reflection]], id. Verr. 2, 5, 39, § 101; cf.: totius rei [[consilium]] his rationibus explicavit, ut si, etc., ... si, etc., ... [[sin]], etc., drew the [[plan]] of the [[whole]] [[undertaking]] according to the [[following]] [[calculation]], [[that]] if, etc., Caes. B. C. 3, 78; and herewith cf.: rationem consilii mei accipite, id. ib. 3, 86: ut habere rationem possis, quo [[loco]] me convenias, etc., [[that]] [[you]] [[may]] [[calculate]], Cic. Fam. 3, 6, 6: [[semper]] ita vivamus, ut rationem reddendam nobis arbitremur, id. Verr. 2, 2, 11, § 28; cf.: [[nihil]] est, [[quod]] [[minus]] ferendum [[sit]], [[quam]] rationem ab altero vitae reposcere eum, qui non possit suae reddere, id. Div. in Caecil. 9, 28; and [[with]] this cf.: si gravius [[quid]] acciderit, abs te rationem reposcent, [[will]] [[call]] [[you]] to [[account]], Caes. B. G. 5, 30: clarorum virorum [[atque]] magnorum non [[minus]] otii, [[quam]] negotii rationem exstare oportere, an [[account]] [[must]] be [[capable]] of [[being]] given, [[Cato]] ap. Cic. Planc. 27, 66: tam otii [[quam]] negotii rationem reddere majores censuisse, Col. 11 fin.: eam condicionem esse imperandi, ut non [[aliter]] [[ratio]] constet, [[quam]] si uni reddatur, [[that]] the [[account]] is not [[correct]] [[unless]], etc., Tac. A. 1, 6 fin.: mirum est [[quam]] singulis diebus in urbe [[ratio]] aut constet aut constare videatur, Plin. Ep. 1, 9, 1; 1, 5, 16 et saep.; cf. Just. praef. 5.—<br /> <b>B</b> Transf.<br /> <b>1</b> Relation, [[reference]], [[respect]] to a [[thing]]: (agricolae) habent rationem cum terrā, quae [[nunquam]] recusat [[imperium]], [[have]] an [[account]], [[have]] to do, [[have]] [[dealings]] [[with]] the [[earth]], Cic. Sen. 15, 51; cf.: ubi [[ratio]] cum Orco habetur, Varr. R. R. 1, 4, 3; for [[which]]: ubi [[sit]] cum Orco [[ratio]] ponenda, Col. 1, 3, 2: cum omnibus Musis rationem habere [[cogito]], Cic. Att. 2, 5, 2: cum hac (muliere) aliquid adulescentem hominem habuisse rationis, id. Cael. 20, 50; cf. id. Verr. 2, 2, 77, § 190. omnes, quibuscum [[ratio]] huic aut est aut fuit, assunt, defendunt, id. Quint. 23, 75; cf.. quae [[ratio]] [[tibi]] cum eo intercesserat? id. Rosc. Com. 14, 41: pacis [[vero]] quae potest esse cum eo [[ratio]], in quo est [[incredibilis]] [[crudelitas]], [[fides]] nulla? id. Phil. 4, 6, 14: [[quod]] si habenda cum M. Antonii latrocinio pacis [[ratio]] fuit, etc., id. ib. 12, 7, 17: fontes ad nostrorum annalium rationem veteres, ad ipsorum [[sane]] recentes, in [[respect]] to [[our]] [[annals]], id. Brut. 13, 49.—<br /> <b>b</b> Pregn., a [[respect]], [[regard]], [[concern]], [[consideration]], [[care]] for a [[thing]] (usu. in the [[connection]] habere and ducere alicujus rei rationem): ad hanc rationem [[quoniam]] maximam vim [[natura]] habet, [[fortuna]] proximam: utriusque [[omnino]] habenda [[ratio]] est in deligendo genere vitae, Cic. Off. 1, 33, 120: quorum (civium Romanorum) nobis pro vestrā sapientiā, [[Quirites]], habenda est [[ratio]] [[diligenter]], id. Imp. Pomp. 7, 17: (deos) piorum et impiorum habere rationem, id. Leg. 2, 7, 15: cujus absentis rationem haberi proximis comitiis [[populus]] jussisset, Caes. B. C. 1, 9; so, absentis, id. ib. 1, 32; 3, 82 fin.: sauciorum et aegrorum habitā ratione, id. ib. 3, 75: moneret, frumenti rationem esse habendam, Hirt. B. G. 8, 34; so (al. frumentandi), rationem habere, Caes. B. G. 7, 75 Oud.; cf. id. ib. 7, 71: alicujus vel dignitatis vel commodi rationem non habere, Cic. de Or. 2, 4, 17: ut summae rei publicae rationem habeamus, [[Pompeius]] ap. Cic. Att. 8, 12, c, 3: alicujus salutis rationem habere, i. e. to [[regard]], [[care]] for, be concerned [[about]], Caes. B. G. 7, 71; so id. B. C. 1, 20: turpissimae fugae rationem habere, id. ib. 2, 31: ut in ceteris habenda [[ratio]] non sui [[solum]] sed [[etiam]] aliorum, sic, etc., Cic. Off. 1, 39, 139: [[proinde]] habeat rationem posteritatis et periculi sui, Caes. B. C. 1, 13: habere [[nunc]] se rationem officii pro beneficiis Caesaris, id. B. G. 5, 27: non ullius rationem sui commodi ducit, Cic. Rosc. Am. 44, 128: cum hujusce periculi tum ceterorum [[quoque]] officiorum et amicitiarum [[ratio]], id. Clu. 42, 117: [[omnis]] hac in re habenda [[ratio]] et [[diligentia]] est, ut, etc., id. Lael. 24, 89; cf.: didici ex tuis litteris, te omnibus in rebus habuisse rationem, ut mihi consuleres, id. Fam. 3, 5, 1: [[habeo]] rationem, [[quid]] a [[populo]] Romano acceperim, [[bring]] [[into]] [[consideration]], [[consider]], id. Verr. 2, 5, 14, § 36: ut habere rationem possis, quo [[loco]] me salvā lege Corneliā convenias, ego veni, etc., id. Fam. 3, 6, 6: [[neque]] illud rationis habuisti, eam provinciam ad summam stultitiam nequitiamque venisse, id. Verr. 2, 5, 15, § 38; cf.: hoc rationis habebant, facere eos nullo [[modo]] posse, ut, etc., id. ib. 2, 2, 29, § 70.—<br /> <b>c</b> Relation to a [[thing]], i. e.