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{{Woodhouse1
|Text=[[File:woodhouse_642.jpg|thumb|link={{filepath:woodhouse_642.jpg}}]]'''adj.'''
P. and V. [[πρότερος]].
<b class="b2">More important</b>: P. and V. πρεσβύτερος (rare P.).
<b class="b2">By the low which orders that the male line has the prior claim</b>: P. νόμῳ ὃς κελεύει κρατεῖν τοὺς ἄρσενας (<b class="b2">Isae.</b> 85).
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{{Lewis
|lshtext=<b>prĭor</b>: and prĭus (old form also in<br /><b>I</b> neutr. [[prior]], Val. Antias and Quadrig. ap. Prisc. p. 767), ōris, adj. comp. from obsol. prep. pri; v. [[primus]] init.], [[former]], [[previous]], [[prior]], freq. to be translated [[first]]; cf. [[superior]]; [[Cicero]] [[nearly]] [[always]] uses [[prior]], opp. to [[posterior]], in [[time]]; [[superior]] in [[sense]] of [[former]], in gen. [[relation]] to the [[present]], [[when]] no [[other]] [[time]] is expressed; v. Krebs, Antibarb. p. 921 sq.<br /><b>I</b> Lit.: ita priori posterius, posteriori [[superius]] non jungitur, Cic. Ac. 2, 14, 44: me quaestorem in primis, aedilem priorem, praetorem [[primum]] [[populus]] Romanus faciebat, id. Pis. 1, 2: qui [[prior]] has angustias occupaverit, [[first]], Caes. B. C. 1, 66: [[prior]] [[proelio]] lacessere, id. ib. 1, 82: [[etsi]] utrique [[primas]], priores [[tamen]] [[libenter]] deferunt Laelio, Cic. Brut. 21, 84: priore [[loco]] causam dicere, [[first]], id. Quint. 9, 32: priore aestate, in the [[former]] [[summer]], [[last]] [[summer]], id. Fam. 1, 9, 24: priore nocte, id. Cat. 1, 4, 8: [[factum]] est [[enim]] meā culpā, ut priore [[anno]] non succederetur, id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 1, § 2: prioribus comitiis, id. Planc. 22, 54: priore [[anno]], the [[year]] [[before]], Liv. 3, 9, 7; 3, 10, 14; 4, 56, 5: prioris anni consules, id. 4, 13, 10; 4, 17, 9: [[Dionysius]] [[prior]], the [[elder]], Nep. [[Dion]], 1, 3: [[vinum]], of [[last]] [[year]], Plin. 14, 19, 24, § 120: priore [[libro]], in the [[previous]] [[book]], Col. 4, 22, 9: [[pedes]], the forefeet, Nep. Eum. 5, 5; Plin. 8, 45, 70, § 181: [[canities]] homini [[semper]] a priori parte capitis, tum [[deinde]] ab aversā, the forepart, Plin. 11, 37, 47, § 131.—Pleon.: cum [[prior]] Romanus [[exercitus]] praevenisset, Liv. 9, 23, 2: [[prius]] praecepta res erat, id. 21, 32, 7; cf. id. 9, 23, 2.— Old neutr. [[prior]]: hoc [[senatusconsultum]] [[prior]] [[factum]] est, Val. Antias ap. Prisc. p. 767 P.: [[prior]] [[bellum]], Quadrig. ib.: [[foedus]] [[prior]], id. ib. (cf.: [[bellum]] Punicum [[posterior]], Cass. Hem. ib.).—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Former, i. e. [[deceased]] ([[late]] Lat.): [[inter]] prieres fratres, Amm. 21, 6, 2.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> Subst.: prĭōres, um, m., forefathers, ancestors, the ancients ([[poet]]. and in [[post]]-Aug. [[prose]]): abiturus [[illuc]], quo priores abierunt, Phaedr. 4, 18, 16: [[nomen]] dixere priores Ortygiam, Verg. A. 3, 693: nec ingeniis investigata priorum, Ov. M. 15, 146; 332: priores tradiderunt, Col. 1, 4, 3: nostri, Plin. Ep. 3, 4: [[more]] priorum, Ov. M. 10, 218; Sen. Ep. 52, 2.