View source for αἴ

{{LSJ1
|Full diacritics=αἴ
|Medium diacritics=αἴ
|Low diacritics=αι
|Capitals=ΑΙ
|Transliteration A=aí
|Transliteration B=ai
|Transliteration C=ai
|Beta Code=ai)/
|Definition=or αἶ (authorities vary, cf. Hdn.Gr.<span class="bibl">1.496</span>, Tz.adLyc.31), interj. of astonishment or grief:—αἲ τάλαν <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Pl.</span>706</span>, cf. <span class="title">Min. Oxy.</span>413.73: c. acc., αἲ τὸν Ἄδωνιν <span class="bibl">Bion 1.32</span>; freq. doubled [[αἰαῖ]] (Hdn.Gr.<span class="bibl">2.933</span>), <span class="bibl">Thgn.1341</span>, <span class="bibl">B.5.153</span>, <span class="bibl">A. <span class="title">Th.</span>787</span>, Alciphr.<span class="title">Fr.</span>4: c.gen., αἰαῖ τόλμας <span class="bibl">E. <span class="title">Hipp.</span>814</span> (lyr.), cf. <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ch.</span>1007</span>, <span class="bibl">Alciphr.3.67</span>, etc.: c. acc., αἰαῖ Ἄδωνιν <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Lys.</span>393</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Bion 1.28</span>; αἰαῖ πέτρον ἐκεῖνον <span class="title">AP</span>7.554 (Phil.), cf. <span class="bibl">9.424</span> (Duris Elait.). [αῐαῑ generally, sometimes αῖαῑ, as A. <span class="title">Th.</span> [[l.c.]]]
}}
{{DGE
|dgtxt=<b class="num">• Alolema(s):</b> tb. αἶ; redupl. αἲ αἴ, αἶ αἶ, [[αἰαῖ]]<br /><b class="num">• Prosodia:</b> [prosod. gener. αῐαῑ, pero tb. αῖαῑ A.<i>Th</i>.787]<br />interj.<br /><b class="num">1</b> gener. expr. asombro o dolor [[ay]] c. voc. αἲ τάλαν Ar.<i>Pl</i>.706, αἴ, δύσμορ' Men.<i>Epit</i>.292, αἲ κυρία <i>Mim.Fr.Pap.Charit</i>.123<br /><b class="num">•</b>c. ac. αἶ Λίνον E.<i>HF</i> 348, αἲ τὸν Ἄδωνιν Biol.32, cf. <i>IMEG</i> 83.7 (heleníst.)<br /><b class="num">•</b>más frec. redupl. [[ay, ay]] [[αἰαῖ]] πέπειρα <i>Lyr.Adesp</i>.478.26<i>S</i>., de un amor no correspondido [[αἰαῖ]] παιδὸς ἐρῶ [[ἁπαλόχροος]] Thgn.1341, [[αἰαῖ]], τί ποτε πείσομαι; Ar.<i>Ec</i>.911, cf. Ar.<i>Ach</i>.1083, Alciphr.4.12.3<br /><b class="num">•</b>c. nom. o voc. [[αἰαῖ]] δαιμόνιοι A.<i>Th</i>.893, αἰαὶ ... Φιλῖνε Theoc.7.121, [[αἰαῖ]] Ἔρως Theoc.2.55, cf. B.5.153, Call.<i>Fr</i>.64.13<br /><b class="num">•</b>c. ac. [[αἰαῖ]] Ἄδωνιν Ar.<i>Lys</i>.393, [[αἰαῖ]] τὰν Κυθέρειαν Bio 1.28, τὰν Κύπριν [[αἰαῖ]] Bio 1.31, cf. <i>AP</i> 7.554 (Phil.), 9.424 (Duris)<br /><b class="num">•</b>c. gen. [[αἰαῖ]] στρατοῦ φθαρέντος A.<i>Pers</i>.283, [[αἰαῖ]] σᾶς ψυχᾶς E.<i>Hec</i>.182, [[αἰαῖ]] τῶ σκληρῶ μάλα δαίμονος Theoc.4.40, cf. <i>IUrb.Rom</i>.1379.1 (imper.)<br /><b class="num">•</b>c. dat. [[αἰαῖ]] σοι, κραδίη δειλή <i>Orac.Sib</i>.5.111.<br /><b class="num">2</b> expr. la risa o la carcajada, equiv. a [[ay, ay]] o [[ja, ja]] [[αἰαῖ]]· γελῶν δ' ἐπηκροώμην Pl.Com.16, ([[αἰαῖ]]) ἔστι δὲ πολὺ παρὰ τοῖς τῆς μέσης κωμῳδίας καὶ τῆς νέας ποιηταῖς Phot.α 499 (<i>ad loc</i>.).