<br /> <b>(a)</b> Subject., [[course]], [[conduct]], [[procedure]], [[mode]], [[manner]], [[method]], [[fashion]], [[plan]], etc. (cf. [[consilium]]): [[nunc]] sic rationem incipissam, hanc instituam astutiam, ut, etc., Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 82; cf. id. ib. 3, 1, 175 sqq.: ubi cenas hodic, si hanc rationem instituis? Plaut. Stich. 3, 1, 26; id. Truc. 1, 1, 3: tua [[ratio]] est, ut [[secundum]] binos ludos mihi respondere incipias: mea, ut [[ante]] primos ludos comperendinem. Ita fiet, ut tua ista [[ratio]] existimetur astuta, [[meum]] hoc [[consilium]] necessarium, Cic. Verr. 1, 11, 34; cf.: [[ratio]] viaque defensionis, id. Verr. 2, 5, 1, § 4: [[itaque]] in [[praesentia]] [[Pompeii]] insequendi rationem omittit, Caes. B. C. 1, 30: mea [[autem]] [[ratio]] in dicendo haec esse solet, ut, etc., Cic. de Or. 2, 72, 292: haec in philosophiā [[ratio]] [[contra]] omnia disserendi, id. N. D. 1, 5, 11: dicendi, id. Or. 32, 114; id. de Or. 3, 15, 56; cf.: [[aliquot]] [[ante]] annis inita [[ratio]] est, ut, etc., id. Rep. 2, 36, 61: ut, quo [[primum]] occurreretur, vix [[ratio]] iniri possit, Caes. B. G. 7, 24: [[quia]] reponendarum (tegularum) [[nemo]] [[artifex]] inire rationem potuerit, Liv. 42, 3 fin.—In plur.: hoc aditu laudis non mea me [[voluntas]] sed meae vitae rationes ab ineunte aetate susceptae prohibuerunt, [[plan]] of [[life]], Cic. Imp. Pomp. 1, 1: de rationibus rerum publicarum aut constituendarum aut tuendarum, id. Rep. 1, 6, 11.—<br /> <b>(b)</b> Object., [[relation]], [[condition]], [[nature]], [[kind]], [[sort]], [[fashion]], [[way]], etc. (cf. [[modus]]): sed [[ratio]] ordoque agminis [[aliter]] se habebat ac [[Belgae]] ad Nervios detulerant, Caes. B. G. 2, 19; cf.: ut rei [[militaris]] [[ratio]] [[atque]] [[ordo]] postulabat, id. ib. 2, 22; so, rei [[militaris]], id. ib. 4, 23: [[ratio]] [[atque]] [[usus]] belli, the [[art]] and [[practice]] of [[war]], id. ib. 4, 1; id. B. C. 1, 76 fin.; 2, 18; 3, 17 et saep. al.; cf.: novae rationes bellandi, id. ib. 3, 50: [[ratio]] equestris proelii, id. B. G. 5, 16: quorum operum haec erat [[ratio]], etc., id. B. C. 1, 25; cf.: rationem pontis hanc instituit; tigna bina, etc., id. B. G. 4, 17: serpit per omnium vitas [[amicitia]], nec ullam aetatis degendae rationem patitur esse expertem sui, Cic. Lael. 23, 87; cf.: ita [[ratio]] comparata est vitae naturaeque nostrae, ut, etc., id. ib. 27, 101; id. Ac. 2, 43, 132: [[civitas]] (Platonis) non quae possit esse, sed in quā [[ratio]] rerum civilium perspici posset, id. Rep. 2, 30, 52 init.; cf.: reliqui disseruerunt de generibus et de rationibus civitatum, id. ib. 2, 11, 22; 1, 8, 13: [[quam]] creberrimis litteris faciam ut [[tibi]] [[nota]] [[sit]] [[omnis]] [[ratio]] dierum [[atque]] itinerum meorum, id. Fam. 3, 5, 4: [[quoniam]] [[eadem]] est [[ratio]] juris in [[utroque]], id. Rep. 3, 12, 21; cf.: haec [[eadem]] [[ratio]] est in summā totius Galliae, Caes. B. G. 6, 11 fin.: ab nostris [[eadem]] ratione, quā [[pridie]], resistitur, id. ib. 5, 40; id. B. C. 3, 100; cf. id. ib. 3, 101: docet, [[longe]] aliā ratione esse [[bellum]] gerendum [[atque]] [[antea]] [[sit]] gestum, id. B. G. 7, 14: hoc si Romae fieri posset, [[certe]] aliquā ratione expugnasset [[iste]], Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 52, § 130: [[quid]] [[refert]], quā me ratione cogatis? id. Lael. 8, 26: [[quod]] fuit illis conandum [[atque]] omni ratione efficiendum, Caes. B. C. 1, 65 fin.; 1, 67 fin.: simili ratione [[Pompeius]] in suis castris consedit, id. ib. 3, 76: [[auxilium]] ferri nullā ratione poterat, id. ib. 1, 70: nec quibus rationibus superare possent, sed quem ad modum uti victoriā deberent, cogitabant, id. ib. 3, 83 fin.; 3, 58; 3, 18 fin. et saep.—<br /> <b>(g)</b> With gen. of a subst. in [[circumlocution]] for the subst. itself (v. Zumpt, Gram. § 678): [[vereor]] ne [[oratio]] mea alienā ab judiciorum ratione esse videatur, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 49, § 109: [[multa]] [[autem]] [[propter]] rationem brevitatis praetermittenda, id. ib. 2, 1, 40, § 103: quantas perturbationes et quantos [[aestus]] habet [[ratio]] comitiorum? id. Mur. 17, 35: [[nihil]] fallacius ratione totā comitiorum, id. ib. 17, 36: praedicere tempestatum rationem et praedonum, id. ib. 2, 4: tota [[ratio]] talium largitionum genere vitiosa est, id. Off. 2, 17, 60.