View source for ὑπό

{{LSJ1
|Full diacritics=ὑπό
|Medium diacritics=ὑπό
|Low diacritics=υπό
|Capitals=ΥΠΟ
|Transliteration A=hypó
|Transliteration B=hypo
|Transliteration C=ypo
|Beta Code=u(po/
|Definition=[ῠ], Prep. with gen., dat., and acc.: Aeol. ὐπά <span class="bibl">Alc.39</span>; Boeot. ὑπά <span class="sense"><p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> Ἀρχ.Δελτ. <span class="bibl">14</span> Pl. ii 19 (Thespiae, iii B.C.); Ion. ηυπύ only in <span class="title">IG</span> 14.871 (Cumae, v B.C.); Arc. ὁπύ <span class="title">Schwyzer</span> 664.15,21 (Orchom.Arc., iv B.C.); in Ep. ὑπαί (also <span class="bibl">B. 12.139</span>): this is found in Hom. only six times as a well-attested reading (ὑ. πόδα <span class="bibl">Il.2.824</span>, ὑ. δέ <span class="bibl">3.217</span>, <span class="bibl">11.417</span>, <span class="bibl">12.149</span>, ὑ. δείους <span class="bibl">10.376</span>, <span class="bibl">15.4</span>); elsewh. (before <b class="b3">λ ν ρ ϝ</b>) it is weakly attested as v. l. for <b class="b3">ὑπὸ</b> (?~X ¯ ), e.g. <b class="b3">ποσσὶ δ' ὑπὸ</b> (v.l. [[ὑπαὶ]]) λιπαροῖσι <span class="bibl">Il.2.44</span>, al.; but <b class="b3">ὑπαὶ νεφέων</b> is given by most codd. in <span class="bibl">Il.15.625</span>, <span class="bibl">16.375</span> (v. Allen ed. maj.), and ὑπαὶ νεφέεσσι Anon. ap. Plu.2.38e; also in compds., ὑπαιδείδοικα <span class="bibl"><span class="title">h.Merc.</span>165</span>, <b class="b3">ὑπαιφοινίσσω</b> (q. v.); it is not freq. in Trag. Poets, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>892</span>,<span class="bibl">944</span>,<span class="bibl">1164</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Eu.</span>417</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span> 711</span>,<span class="bibl">1418</span> (lyr.), <span class="title">Inach.</span> in <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PTeb.</span>692 ii5</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">El.</span>1188</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl">Ar. <span class="title">Ach.</span>970</span> (paratrag.). (With <b class="b3">ὑπό</b> (ὕπο) cf. Skt. <b class="b2">úpa</b> 'towards, near to, etc.', Goth. <b class="b2">uf</b> 'under'.) </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">A</span> WITH GENITIVE, </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">I</span> of Place, with Verbs of motion, <b class="b2">from under</b>, <b class="b3">αὖτις ἀναστήσονται ὑ. ζόφου</b> they will rise again <b class="b2">from under</b> the gloom, <span class="bibl">Il.21.56</span>; ὑ. χθονὸς ἧκε φόωσδε <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Th.</span>669</span>; ῥέει κρήνη ὑ. σπείους <span class="bibl">Od.9.141</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phdr.</span>230b</span>; ὄσσε δεινὸν ὑ. βλεφάρων ἐξεφάανθεν <span class="bibl">Il.19.17</span>; <b class="b3">ἐσιδόντες ὑπαὶ χειμῶνος αἴγλαν</b> <b class="b2">from under</b> the storm-cloud, <span class="bibl">B.12.139</span>; esp. of rescuing <b class="b2">from under</b> another's power, after the Verbs <b class="b3">ἐρύεσθαι, ἁρπάζειν, ῥύεσθαι, ἐρύειν</b>, <span class="bibl">Il.9.248</span>, <span class="bibl">13.198</span>, <span class="bibl">17.224</span>,<span class="bibl">235</span>; ἤγαγεν ὑμέτερόνδ' ἀνδροκτασίης ὕ. λυγρῆς <b class="b2">from the consequences of</b>, <span class="bibl">23.86</span>; also <b class="b3">ἵππους μὲν λῦσαν ὑ. ζυγοῦ</b> <b class="b2">from under</b> the yoke, <span class="bibl">8.543</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.4.39</span>; <b class="b3">ὑπ' ἀρνειοῦ λυόμην</b> I loosed myself <b class="b2">from under</b> the ram, <span class="bibl">9.463</span>; <b class="b3">σπλάγχνων ὕπο ματέρος μόλεν</b>, i.e. was born, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">N.</span>1.35</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">O.</span>6.43</span>; rarely in Trag., ὑ. πτερῶν σπάσας <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Andr.</span>441</span>; περᾷ γὰρ ἥδ' ὑ. σκηνῆς πόδα <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Hec.</span>53</span>; once in Hdt., τὰς δέ οἱ ἵππους ὑ. τοῦ ἅρματος νεμομένας ἀφανισθῆναι <span class="bibl">4.8</span>; αἴ τις ὑ. τῶν νομίων τῶν ἐπιϝοικων ἀνχωρέῃ <span class="title">SIG</span>47.27 (Locris, v B.C.); cf. [[ὑπέκ]]. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> of the object <b class="b2">under</b> which a thing is or is placed, <b class="b2">under, beneath</b>, with collat. sense of motion, as <b class="b3">μοχλὸν ὑ. σποδοῦ ἤλασα πολλῆς</b> thrust it <b class="b2">in under</b> the embers, <span class="bibl">Od. 9.375</span>; ὑ. στέρνοιο τυχήσας <span class="bibl">Il.4.106</span>; τοὺς μὲν ὑ. χθονὸς εὐρυοδείης πέμψαν <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Th.</span>717</span>: also without the sense of motion, ὑπ' ἀνθερεῶνος ὀχεὺς τέτατο <span class="bibl">Il.3.372</span>; βάθιστον ὑ. χθονός ἐστι βέρεθρον <span class="bibl">8.14</span>; ἐτέθαπτο ὑ. χθονός <span class="bibl">Od.11.52</span>; κεκευθὼς πολεμίας ὑ. χθονός <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>588</span>; ὑπ' ἀγκῶνος βέλη <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>2.83</span>; νέρθεν ὑπ' ἐγκεφάλοιο <span class="bibl">Il.16.347</span>; τὰ ὑ. γῆς δικαιωτήρια <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phdr.</span>249a</span>; δεξιὰν ὑφ' εἵματος κρύπτειν <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hec.</span>342</span>; <b class="b3">φέρειν ζώνης ὕπο</b> ib.<span class="bibl">762</span>: Thom.Mag.<span class="bibl">p.375</span> R. says that <b class="b3">ὑ</b>. = <b class="b2">under</b> takes gen. in Att., acc. in 'Hellenic' Greek; <b class="b3">κατακρύψας ὑ. κόπρου</b>, which is v.l. in <span class="bibl">Od.9.329</span> for <b class="b3">ὑ. κόπρῳ</b>, is called by <span class="bibl">Eust.1631.36</span> <b class="b3">Ἀττικώτερον, ὁποῖον καὶ τὸ φέρειν τι ὑ. κόλπου ἢ ὑ. μάλης</b> (v. <b class="b3">κόλπος, μάλη</b>); but in Att. Prose, Hdt., and the Koine <b class="b3">ὑ</b>. c. gen. in signfs. <span class="bibl">1.1</span>, <span class="bibl">2</span> is almost limited to these and a few other phrases, esp. <b class="b3">ὑ. γῆς;</b> it is not found at all in Th., LXX, Ptolemaic papyri, and <b class="b2">NT;</b> X. has <b class="b3">ὑ. ἁμάξης</b> ( = <b class="b2">from under</b>) <span class="bibl"><span class="title">An.</span>6.4.22</span>,<span class="bibl">25</span>; the Orators have only <b class="b3">ὑ. μάλης</b>, <span class="bibl">Lys.<span class="title">Fr.</span>54</span>, <span class="bibl">D.29.12</span>; <b class="b3">ὑ. γῆς</b> is found in <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ap.</span>18b</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Mx.</span> 246d</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">R.</span>414d</span>, al., <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Mete.</span>352b6</span>, al., <span class="bibl">Hipparch.2.2.45</span>, <span class="bibl">Plb.18.18.10</span> (ὑ. τῆς γῆς), <span class="bibl">21.28.3</span>,<span class="bibl">10</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">b</span> metaph., <b class="b3">ἀρετῶσι δὲ λαοὶ ὑπ' αὐτοῦ</b> <b class="b2">under</b> his rule, <span class="bibl">Od.19.114</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> of Cause or Agency, freq. with pass. Verbs, and with intr. Verbs in pass. sense, μή πως τάχ' ὑπ' αὐτοῦ δουρὶ δαμήῃς <span class="bibl">Il.3.436</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">4.479</span>; ἡνιόχοιο ἐν κονίῃσι πεσόντος ὑφ' Ἕκτορος <span class="bibl">17.428</span>; <b class="b3">εὖτ' ἂν πολλοὶ ὑφ' Ἕκτορος θνῂσκοντες πίπτωσι</b> <span class="bibl">1.242</span>; τὸν . . τοκέα ὑ. τοῦ . . παιδὸς ἀποθνῄσκειν <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.137</span>; οἵαις ὑπ' αὐτοῦ πημοναῖσι κάμπτομαι <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>308</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Th.</span>7</span>, al.; πέλεκυς . . ὅς τ' εἶσιν διὰ δουρὸς ὑπ' ἀνέρος <span class="bibl">Il.3.61</span>; ὑπ' Ἀχαιῶν . . φοβέοντο . . ἀπὸ νηῶν <span class="bibl">16.303</span>; πάσχειν δὲ κακῶς ἐχθρὸν ὑπ' ἐχθρῶν <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pr.</span>1042</span> (anap.); ὑ. τοῦ Μήδου δεινότερα τούτων πάσχοντες <span class="bibl">Th.1.77</span>; ἐκπεσόντες ὑ. τοῦ πλήθους <span class="bibl">Id.4.66</span>; ἀναστάτων Καμαριναίων γενομένων ὑ. Συρακοσίων <span class="bibl">Id.6.5</span>; ὑφ' ὑμῶν αὐτῶν καὶ μὴ ὑ. τῶν πολεμίων τοῦτο παθεῖν <span class="bibl">Id.4.64</span>; <b class="b3">κλύοντές ἐσμεν αἰσχίστους λόγους . . τοῦδ' ὑπ' ἀνδρὸς ἀρτίως</b> we have been called shameful names <b class="b2">by</b>... <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>1321</span>; <b class="b3">κακῶς ὑ. τῶν πολιτῶν ἀκούειν</b> to be ill spoken of <b class="b2">by</b>... <span class="bibl">Isoc.4.77</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Hp.Ma.