—<br /><b>II</b> Trop., [[better]], [[superior]], [[preferable]], [[more]] [[excellent]] or [[important]] (not in Cic. and Cæs.): bellante [[prior]], Hor. C. S. 51: [[color]] puniceae flore [[prior]] rosae, id. C. 4, 10, 4; Ov. H. 18, 69: ut [[nemo]] haberetur [[prior]], Liv. 27, 8: aetate et sapientiā, Sall. J. 10, 7: consilio et manu, id. ib. 96, 3: [[neque]] [[prius]], [[neque]] antiquius quidquam habuit, [[quam]], etc., Vell. 2, 52, 4.—Esp. [[with]] [[potior]]: [[potius]] [[quanto]] [[prius]] potiusque est Philippum nobis conjungere [[quam]] hos, Vell. 36, 7, 6: nulla (res) [[prior]] potiorque visa est, id. 8, 29, 2: [[nihil]] [[prius]] nec [[potius]] [[visum]], id. 39, 47, 4: [[unus]] [[Plinius]] est mihi priores, i. e. [[worth]] [[more]] [[than]] [[they]] all, Sent. Augur. ap. Plin. Ep. 4, 27, 4: artium multitudine [[prior]] omnibus, eloquentiā nulli [[secundus]], App. Flor. 2, p. 346.—Hence, adv. comp.: prĭus.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>A</b> Before, [[sooner]], [[first]], [[previously]] ([[class]].).<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>1</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; [[Alone]]: quem fuit aequius, ut [[prius]] introieram in vitam, sic [[prius]] exire de vitā, Cic. Lael. 4, 15: regem [[prius]] Europā, [[post]] et Asiā, expellere, Liv. 37, 52, 4: ut vos [[prius]] experti estis, [[nunc]] [[Antiochus]] experitur, id. 36, 17, 8; so, [[prius]] ... [[nunc]], Verg. G. 3, 362: [[prius]] ... tum, [[Cato]], R. R. 135; Liv. 34, 55, 5: [[prius]] .... [[postea]], id. 29, 12, 11.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; With [[quam]], and [[often]] joined in one [[word]], priusquam.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(a)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Before [[that]], [[before]]: [[prius]] [[quam]] [[lucet]], assunt, [[before]] [[dawn]], Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 115: [[prius]] [[illi]] erimus [[quam]] tu, id. Ps. 2, 4, 68: [[prius]] [[quam]] [[plane]] aspexit [[ilico]] eum esse dixit, id. Rud. 4, 4, 87: [[nihil]] [[prius]] mihi faciendum putavi, [[quam]] ut, etc., Cic. Att. 4, 1, 1: cui [[prius]] [[quam]] de ceteris rebus [[respondeo]], de amicitiā pauca dicam, [[before]], id. Phil. 2, 1, 3: [[quod]] ego, [[prius]] [[quam]] loqui coepisti, sensi, id. Vatin. 2, 4: [[neque]] [[prius]] fugere destiterunt, [[quam]] ad [[flumen]] Rhenum pervenerunt, Caes. B. G. 1, 53: [[quid]] [[potius]] faciam, [[prius]] [[quam]] me dormitum conferam, non [[reperio]], Cic. Fam. 9, 26, 1: priusquam aggrediar, etc., id. Balb. 7, 18: [[prius]] [[quam]] ad portam venias, Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 44.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>(b)</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Sooner, [[rather]]: Aegyptii [[quamvis]] carnificinam [[prius]] subierint, [[quam]] ibin aut aspidem [[violent]], Cic. Tusc. 5, 27, 78; id. Lig. 12, 34; Caes. B. C. 3, 1.—Sometimes in an [[inverted]] [[order]]: ad hoc [[genus]] hominum duravi, [[quam]] [[prius]] me ad [[plures]] penetravi, Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 13; Prop. 2, 14, 11 (3, 10, 10); v. Zumpt, Gram. § 576.—<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>B</b> In gen., [[formerly]], in [[former]] times ([[poet]].), Cat. 51, 13: sed haec [[prius]] fuere: [[nunc]], etc., id. 4, 25; Prop. 1, 1, 18.