—<br /> <b>2</b> Pregn., [[that]] [[faculty]] of the [[mind]] [[which]] forms the [[basis]] of [[computation]] and [[calculation]], and [[hence]] of [[mental]] [[action]] in [[general]], i. e. [[judgment]], [[understanding]], [[reason]]: [[duplex]] est vis animorum [[atque]] [[natura]]: una [[pars]] in appetitu posita est, quae est ὁρμὴ> [[Graece]], quae hominem huc et [[illuc]] rapit; altera in ratione, quae docet et explanat, [[quid]] faciendum, [[quid]] fugiendum [[sit]]. Ita [[fit]], ut [[ratio]] praesit, [[appetitus]] obtemperet, Cic. Off. 1, 28, 101: [[homo]], [[quod]] rationis est [[particeps]], per [[quam]] [[consequentia]] cernit, causas rerum videt earumque [[progressus]] et [[quasi]] antecessiones non ignorat, similitudines comparat rebusque praesentibus adjungit [[atque]] annectit futuras, [[facile]] totius vitae cursum videt ad eamque degendam praeparat res necessarias. Eademque [[natura]] vi rationis hominem concilia homini et ad orationis et ad vitae societatem, etc., id. ib. 1, 4, 11 sq.: [[haud]] [[scio]], an [[melius]] fuerit, [[humano]] generi motum istum celerem cogitationis, [[acumen]], sollertiam, [[quam]] rationem vocamus, non dari [[omnino]] [[quam]] tam [[munifice]] et tam [[large]] dari, etc., id. N. D. 2, 27, 69: lex est [[ratio]] [[summa]], insita in naturā, quae jubet ea, quae facienda sunt, prohibetque contraria. Eadem [[ratio]], cum est in hominis mente confirmata et confecta, lex est, id. Leg. 1, 6, 18: ut, quos [[ratio]] non posset, eos ad [[officium]] [[religio]] duceret, id. N. D. 1, 42, 118: [[mens]] et [[ratio]] et [[consilium]] in senibus est, id. Sen. 19, 67; cf. Liv. 28, 28: si [[pudor]] quaeritur, si [[probitas]], si [[fides]], [[Mancinus]] haec attulit, si [[ratio]], [[consilium]], [[prudentia]], [[Pompeius]] antistat, Cic. Rep. 3, 18, 28; cf. id. Quint. 16, 53; and: si [[ratio]] et [[prudentia]] curas aufert, Hor. Ep. 1, 11, 25: quibus in rebus [[temeritas]] et [[casus]], non [[ratio]] nec [[consilium]] valet, Cic. Div. 2, 41, 85; cf.: [[illa]] de urbis situ revoces ad rationem quae a Romulo casu aut [[necessitate]] facta sunt, id. Rep. 2, 11, 22; and: [[moneo]] ut agentem te [[ratio]] ducat, non [[fortuna]], Liv. 22, 39 fin.: [[mulier]] abundat audaciā; consilio et ratione deficitur, Cic. Clu. 65, 184: Ariovistum [[magis]] ratione et consilio [[quam]] virtute vicisse. Cui rationi [[contra]] homines barbaros [[locus]] fuisset, etc., Caes. B. G. 1, 40: [[arma]] [[amens]] [[capio]]; nec sat rationis in armis, Verg. A. 2, 314: rationis [[egens]], id. ib. 8, 299 et saep.: [[iracundia]] dissidens a ratione, Cic. Rep. 1, 38, 60: majora [[quam]] hominum [[ratio]] consequi possit, id. ib. 1, 10, 15: [[quantum]] ratione provideri poterat, Caes. B. G. 7, 16 fin.: quantumque in ratione esset, exploratum habuit, Hirt. B. G. 8, 6 init.: nec majore ratione [[bellum]] administrari posse, Caes. B. C. 7, 21: minari divisoribus [[ratio]] non erat, it [[was]] not [[reasonable]], [[was]] [[contrary]] to [[reason]], Cic. Verr. 1, 9, 24; so, nulla [[ratio]] est, [[with]] an objectclause, id. Caecin. 5, 15; so, [[too]], [[minime]] rationis est, Col. 3, 5, 3; cf. [[with]] dat.: [[Vitellianus]] exercitús, cui acquiescere Cremonae [[ratio]] fuit, [[which]], as [[reason]] dictated, [[ought]] to [[have]] rested at [[Cremona]], Tac. H. 3, 22: [[quod]] domi te inclusisti, ratione fecisti, [[reasonably]], [[sensibly]], [[judiciously]], Cic. Att. 12, 14, 3.—<br /> <b>b</b> The [[reasonable]] [[cause]] of a [[thing]], a [[ground]], [[motive]], [[reason]]: [[ratio]] est [[causa]], quae demonstrat, [[verum]] esse id, [[quod]] intendimus, brevi subjectione. Rationis [[confirmatio]] est ea, quae pluribus argumentis corroborat [[breviter]] expositam rationem, Auct. Her. 2, 18, 28: [[quid]] [[tandem]] habuit argumenti aut rationis res, [[quamobrem]], etc., Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 47, § 115; cf.: nostra confirmare argumentis ac rationibus: [[deinde]] contraria refutare, id. de Or. 2, 19, 80: noverit [[orator]] argumentorum et rationum locos, id. Or. 14, 44 (v. also [[argumentum]]): si mei consilii causam rationemque cognoverit, id. Div. in Caecil. 1, 1; cf.: ad eam sententiam cum reliquis causis haec [[quoque]] [[ratio]] eos deduxit, [[quod]], etc., Caes. B. G. 2, 10 fin.: [[quam]] habet rationem, non [[quaero]] aequitatis, sed ipsius improbitatis [[atque]] impudentiae? ... facti, si non bonam, at [[aliquam]] rationem afferre, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 85, § 196; cf.: [[deinde]] [[nihil]] rationis affert, [[quamobrem]], etc., id. Caecin. 33, 96: non deest hoc [[loco]] [[copia]] rationum, quibus docere velitis, humanas esse formas deorum: [[primum]] [[quod]], etc. ... [[deinde]] [[quod]], etc. ... tertiam rationem affertis, [[quod]], etc., id. N. D. 1, 27, 76: et [[quidem]], [[cur]] sic opinetur, rationem subicit, id. Div. 2, 50, 104: [[idcirco]] [[minus]] [[existimo]] te [[nihil]] [[nisi]] summā ratione fecisse, id. Att. 8, 11, D, § 5: [[nunc]] non [[modo]] agendi rationem nullam [[habeo]], sed ne cogitandi [[quidem]], id. Fam. 4, 13, 3: rationes in eā disputatione a te collectae vetabant me rei publicae [[penitus]] diffidere, id. Fam. 5, 13, 3; cf. id. Ac. 2, 36, 116: rationibus conquisitis de voluptate et dolore disputandum putant, id. Fin. 1, 9, 31; cf.: [[quod]] cum disputando rationibusque docuisset, id. Rep. 1, 16, 25: his rationibus tam certis tamque illustribus opponuntur ab his, qui [[contra]] [[disputant]] [[primum]] labores, etc., id. ib. 1, 3, 4 et saep.: num parva [[causa]] aut prava [[ratio]] est? [[reason]], [[excuse]], Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 27.