</span>304e</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span> 7.7.23</span>; of a subordinate agent, <b class="b3">ὑ. κήρυκος προαγορεύειν, ἀπειπεῖν κηρύκων ὕπο</b>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.9.98</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Alc.</span>737</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Th.6.32</span>; ἐμῶν ὑπ' ἀγγέλων . . πορεύεται <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>391</span>; ὑ. ἀγγέλων πέμπων <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phlb.</span>66a</span>: sts. with a verbal Subst., <b class="b3">τὸ ὑ. νόμου ἐπίταγμα</b> (i. e. <b class="b3">ἐπιταττόμενον</b>) <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">R.</span>359a</span>; ἐκφορὰ φίλων ὕπο <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>1029</span>; ἡ ὑπ' ἀρετῆς Ἡρακλέους παίδευσις <span class="bibl">X. <span class="title">Mem.</span>2.1.34</span>; ἡ ὑ. πάντων τιμή <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>3.3.2</span>; Ἥρας δεσμοὶ ὑ. ὑέος <span class="bibl">Pl. <span class="title">R.</span>378d</span>; so <b class="b3">ἄτρωτον ἦν ὑ. στύγους</b>( = [[οὐ τετρωμένον]]) prob. in <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ch.</span> 532</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> also in pregnant phrases, not only of the immediate act of the agent, but also of its further result, <b class="b3">ὅθ' ὑ. λιγέων ἀνέμων σπέρχωσιν ἄελλαι</b> hasten driven on <b class="b2">by</b> them, <span class="bibl">Il.13.334</span>; <b class="b3">ὑφ' Ἕκτορος . . φεύγοντες</b> fleeing <b class="b2">before</b> him, <span class="bibl">18.149</span>, χάσσονται ὑπ' ἔγχεος <span class="bibl">13.153</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">7.64</span>, <span class="bibl">11.119</span>,<span class="bibl">424</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.5.320</span>, <span class="bibl">7.263</span>, al.; πράγματα εἶχον ὑ. λῃστῶν <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>5.1.5</span>; <b class="b3">ἔπαινον, αἰτίαν ἔχειν ὑ. τινῶν</b>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.9.78</span>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Eu.</span>99</span>; οὐκέτι ἀποχωρεῖν οἷόν τ' ἦν ὑ. τῶν ἱππέων <span class="bibl">Th.7.78</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">V.</span>1084</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> freq. of things as well as persons, ὡς διάκειμαι ὑ. τῆς νόσου <span class="bibl">Th.7.77</span>; κεῖμαι νούσου ὕ. στυγερᾶς <span class="title">IG</span>42(1).125.8 (Epid., iii B.C.); χαλεπῶς ἔχειν ὑ. τραυμάτων <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Tht.</span>142b</span>; ὑ. δόρατος πλαγείς <span class="title">IG</span>42(1).122.64 (Epid., iv B.C.); <b class="b3">ὑ. ἔχιος φῦμα</b> ib.123.4 (ibid., iv B.C.); <b class="b3">ἰάθη ὑ. ὄφιος</b> ib.121.113 (ibid., iv B.C.); κατεσκεύασαν τὰς πύλας κλείεσθαι ὑ. σφύρας τε μεγάλης καὶ κτύπου παμμεγέθους γιγνομένου <span class="bibl">Aen.Tact.20.4</span>: of the agency of feelings, passions, etc., ἀνόρουσ' ὑ. χάρματος <span class="bibl"><span class="title">h.Cer.</span> 371</span>; <b class="b3">ἐνδακρύειν, ἀνολολύξαι χαρᾶς ὕπο</b>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>541</span>,<span class="bibl">587</span>; μαίνεται . . ὑφ' ἡδονῆς <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>1153</span>; χλωρὸς ὑπαὶ δείους <span class="bibl">Il.10.376</span>; ὑ. δέους ἔρρηξε φωνήν <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.85</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Th.6.33</span>; οὐ δυνατὸν τὸν δῆμον ἐσόμενον ὑ. τῶν κακῶν καρτερεῖν <span class="bibl">Id.4.66</span>; ὑ. κακοῦ ἀγρυπνίῃσι εἴχετο <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.129</span>; ὑπ' ἄλγους <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Eu.</span>183</span>; ὑπ' ὀργῆς <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">V.</span>1083</span>; ὑ. λύπης <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OT</span>1073</span>: hence <b class="b3">ὑπό</b> is used even with active Verbs, where a passive word may be supplied, e.g. <b class="b3">ὑ. ἀρετῆς καὶ προθυμίης συνεπλήρουν τὰς νέας</b> <b class="b2">from</b> courage, i. e. impelled <b class="b2">by</b> courage, <span class="bibl">Hdt.8.1</span>; ὤρυσσον ὑ. μαστίγων <span class="bibl">Id.7.22</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">56</span>; <b class="b3">οὐδὲ σέ γε δόλος ἔσχ' ὑ. χειρὸς ἐμᾶς</b> <b class="b2">by</b> my agency, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span> 1118</span> (lyr.); <b class="b3">αἰ μήτις αὐτὸς δοίη, μὴ ὑπ' ἀνάγκας</b> not <b class="b2">under</b> compulsion, <span class="title">GDI</span>5128.5 (Vaxos). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> <b class="b3">ὑπό</b> freq. serves to denote the attendant or accompanying circumstances, νέφος ἐρχόμενον κατὰ πόντον ὑ. Ζεφύροιο ἰωῆς <span class="bibl">Il.4.276</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">16.591</span>, etc.: sts. with part. added, <b class="b3">ἀμφὶ δὲ νῆες σμερδαλέον κονάβησαν ἀϋσάντων ὑπ' Ἀχαιῶν</b> <b class="b2">at</b> their shouting, i.e. when they shouted, <span class="bibl">2.334</span>, <span class="bibl">16.277</span>; ἴαχε σάλπιγξ ἄστυ περιπλομένων δηΐων ὕ. <span class="bibl">18.220</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">5</span> of <b class="b2">accompanying</b> music, to give the time, κώμαζον ὑπ' αὐλοῦ <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Sc.</span>281</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">278</span>; ᾄδων ὑπ' αὐλητῆρος <span class="bibl">Archil.123</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Thgn.825</span>, <span class="bibl">Charon <span class="title">Fr.</span>9</span>; πίνειν ὑ. σάλπιγγος <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ach.</span>1001</span>: generally, of anything <b class="b2">attendant</b>, <b class="b3">δαΐδων ὕ. λαμπομενάων ἠγίνεον</b> <b class="b2">by</b> torchlight, <span class="bibl">Il.18.492</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hel.</span>639</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ion</span>1474</span> (lyr.); καταθάψομεν . . ὑ. κλαυθμῶν <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>1554</span> (anap.); ὑπ' εὐκλείας θανεῖν <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hipp.</span>1299</span>; εἴσειμ' ὑπαὶ πτερύγων κιχλᾶν καὶ κοψίχων <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ach.</span>970</span>; <b class="b3">ὑπ' εὐφήμου βοῆς θῦσαι</b> offer a sacrifice <b class="b2">accompanied by</b> it, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>630</span>; <b class="b3">ὑ. φανοῦ πορεύεσθαι</b> <b class="b2">by</b> lantern-light, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Lac.</span>5.7</span>; <b class="b3">ὑ. πομπῆς ἐξάγειν τινά</b> <b class="b2">in</b> or <b class="b2">with</b> solemn procession, <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.45</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Th.</span>1030</span>; <b class="b3">ὑ. βίης βήξας</b> coughing <b class="b2">with</b> violence, violently, <span class="bibl">Hdt.6.107</span>; <b class="b3">ἐτόξευον ὑ. μαστίγων</b>, i.e. they shot and lashed, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>3.4.25</span>: v. infr. <span class="bibl">B. 11.4</span>, C. IV. 1. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">6</span> <b class="b3">ὑ. Ἑλλανοδικᾶν</b>, = [[ἐπί]] c. gen., <span class="title">SIG</span>171 (Olympia, iv B.C.). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">7</span> Math., <b class="b3">ἡ ὑ. ΘΔΗ</b> <b class="b2">the angle</b> <b class="b3">ΘΔΗ</b>( = [[ἡ ὑ. τῶν ΘΔ, ΔΗ περιεχομένη γωνία]]), <span class="bibl">Procl. <span class="title">Hyp.</span>2.26</span>; but also <b class="b3">τὸ ὑ. τῶν ΑΓ, ΓΒ</b> <b class="b2">the rectangle contained by</b> <b class="b3">ΑΓ, ΓΒ</b>, = [[ΑΓ χ ΓΒ]], <span class="bibl">Euc.2.4</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">8</span> <b class="b3">ναῦλον ὄνων γ εἰς τὴν πόλιν ὑ. οἴνου</b> <b class="b2">laden with</b> wine, Pap. in <span class="title">Hermes</span> 28.163 (ii A.D.), cf. ib.479, and infr. C. IV. 2. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">B</span> WITH DATIVE (esp. in Poets, never in LXX (<span class="bibl"><span class="title">Jb.</span>12.5</span> is dub. l.) or <b class="b2">NT</b>, not common in Arist., Ptolemaic papyri, or Plb.), of Position <b class="b2">under</b>, ὑ. ποσσί <span class="bibl">Il.2.784</span>, al.; <b class="b3">ὑ. πλατανίστῳ</b> ib.<span class="bibl">307</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">18.558</span>; <b class="b3">ὑ. Τμώλῳ</b> <b class="b2">at</b> its <b class="b2">foot</b>, <span class="bibl">2.866</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Od.1.186</span>; Βερύσιοι ὑ. τῇ Ἴδῃ <span class="title">IG</span>12.191.11, cf. 373.118, al.; ὑ. τῇ ἀκροπόλι <span class="bibl">Hdt.6.105</span>; <b class="b3">τῶν θανόντων ὑπ' Ἰλίῳ</b> <b class="b2">under</b> its walls, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hec.