turba: Difference between revisions

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|lshtext=<b>turba</b>: ae, f. = [[τύρβη]]; cf. Sanscr. turāmi, to [[hasten]]; turas, [[hasty]]; Lat. [[turma]],<br /><b>I</b> a [[turmoil]], [[hubbub]], [[uproar]], [[disorder]], [[tumult]], [[commotion]], [[disturbance]], of a [[crowd]] of [[people]] (syn. [[tumultus]]): [[praetor]] ait: cujus [[dolo]] [[malo]] in turbā [[damnum]] [[quod]] [[factum]] esse dicetur ... Turbam appellatam [[Labeo]] ait ex genere tumultūs, idque [[verbum]] ex Graeco [[tractum]] ἀπὸ τοῦ θορυβεῖν. Turbam [[autem]] ex quo [[numero]] admittimus? Si duo rixam commiserint, [[utique]] non accipiemus in turbā id [[factum]], [[quia]] duo [[turba]] non [[proprie]] dicentur. Enimvero si [[plures]] fuerint, [[decem]] aut [[quindecim]] homines, [[turba]] dicentur. Quid [[ergo]], si [[tres]] aut [[quattuor]]? Turba [[utique]] non erit. Et rectissime [[Labeo]] [[inter]] turbam et rixam [[multum]] interesse ait; [[namque]] turbam multitudinis hominum esse turbationem et coetum, rixam [[etiam]] duorum, Dig. 47, 8, 4: [[turba]] et [[confusio]] rerum, Cic. Fam. 6, 6, 13; cf.: ut exsistat ex [[populo]] [[turba]] et [[confusio]], id. Rep. 1, 45, 69: vis belli ac [[turba]], id. Rosc. Am. 32, 91: [[multitudo]] ac [[turba]] fugientium, Caes. B. C. 2, 35: turbā [[atque]] seditionibus [[sine]] curā aluntur, Sall. C. 37, 3.—Plur.: seditiones turbaeque populares, Quint. 2, 16, 2; cf. Tac. H. 4, 1 fin.: efficere turbas in castris, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 12, § 31: [[turba]] est [[nunc]] [[apud]] aram, Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 53: [[inter]] Officium turbamque sacri vocesque precantūm, Ov. M. 12, 33: festaque confusā resonabat [[regia]] turbā, id. ib. 12, 214 et saep.—<br /><b>II</b> Transf.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>A</b> In gen., for a [[disturbance]] made by a [[few]] or a [[single]] [[person]], a [[brawl]], [[confusion]], [[disturbance]], [[quarrel]] (in [[good]] [[prose]] [[rare]]): non vides, [[quam]] turbam quosve [[fluctus]] concites? Att. ap. Non. 524, 26: [[turba]] [[atque]] [[rixa]], Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 66, § 149: fugiam [[intro]], ne [[quid]] hic turbae fiat [[itidem]], Plaut. Aul. 2, 9, 9: Amphitruo [[actutum]] uxori turbas conciet, id. Am. 1, 2. 14: quas mihi [[filius]] turbas turbet, id. Bacch. 4, 10, 1: [[ebrius]] turbam [[aliquam]] [[dare]], Caecil. ap. Non. 525, 4: jam tum inceperat Turba [[inter]] eos, Ter. Eun. 4, 4, 59; 4, 1, 2; 4, 3, 11; id. Heaut. 1, 2, 16; 5, 2, 17. —<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> Concr., a [[crowd]], [[throng]], [[multitude]], [[mob]]; a [[band]], [[train]], [[troop]], etc.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>1</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Of persons (freq. and [[class]].; cf.: [[multitudo]], [[vulgus]]): in [[foro]] turbāque, Cic. Rep. 1, 17, 28: [[domus]] praetoria turbā referta, id. Verr. 2, 1, 52, § 137: ut te eripias ex eā, [[quam]] ego congessi in hunc sermonem, turbā patronorum, id. Brut. 97, 332: [[admiratio]] vulgi [[atque]] turbae, id. Fam. 7, 1, 13: cum ex hac turbā et colluvione discedam, id. Sen. 23, 85: videt in turbā Verrem, id. Verr. 1, 7, 19: turbae carmina, Manil. 2, 136.—With gen.: Iliadum turbā comitata, Verg. A. 2, 580: [[omnis]] Circi, Quint. 1, 6, 45: hominum ejus aetatis, id. 1, 2, 2: discipulorum, id. 10, 5, 21: [[omnis]] eum stipata tegebat Turba ducum, Verg. A. 11, 13: scriptorum, Prop. 3 (4), 1, 12: Dario majorem turbam hominum esse, virorum sibi, Just. 11, 14, 10: forensem turbam in [[quattuor]] [[tribus]] conjecit, Liv. 9, 46, 14: [[consul]] [[alter]] [[velut]] [[unus]], [[militaris]] [[turba]] erat, id. 22, 42, 3: conferta [[turba]] [[iter]] reliquum clauserat, id. 39, 49, 9: Quiritium, Hor. C. 1, 1, 7: clientium, id. ib. 3, 1, 13: poëtarum seniorum, id. S. 1, 10, 67: pauperiorum, id. ib. 1, 1, 111: mea [[turba]], Liv. 6, 15, 10.—Esp., the [[common]] [[crowd]], = [[vulgus]]: [[turba]] patronorum, Cic. Brut. 97, 332.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Without the [[notion]] of a [[crowd]] or [[confusion]], a [[great]] [[number]], [[multitude]]: [[quid]] [[tibi]] de turbā narrem numeroque virorum? Ov. H. 15 (16), 181: [[plebes]], turbā conspectior cum dignitates deessent, Liv. 22, 40, 4. —<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>3</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Of [[other]] things, [[animate]] or [[inanimate]], a [[crowd]], [[throng]], [[troop]], [[multitude]], [[number]]: [[turba]] ignotorum deorum, Cic. N. D. 1, 15, 39: [[praeter]] vulgum turbamque animantum, Lucr. 2, 920: ferarum, Ov. M. 11, 44: canum, id. ib. 4, 722: volucrum, id. ib. 10, 144: luporum, Sil. 7, 129: materiaï, Lucr. 1, 1113; 2, 127: refertis itineribus agrestium turbā pecorumque, Liv. 26, 10, 8; cf. Ov. M. 10, 106: rotarum, id. ib. 6, 219: jaculorum, id. P. 4, 7, 35: vulnerum, Plin. 11, 37, 61, § 162: castrensium negotiorum, Plin. Ep. 9, 25, 1.—Of a [[speech]]: mediocria in mediam turbam [[atque]] in gregem coiciantur, Cic. de Or. 2, 77, 314: inanium verborum, Quint. 8, 2, 17: argumentorum, id. 4, 2, 82; cf. id. 6, 1, 1; 4, 5, 7; 5, 13, 12.

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