—<br /> <b>(b)</b> In rhet., a showing [[cause]], [[argument]], [[reasoning]] in [[support]] of a [[proposition]]: [[ratio]] est, quae continet causam, quae si sublata [[sit]], [[nihil]] in causā controversiae relinquatur, hoc [[modo]]: [[Orestes]] si accusetur matricidii, [[nisi]] hoc dicat, Jure feci, [[illa]] [[enim]] patrem [[meum]] occiderat, non habet defensionem, Cic. Inv. 1, 13, 18: ad [[propositum]] subjecta [[ratio]], et [[item]] in distributis supposita [[ratio]], id. de Or. 3, 54, 207; cf. Quint. 3, 11, 4; 5, 14, 1; 16; 7, 8, 3.—<br /> <b>c</b> Reasonableness, [[reason]], [[propriety]], [[law]], [[rule]], [[order]], [[conformity]], etc.: in omnibus, quae ratione docentur et via, [[primum]] constituendum est, [[quid]] quidque [[sit]], etc., in a [[reasonable]], [[regular]] [[manner]], Cic. Or. 33, 116; cf.: ut ratione et viā procedat [[oratio]], id. Fin. 1, 9, 29: [[modo]] et ratione aliquid facere ([[along]] [[with]] recte [[atque]] ordine facere), id. Quint. 7, 28; cf.: quae res Nec modum habet [[neque]] [[consilium]], ratione modoque Tractari non vult, Hor. S. 2, 3, 266: [[nihil]] est, [[quod]] ratione et [[numero]] moveri possit [[sine]] consilio, Cic. N. D. 2, 16, 43: intervallis imparibus, sed [[tamen]] pro ratā parte ratione distinctis, divided proportionally by [[rule]], id. Rep. 6, 18, 18; cf.: ex summis et infimis et mediis interjectis ordinibus ut sonis moderatā ratione [[civitas]] concinit, in [[symmetrical]] [[proportion]], id. ib. 2, 42, 69: in quo defuit [[fortasse]] [[ratio]], sed [[tamen]] vincit ipsa rerum publicarum [[natura]] [[saepe]] rationem, [[order]], [[system]], id. ib. 2, 33, 57; 5, 5, 7: [[declinatio]] si cum ratione fiet, [[reasonably]], id. Tusc. 4, 6, 13: [[ratio]] et [[distributio]], a [[reasonable]] [[division]], Q. Cic. Pet. Cons. 1, 1.—<br /> <b>d</b> A [[theory]], [[doctrine]], or [[system]] based [[upon]] [[reason]]; [[science]], and ([[less]] freq.), [[subject]]., [[knowledge]]: erat [[enim]] [[tunc]] haec nova et ignota [[ratio]], solem lunae oppositum solere deficere, Cic. Rep. 1, 16, 25; cf.: nova et a nobis inventa [[ratio]], id. ib. 1, 8, 13; 2, 39, 66: si animum contulisti in istam rationem et [[quasi]] artem, id. ib. 1, 23, 37; cf.: omnes [[tacito]] quodam sensu [[sine]] ullā [[arte]] aut ratione, quae sint in artibus ac rationibus [[recta]] ac prava dijudicant, id. de Or. 3, 50, 195; id. Brut. 74, 258: continet [[enim]] totam hanc quaestionem ea [[ratio]], quae est de naturā deorum, id. Div. 1, 51, 117: Epicuri [[ratio]], quae plerisque notissima est, [[doctrine]], [[system]], [[philosophy]], id. Fin. 1, 5, 13; cf.: Stoicorum [[ratio]] disciplinaque, id. Off. 3, 4, 20: Cynicorum [[ratio]], id. ib. 1, 41, 148; so id. Fin. 3, 20, 68: [[ratio]] vivendi ... [[ratio]] [[civilis]] et [[disciplina]] populorum, the [[art]] of [[living]] ... [[statesmanship]], id. Rep. 3, 3, 4; cf.: [[etiamsi]] cui videbitur [[illa]] in optimis studiis et artibus quieta vitae [[ratio]] beatior, haec [[civilis]] laudabilior est [[certe]] et illustrior, id. ib. 3, 3, 4: improba navigii [[ratio]] tum caeca jacebat, Lucr. 5, 1004: saltationis ac musicae rationis studiosi, Col. prooem. § 3 al.—Subject., [[knowledge]]: si [[qua]] (est in me) [[exercitatio]] dicendi aut si hujus rei [[ratio]] [[aliqua]], ab optimarum artium studiis ac disciplinā profecta, Cic. Arch. 1, 1.—<br /> <b>e</b> A [[view]] or [[opinion]] resting [[upon]] [[reasonable]] grounds: mea sic est [[ratio]], Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 43; cf.: [[inventus]] est [[nemo]], cujus non haec et [[sententia]] esset et [[oratio]], non esse metuendum, etc. ... Haec cum omnes sentirent et cum in eam rationem pro suo [[quisque]] sensu ac dolore loqueretur, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 27, § 68 sq.; and [[with]] this cf. id. Att. 1, 11, 1: cujus [[ratio]] [[etsi]] non valuit, Nep. Milt. 3, 6 ([[just]] [[before]]: hujus cum sententiam plurimi essent secuti).—<br /> <b>f</b> In philos. lang., a [[production]] of [[proof]], argumentation, [[reasoning]]: ([[Epicurus]]) tollit definitiones; [[nihil]] de dividendo ac partiendo docet; non, quo [[modo]] efficiatur concludaturque [[ratio]], tradit, Cic. Fin. 1, 7, 22; cf. id. Div. 2, 10, 25; id. de Or. 2, 38, 158: [[ratio]] ipsa coget, et ex aeternitate quaedam esse vera et ea non esse nexa causis aeternis, etc., id. Fat. 16, 38; cf.: [[ergo]], ubi [[tyrannus]] est, ibi non vitiosam ut [[heri]] dicebam, sed, ut [[nunc]] [[ratio]] cogit, dicendum est, [[plane]] nullam esse rem publicam, id. Rep. 3, 31, 43. | ||