</span>764</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>860</span>; πέτρῃ ὕ. γλαφυρῇ εὗδον, Βορέω ὑπ' ἰωγῇ <span class="bibl">Od.14.533</span>; ὑ. τοῖς ὄρεσιν ἔχειν τὰς πηγάς <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Mete.</span>350b27</span>; ὑ. πέτρᾳ παῖς <span class="title">IG</span>42(1).122.19 (Epid., iv B.C.); <b class="b3">ὑ. τῷ ναῷ ἀστραγαλίζοντος αὐτοῦ</b> ib.121.25 (ibid., iv B.C.); <b class="b3">ηυπὺ τῇ κλίνῃ τούτῃ ληνὸς</b> (or <b class="b3">Λῆνος</b>) ηύπυ ib.14.871 (Cumae, v B.C.); στρουθοὶ ὑ. τῇ τραπέζῃ <span class="title">Michel</span> 832.33 (Samos, iv B.C.); ὑ. τῇ μασχάλῃ <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Art.</span>11</span>; χέλυν δ' ὑ. μασχάλῃ εἶχεν <span class="bibl"><span class="title">h.Merc.</span>242</span>; ὑ. ταῖς μασχάλαις <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">PA</span>688b5</span>,<span class="bibl">14</span>; <b class="b3">ὁ ὑ. τῇ γῇ ἀήρ</b> <b class="b2">under</b> the earth, <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Cael.</span>295a28</span>; <b class="b3">ἐὰν ὑ. σοὶ κατακλινῇ</b> lies <b class="b2">next below</b> you, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Smp.</span>222e</span>; <b class="b3">ὑφ' ἅρμασι</b> <b class="b2">under</b>, i.e. <b class="b2">yoked to</b>, the chariot, <span class="bibl">Il.8.402</span>, <span class="bibl">18.244</span>; εἶχε μάχαιραν ὑφ' αὑτῷ παρεσκευασμένος <span class="bibl">Plb.8.20.6</span> codd., cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">POxy.</span>1800</span> <span class="title">Fr.</span>2.36 (<span class="title">Vit.Aesop.</span>); ὑ. τοῖς χιτωνίσκοις περιζώματα φοροῦσιν <span class="bibl">Plb.12.26a</span>.<span class="bibl">4</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">13.7.9</span>; <b class="b3">τά τε θηρία καὶ τὰς ὑπ' αὐτοῖς σχεδίας</b> <b class="b2">under</b> them, on which they stood, <span class="bibl">Id.3.46.8</span>; τῆς γῆς τῆς ὑ. τῷ κόσμῳ κειμένης Timae. ap. eund.<span class="bibl">12.25.7</span>; οἱ ὑ. τῇ ἄρκτῳ, τῇ μεσημβρία, οἰκοῦντες Adam.2.31, cf. <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Pr.</span>940a37</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Phgn.</span>806b16</span>; ὑ. τῷ μετώπῳ ὀφρύες <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">HA</span>491b14</span>; ὑ. τῷ γενείῳ <span class="bibl">Plb.34.10.9</span>; τὰ ὑ. τοῖς ὕδασι καὶ ὑμέσι καὶ ὑέλοις Hero <b class="b2">*Deff</b>.135.12; ὑ. τῷ δέρματι Gal. 18(2).102. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> with Verbs of motion, where rest or position follows, <b class="b3">εἷσαν ὑ. φηγῷ</b> set [him] <b class="b2">down under</b> it, <span class="bibl">Il.5.693</span>; ἔζευξαν ὑφ' ἅρμασιν . . ἵππους <span class="bibl">Od.3.478</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Il.24.782</span>; ὑ. δ' ἄξοσι . . ἔπιπτον <span class="bibl">16.378</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>7.1.37</span>; δέμνι' ὑπ' αἰθούσῃ θέμεναι <span class="bibl">Il.24.644</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> in such phrases as <b class="b3">ὑ. χερσί τινος ἁλῶναι, δαμῆναι</b>, <span class="bibl">2.374</span>,<span class="bibl">860</span>, al.; ἐμῇς ὑ. χερσὶ δάμασσον <span class="bibl">3.352</span>; ὑ. δουρὶ δαμῆναι <span class="bibl">5.653</span>, etc.; ἔκπεσον ἵππων Ἀτρεΐδεω ὑ. χερσί <span class="bibl">11.180</span>; ὤλετο . . ὑ. γαμφηλῇσι λέοντος <span class="bibl">16.489</span>; πέπληγμαι δ' ὑπαὶ δάκει φοινίῳ <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>1164</span> (lyr.); ἐν κονίῃσι πέσοιεν ὑπ' ἀνδράσι <span class="bibl">Il.6.453</span>; ὑ. τινὶ κτείνεσθαι <span class="bibl">16.490</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> <b class="b2">behind</b>, ὑ. φάλαγγι Ascl.<span class="title">Tact.</span>6.1; <b class="b2">under the cover</b> or <b class="b2">protection of</b>, ὑ. τούτῳ τῷ φράγματι τοὺς ὑπορύσσοντας εἶναι <span class="bibl">Aen.Tact.37.9</span>; ὑ. ταῖς αὑτῶν ἀσφαλείαις <span class="bibl">Plb. 1.57.8</span>, <span class="bibl">4.12.10</span>, <span class="bibl">16.6.1</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> of the person <b class="b2">under whose hand, power</b>, or <b class="b2">influence</b>, or the thing <b class="b2">by</b> or <b class="b2">through which</b> a thing is done, <b class="b3">ὑπ' Ἀργείοισι φέβοντο</b> fled <b class="b2">before</b> them, <span class="bibl">Il.11.121</span>; freq. in Hom. with intr. or pass. Verbs, ἐφόβηθεν ὑφ' Ἕκτορι <span class="bibl">Il.15.637</span>; ὁρμηθέντες ὑ. πληγῇσιν ἱμάσθλης <span class="bibl">Od.13.82</span>; βῆ . . θεῶν ὑ. πομπῇ <span class="bibl">Il.6.171</span>; ὦρτο δὲ κῦμα πνοιῇ ὕπο <span class="bibl">23.215</span>; ὑ. λαίλαπι βέβριθε χθών <span class="bibl">16.384</span>; <b class="b3">τεκεῖν, τεκέσθαι ὑ. τινί</b>, <span class="bibl">2.714</span>,<span class="bibl">728</span>,<span class="bibl">742</span>; ἀτῆθαι ὑ. τῷ μεμφομένῳ <span class="title">GDI</span>4994.8 (Crete); ὁ χρησμὸς ὁ γεγονὼς ὑ. τοῖ Ἀπόλλωνι <span class="title">Inscr.Magn.</span>38.5, cf. 12,31,52. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> expressing <b class="b2">subjection</b> or <b class="b2">dependence</b>, <b class="b3">ὑ. τινί</b> <b class="b2">under</b> one's <b class="b2">power</b>, δέδμητο δὲ λαὸς ὑπ' αὐτῷ <span class="bibl">Od.3.305</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Il.9.156</span>; ὑπ' ἀνδράσιν οἶκον ἔχουσιν <span class="bibl">Od. 7.68</span>; <b class="b3">εἶναι ὑ. τισί</b> to be <b class="b2">subordinate, subject to</b> them, <span class="bibl">Th.1.32</span>; <b class="b3">ὑ. Χείρωνι τεθραμμένος</b> <b class="b2">under the eye of</b>... <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>391c</span>; <b class="b3">ἔχειν ὑφ' ἑαυτῷ</b> have <b class="b2">under</b> one, <b class="b2">at</b> one's <b class="b2">command</b>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>2.1.26</span>; τὰ θηρία τὰ ὑ. τοῖς ἀνθρώποις <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>563c</span>; ὑ. τινὶ στρατεύσασθαι <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Cic.</span>44</span>: in pregnant sense, ἵνα . . πάντα ὑ. Πέρσῃσι γένηται <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.11</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Th.7.64</span>; ὑπ' ἑωυτῷ ποιήσασθαι <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.157</span>; κινδυνεύσαιμ' ἂν ὑ. τῇ δυσχερεστάτῃ γενέσθαι τύχῃ <span class="bibl">Lys.24.6</span>; ὑ. τῷ Μακεδόνι ταττομένων <span class="bibl">Plb.18.11.4</span>; τοὺς τραφέντας ὑ. τούτοις <span class="bibl">Id.6.7.2</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> of the subordination of things coming <b class="b2">under</b> a class, αἱ ὑ. ταῖς τέχναις ἐργασίαι <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Smp.</span>205c</span>; τὸ ὑ. ταῖς γεωμετρίαις <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">R.</span>511b</span>; ὄργανα . . τὰ ὑ. τῇ μουσικῇ <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Hp.Ma.</span> 295d</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">4</span> as in A. 11.5, <b class="b3">ὑπ' αὐλητῆρι πρόσθ' ἔκιον</b> advanced <b class="b2">to the music of</b> the flute-player, <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Sc.</span>283</span>; <b class="b3">ὑπ' αὐλῷ, ὑ. κήρυκι καὶ θεολόγῳ</b>, <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">DDeor.</span>2.2</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Alex.</span>19</span>; ὑ. μάστιξι διορύττειν τὸν Ἄθω Plu.2.470e: generally, of attendant circumstances, ἐξ ἁλὸς εἶσι . . πνοιῇ ὕπο Ζεφύροιο <span class="bibl">Od.4.402</span>; <b class="b3">ὑ. ῥάβδοις καὶ πελέκεσι κατιών</b> <b class="b2">escorted by</b> the lictors, <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Publ.</span>10</span>; <b class="b3">ὑ. σκότῳ, νυκτί</b>, <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span>1030</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl">A.R. 1.1022</span>, etc.; λάμπει δ' ὑ. μαρμαρυγαῖς ὁ χρυσός <span class="bibl">B.3.17</span>; αἰθομένα δᾲς ὑ. ξανθαἵσι πεύκαις <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">Fr.</span>79</span>; ὑ. φωτὶ πολλῷ προσῄει <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Galb.</span>14</span>; ὑ. λαμπάσιν ἡμμέναις <span class="bibl">Hld.10.41</span>; <b class="b3">ὑ. πολλῷ στρατῷ</b> <b class="b2">escorted by</b> a great host, <span class="bibl">Nic.Dam.10J.</span>; ὑ. δικαιοσύνῃ διαγαγεῖν τὸν βίον <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ep.</span>335d</span>.