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{{Gaffiot
|gf=(1) <b>prĭŏr</b>,⁷ n. prĭŭs, ōris (racine pris ), [[compar]]. dont [[primus]] [[est]] le superl.,<br /><b>1</b> le [[plus]] en avant [en parl. de deux] : prioribus pedibus Nep. Eum. 5, 5, avec les pieds de devant, cf. Plin. 11, 131 &#124;&#124; avec [[quam]], [[plus]] en avant que : Sall. J. 85, 12 ; Tac. Ann. 15, 20<br /><b>2</b> le premier de deux, précédent, antérieur : aliquem ædilem priorem facere Cic. Pis. 2, élire qqn édile le premier ; priore [[nocte]] Cic. Cat. 1, 8, la nuit précédente ; prioribus comitiis Cic. Planc. 54, dans les comices précédents ; priore [[loco]] causam dicere Cic. Quinct. 32, plaider le premier &#124;&#124; [attrib.] [[prior]] occupavit Cæs. C. 1, 66, 4, il occupa le premier, cf. Cæs. C. 1, 82 &#124;&#124; [subst<sup>t</sup>] priores, um, les prédécesseurs, les devanciers, les ancêtres : Virg. En. 3, 693 ; Ov. M. 15, 146 ; Sen. Ep. 52, 7<br /><b>3</b> [fig.] supérieur, [[plus]] remarquable : Sall. J. 10, 7 ; 96, 3 ; Liv. 27, 8, 6 &#124;&#124; [[prius]] potiusque [[est]] avec inf. Liv. 36, 7, 6, il [[est]] meilleur et préférable de, cf. Liv. 8, 29, 9 ; 39, 47, 4.||avec [[quam]], [[plus]] en avant que : Sall. J. 85, 12 ; Tac. Ann. 15, 20<br /><b>2</b> le premier de deux, précédent, antérieur : aliquem ædilem priorem facere Cic. Pis. 2, élire qqn édile le premier ; priore [[nocte]] Cic. Cat. 1, 8, la nuit précédente ; prioribus comitiis Cic. Planc. 54, dans les comices précédents ; priore [[loco]] causam dicere Cic. Quinct. 32, plaider le premier||[attrib.] [[prior]] occupavit Cæs. C. 1, 66, 4, il occupa le premier, cf. Cæs. C. 1, 82||[subst<sup>t</sup>] priores, um, les prédécesseurs, les devanciers, les ancêtres : Virg. En. 3, 693 ; Ov. M. 15, 146 ; Sen. Ep. 52, 7<br /><b>3</b> [fig.] supérieur, [[plus]] remarquable : Sall. J. 10, 7 ; 96, 3 ; Liv. 27, 8, 6||[[prius]] potiusque [[est]] avec inf. Liv. 36, 7, 6, il [[est]] meilleur et préférable de, cf. Liv. 8, 29, 9 ; 39, 47, 4.
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{{Georges
|georg=prior, neutr. [[prius]], Genet. priōris, Superl.prīmus, a, um (vom veralteten prīs, wov. [[auch]] [[pridem]], [[pridie]], [[pristinus]]), I) Compar. [[prior]], [[prius]], A) eig., der [[erstere]], [[vordere]] [[von]] zweien (Ggstz. [[posterior]]), priores [[pedes]], Nep. u.a.: [[pars]] capitis, [[Vorderkopf]] (Ggstz. aversa [[pars]] capitis, [[Hinterkopf]]), Plin. – B) übtr.: 1) der [[Zeit]], der [[Ordnung]] od. dem Grade [[nach]], [[eher]], [[früher]], der [[erste]], [[erstere]] [[von]] zweien (Ggstz. [[posterior]]), [[comitia]], Cic.: [[consul]] anni prioris, Liv.: [[qui]] [[prior]] occupaverit, [[eher]] [[oder]] [[zuerst]] usw., Caes.: und so [[prior]] praevenit, praegreditur, Liv. (s. Fabri u. Weißenb. Liv. 21, 20, 8): priori [[posterius]] iungitur, das [[letztere]] [[mit]] dem ersteren, Cic.: priore [[loco]] dicere, [[zuerst]], Cic.: priore aestate, im vorigen [[Sommer]], Cic.: [[vinum]], vorjähriger [[Wein]], Plin.: [[liber]], das vorhergehende [[Buch]], Colum.: [[Dionysius]] [[prior]], der ältere, Nep.: Agrippinae sobrinā [[prior]], um [[einen]] [[Grad]] [[näher]], Tac.: collegae [[longe]] aetate priores, [[weit]] ältere, Gell.: dah. priores, die [[vorher]] gelebt [[haben]], die Vorfahren, Verg.; [[bei]] Späteren priores [[häufig]] die Altvorderen im [[Freistaat]], [[sowie]] [[prius]] [[aevum]] die [[Vorzeit]], die [[Zeit]] [[des]] Freistaates [[bis]] zur [[Schlacht]] [[bei]] Aktium; [[ebenso]] [[prior]] [[populus]], die in [[dieser]] [[Zeit]] lebenden [[Römer]], Plin. ep. u. Tac. – 2) dem Range, Vorzuge [[nach]], der [[erstere]], vorzüglichere, vortrefflichere, hauptsächlichere, Ter., Hor. u. Liv.: verb. [[prior]] potiorque, z.B. [[res]] nulla [[prior]] potiorque visa est, de [[qua]] ad senatum referrent, Liv.: u. [[nihil]] [[prius]] [[nec]] [[potius]] est [[quam]] m. folg. Infin., [[nihil]] [[prius]] [[nec]] [[potius]] [[visum]] est [[quam]] [[regis]] ipsius de singulis responsa accipere, Liv.: [[quanto]] [[prius]] potiusque est Philippum [[nobis]] coniungere [[quam]] hos, Liv. (vgl. Weißenb. Liv. 36, 7, 6). – [[prius]] est m. folg. ut u. Konj., Tert. de idol. 2: naturā [[prius]] est, ut etc., Sen. de ben. 5, 8, 1.<br />'''II)''' Superl. prīmus (in Inschr. [[auch]] [[preimus]]) a, um, der [[erste]] (Ggstz. [[postremus]]), A) dem Orte [[nach]] der [[erste]], [[vorderste]], a) adi.: [[pars]] aedium, Nep. u. Sen.: dentes, die [[Vorderzähne]], Plin. – partit., [[agmen]], [[Vortrab]], Caes. u.a.: [[provincia]], der [[vorderste]] [[Teil]] der Pr., Cic.: [[Persis]], Vorderpersien, Curt.: Eburonum fines, das [[Grenzgebiet]], Caes.: [[margo]] ripae, die [[äußerste]] Uferwand, Curt.: [[prima]] ([[lingua]]) ranis cohaeret, intima absoluta a gutture, die Z. ist [[bei]] den Fr. [[vorn]] angewachsen, [[hinten]] am [[Gaumen]] ist [[sie]] [[frei]], Plin.: sprichw., primis, ut dicitur, labris gustasse physiologiam, die Ph. [[mit]] den Lippen [[nur]] berührt [[haben]] (= [[sich]] [[mit]] der Ph. [[nur]] [[oberflächlich]] beschäftigt [[haben]]), Cic. de nat. deor. 1, 20. – b) subst.: primi, die Vordersten (Ggstz. ultimi, postremi, extremi), Caes. b. G. 5, 43, 5 u. b. c. 2, 34, 5. Sall. Iug. 45, 2; 46, 7; 100, 2: primi hostium, die [[Vorposten]] der F., Vell. 2, 110, 1: [[prima]] (neutr. pl.), das [[Vordertreffen]], Curt. 4, 13 (50), 32: provolare in [[primum]] ([[nach]] [[vorn]]), Liv. 2, 20, 10; 2, 46, 7; 3, 62, 8: [[nisi]] [[secunda]] [[acies]] ([[Treffen]]) in [[primum]] (in das [[erste]] [[Treffen]]) successisset, Liv. 10, 14, 17: equites in [[primo]] (im [[Vortrab]]) [[late]] [[ire]] iubet, Sall. Iug. 68, 4: [[prima]] [[legio]] et [[sinistra]] [[ala]] in [[primo]] (im [[Vordertreffen]]) instructae, Liv. 25, 21, 6. – B) übtr.: 1) der [[Ordnung]] od. der [[Zeit]] [[nach]] der [[erste]], a) adi.: [[primus]] dicitur obligavisse, [[zuerst]], Cic.: [[primae]] [[litterae]], postremae etc., Cic.: [[Idus]] [[primae]], die ersten, nächstfolgenden, Cic.: [[primum]] [[initium]], Liv. – [[primus]] [[quisque]], [[prima]] quaeque, [[primum]] [[quidque]], s. [[quis]]-[[que]]. – [[primus]] luendae poenae fuit, er mußte [[zuerst]] büßen, Tac. ann. 6, 1. – m. folg. Infin., [[primus]] inire [[manus]], [[postremus]] ponere Martem, Sil. 