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|gf=<b>rătĭō</b>,⁵ ōnis, f. ([[reor]]).<br /> <b>I</b><br /> <b>A</b><br /><b>1</b> calcul, supputation : digitis rationem computare Pl. Mil. 204, compter sur ses doigts ; rationem [[puta]] Pl. Most. 297, [[compte]], calcule ; ratione inita Cæs. G. 7, 71, 4, le calcul fait, tout [[compte]] fait ; [fig.] [[vix]] [[ratio]] iniri potest Cæs. G. 7, 24, 4 ; Liv. 29, 17, 19, c’[[est]] à peine possible de calculer (de déterminer)...; [fig.] subducta utilitatis ratione Cic. Fin. 2, 78, en faisant le calcul de l’intérêt ; rationem ducere Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 129, calculer, supputer ; pl., rationibus subductis Cic. Fam. 1, 9, 10, après avoir établi mes calculs ; [fig.] periculi [[sui]] rationes Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 105, les calculs de ses risques || résultat du calcul, évaluation, chiffre : istæc [[ratio]] maxumast Pl. Trin. 413, c’[[est]] là le [[plus]] gros chiffre ; ad mensuræ exiguam rationem Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 215, selon une faible évaluation de la mesure, selon une mesure chichement établie ; ad [[nostrorum]] annalium rationem Cic. Br. 49, par rapport à l’évaluation de [[nos]] annales, par rapport au chiffre de [[nos]] années d’existence historique [cf. ut populi [[Romani]] ætas [[est]] Cic. Br. 39, par rapport à l’âge du peuple romain] ; [[pro]] ratione pecuniæ Cic. Att. 6, 3, 5, vu l’évaluation de la somme, vu le chiffre || [fig.] ad meam rationem Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 13, par rapport à moi ; ad antiquæ religionis rationem Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 10, par rapport aux scrupules d’autrefois<br /><b>2</b> [[compte]] : <b> a)</b> putatur [[ratio]] cum argentario... ; [[ubi]] disputatast [[ratio]] cum argentario Pl. Aul. 527 ; 529, on fait le [[compte]] avec le banquier... ; quand on s’[[est]] [[mis]] d’accord sur le [[compte]] avec le banquier ; [[bene]] [[ratio]] accepti [[atque]] expensi [[inter]] [[nos]] convenit Pl. Most. 304, nous avons des comptes de recettes et dépenses qui se balancent exactement ; ut par sit [[ratio]] acceptorum et datorum Cic. Læl. 59, pour que la balance soit égale entre le reçu et le donné ; rationem et numerum habere Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 71, avoir le [[compte]] et le chiffre exacts ; habebant rationem [[quotidie]] piratarum Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 71, ils tenaient un [[compte]] journalier des pirates, cf. Cæs. G. 6, 19, 2 ; C. 3, 53, 1 ; quibus in tabulis [[nominatim]] [[ratio]] confecta erat, qui [[numerus]] [[domo]] exisset Cæs. G. 1, 29, 1, sur ces registres était consigné un [[compte]] nominatif de tous ceux qui avaient émigré, cf. Cic. Phil. 5, 16 ; rationem reddere Pl. Men. 206 ; Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 140, rendre, remettre un [[compte]], ou referre Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 98 ; pecuniam in rationem inducere Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 106, porter une somme en [[compte]] || pl., rationes referre Cic. Fam. 5, 20, 1 ; conferre Cic. Fam. 5, 20, 2 ; conficere Cic. Att. 6, 7, 2, rendre, remettre des comptes ; les rapprocher, les collationner, les dresser ; les arrêter d’une manière définitive ; deponere Cic. Fam. 5, 20, 2 ; relinquere Cic. Att. 6, 7, 2, déposer ses comptes [en parl. du magistrat qui quitte sa prov.], les laisser [dans les deux principales villes de la province : Cic. Fam. 5, 20, 2 ] ; rationes [[totidem]] verbis referre ad ærarium Cic. Fam. 5, 20, 2, remettre au trésor une copie textuelle de ses comptes ; v. putare ; rationes societatis Cic. Quinct. 19, les comptes d’une société ; <b> b)</b> [sens concret] registre, rôle : [[ratio]] carceris Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 147, le registre d’écrou ; <b> c)</b> [fig.] rationem reddere alicujus [[rei]] Cic. Cæc. 28 ; de [[aliqua]] re Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 141, rendre [[compte]] de qqch. ; ab [[aliquo]] rationem reposcere Cæs. G. 5, 30, 2, réclamer des comptes à qqn ; ut habere rationem possis, [[quo]] [[loco]] me... convenias Cic. Fam. 3, 6, 6, pour que tu puisses calculer l’endroit où me joindre... ; clarorum virorum [[non]] [[minus]] otii [[quam]] negotii rationem exstare oportere Cic. Planc. 66, [ce mot de Caton] que les grands hommes doivent produire le [[compte]] (la justification) aussi bien de leurs loisirs que de leurs occupations ; petitionis tuæ [[ratio]] [[mihi]] [[semper]] fuit explorata Cic. Fam. 15, 13, 1, j’ai toujours considéré le [[compte]] de ta candidature comme réglé [le succès assuré] ; [[non]] habet explicatam [[aut]] exploratam rationem [[salutis]] suæ Cic. Fam. 6, 1, 2, l’affaire de son salut n’[[est]] pas mise au net pour lui ni assurée ; corporis [[bona]] facilem quamdam rationem habere censebant Cic. Fin. 4, 19, les biens du corps, selon eux, comportaient un règlement [[facile]] [question [[facile]] à résoudre].