View source for πένταθλον

{{LSJ1
|Full diacritics=πένταθλον
|Medium diacritics=πένταθλον
|Low diacritics=πένταθλον
|Capitals=ΠΕΝΤΑΘΛΟΝ
|Transliteration A=péntathlon
|Transliteration B=pentathlon
|Transliteration C=pentathlon
|Beta Code=pe/ntaqlon
|Definition=Lyr. and Ion. [[πεντάεθλον]], τό, [[pentathlon]], [[contest of the five exercises]] (viz. <b class="b3">ἅλμα, ποδωκείην, δίσκον, ἄκοντα, πάλην</b>, <span class="bibl">Simon.153</span>), <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>13.30</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">N.</span>7.8</span>, <span class="bibl">B.8.104</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">πεντάεθλον ἐπασκέειν</b> or ἀσκέειν <span class="bibl">Hdt.6.92</span>, <span class="bibl">9.33</span>; <b class="b3">πένταθλ' ἃ νομίζεται</b> is corrupt in <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>691</span>; cf. [[πέμπαθλον]].
}}
{{pape
|ptext=[[https://www.translatum.gr/images/pape/pape-02-0556.png Seite 556]] τό, ion. πεντάεθλον, der Fünfkampf, quinquertium, der Inbegriff der fünf Leibesübungen [[ἅλμα]], [[δίσκος]], [[δρόμος]], [[πάλη]], [[πυγμή]]; Pind. Ol. 13, 29; plur., N. 7, 8; [[δρόμων]], διαύλων, πεντάεθλ' ἃ νομίζεται, Soph. El. 681; πεντάεθλον ἐπασκήσας, Her. 6, 92. 9, 33; es wurden jene fünf Uebungen auch allein angestellt, und der Sieger in jeder einzelnen belohnt, das [[πένταθλον]] aber erfordert einen Sieg in allen fünf hinter einander erkämpft, vgl. Böckh Inscr. 34 p. 52 a u. explicatt. zu Pind. N. 7, 71, u. s. das Folgende.
}}
{{bailly
|btext=ου (τό) :<br />concours qui se compose de cinq exercices, la course ([[δρόμος]]), la lutte ([[πάλη]]), le pugilat ([[πυγμή]], <i>postér.</i> [[ἀκόντισις]], [[ἄκων]], ἄκόντιον), le saut (ἅλμος), le jet du disque <i>ou</i> du palet ([[δίσκος]]).<br />'''Étymologie:''' [[πέντε]], [[ἆθλον]].
}}
{{elnl
|elnltext=πένταθλον -ου, τό, Ion. πεντάεθλον, poët. πενταέθλιον [πεντα-, ἆθλον] vijfkamp.
}}
{{elru
|elrutext='''πέντᾱθλον:''' ион. [[πεντάεθλον]] τό пентатл, пятиборье (т. е. совокупность следующих видов борьбы: [[δρόμος]]; [[πάλη]]; [[πυγμή]] - поздн. [[ἀκόντισις]], тж. [[ἄκων]] или [[ἀκόντιον]]; [[ἅλμα]]; [[δίσκος]]) Her., Pind., Soph.
}}
{{lsm
|lsmtext='''πένταθλον:''' Ιων. -[[άεθλον]], τό, [[αγώνισμα]] που αποτελείται από [[πέντε]] αθλήματα, Λατ. quinquertium, σε Πίνδ.· [[πεντάεθλον]] ἀσκεῖν ή <i>ἐπασκεῖν</i>, σε Ηρόδ. Τέτοιες ασκήσεις ήταν το [[ἅλμα]], ο [[δίσκος]], ο [[δρόμος]], η [[πάλη]], η [[πυγμή]], η τελευταία αντικαθιστώντας το [[αγώνισμα]] [[ἀκόντισις]] ή <i>ἀκών</i>· αυτά συνοψίζονται στον πεντάμετρο στίχο του Σιμων., [[ἅλμα]], <i>ποδωκείην</i>, <i>δίσκον</i>, <i>ἄκοντα</i>, <i>πάλην</i>.