— <b class="b3">ὑπό</b> has no sense c. dat. which it has not also c. gen.; but all its senses c. gen. do not belong to the dat.:—later <b class="b3">ὑπό</b> c. dat. is found as a mere periphr. of the dat., στέφος . . αὐτὸς ὑφ' ἡμετέραις πλεξάμενος παλάμαις <span class="title">AP</span>5.73 (Rufin.), cf. <span class="bibl">85</span> (Claudian.); λέων ὑπ' ἄκοντι τετυμμένος <span class="bibl">A.R.2.26</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Man.2.131</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">C</span> WITH ACCUSATIVE, of Place; to express motion <b class="b2">towards and under</b> an object, <b class="b3">ὑ. σπέος ἤλασε μῆλα</b> drove them <b class="b2">under</b>, i.e. <b class="b2">into</b>, the cave, <span class="bibl">Il.4.279</span>; ὑ. ζυγὸν ἤγαγεν <span class="bibl">Od.3.383</span>; <b class="b3">σεῦ ὕστερος εἶμ' ὑ. γαῖαν</b>, i.e. shall die, <span class="bibl">Il.18.333</span>; νέεσθαι ὑ. ζόφον <span class="bibl">23.51</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Od.3.335</span>; <b class="b3">κατακρύπτειν τινὰ ὑ. τὴν αὐτὴν θύρην</b> <b class="b2">under shelter</b> of it, i.e. <b class="b2">behind</b> it, <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.12</span>; πάϊς ὣς ὑ. μητέρα δύσκεν εἰς Αἴαντα <span class="bibl">Il.8.271</span>; ὅκως ἔωσι ὑ. τὸν πεζὸν στρατὸν τὸν σφέτερον <span class="bibl">Hdt.9.96</span>; ὑ. τὸν πρῶτον λόχον τῶν ὁπλιτῶν τὸν πρῶτον λόχον τῶν ψιλῶν τετάχθαι <span class="bibl">Ael.<span class="title">Tact.</span>15.2</span>; of coming <b class="b2">close up under</b> a lofty citadel, <b class="b3">ἤλθεθ' ὑ. Τροίην</b> <b class="b2">up to</b> T., <span class="bibl">Od.4.146</span>; ὅτ' ἔμελλεν ὑ. πτόλιν αἰπύ τε τεῖχος ἵξεσθαι <span class="bibl">Il.11.181</span>; παυρότερον λαὸν ἀγαγόνθ' ὑ. τεῖχος ἄρειον <span class="bibl">4.407</span>; ὑ. τὰ τείχη φεύγειν <span class="bibl">Plb.1.74.11</span>; ὑ. τὰς ἴλας φεύγειν <span class="bibl">Id.3.65.7</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">3.105.6</span>, <span class="bibl">11.21.5</span>, al.; ὑ. ταὐτὸ στέγος εἰσελθεῖν <span class="title">GDI</span>3536 <span class="title">B</span>3 (Cnidus); πᾶν ὃ ἐὰν ἔλθῃ . . ὑ. τὴν ῥάβδον <span class="bibl">LXX<span class="title">Le.</span>27.32</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">De.</span>4.11</span>, al.; so <b class="b3">ὑ. δικαστήριον ὑπαχθείς, ἀγαγόντες</b>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.6.72</span>,<span class="bibl">104</span> (cf. <b class="b3">ὑπάγειν ὑ. τοὺς ἐφόρους</b> ib.<span class="bibl">82</span>) prob. refers to the elevated seats of the judges in court, cf. [[ὑπάγω]] A ΙΙ. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> of Position or Extension <b class="b2">under</b> an object, without sense of motion, Ἀρκαδίην ὑ. Κυλλήνης ὄρος <span class="bibl">Il.2.603</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">824</span>, etc.; ἰκριώσασι ὑ. τὴν ὀροφήν <span class="title">IG</span>12.374.76; <b class="b3">ἐργασαμένοις τὸ ἄνθεμον ὑ. τὴν ἀσπίδα</b> ib.371.9; τὰ μὲν ὑ. τὸν λόφον καὶ τὰμ φάραγγα <span class="title">Inscr.Prien.</span>37.162 (ii B.C.); ἀνθέντω ὑ. τὸν ναὸν τᾶς Δάματρος <span class="title">IG</span>5(1).1498.13 (loc. inc., ii B.C.); <b class="b3">ὅσσοι ἔασιν ὑπ' ἠῶ τ' ἠέλιόν τε</b> everywhere <b class="b2">under</b> the sun, <span class="bibl">Il.5.267</span>; ὑπ' αὐγὰς ἠελίοιο φοιτῶσι <span class="bibl">Od.2.181</span>; τῶν ὑ. τοῦτον τὸν ἥλιον . . ἀνθρώπων <span class="bibl">D.18.270</span>; τὰ ὑ. τὴν ἄρκτον <span class="bibl">Hdt. 5.10</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Mete.</span>362a17</span>; οἴκησις ἡ λεγομένη ὑ. τὸν πόλον <span class="bibl">Gem.5.38</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">16.21</span>, al.; ὑ. τὸν οὐρανόν <span class="bibl">LXX<span class="title">Ex.</span>17.14</span>, al., <span class="bibl"><span class="title">UPZ</span>106.14</span> (i B.C.); τὸ ὑ. τὴν ἀκρόπολιν <span class="bibl">Th.2.17</span>; ὁ ὑ. γῆν λεγόμενος εἶναι θεός <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.114</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Il.19.259</span>; <b class="b3">ὑ. γῆν</b> is more freq. than <b class="b3">ὑ. γῆς</b> in <span class="bibl">Arist., <span class="title">Mete.</span>349b29</span>, al., in <span class="bibl">Hipparch., 1.3.10</span>, al., and entirely supersedes <b class="b3">ὑ. γῆς</b> in <span class="bibl">Hdt., 2.124</span>,<span class="bibl">125</span>,<span class="bibl">127</span>,<span class="bibl">148</span>,<span class="bibl">150</span>, <span class="bibl">3.102</span>, <span class="bibl">4.195</span>, <span class="bibl">7.114</span>, and <span class="bibl">Gem., 2.19</span>, al.; it is found also in <span class="bibl">Plb.21.28.11</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">ὑ. γῆν</b> <b class="b2">the nadir</b>, opp. <b class="b3">μεσουράνημα</b>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PLond.</span>1.98r</span>.<span class="bibl">49</span>, <span class="bibl">110.33</span> (i/ii A.D.); also ἄγχε δέ μιν . . ἱμὰς ἁπαλὴν ὑ. δειρήν <span class="bibl">Il.3.371</span>; Τρῶες . . πτῶσσον ὑ. κρημνούς <span class="bibl">21.26</span>; ἀγέροντο . . ἄλσος ὕ. σκιερόν <span class="bibl">Od.20.278</span>; τρωφεὶς ὑ. τὸν ὀφθαλμόν <span class="title">IG</span>42(1).122.120 (Epid., iv B.C.); οὐλὴ ὑπ' ὀφθαλμὸν δεξιόν <span class="title">PCair.Zen</span>76.13 (iii B.C.); ὑ. τὸ μέρος τοῦ ἐνοφειλομένου ὑπογραψάτω ὅσον ἰδίᾳ ἔχει <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PRev.Laws</span> 19.2</span> (iii B.C.); κείμενος ὑ. τὸν ὀμφαλόν <span class="bibl">Sor.1.7</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">67</span>, al.; ὑ. τὰς πύλας ἵππων πόδες φαίνονται <span class="bibl">Th.5.10</span>; μὴ ὑποτιθέναι κύλικα ὑ. τὴν κλίνην <span class="title">IG</span>12(5).593 <span class="title">A</span>21 (Ceos, v B. C.); <b class="b3">ὑ. τὸν ὀδόν</b> ib.42(1).102.249 (Epid., iv B.C.); καταψύξατε ὑ. τὸ δένδρον <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">Ge.</span>18.4</span>; <b class="b3">ὑ. τὸν λέβητα</b> ib.<span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ec.</span>7.7(6)</span>; <b class="b3">ὑ. τοὺς πόδας</b> ib.<span class="bibl"><span class="title">La.</span>3.34</span>; εἰς τοὺς ὑ. πόδα χωρεῖ τόπους Dsc.5.75 (v. πούς 1.6 g); <b class="b3">ἡ ὑ. πόδα</b> (sc. <b class="b3">γραμμή</b>) the <b class="b2">base</b> of a triangle, Hero <b class="b2">*Mens</b>.55; also <b class="b3">ὑπ' αὐγὰς . . λεύσσουσαι πέπλους</b> <b class="b2">holding</b> them <b class="b2">up to</b> the light, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hec.</span>1154</span>; also <b class="b3">ὑ. τὸν ὀφθαλμόν</b> <b class="b2">close to</b> the eye, <span class="bibl">Arist. <span class="title">Pr.</span>874a9</span>; ὑποκειμένης τῆς Εὐβοίας ὑ. τὴν Ἀττικήν <span class="bibl">Isoc.4.108</span>; ὑπ' αὐτὴν ἐσχάτην στήλην ἔχων ἔχριμπτ' ἀεὶ σύριγγα <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>720</span>; εἰ θεωρήσειεν ὑπ' αὐγὰς τὸν ἀνθρώπειον βίον <span class="bibl">Iamb.<span class="title">Protr.</span>8</span> (cf. αὐγή <span class="bibl">1</span>): of subordinate position. κατακλίνεσθαι ὑ. τινά <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Symp.</span>9</span>; <b class="b3">τίς ὑ. τίνα;</b> who is <b class="b2">next to</b> whom, <span class="bibl">Onos.10.2</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">b</span> Math., <b class="b3">ὁ κύβος ὁ ὑ. τὴν . . σφαῖραν</b> <b class="b2">inscribed in</b> the sphere, <span class="bibl">Papp.440.5</span>; εἶναι ὑ. τὸ αὐτὸ ὕψος <span class="bibl">Euc.11.29</span>, <span class="bibl">Archim.<span class="title">Sph.Cyl.</span>1.19</span>; <b class="b3">ὑ. τὰν αὐτὰν γωνίαν</b> <b class="b2">subtending</b>... <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Aren.</span> 1.20</span> (cj.), cf. <span class="bibl">21</span>; αἱ γωνίαι ὑφ' ἃς αἱ ὁμόλογοι πλευραὶ ὑποτείνουσι <span class="bibl">Euc.6.6</span>,al. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> of the logical subordination of things <b class="b2">under</b> a class, τῶν ἑτερογενῶν καὶ μὴ ὑπ' ἄλληλα τεταγμένων <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">Cat.</span>1b16</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">οἱ ὑ. τὸ ψεῦδος τεταγμένοι</b> <b class="b2">in the category of</b>... <span class="bibl">Luc.<span class="title">Ind.</span>20</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> of <b class="b2">subjection, control, dependence</b>, never in Hom., once in Hdt., ὑ. βασιλέα δασμοφόρος <span class="bibl">7.108</span>; ὑ. σφᾶς ποιεῖσθαι <span class="bibl">Th.4.60</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>348d</span>, <span class="bibl">Arist. <span class="title">HA</span>488a10</span>, etc.; ἕως κα ᾖ ὑ. τὸν πατέρα <span class="title">Test.Epict.</span>3.29; ὑ. τιν' ἦν τῶν βασιλέων <span class="bibl">Men.340</span>; τί δ' οὐ κρατέοντος ὑπ' ἰσχύν; <span class="bibl">Call.<span class="title">Jov.</span>75</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">74</span>; ὑ. Δία Γῆν Ἥλιον <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Sammelb.</span>5616</span> (i A.D.), <span class="bibl"><span class="title">POxy.