1, 160. – Insbes., α) [[bei]] Dichtern und in der nachciceron. [[Prosa]] [[primus]] [[oft]] statt [[des]] Adv. [[primum]], z.B. [[vix]] [[prima]] inceperat [[aestas]], Verg.: [[spolia]], [[quae]] [[prima]] opima appellata, [[zuerst]], Liv.: primi geniti (porci), die [[zuerst]] geborenen, Plin. 11, 234: [[bes]]. [[nach]] cum, ut etc., z.B. cum [[prima]] [[examina]] ducunt = cum [[primum]], sobald [[als]], Verg.: ut primis plantis institerat = ut [[primum]], sobald [[als]], Verg. – β) partitiv, primā [[luce]], [[mit]] [[Anbruch]] [[des]] [[Tages]], Curt.: u. so primā vesperā, Curt.: primā [[nocte]], Caes. u. Nep.: [[primo]] [[anno]], am [[Anfang]] [[des]] J., Colum.: [[primo]] mense, am [[Anfang]] [[des]] M., Verg.: [[primus]] [[tumultus]], der [[Anfang]] [[des]] Lärmens, Verg. – b) subst.: α) prīma, ae, f. (sc. [[hora]]), die [[erste]] [[Stunde]], [[intra]] primam noctis, Plin. ep. 3, 5, 13. – β) neutr., a [[primo]], im [[Anfang]], [[anfänglich]], Cic.: epistulas a [[primo]] [[lego]], vom [[Anfang]] an, [[nach]] der [[Reihe]], Cic.: in [[primo]], [[vorn]], zu [[Anfang]], [[zuerst]], Cic. u. Liv.: ex [[primo]], vom Anfange, [[zuerst]], Plin. – Plur. prīma, das Erste, der [[Anfang]], Liv.; u. das Erste der Dinge, die Elemente, der [[Urstoff]], Lucr.: [[prima]] naturae, die Grundtriebe, Cic.: dah. in primis, [[anfangs]], Liv., od. [[zuerst]], [[vor]] allen, Sall.: [[prima]] consiliorum = [[prima]] consilia, Tac.: [[prima]] viae = [[prima]] [[via]], Lucr. – prīmā adv. = [[anfangs]], Gratt. cyn. 25. – 2) der dem Range, Stande [[oder]] anderen Vorzügen [[nach]] [[erste]], der vornehmste, ansehnlichste, vorzüglichste, hauptsächlichste, [[Arion]] citharā et dithyrambo [[primus]], [[Fronto]]: [[quia]] [[sum]] [[apud]] te [[primus]], [[bei]] dir [[Hahn]] im Korbe bin, Ter.: homines primi, die angesehensten Männer, Cic.: [[comitia]] [[prima]], d.i. centuriata u. tributa, die vornehmsten, wichtigsten, Cic.: [[quod]] [[vel]] [[primum]] [[puto]], [[für]] das Vornehmste, Ter.: [[prima]] habere, [[für]] das Vorzüglichste [[halten]], Sall.: [[prima]] [[tenere]], den ersten [[Platz]] [[haben]], Verg.: [[primum]] ac [[potissimum]] omnium [[ratus]] Syracusis novā pace inconditas componere [[res]], Liv. – partes [[primae]] u. bl. [[primae]], die [[Hauptrolle]], Ter. u. Cic.: [[primas]] agere, Cic. – [[primae]], der [[erste]] [[Preis]], Hauptpreis, [[primas]] ferre, deferre, Cic.: eloquentiae [[primas]] ferre, Tac.: [[primas]], secundas, tertias ferre (v. Rennpferden), Inscr.: [[primas]] tribuere, Cic. (vgl. Jahn Cic. [[Brut]]. 183 u. or. 18). – ad [[prima]], [[besonders]], [[vorzüglich]], Verg. – in primis, [[vorzüglich]], [[besonders]], Cic.: in primisque = in primis [[quoque]], Cic.: [[dafür]] [[auch]] cum primis, Cic. u. Apul., u. de primis, Treb. Poll. trig. tyr. 32, 2.
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{{LaEn
|lnetxt=prior prioris N M :: superior/elder monk; (later) second in dignity to abbot/head of priory, prior<br />prior prior prioris N M :: ancestors (pl.), forefathers, predecessors, people of an earlier time
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