<br /> <b>B</b> [sens dérivés] :<br /><b>1</b> [[compte]] des opérations que l’on fait avec qqn, [d’où] relations commerciales, d’intérêts : <b> a)</b> magnæ pecuniæ rationem habere cum [[aliquo]] Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 187, être en [[compte]] avec qqn pour des sommes importantes ; istos [[inter]] se [[non]] [[res]], [[non]] [[ratio]] conjunxit Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 22, ces individus furent unis entre eux [[non]] point par les affaires, [[non]] point par les comptes, cf. Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 172 ; 5, 8 ; Pl. Amph. 4 ; Ps. 626 ; de tota [[illa]] ratione [[atque]] re Gallicana Cic. Quinct. 15, sur tout ce qui concernait ces opérations et ces propriétés de Gaule ; omnes, quibuscum [[ratio]] [[huic]] [[aut]] [[est]] [[aut]] fuit Cic. Quinct. 75, tous ceux avec qui il [[est]] ou a été en relations d’affaires ; quæ [[ratio]] [[tibi]] cum eo intercesserat ? Cic. Com. 41, quel [[compte]] était intervenu entre lui et toi ? cf. Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 188 ; magna ratione cum [[aliquo]] contracta Cic. [[Sulla]] 56, un grand [[compte]] étant à régler avec qqn ; hæc [[ratio]] pecuniarum Cic. Pomp. 19, ces comptes d’argent, ce mouvement d’argent ; <b> b)</b> [fig.] agricolæ habent rationem cum [[terra]] Cic. CM 51, les laboureurs sont en affaires avec le [[sol]], ont affaire au [[sol]] ; cum omnibus Musis rationem habere Cic. Att. 2, 5, 2, nouer des relations, entrer en commerce avec toutes les Muses, cf. Cic. Cæl. 50 ; [[pacis]] quæ potest [[esse]] cum eo [[ratio]] ? Cic. Phil. 4, 14, quels rapports la paix peut-elle avoir avec lui ? cf. Cic. Phil. 12, 17 ; <b> c)</b> [en gén.] affaires, intérêts : publicani suas rationes et copias in illam provinciam contulerunt Cic. Pomp. 17, les publicains ont transporté dans [[cette]] province leurs intérêts et leurs ressources ; [[non]] [[est]] alienum meis rationibus istum... reservari Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 173, il n’[[est]] pas contraire à mes intérêts que cet homme soit réservé à... ; cf. Cic. Fam. 3, 10, 5<br /><b>2</b> calcul, [[compte]] = considération, égard : rationem alicujus [[rei]] ducere Cic. Amer. 128, tenir [[compte]] de qqch., cf. Cic. Cæcil. 16 ; Quinct. 53 ; Fam. 7, 3, 1 ; [[duxi]] meam rationem Cic. Att. 8, 11 d, 7, j’ai tenu [[compte]] de moi, de mes intérêts, cf. Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 126 ; valetudinis, [[rei]] [[familiaris]] habere rationem Cic. Fin. 5, 48, tenir [[compte]] de sa santé, de son patrimoine ; habuit victoriæ rationem, habuit humanitatis Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 120, il tint [[compte]] de... = il fit la part de la victoire, la part de l’humanité ; sauciorum et ægrorum habita ratione Cæs. C. 3, 75, 1, en tenant [[compte]] des..., en ayant égard aux blessés et aux malades ; hanc rationem habere Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 101 = hujus [[rei]] rationem, tenir [[compte]] de cela, réfléchir à cela ; [[habeo]] rationem [[quid]]... acceperim Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 36, je me rends [[compte]] de la mission que j’ai reçue...; [[neque]] [[illud]] rationis habuisti prop. inf. Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 38, tu n’as pas pris en considération que..., cf. Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 70 ; habuisti rationem, ut [[mihi]] consuleres Cic. Fam. 3, 5, 1, tu as pris en considération (de veiller à mes intérêts) le soin de mes intérêts || occurrebat [[illa]] [[ratio]] : [[quid]] Cleomene fiet ? Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 104, à sa pensée se présentait ce calcul (ces considérations, réflexions) : quel [[sera]] le sort de Cléomène ? [[similis]] [[ratio]] pudoris Cic. Cæc. 77, la même considération de pudeur ; præcipere tempestatum rationem et prædonum et locorum Cic. Mur. 4, enseigner la considération de = recommander d’avoir égard aux tempêtes, aux pirates, aux passages dangereux ; [[propter]] rationem brevitatis Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 103, en considération de la brièveté ; [[propter]] ærariam rationem Cic. Quinct. 