</span>722.6</span> (i/ii A.D.), etc. (v. ἥλιος <span class="bibl">11.1</span>); ὑ. θεὸν καὶ ἄνθρωπον <span class="title">Michel</span>854.52 (Halic., iii B.C.); τοῦ τοπαρχοῦντος ὑ. σέ <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PCair.Zen.</span>322.3</span> (iii B.C.); στρατενσάμενον ὑ. ἄρχοντα Ἀντίοχον <span class="title">IG</span>12(1).43.7 (Rhodes); μηδὲ ὑ. δεσπότην ὤν <span class="bibl">LXX<span class="title">Pr.</span> 6.7</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ps.</span>143.2</span>; for <b class="b3">ὑ. χεῖρα</b>, v. [[χείρ; οἱ ὑ. τινά]] <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>3.3.6</span>,<span class="bibl">8.8.5</span>, etc.; τοῖς ὑφ' αὑτὸν τεταγμένοις <span class="title">GDI</span>3750.75 (Rhodes). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> of Time, <b class="b2">in the course of, during</b>, or to be left untranslated in English, ἐκέλευε Τοωσὶ ποτὶ πτόλιν ἡγήσασθαι νύχθ' ὕ. τήνδ' ὀλοήν <span class="bibl">Il.22.102</span>; ὑ. τὴν νύκτα ταύτην <span class="bibl">Hdt.9.51</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">58</span>; <b class="b3">ὑ. τὴν πρώτην ἐπελθοῦσαν νύκτα ἀπέδρη</b> Id <span class="bibl">6.2</span>; τῆς κολοκύνθης . . ἣ ἐγενήθη ὑ. νύκτα καὶ ὑ. νύκτα ἀπώλετο <span class="bibl">LXX<span class="title">Jn.</span>4.10</span>: rarely with stress on the <b class="b2">duration</b>, <b class="b3">πάνθ' ὑ. μηνιθμόν</b> <b class="b2">throughout</b> its continuance, <span class="bibl">Il.16.202</span>; ὑ. τὸν παρεόντα τόνδε πόλεμον <span class="bibl">Hdt.9.60</span>; <b class="b3">οὐδὲν τῶν κατ' Αἴγυπτον ὑ. ταῦτα ἑτεροιωθῆναι</b> <b class="b2">during</b> that time, <span class="bibl">Id.2.142</span>; ὑ. τὸν χρόνον ὃν οἱ ἑξήκοντα καὶ τριηκόσιοι ἦρχον οἵδε ἐθεόρεον <span class="title">IG</span>12(8).276.4 (Thasos). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> also of Time, <b class="b2">about</b>, sts. more precisely <b class="b2">at</b>, and of events, <b class="b2">about</b> or <b class="b2">at the time of</b>, <b class="b3">ὑπ' αὐτὸν τὸν χρόνον ὅτε</b> . . <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ach.</span>139</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.165</span>; ὑπ' αὐτὸν τὸν καιρόν <span class="bibl">Plb. 11.27.4</span>, <span class="bibl">16.15.8</span>; <b class="b3">ὑφ' ἕνα καιρόν</b> <b class="b2">at</b> one time, <span class="bibl">Diog.Oen.38</span>; ὑ. τὸν αὐτὸν χρόνον <span class="bibl">Th.2.26</span>; ὑ. τοὺς αὐτοὺς χρόνους <span class="bibl">Id.1.100</span>; ὑ. τὸν σεισμόν <span class="bibl">Id.2.27</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Plb.4.33.5</span>, <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Alex.</span>14</span>; <b class="b3">ὑ. τὴν ἑωθινήν, ὑ. τὴν ὄρφνην</b>, <span class="bibl">Plb. 18.19.5</span>,<span class="bibl">7</span>; ὑ. τὸν ὄρθρον <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Act.Ap.</span>5.21</span>, <span class="title">Gp.</span>2.4.3; <b class="b3">ποιεῖσθαι τοὺς περιπάτους ὑ. τὸ ψῦχος</b> <b class="b2">in</b> the cool of the morning, <span class="bibl">Plb.5.56.10</span>; <b class="b3">ὑφ' ἓν πάντες</b> all <b class="b2">at</b> once, <b class="b2">at</b> the same time, <span class="bibl">Arr.<span class="title">Epict.</span>3.22.33</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">S.E.<span class="title">M.</span> 10.124</span>, <span class="bibl">Sor.1.103</span>, al.; <b class="b3">παιδάριον ὑ. τὴν ἀναπνοὴν ἑπτὰ καὶ πέντε στίχους συνεῖρον</b> <b class="b2">in</b> one breath, <span class="bibl">Plb.10.47.9</span>; <b class="b3">ὑφ' ἓν ἐκτρῖψαι</b> <b class="b2">at</b> one blow, <span class="bibl">LXX <span class="title">Wi.</span>12.9</span>; <b class="b3">ὑ. μίαν ἄρσιν καὶ θέσιν ἀνατείνοντες καὶ κατατιθέμενοι</b>, of a squad of diggers, <span class="title">Gp.</span>2.45.5; <b class="b3">ὑ. μίαν φωνήν</b> Aristeas 178; <b class="b3">πῶς γὰρ ἂν ὑ. τὰς αὐτὰς ἡμέρας ἔν τε τῇ Ἰταλίᾳ καὶ ἐν τῇ Κιλικίᾳ . . πολεμήσειε;</b> <b class="b2">at</b> the same time, <span class="bibl">D.C.36.35</span>; sts. c. part., <b class="b3">ὑ. τὸν νηὸν κατακαέντα</b> <b class="b2">at the time of</b> its burning, <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.51</span>; <b class="b3">ὑ. τὴν κατάλυσιν τοῦ πολέμου</b> <b class="b2">just at</b> the end, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>2.8.1</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Mar.</span>46</span>; <b class="b3">ὑ. τὸν θυμὸν ἐκ χειρὸς ἐπιστρατευσαμένων</b> <b class="b2">at the very time of</b> their anger, <span class="bibl">Plb. 2.19.10</span>; ὑ. παροξυσμόν Gal.19.215; <b class="b3">παραδόντω τοῖς αἱρεθεῖσι εἰς τὸν ὑπ' αὐτὰ</b> (or <b class="b3">ὕπαυτα</b> as Adv. = [[ἑξῆς]]) ἐνιαυτόν <span class="title">IG</span>9(1).694.60 (Corc., ii/i B.C.); ὑ. κύνα <span class="bibl">Arist.<span class="title">HA</span>547a14</span>, <span class="bibl">Thphr.<span class="title">CP</span>1.13.3</span>, <span class="bibl">D.S.19.109</span>; ὑ. τὰς θερινὰς [τροπὰς] καὶ τοῦ κυνὸς τὴν ἐπιτολήν <span class="title">Gp.</span>2.6.17. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">IV</span> of accompaniment, ὑπὸ ὄρχησίν τε καὶ ᾠδήν <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>670a</span>; ὑ. αὐλὸν διαλέγεσθαι <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Smp.</span>6.3</span> codd. (<b class="b3">ὑ. τοῦ αὐλοῦ</b> Cobet); <b class="b3">ὑ. κήρυκα</b> (v. κῆρυξ <span class="bibl">1.3</span>).—Compare A.11.5, <span class="bibl">B.11.4</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b3">ὄνον ἕνα ὑ. λαχανόσπερμον</b> <b class="b2">laden with</b>... Meyer <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Ostr.</span>81.2</span> (i A. D.), cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PFay.</span>p.324</span> (i A.D.); ὄνοι ὑ. δένδρα <span class="bibl"><span class="title">BGU</span>362i6</span>, al. (iii A.D.); cf. supr. A.11.8. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">D</span> POSITION: <b class="b3">ὑ</b>. can follow its Subst., becoming by anastrophe <b class="b3">ὕπο</b>. It is freq. separated from the Subst. by intervening words, as in <span class="bibl">Il.2.465</span>, <span class="bibl">Od.5.320</span>, <span class="bibl">7.130</span>:—<b class="b3">ὑπαί</b> is placed after its case in <span class="bibl">A. <span class="title">Eu.</span>417</span>, <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">El.</span>1418</span>, <span class="title">Inach.</span> l.c., although acc. to Hdn.Gr.<span class="bibl">1.480</span> it cannot suffer anastrophe. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">E</span> AS ADV., <b class="b2">under, below, beneath</b>, freq. in Hom.; esp. of young animals, <b class="b2">under the mother</b>, i.e. <b class="b2">at the breast</b>, <span class="bibl">Od.4.636</span>, <span class="bibl">21.23</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b2">behind</b>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.61</span>: cf. C. <span class="bibl">1</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> <b class="b3">ὑπ' ἐκ</b> or <b class="b3">ὑπέκ</b>, v. [[ὑπέκ]].—In Hom. the separation of the Prep. from its Verb by tmesis is very freq., and sts. it follows, in which case it suffers anastrophe, φυγὼν ὕπο νηλεὲς ἦμαρ <span class="bibl">Od.9.17</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">F</span> IN COMPOSITION: </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">I</span> <b class="b2">under</b>, as well of rest as of motion, as in <b class="b3">ὕπειμι, ὑποβαίνω</b>, etc. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">2</span> of the <b class="b2">casing</b> or <b class="b2">covering</b> of one thing with another, as <b class="b3">ὑπάργυρος, ὑπόχρυσος</b>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">3</span> of the <b class="b2">agency</b> or <b class="b2">influence under which</b> a thing is done, to express subjection or subordination, <b class="b3">ὑποδαμνάω, ὑποδμώς, ὑφηνίοχος</b>, cf. [[ἐπί]] G. <span class="bibl">111</span>. </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">II</span> denoting what is in small degree or gradual, <b class="b2">somewhat, a little</b>, as in <b class="b3">ὑποκινέω, ὑποδεής, ὑπόλευκος</b> (so in tmesi, ὑ. τι ἀσεβῆ <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Phdr.</span> 242d</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Grg.</span>493c</span>; ὑ. τι μικρὸν ἐπιθήκισα <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">V.</span>1290</span> (lyr.)). </span><span class="sense">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="bld">III</span> <b class="b2">underhand, secretly</b>, as in <b class="b3">ὑποθέω, ὑποθωπεύω, ὑποκορίζομαι, ὑπόρνυμι</b>.</span>
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|ptext=[[https://www.translatum.gr/images/pape/pape-02-1207.png Seite 1207]] p. u. bes. ep. [[ὑπαί]], wenn die letzte Sylbe lang sein soll (s. oben besonders), sub.