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{{bailly
|btext=<i>adv.</i><br /><i>dans les loc.</i> αἲ [[γάρ]], αἲ γὰρ [[δή]] <i>avec l'opt. ou un inf. employé abs.</i> : « plaise <i>ou</i> plût aux dieux que… ! ».
}}
{{elnl
|elnltext=αἴ κε Aeol. voor εἰ ἄν (= [[ἐάν]]), zie εἰ.
}}
{{elru
|elrutext='''αἴ:''' (с γάρ) о, если бы, только бы, лишь бы: αἲ γὰρ δὴ [[οὕτως]] εἴη! Hom. о, если бы так вышло!
}}
{{ls
|lstext='''αἴ''': [[ἐπιφώνημα]] θαυμασμοῦ ἢ ἀγανακτήσεως, = ἆ ! Ἡρωδιαν. παρ’ Ἀρκαδ. 183. 20, Ἰωανν. Ἀλεξ. τονικὰ παραγγέλμ. 32, 25, [[ὅστις]] ἀναφέρει ὡς [[παράδειγμα]] τὸ αἲ τάλαν, ἐκ τοῦ Πλούτ. τοῦ Ἀριστοφ. 706. ΙΙ. αἶ (περισπώμενον) [[ἐπιφώνημα]] θλίψεως, = ἄχ ! Λατ. vae μόνον ἐν χρήσει ἐν τῷ δισυλλάβῳ [[αἰαῖ]], (ὡς μανθάνομεν παρὰ τοῦ Ἡρωδιαν. Περὶ μον. λέξ. 27. 13.), οὐχὶ κατὰ διαίρεσιν αἶ αἶ ἢ αἴ αἴ (ὡς ἐν τοῖς χειρογρ.), ἀλλὰ καθ’ ἕνωσιν, ὡς ἀνωτέρω. Εἶναι συχν. παρὰ Τραγ. [[αἰαῖ]] τόλμας, Εὐρ. Ἱππ. 814· καὶ κατ’ ἐπανάληψιν, [[αἰαῖ]] [[αἰαῖ]] μελέων ἔργων, Αἰσχύλ. Χο. 1007, πρβλ. Πέρσ. 1039: [[συχνάκις]] δὲ τίθεται ἐν τῷ στίχῳ μετὰ χασμωδίας, [[οἷον]], [[αἰαῖ]] ἱκνοῦμαι, Σοφ. Ἠλ. 136, πρβλ. Τρ. 969, μεταγεν. μετὰ αἰτ. [[αἰαῖ]] τὰν Κυθέρειαν, Βίων 1. 28 κλπ.· [[αἰαῖ]] πέτρον ἐκεῖνον, Ἀνθ. Π. 7. 554, πρβλ. 9, 424: - ἐν Ἀριστοφ. Ἀχ. 1083 τὸ [[αἰαῖ]] τοῦ Λαμάχου ἐμπαικτικῶς ἐπαναλαμβάνεται ὑπὸ τοῦ Δικαιοπόλιδος.
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{{Autenrieth
|auten=if, if only, [[whether]]; [[conjunction]], used in conditional clauses, and in the [[expression]] of a [[wish]]; [[always]] [[with]] κέ, [[κέν]] ([[never]] ἄν), or [[γάρ]], and [[never]] separated [[from]] these particles by [[another]] [[particle]] (εἰ δέ κε, [[never]] αἰ δέ κε).—I. conditional, [[regularly]] foll. by subj., [[rarely]] by opt. (Il. 7.387, Od. 13.389). Here belongs the so-called ‘[[interrogative]]’ [[use]], as πειρήσομαι αἴ κε [[τύχωμι]], Il. 5.279.—II. optative, to [[express]] a [[wish]], ‘would [[that]],’ αἲ [[γάρ]], or αἲ γὰρ δή w. opt., [[generally]] referring to fut. [[time]], [[but]] [[sometimes]] of an [[unfulfilled]] [[wish]] in pres. [[time]] (Il. 7.132); foll. by inf., Od. 7.311, Od. 24.376.
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{{etym
|etymtx=Grammatical information: interj.<br />Meaning: <b class="b2">exclamation of surprise, pain, sorrow.</b><br />Other forms: Also [[αἰαι]].̃<br />Origin: XX [etym. unknown]<br />Etymology: Elementary formation, found in many languages.
}}
{{mdlsj
|mdlsjtxt=Exclam. of [[astonishment]], ha! αἲ [[τάλας]] Ar.
}}