17, parce qu’il fallait tenir [[compte]] de la monnaie [de la différence des monnaies]<br /><b>3</b> système, procédé, méthode, plan, etc. : tua [[ratio]] [[est]], ut Cic. Verr. 1, 1, 34, ta méthode [[est]] de..., cf. Cic. de Or. 2, 292 ; inita [[ratio]] [[est]], ut Cic. Rep. 2, 61, on inaugura un nouveau système, à savoir... ; [[reperta]] [[est]] [[eadem]] istius [[ratio]] in præsidiis, quæ in classibus Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 87, son système se retrouva le même en fait de garnisons qu’en fait de flottes ; hæc in [[philosophia]] [[ratio]] [[contra]] [[omnia]] disserendi Cic. Nat. 1, 11, [[cette]] méthode philosophique d’argumenter contre tout ; vitæ meæ rationes ab ineunte ætate susceptæ Cic. Pomp. 1, le plan de conduite que j’ai adopté depuis ma jeunesse ; novæ bellandi rationes Cæs. C. 3, 50, 1, de nouvelles méthodes de guerroyer || [sorte de périphrase] : decernendi [[ratio]] Cic. Off. 1, 80, décisions ; [[ratio]] [[inventio]] officii Cic. Off. 1, 107, la découverte du devoir ; quæ [[omnia]] perfacilem rationem habent reprehendendi Cic. Cæl. 62, tout cela comporte une critique très [[facile]] ; [[ratio]] rogandi Cic. Inv. 1, 53, le procédé de l’interrogation, l’interrogation ; [[ratio]] disserendi Cic. Br. 120, l’art d’argumenter, la dialectique ; præcipiendi [[ratio]] Cic. Q. 1, 1, 18, le mode, le ton de l’enseignement<br /><b>4</b> évaluation d’une chose : <b> a)</b> [de ce qui la constitue] sa nature, son espèce, sa manière d’être, ses modalités, son système, son régime, etc. : cum [[duplex]] [[ratio]] sit orationis Cic. Off. 2, 48, comme la parole (l’éloquence) a deux formes ; judicia, quorum [[ratio]] [[duplex]] [[est]] Cic. Off. 2, 49, les affaires judiciaires qui ont une double modalité [l’accusation, la défense], cf. Cic. Off. 2, 52 ; explicare rationes rerum civilium Cic. Rep. 1, 13, exposer les systèmes, les organisations, les régimes politiques ; [[ratio]] comitiorum Cic. Mur. 35, le régime des comices, des élections ; [[propter]] rationem Gallici belli Cic. Prov. 19, à cause du caractère particulier de la guerre contre les Gaulois ; tripartita ab iis inducitur [[ratio]] bonorum Cic. Ac. 1, 21, ils présentent trois espèces de biens ; [[castrensis]] [[ratio]] Cic. Cæl. 11, la manière des camps, la vie des camps ; ad novos [[casus]] temporum novorum consiliorum rationes accommodare Cic. Pomp. 60, à des conjonctures nouvelles approprier un système de mesures nouvelles ; [[hoc]] [[genus]] inest in ratione rerum Cic. de Or. 2, 47, ce genre [[est]] dans la nature des choses ; rerum [[ratio]], verborum [[ratio]] Cic. de Or. 2, 63, l’économie des faits, des mots, disposition des faits, des mots ; mentis [[ratio]] perfecta Cic. Fin. 5, 40, un parfait état de l’intelligence ; [[ratio]] [[atque]] [[inclinatio]] temporum Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 177, l’état des circonstances et le sens où elles inclinent ; mei rationem officii [[confido]] [[esse]] persolutam Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 177, j’ai la conviction que tout ce que comporte mon devoir [[est]] accompli ; [[quemadmodum]] esset ei [[ratio]] [[totius]] belli descripta, edocui Cic. Cat. 2, 13, j’ai montré comment le plan de toute la guerre était arrêté pour lui ; [[ratio]] ordoque agminis Cæs. G. 2, 19, 1, la disposition et l’ordre de la colonne ; rationem [[pontis]] hanc instituit Cæs. G. 4, 17, 3, il fixa pour le pont la disposition suivante, cf. Cæs. C. 1, 25, 1 ; instituta [[ratio]] Cic. Or. 162, plan fixé ; [[ratio]] judiciorum Cic. Br. 306, organisation, fonctionnement des tribunaux ; [[ratio]] rerum civilium Cic. Rep. 2, 52, une organisation politique ; rationes civitatum Cic. Rep. 2, 22, des organisations politiques ; hæc [[eadem]] [[est]] nostræ rationis [[regio]] et [[via]] Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 181, voilà également la direction et la voie [litt<sup>t</sup> de mon système, de mon plan de vie], que ma vie se propose || [[eadem]] ratione Cic. Cat. 3, 11, de la même manière ; [[eadem]] ratione, [[qua]] [[pridie]]... Cæs. G. 5, 40, 3, de la même manière que la veille ; [[longe]] [[alia]] ratione... [[atque]] Cæs. G. 7, 14, 2, d’une tout autre manière que ; omni ratione Cæs. C. 1, 65, 5, par tous les moyens ; nulla ratione Cæs. C. 1, 70, par aucun moyen, cf. Cæs. C. 3, 85, 2 ; Cic. Balbo 62 ; quibus rationibus Cæs. C. 3, 83, 4, par quels moyens, cf. Cæs. C. 3, 18, 5 ; 3, 58, 5 ; Cic. CM 6 ; etc. ; honestis rationibus Cic. Rab. Post. 38, par des moyens honorables ; <b> b)</b> [évaluation de ce que comporte, de ce qu’embrasse une chose] son champ, son domaine, sa sphère, son cadre : in rationem utilitatis cadere Cic. Off. 1, 9, rentrer dans le calcul de l’utile = se rapporter à l’utile, au domaine, au chapitre de l’utile ; hæc [[res]] [[non]] [[solum]] ex domestica [[est]] ratione, attingit [[etiam]] bellicam Cic. Off. 1, 76, cet [[acte]] n’[[est]] pas seulement de l’ordre des faits civils, il touche aussi à l’ordre des faits guerriers, cf. Cic. Clu. 1 ; in dissimili ratione Cic. Cat. 2, 9, dans une autre sphère, dans un ordre de choses différent || in [[eam]] rationem loqui Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 69, parler dans cet ordre d’idées, dans ce sens ; epistolis tuis in eamdem rationem scriptis Cic. Att. 1, 11, 1, tes lettres étant écrites dans le même sens || [en part.] sphère politique, [[parti]] : [[popularis]] [[ratio]] Cic. Sest. 101, démocratie, [[parti]] démocratique, cf. Cic. Balbo 58.