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|btext=<i>adv. et prép.</i><br />sous;<br /><i><b>Adv.</b> (accentué</i> [[ὕπο]]) dessous, en dessous : τοὺς δ’ [[ἄρ]]’ [[ὕπο]] [[τρόμος]] εἷλεν IL le tremblement les saisit en bas, <i>càd</i> dans les jambes ; τρομέειν δ’ [[ὕπο]] φαίδιμα γυῖα IL en bas mes membres brillants tremblent;<br /><i><b>Prép.</b></i>;<br />• GÉN. <b>1</b> de dessous : ἵππους λῦσαι ὑπὸ ζυγοῦ IL délier les chevaux de dessous le joug, dételer des chevaux ; λύεσθαι ὑπ’ ἀρνειοῦ OD se détacher de dessous le ventre du bélier ; [[αὖτις]] ἀναστήσονται ὑπὸ ζόφου IL ils ressusciteront du royaume des ombres;<br /><b>2</b> sous : ὑπὸ χθονός, ὑπὸ γῆς sous terre ; [[ὄσσε]] ὑπὸ βλεφάρων ἐξεφάανθεν IL les yeux brillèrent sous les paupières;<br /><b>3</b> par suite de, par le fait de, par : [[δαμῆναι]] ὑπ’ [[αὐτοῦ]] [[δουρί]] IL être dompté, abattu par la lance de qqn ; θνῄσκειν [[ὑπό]] τινος IL mourir par le fait de qqn ; φεύγειν [[ὑπό]] τινος IL être mis en fuite par qqn, fuir devant qqn (<i>pour d’autres sens de</i> φεύγειν [[ὑπό]] τινος, v. [[φεύγω]]) ; ἐκπεσεῖν [[ὑπό]] τινος THC être chassé par qqn ; ἀναστῆναι [[ὑπό]] τινος THC être forcé par qqn d’émigrer ; [[εὖ]] [[πράττω]] [[ὑπό]] τινος SOPH j’éprouve, il m’arrive qch de bon de la part de qqn ; [[δίκην]] διδόναι [[ὑπό]] τινος être puni par qqn, être l’objet d’une vengeance de la part de qqn ; αἰτίαν ἔχειν [[ὑπό]] τινος ESCHL ête accusé par qqn ; [[εὖ]] ἀκούειν [[ὑπό]] τινος XÉN avoir bonne réputation auprès de qqn ; ὑπὸ λύπης XÉN par l’effet du chagrin ; ὑπὸ δέους THC par l’effet de la peur, de peur ; μνήμης [[ὕπο]] SOPH de mémoire ; ὑπ’ ἀπλοίας THC par suite d’un temps défavorable sur mer ; ὑπὸ [[τοῦ]] πλήθους [[τῶν]] βέλων XÉN par suite de l’abondance des traits ; <i>avec le rég. de la <i>pers.</i> par le concours ou l’entremise de laquelle qch arrive</i> : ὑπὸ κήρυκος προαγορεύειν HDT, ἀπειπεῖν EUR annoncer, défendre par la voix du héraut ; ὑπὸ κήρυκος εὐχὰς ποιεῖσθαι THC faire une prière que le héraut prononce à haute voix ; <i>avec un subst. au lieu d’un verbe</i> : ἡ [[ὑπό]] τινος [[παίδευσις]] XÉN l’éducation faite par qqn ; ἡ ὑπὸ πάντων [[τιμή]] XÉN témoignages de respect de la part de tous;<br /><b>4</b> sous la conduite de ; avec accompagnement de : χωρεῖν ὑπ’ αὐλητῶν THC s’avancer au son de la musique des joueurs de flûte ; [[ἄελλα]] ὑπὸ βροντῆς [[εἶσι]] [[πέδονδε]] IL l’orage se précipite sur le sol avec accompagnement de tonnerre ; δαΐδων ὑπὸ λαμπομενάων IL à la lueur brillante des torches ; ὑπὸ πομπῆς HDT en un cortège solennel ; ὑπὸ κλαυθμῶν ESCHL au milieu des hurlements de douleur ; ὑπὸ σκότου dans l’obscurité, dans le secret;<br />• DAT. : sous :<br /><b>1</b> <i>au propre</i> sous <i>avec idée d’une chose qui recouvre, sans mouv.</i> : ἔρδειν ἑκατόμβας ὑπὸ πλατανίστῳ IL offrir des hécatombes sous un platane ; ὑφ’ ἅρμασιν IL attelés au char ; [[οἱ]] ὑπὸ τοῖς ἅρμασιν ἵπποι XÉN les chevaux de trait;<br /><b>2</b> <i>p. anal.</i> au bas de, au pied de : [[τοῦ]] ὄρους ὑφ’ ᾧ [[ἦν]] ἡ [[κώμη]] XÉN de la montagne au bas de laquelle était le village ; μάρνασθαι τείχει [[ὕπο]] Τρώων IL combattre sous les murs des Troyens;<br /><b>3</b> <i>fig. pour marquer l’infériorité, la dépendance</i> : [[δέδμητο]] δὲ λαὸς ὑπ’ [[αὐτῷ]] OD le peuple était sujet sous lui, <i>càd</i> soumis à son autorité ; [[εἶναι]] [[ὑπό]] τινι THC être sous la dépendance de qqn ; ὑφ’ ἑαυτῷ ἔχειν XÉN avoir sous sa domination ; γίγνεσθαι [[ὑπό]] τινι HDT, THC, XÉN tomber sous la domination de qqn, devenir le sujet de qqn ; ὑφ’ ἑαυτῷ ποιεῖσθαι HDT amener en sa puissance, soumettre à soi-même;<br /><b>4</b> sous l’influence de, par le fait de, par suite de, à cause de, par : εἴκει δ’ ὑπὸ [[βῶλος]] ἀρότρῳ OD la glèbe cède sous la charrue ; ὑπὸ [[χερσί]] τινος [[δαμῆναι]] IL être dompté <i>ou</i> vaincu par la main de qqn;<br /><b>5</b> sous la consuite de, avec accompagnement de : [[θεῶν]] ὑπ’ ἀμύμονι πομπῇ IL sous la conduite sûre des dieux ; ὑπ’ αὐλῷ καὶ τυμπάνοις LUC au son de la flûte et des tambours ; ὑπὸ σκότῳ dans l’obscurité, dans le secret;<br />• ACC. : sous :<br /><b>I.</b> <i>avec mouv.</i><br /><b>1</b> [[ἰέναι]] ὑπὸ γαῖαν IL aller sous terre ; νέεσθαι ὑπὸ ζόφον IL, [[ἐλθεῖν]] ὑπὸ ζόφον OD aller dans le royaume des ombres ; [[δῦναι]] ὑπὸ [[κῦμα]] IL, ὑπὸ πόντον OD s’enfoncer dans les flots, sous la mer ; ὑπὸ ζυγὸν ἄγειν ἵππους IL mener des chevaux sous le joug;<br /><b>2</b> <i>p. anal.</i> sous, au bas de, au pied de : ὑπὸ [[Ἴλιον]] [[ἐλθεῖν]] IL venir sous les murs de Troie ; ὑπὸ [[δικαστήριον]] ἄγειν τινά HDT citer qqn en justice ; ὑπὸ τοὺς ἐφόρους ὑπάγειν HDT, ὑπὸ τὸν δῆμον ὑπάγειν HDT citer devant les éphores, devant le peuple;<br /><b>3</b> <i>p. ext.</i> au fond de : ὑπὸ [[σπέος]] ἤλασε μῆλα IL il poussa les brebis au fond de la caverne;<br /><b>4</b> à l’abri, sous ; derrière : ὑπὸ θύρην HDT derrière la porte;<br /><b>II.</b> <i>sans mouv.</i><br /><b>1</b> sous : ὑπὸ γῆν [[εἶναι]] HDT être sous terre, dans les enfers ; [[οὔτε]] ὕπεστι οἰκήματα ὑπὸ γῆν HDT et il n’y a pas de chambres souterraines;<br /><b>2</b> au pied de : Ἀρκαδίη ὑπὸ Κυλλήνης [[ὄρος]] IL l’Arcadie qui s’étend au pied du mt Kyllènè ; [[αἱ]] ὑπὸ τὸ [[ὄρος]] κῶμαι XÉN les villages situés au pied de la montagne ; [[οἱ]] ὑπὸ τὸ [[ψεῦδος]] τεταγμένοι LUC ceux appartenant à la catégorie des pseudonymes ; <i>adv.</i> [[ὑπό]] [[τι]] AR en qqe mesure;<br /><b>3</b> <i>fig. pour marquer la subordination ou la dépendance</i> : ὑφ’ ἑαυτὸν ποιεῖσθαι mettre sous son pouvoir, soumettre à soi-même ; γίγνεσθαι [[ὑπό]] τινα THC tomber sous la domination de qqn ; [[οἱ]] [[ὑπό]] τινα XÉN les sujets, les subordonnés de qqn ; <i>avec idée de protection</i> [[εἶναι]] ὑπὸ τὸν πεζὸν στρατόν HDT être sous la protection de l’armée de terre;<br /><b>4</b> <i>avec idée de temps</i> près de, aux environs de, à l’approche de : ὑπὸ νύκτα IL à l’entrée de la nuit ; ὑπὸ τὴν κατάλυσιν [[τοῦ]] πολέμου XÉN peu de temps avant (<i>litt.</i> vers) la fin de la guerre ; durant, pendant : ὑπὸ τοὺς αὐτοὺς χρόνους THC à la même époque ; πάνθ’ ὑπὸ μηνιθμόν IL pendant toute ma rancune, tant que je gardai rancune ; ὑπὸ [[ταῦτα]] HDT pendant ce temps;<br />REM. <b>I.</b> [[ὑπό]] <i>se place souv. en poésie après son rég. ; il s’accentue alors</i> [[ὕπο]];<br /><b>II.</b> <i>en composition</i>, [[ὑπό]] <i>marque</i>;<br /><b>1</b> l’idée de « être sous », sans mouv. ([[ὕπειμι]], [[ὑπολείπω]], [[ὑπόγειος]], …), avec mouv. ([[ὑπάγω]], [[ὑποβάλλω]], …);<br /><b>2</b> une idée de subordination : [[ὑποτάσσω]], [[ὑπακούω]], …;<br /><b>3</b> l’idée de « agir en dessous » : [[ὑπάγω]], [[ὑφαιρέω]], …;<br /><b>4</b> l’idée de « approcher de, être voisin de », au sens d’un dim. : [[ὑπόλεπτος]].<br />'''Étymologie:''' cf. <i>lat.</i> sub.