}}
{{ls
|lstext='''πένταθλον''': Ἰων. πεντάεθλον, τό, ὁ ἀγὼν τῶν [[πέντε]] ἄθλων ἢ ἀσκήσεων, Λατ. quinquertium, Πινδ. (ὃς ἐν Ο. 13. 41. ἔχει [[πένταθλον]], ἐν δὲ Ν. 7. 12 πεντάεθλον)· πεντάεθλον ἀσκεῖν ἢ ἐπασκεῖν Ἡρόδ. 6. 92., 9. 33· ἐν Σοφ. Ἠλ. 691, ὁ Πόρσων διώρθωσεν ἆθλ’ [[ἅπερ]] νομίζεται ἀντὶ τῆς ἐν Ἀντιγράφοις γραφῆςπεντάεθλ’ ἃ νομίζεται· ἀλλ΄ ὁ Ἔρμανν. [[ὅλως]] ἀπορρίπτει τὸν στίχον.― Οἱ [[πέντε]] οὗτοι ἆθλοι συγκεφαλαιοῦνται ἐν τῷ στίχῳ τοῦ Σιμωνίδου: ἅλμα, ποδωκείην, δίσκον, ἄκοντα, πάλην· τὸ ὅτι ἡ πυγμὴ ἐλάμβανεν [[ἐνίοτε]] τὴν θέσιν τοῦ ἄκοντος τοῦτο φαίνεται στηρίζεται εἰς τὸν στίχον τῆς Ὀδ. Θ. 130. Περὶ τῆς τάξεως καθ’ ἢν εἵποντο ἀλλήλοις, οἱ ἆθλοι οὗτοι ὅρα Böckh καὶ Donaldson εἰς Πίνδ. Ν. 7· καὶ Herm. Opusc. 3. 26 κἑξ, περὶ δὲ τοῦ ὅλου ζητήματος ἴδε P. Gardener ἐν Hell. J. τ. 1, σ. 210 κἑξ.
}}
{{mdlsj
|mdlsjtxt=πέντ-αθλον, ''Ionic'' -άεθλον, ου, τό,<br />the [[contest]] of the [[five]] exercises, Lat. [[quinquertium]], Pind.; [[πεντάεθλον]] ἀσκεῖν or ἐπασκεῖν Hdt.—These exercises were [[ἅλμα]], [[δίσκος]], [[δρόμος]], [[πάλη]], [[πυγμή]], the [[last]] [[being]] exchanged for the [[ἀκόντισις]] or ἀκών; they are summed in one pentam., [[ἅλμα]], ποδωκείην, δίσκον, ἄκοντα, πάλην.
}}
{{wkpen
|wketx=The first documented pentathlon occurred in 708 BC in Ancient Greece at the Ancient Olympic Games, and was also held at the other Panhellenic Games. The name derives from Greek words for "five competitions". The event proved popular and lent itself to illustrations on ancient Greek pottery. It also featured in Greek mythology; the mythical hero Perseus fulfilled an oracle's prophecy by accidentally killing Acrisius with a discus while competing in the pentathlon. In mythology, Jason is credited with inventing the pentathlon, and he declared his friend Peleus the first winner of the event, after his victory in the wrestling. The wide variety of skills needed to compete meant that pentathletes were held in high esteem as physical specimens: in Rhetoric, Aristotle remarked "a body capable of enduring all efforts, either of the racecourse or of bodily strength...This is why the athletes in the pentathlon are most beautiful". 1912 Olympic gold medal winner Ferdinand Bie referenced that story after completing the events.

By the 77th Olympics, the athletic event was usually ordered into the triagmos (long jump, javelin throw, and discus throw), followed by the stadion foot race, and wrestling as the final event. Unlike modern athletics, the first three events did not appear as individual events outside of the pentathlon format. Other variations on the format included boxing or pankration instead of the stadion race.
}}
{{trml
|trtx=Bulgarian: петобой; Catalan: pentatló; Czech: pětiboj; Finnish: antiikin viisiottelu; Galician: péntatlon; Italian: [[pentathlon]]; Portuguese: [[pentatlo]]; Romanian: pentatlon; Russian: [[пятиборье]]; Spanish: [[pentatlón]]
}}