<br /> <b>II</b><br /><b>1</b> faculté de calculer, de raisonner, raison, jugement, intelligence : Cic. Off. 1, 101 ; Nat. 2, 153 ; Leg. 1, 18 ; etc.; [[homo]], [[quod]] rationis [[est]] [[particeps]] Cic. Off. 1, 11, l’homme, parce qu’il a en partage la raison ; [[recta]] [[ratio]], absoluta [[ratio]] Cic. Tusc. 4, 34 ; 5, 39, droite raison, raison parfaite<br /><b>2</b> manière de faire raisonnable, judicieuse : minari [[ratio]] [[non]] erat Cic. Verr. 1, 1, 24, il n’était pas raisonnable de menacer ; nulla [[ratio]] [[est]] amittere... Cic. Cæc. 15, ce n’[[est]] pas du tout raisonnable de laisser échapper... ; ratione voluptatem sequi Cic. Fin. 1, 32, rechercher le plaisir judicieusement ; ratione facere Cic. Att. 12, 44, 3, agir judicieusement ; intervallis [[pro]] rata parte ratione distinctis Cic. Rep. 6, 18, avec des intervalles calculés suivant des proportions judicieuses ; [[declinatio]], cum ratione fiet... Cic. Tusc. 4, 13, quand on se détournera du mal par des moyens raisonnables...<br /><b>3</b> explication qui rend [[compte]] d’une chose, explication, raison : [[causa]] et [[ratio]] [[efficiens]] magnos viros Cic. Off. 1, 67, la cause et la raison qui produisent les grandes âmes ; quorum omnium causas si a Chrysippo quæram, [[numquam]] [[illa]] dicet facta [[fortuito]] naturalemque rationem omnium reddet Cic. Div. 2, 61, si je demande à Chrysippe la cause de tous ces phénomènes, jamais il ne [[dira]] qu’ils sont l’effet du hasard, il donnera de tous une explication naturelle ; quorum omnium [[una]] [[ratio]] [[est]] Cic. Div. 2, 60, pour tous ces phénomènes, il n’y a qu’une seule explication ; tempestates sæpe [[improviso]] nulla ex certa ratione, obscura [[aliqua]] ex [[causa]] concitantur Cic. Mur. 36, les tempêtes souvent s’élèvent à l’improviste sans que [[rien]] de précis les explique, par on ne sait quelle cause [[obscure]] ; facti si [[non]] bonam, at [[aliquam]] rationem adferre Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 195, donner d’une action une raison [[sinon]] bonne du moins existante ; mei consilii [[causa]] ratioque Cic. Cæcil. 1, la cause et la raison de ma détermination<br /><b>4</b> raison, considération, raisonnement : [[aliquid]] confirmare argumentis ac rationibus Cic. de Or. 2, 80, prouver qqch. par des arguments et des raisonnements, cf. Cic. Or. 44 ; rationibus conquisitis Cic. Fin. 1, 31, avec des considérations bien choisies, cf. Cic. Tusc. 1, 116, Rep. 1, 4, etc. ; bonæ tuæ istæ rationes Ter. Ad. 836, ces belles considérations que tu débites || [rhét.] causæ [[ratio]] Cic. Inv. 1, 18, le raisonnement sur lequel repose une cause || [[nihil]] rationis adfers, [[quamobrem]] adimi [[civitas]] possit Cic. Cæc. 96, tu n’apportes aucune raison qui justifie qu’on puisse enlever le droit de cité, cf. Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 115<br /><b>5</b> [phil.] argumentation, raisonnement en forme : Cic. Fin. 1, 22 ; rationem concludere Cic. Nat. 2, 22, conclure un raisonnement, cf. Cic. Nat. 3, 23 ; Div. 2, 25 ; etc. ; [[necessaria]] mathematicorum ratione concludere Cic. Fin. 5, 9, arriver à des conclusions par la rigueur d’un raisonnement mathématique<br /><b>6</b> ce qui [[est]] rationnel, fondé sur la raison, dirigé par la raison : quæ ratione docentur et [[via]] Cic. Or. 116, ce que l’on enseigne d’une façon rationnelle et méthodique, cf. Cic. Or. 10 ; Fin. 1, 29 ; ratione et [[numero]] moveri Cic. Nat. 2, 43, avoir des mouvements rationnels et rythmés<br /><b>7</b> théorie, [[principes]] théoriques, doctrine, système scientifique : [[sine]] ulla [[arte]] [[aut]] ratione, quæ sint in artibus ac rationibus [[recta]] ac prava, dijudicant Cic. de Or. 3, 195, sans posséder aucune science particulière, aucune connaissance théorique, ils savent discerner dans les réalisations des sciences et des théories ce qui [[est]] bien et mal ; de ratione [[Latine]] loquendi scripsit Cic. Br. 253, il écrivit sur la théorie du pur langage latin ; [[rei]] [[militaris]] [[ratio]] et [[ordo]] Cæs. G. 2, 22, 1, les règles théoriques et le dispositif que [[fixe]] l’art militaire, cf. Cæs. G. 4, 23, 5 ; [[ratio]] [[atque]] [[usus]] belli Cæs. G. 4, 1, 6, la théorie et la pratique de la guerre, cf. Cic. de Or. 3, 80 ; Epicuri [[ratio]] Cic. Fin. 1, 13, la théorie d’Épicure ; Cynicorum [[ratio]] Cic. Off. 1, 148, la doctrine des Cyniques ; (si [[est]] in me) hujus [[rei]] [[ratio]] [[aliqua]] Cic. Arch. 1, si j’ai en la matière quelques connaissances théoriques || manière de voir : mea [[sic]] [[est]] [[ratio]] Ter. Ad. 60, voici ma théorie, ma doctrine, cf. Cic. Fin. 5, 12 ; Tusc. 5, 108, etc. || [souvent voisin de [[ars]] ] : [[oratio]] [[quidem]] ipsa propria [[est]] hujus [[unius]] rationis, de [[qua]] quærimus Cic. de Or. 1, 49, en tout cas le style lui-même appartient uniquement à cet art sur lequel porte notre enquête ; [[ratio]] dicendi = [souvent] art oratoire, cf. Cic. de Or. 1, 4 ; 1, 12, etc. | |||
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