}}
{{Autenrieth
|auten=(cf. sub): [[under]]. — I. adv., [[underneath]], [[below]], [[beneath]], of [[motion]] or [[rest]], ὑπὸ δὲ θρῆνυν ποσὶν (‘[[for]] the feet’) ἥσει, Il. 14.240; ὑπὸ δὲ [[θρῆνυς]] ποσὶν [[ἦεν]], Od. 1.131; χεῦεν [[ὕπο]] ῥῶπας, Od. 16.47; [[often]] to [[indicate]] the [[position]] of parts of the [[body]] (in ‘[[plastic]]’ [[style]] as if [[one]] were looking at a [[picture]] up and [[down]]), ὑπὸ γούνατ' ἔλῦσεν (the knees ‘[[beneath]] him’), ὑπὸ δ' ἔτρεμε γυῖα, Il. 10.390; [[sometimes]] causal, thereunder, thereby, Od. 8.380, Il. 8.4; [[thus]] to [[denote]] [[accompaniment]] in [[music]], [[λίνον]] δ' ὑπὸ κᾶλὸν ἄειδεν (to it, the [[harp]]), Il. 18.570, Od. 21.411. — II. prep., (1) w. gen., of [[position]] or [[motion]]; [[under]], [[out]] or [[forth]] [[from]] [[under]]; ὑπ' ἀνθερεῶνος ἐλεῖν, [[κρήδεμνον]] ὑπὸ στέρνοιο τανύσσαι, Od. 5.346, and [[thus]] [[often]] w. verbs of hitting; ῥέει [[κρήνη]] ὑπὸ σπείους, ‘[[from]] [[beneath]],’ Od. 9.141; [[then]] of [[agency]], [[influence]], by, [[through]], in [[consequence]] of; [[δαμῆναι]], θνήσκειν [[ὑπό]] τινος (‘at the hands of’), φεύγειν [[ὑπό]] τινος (‘[[before]]’), Il. 18.149 ; ὑπ' ἀνάγκης (‘[[from]] [[necessity]],’ ‘[[perforce]]’), ὑπὸ [[δείους]] (‘[[for]]’), ὑπὸ φρῖκὸς Βορέω, Il. 23.692. —(2) w. dat., of [[position]], [[under]], and w. verbs of [[motion]] [[when]] the resulting [[position]] of [[rest]] is [[chiefly]] in [[mind]], πίπτειν, τιθέναι τι [[ὑπό]] τινι, χ , Il. 16.378; [[instrumental]] or causal, [[under]] ([[not]] ‘by’ as w. the gen., [[but]] [[rather]] denoting [[subjection]]), ὑπὸ [[χερσί]] τινος [[θανέειν]], [[ὀλέσαι]] ψῦχήν, γήραι [[ὕπο]] [[ἆρημένος]], Od. 11.136; of [[power]], [[mastery]], [[δέδμητο]] λᾶὸς ὑπ' [[αὐτῷ]], γ 3, Il. 24.636; and of accompanying circumstances, ὑπὸ πομπῇ (‘[[under]] the [[guidance]]’), πνοιῇ [[ὕπο]] (‘[[with]] the [[breeze]]’), Od. 4.402. —(3) w. acc., of [[motion]] (or [[extension]]), [[under]], [[but]] [[often]] [[where]] the [[idea]] of [[motion]] is [[quite]] [[faint]], [[ζώειν]] ὑπ' αὐγᾶς ἠελίοιο, [[thinking]] of the [[duration]] of [[life]], Od. 15.349, Il. 5.267; of [[time]], [[during]], Il. 16.202, Il. 22.102.
}}
{{Slater
|sltr=[[ὑπό]] <[[span]] [[class]]=mstonen>A prep. (anastrophe (P. 3.10), (P. 5.100), (P. 1.64), (P. 11.18), (N. 1.35) ) <br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>1</b> c. acc.,<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>a</b> [[under]], [[below]] ὑπὸ Κυλλάνας ὄρο̄ς, Ἁγησία, μάτρωες [[ἄνδρες]] ναιετάοντες (Π: ὅροις codd.) (O. 6.77) τὸν κρύψαν ἔνερθ' ὑπὸ γᾶν διφρηλάτα Ἀμφιτρύωνος σάματι (P. 9.81) [codd. (P. 10.15) ] [[ὄλβιος]] [[ὅστις]] ἰδὼν κεῖν' εἶσ ὑπὸ χθόν fr. 137. 1.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>b</b> [[under]], up to the walls of θαλασσίαις ἀνέμων ῥιπαῖσι πεμφθεὶς ὑπὸ Τροίαν (N. 3.60) <br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>2</b> c. gen.,<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>a</b> [[below]] [[πολλά]] μοι ὑπ' ἀγκῶνος [[ὠκέα]] βέλη [[ἔνδον]] ἐντὶ φαρέτρας (O. 2.83) λόχμας ὑπὸ κυανέας τίκτε θεόφρονα κοῦρον (O. 6.40) λόχμαισι δὲ δοκεύσαις ὑπὸ Κλεωνᾶν δάμασε (O. 10.30) [[ταί]] θ' ὑπ Αἴτνας ὑψιλόφου καλλίπλουτοι πόλιες (O. 13.111) [coni. Bergk (P. 8.77) ] ἔθηκε καὶ [[βαθυλείμων]] ὑπὸ Κίρρας πετρᾶν ἀγὼν κρατησίποδα Φρικίαν (Christ: [[βαθυλείμων]]（α）ἀγὼν πέτραν codd.) (P. 10.15) <br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>b</b> [[from]] ([[out]] of) of the [[delivery]] of a [[child]], ἦλθεν δ' ὑπὸ σπλάγχνων ὑπ ὠδῖνός τ ἐρατᾶς Ἴαμος ἐς [[φάος]] [[αὐτίκα]] (O. 6.43) “παῖδα ὃν κλυτὸς [[Ἑρμᾶς]] εὐθρόνοις ὥραισι καὶ Γαίᾳ ἀνελὼν φίλας ὑπὸ ματέρος οἴσει” (P. 9.61) [[ἐπεὶ]] σπλάγχνων [[ὕπο]] ματέρος [[αὐτίκα]] θαητὰν ἐς αἴγλαν [[παῖς]] Διὸς ὠδῖνα φεύγων μόλεν (N. 1.35) met., of [[deliverance]], ὑπ' ἀμαχανίας [[ἄγων]] ἐς [[φάος]] τόνδε δᾶμον ἀστῶν (ἀπ byz.) (O. 5.14) Ὀρέστα· τὸν δὴ Κλυταιμήστρας [[χειρῶν]] [[ὕπο]] κρατερᾶν ἐκ δόλου τροφὸς ἄνελε δυσπενθέος (P. 11.18) <br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>c</b> to the [[accompaniment]] of τεαὶ γὰρ ὧραι ὑπὸ ποικιλοφόρμιγγος ἀοιδᾶς ἑλισσόμεναί (O. 4.2) καί [[νυν]] ὑπ' ἀμφοτέρων σὺν Διαγόρᾳ κατέβαν (i. e. [[with]] [[lyre]] and [[flute]]) (O. 7.13) σειρῆνα δὲ κόμπον αὐλίσκων ὑπὸ λωτίνων μιμήσομ' ἀοιδαῖς Παρθ. 2. 14.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>d</b> of [[agency]],<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>I</b> of things, [[under]] the [[influence]] of ἐσλῶν γὰρ ὑπὸ χαρμάτων [[πῆμα]] θνᾴσκει O.2.19.cf.O.6.43.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>II</b> of pers. ἀλλ' αἶνον ἐπέβα [[κόρος]] οὐ δίκᾳ συναντόμενος ἀλλὰ μάργων ὑπ [[ἀνδρῶν]] [[under]] the [[influence]] of (O. 2.96) Κορινθίων ὑπὸ [[φωτῶν]] ἐν ἐσλοῦ Πέλοπος πτυχαῖς ὀκτὼ στεφάνοις ἔμιχθεν [[ἤδη]] by, at the the hands of (N. 2.20) <br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>3</b> c. dat.,<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>a</b> [[lying]] [[below]], at the [[foot]] of [ὑπὸ Κυλλάνας ὅροις ([[ὄρος]] Π.) (O. 6.77) ] τὰ δ' ὑπ ὀφρύι Παρνασσίᾳ ἕξ (v. l. ἐπ) (O. 13.106) ὄχθαις [[ὕπο]] Ταυγέτου ναίοντες (P. 1.64) δασκίοις Φλειοῦντος ὑπ' ὠγυγίοις ὄρεσιν (N. 6.44) ἐν δὲ κέχλαδ[εν] κρόταλ' αἰθομένα τε [[δαὶς]] ὑπὸ ξανθαῖσι πεύκαις Δ. 2. 11.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>b</b> [[down]] in, [[under]] ἁμέραν τὰν μὲν παρὰ πατρὶ φίλῳ Δὶ νέμονται, τὰν δ' ὑπὸ κεύθεσι γαίας ἐν γυάλοις Θεράπνας (N. 10.56) ἥβαν γὰρ [[οὐκ]] ἄπειρον ὑπὸ χειᾷ [[καλῶν]] δάμασεν (I. 8.70) “ὑπὸ σπλάγχ[νοις] φέροισα τόνδ' ἀνέῤ Πα. 8A. 18. πρῶτον εὐνάσθην ἀγαπατὸς ὑπὸ σπαργάνοις fr. 193.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>c</b> [[from]] [[under]] (θρῆνον) τὸν παρθενίοις [[ὑπό]] τ' ἀπλάτοις [[ὀφίων]] κεφαλαῖς ἄιε λειβόμενον (P. 12.9) <br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>d</b> [[yoked]] to ἐριζόμεναι νᾶες ἐν πόντῳ καὶ λτ;ὑφγτ;ἅρμασιν ἵπποι (Bergk e Σ: ἐν unus cod.; om. [[alter]]) (I. 5.5) ὑφ' ἅρμασιν [[ἵππος]] (v. l. ἐν) fr. 234. 1.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>e</b> by [[means]] of, by, [[with]] βωμοὺς ἓξ διδύμους ἐγέραρεν ἑορταῖς [[θεῶν]] μεγίσταις ὑπὸ βουθυσίαις ἀέθλων τε πεμπαμέροις ἁμίλλαις (O. 5.6) μεγαλᾶν δ' ἀρετᾶν δρόσῳ μαλθακᾷ ῥανθεισᾶν κώμων ὑπὸ χεύμασιν (byz.: θ' ὑπὸ codd.) (P. 5.100) (σοφοὶ) οὐδ' ὑπὸ κέρδει [[βλάβεν]] (N. 7.18) λέγοντι γὰρ Αἰακόν μιν ὑπὸ ματροδόκοις γοναῖς φυτεῦσαι (N. 7.84) αἰδὼς γὰρ ὑπὸ [[κρύφα]] κέρδει κλέπτεται (N. 9.33) “[[νῦν]] σε, [[νῦν]] εὐχαῖς ὑπὸ θεσπεσίαις [[λίσσομαι]]” (I. 6.44) κείνων λυθέντες [[σαῖς]] ὑπὸ χερσίν, [[ἄναξ]] fr. 35. ὁ δὲ μηδὲν ἔχων ὑπὸ [[σιγᾷ]] μελαίνᾳ [[κάρα]] κέκρυπται Παρθ. 1. 9.<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>f</b> [[under]] the [[force]] of, [[under]] the [[influence]] of [εἴ τί [[τοι]] Πίσας τε καὶ Φερενίκου [[χάρις]] νόον ὑπὸ γλυκυτάταις ἔθηκε φροντίσιν (v. [[ὑποτίθημι]]) (O. 1.19) ] ὑπὸ στερεῷ πυρὶ πλαγαῖς τε σιδάρου βαθὺν [[εἰς]] ὀχετὸν ἄτας ἵζοισαν ἑὰν πόλιν (O. 10.36) δαμεῖσα χρυσέοις τόξοισιν ὕπ' Ἀρτέμιδος (Hermann: ὑπ codd.) (P. 3.10) βελέων ὑπὸ ῥιπαῖσι κείνου φαιδίμαν γαίᾳ πεφύρσεσθαι κόμαν ἔνεπεν (N. 1.68) ἦ μὰν ἀνόμοιά γε δᾴοισιν ἐν θερμῷ χροὶ ἕλκεα ῥῆξαν πελεμιζόμενοι ὑπ' ἀλεξιμβρότῳ λόγχᾳ (N. 8.30) [[δαίμων]] δὲ παρίσχει, ἄλλοτ' ἄλλον [[ὕπερθε]] βάλλων ἄλλον δ ὑπὸ [[χειρῶν]] μέτρῳ καταβαίνει (v. l. [[μέτρον]]: [[post]] [[χειρῶν]] distinxit Bergk) (P. 8.77) [[τῶν]] μὲν ὑπὸ στάθμᾳ νέμονται (I. 9.4) ἐκράνθην ὑπὸ δαιμονίῳ τινι (sc. δείματι, simm.) — συνάγεν θρόον (Pae. 9.34) <br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>g</b> of pers., by, [[through]] ὑπ' Ἀπόλλωνι γλυκείας πρῶτον ἔψαυσ Ἀφροδίτας (O. 6.35) “ἐρατὸν λύοι κεν χαλινὸν ὑφ' ἥρωι [[παρθενίας]]” (I. 8.45) <br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<b>4</b> fragg. ]α [[βοῦς]] ὑπ' οἴστρ[ fr. 51f. b. 13. ][[ὕπο]][ P. Oxy. 2447. 5. <[[span]] [[class]]=mstonen>B in tmesis νόον ὑπὸ γλυκυτάταις ἔθηκε φροντίσιν (v. [[ὑποτίθημι]]) (O. 1.19) ὑπὸ κίονες [[ἕστασαν]] (v. ὑφίσταμι) (Pae. 8.69)
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{{Abbott
|astxt=[[ὑπό]] ([[before]] [[smooth]] [[breathing]] ὑπ’, Mt 8:9b, Lk 7:8b; [[before]] [[rough]] [[breathing]] ὑφ’, Ro 3:9; on the [[neglect]] of elision in Mt, Lk, ll. c.a, Ga 3:22, v. WH, App., 146; Tdf., Pr., iv), prep. c. gen., dat. ([[not]] in NT), acc. <br /><b class="num">I.</b>C. gen., [[primarily]] of [[place]], [[under]], [[hence]], metaph., of the [[efficient]] [[cause]], by: [[after]] [[passive]] verbs, c. gen. pers., Mt 1:22, Mk 1:5, Lk 2:18, Jo 14:21, Ac 4:11, I Co 1:11, He 3:4, al.; c. gen. rei, Mt 8:24, Lk 7:24, Ro 3:21, al.; [[with]] neut. verbs and verbs [[with]] [[pass]], [[meaning]], Mt 17:12, Mk 5:26, I Co 10:9, 10 I Th 2:14, al. <br /><b class="num">II.</b>C. acc., [[under]];<br /><b class="num">1.</b>of [[motion]]: Mt 5:15 8:8, Mk 4:21, Lk 13:34; [[hence]], metaph., of [[subjection]], Ro 7:14, I Co 15:27, Ga 3:22, I Pe 5:6, al. <br /><b class="num">2.</b>Of [[position]]: Jo 1:49, Ac 4:12, Ro 3:13, I Co 10:1, al.; [[hence]], metaph., [[under]], [[subject]] to, Mt 8:9, Ro 3:9, I Co 9:20, Ga 4:5, al. <br /><b class="num">3.</b>Of [[time]], [[about]]: Ac 5:21. <br /><b class="num">III.</b>In [[composition]]: [[under]] ([[ὑποδέω]]), [[hence]], of [[subjection]] ([[ὑποτάσσω]]), [[compliance]] ([[ὑπακούω]]), [[secrecy]] ([[ὑποβάλλω]]), [[diminution]] ([[ὑποπνέω]]).
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{{StrongGR
|strgr=a [[primary]] preposition; [[under]], i.e. ([[with]] the genitive [[case]]) of [[place]] ([[beneath]]), or [[with]] verbs (the [[agency]] or [[means]], [[through]]); ([[with]] the accusative [[case]]) of [[place]] ([[whither]] ([[underneath]]) or [[where]] ([[below]]) or [[time]] ([[when]] (at)): [[among]], by, from, in, of, [[under]], [[with]]. In the [[comparative]], it retains the [[same]] [[general]] applications, [[especially]] of [[inferior]] [[position]] or [[condition]], and [[specially]], [[covertly]] or [[moderately]].
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{{Thayer
|txtha=(i. e. Latin sub (Curtius, § 393)), preposition, under, in secular authors used with the genitive, dative, and accusative, but in the N. T. with the genitive and accusative only. (On the use and the omission of elision with it before words beginning with a vowel, see WH's Appendix, p. 146{b}; Tdf Proleg., p. 4, (addenda et emendanda).) I. with the genitive (cf. Winer s Grammar, 364 (342), 368f, (346); Buttmann, § 147,29), it is used:<br /><b class="num">1.</b> properly, in a local sense, of situation or position under something higher, as ὑπό χτονος, often from Homer down; ὁ ἐπί γῆς καί ὑπό γῆς χρυσός, Plato, legg. 5, p. 728a.; hence,<br /><b class="num">2.</b> metaphorically, of the efficient cause, as that under the power of which an event is conceived of as being; here the Latin uses ἆ or ἀβ, and the English by; thus a. after passive verbs — with the genitive of a person: L T Tr WH); ); R G; L T Tr WH); R G L); φωνῆς ἐνεχθείσης ὑπό τῆς μεγαλοπρεποῦς δόξης, when a voice was brought by the majestic glory (cf. R. V. marginal reading), i. e. came down to him from God, γίνομαι, to be done, effected, R L in brackets; γίνεται τίνι ἐπιβουλή, ἡ ἐπιτιμία ἡ ὑπό τῶν πλειόνων, namely, ἐπιτιμηθεισα, πορεύω, at the end); πάσχειν ὑπό τίνος, Homer, Iliad 11,119; Thucydides 1,77; Xenophon, symp. 1,9; Cyril 6,1, 36; Hier. 7,8); ἀπολέσθαι, to perish, Herodotus 3,32on); ὑπομένειν τί, ἀντιλογία, 2); λαμβάνειν namely, πληγάς, to be beaten, ἀποκτεῖναι ἐν ῤομφαία καί ὑπό τῶν θηρίων τῆς γῆς, by the wild beasts, ) (so ὠλεσε θυμόν ὑφ' Ἐκτορος, Homer, Iliad 17,616; cf. Matthiae, ii., p. 1393; (Buttmann, 341 (293))). II. with the accusative (Winer's Grammar, § 49, k.);<br /><b class="num">1.</b> of motion, in answer to the question 'whither?': to come ὑπό τήν στέγην, ἐπισυνάγειν, ἔχω τινα ὑπ' ἐμαυτόν, γίνεσθαι, born under i. e. subject to, Rst εἰς ὑπκρισιν).<br /><b class="num">2.</b> of situation, position, tarrying: after κατασκηνοῦν, κάθημαι, εἶναι: (to and under) in a local or proper sense, ἡ ὑπό (τόν) ὀυρνανος namely, χώρα, πάσῃ κτίσει τῇ ὑπό τόν οὐρανοῦ, namely, οὔσῃ, τά ὑπό τόν οὐρανόν namely, ὄντα, τά ὑπό σελήνην, Philo de vit. Moys. ii., § 12); εἶναι ὑπό τινα or τί, to be under, i. e. subject to the power of, any person or thing: ὑπό ἐξουσίαν namely, ὤν, L WH brackets read ὑπό ἐξουσίαν τασσόμενος (set under authority), so also the Sinaiticus manuscript); οἱ ὑπό νόμον, namely, ὄντες, ὑπό ἐκπληξιν εἶναι, Protevangelium Jacobi, 18). τηρεῖν τινα, φρουρεῖσθαι, sub (cf. sub vespe. ram), equivalent to about (see examples from the Greek writings in Passow, p. 2111{a}; (Liddell and Scott, under the word, C. III.)): ὑπό τόν ὄρθρον, about daybreak, R G is counted (cf. III. in Composition ὑπό denotes:<br /><b class="num">1.</b> locality, under: ὑποκάτω, ὑποπόδιον, ὑπωπιάζω, ὑποδέω; of the goal of motion, i. e. ὑπό τί, as ὑποδέχομαι (under one's roof); ὑπολαμβάνω (to receive by standing under); ὑποβάλλω, ὑποτίθημι; tropically, in expressions of subjection, compliance, etc., as ὑπακούω, ὑπακοή, ὑπηκως, ὑπόδικος, ὕπανδρος, ὑπάγω, ὑπολείπω, ὑποχωρέω.<br /><b class="num">2.</b> small in degree, slightly, as ὑποπνέω. 
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