τρέπω: Difference between revisions

|Definition=<span class="bibl">Il.8.399</span>, etc.: fut. <span class="sense"><span class="bld">A</span> τρέψω <span class="bibl">15.261</span>, etc.: aor. 1 ἔτρεψα <span class="bibl">18.469</span>, etc., Ep. τρέψα <span class="bibl">16.645</span>: besides aor. 1 Hom. has aor. 2 ἔτρᾰπον, <span class="bibl">Od.4.294</span>, al., also <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>10(11).15</span> (sts. also intr., v. [[περιτρέπω]] ''ΙΙ'' and perhaps <span class="bibl">Il.16.657</span>, cf. ''III'' fin.): Aeol. aor. [[ἔτροπον]], v. [[ἀνατρέπω]]: pf. τέτροφα <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span>858</span>, <span class="bibl">Anaxandr.51</span>, (ἀνα-) <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Tr.</span>1009</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl">And.1.131</span>; later τέτρᾰφα <span class="bibl">Din.1.108</span>, (ἀνα-) ib.<span class="bibl">30</span>, <span class="bibl">D.18.296</span> (cod. S), <span class="bibl">Aeschin.1.190</span>, <span class="bibl">3.158</span> (but cf. Wackernagel Studien zum griech. Perf.15); ἐπι-τέτραφα <span class="bibl">Plb.30.6.6</span> :—Med., fut. τρέψομαι <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.97</span>, <span class="bibl">Hp.<span class="title">Prog.</span>20</span>, <span class="bibl">E. <span class="title">Hipp.</span>1066</span>, etc.: aor. ἐτρεψάμην <span class="bibl">Od.1.422</span>, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Heracl.</span>842</span>: also aor. 2 ἐτραπόμην <span class="bibl">Il.16.594</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.3</span>, al. (used also in pass. sense, (ἀν-) <span class="bibl">Il.6.64</span>, <span class="bibl">14.447</span>, and once in Att., (ἀν-) <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Cra.</span>395d</span>); imper. τραποῦ <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ra.</span> 1248</span>: pf. (v. infr.):—Pass., fut. τρᾰπήσομαι <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Nic.</span>21</span>, etc.; also τετράψομαι <span class="bibl">Ph.1.220</span>, (ἐπι-) Pisistr. ap. <span class="bibl">D.L.1.54</span>: aor. ἐτρέφθην <span class="bibl">Hom. <span class="title">Epigr.</span>14.7</span>, once in Trag., <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">El.</span>1046</span> (v. [[ἐπιτρέπω]]); Ion. τραφθῆναι <span class="bibl">Od.15.80</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Hdt.4.12</span>: aor. 2 <b class="b3">ἐτράπην [ᾰ]</b> <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>1029</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ec.</span> 416</span>, etc.; [[ἐτρέπην]] (ἐν-) <span class="bibl"><span class="title">UPZ</span>5.24</span> (ii B. C.): pf. [[τέτραμμαι]] <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>519b</span>; 3pl. τετράφαται <span class="bibl">Thgn.42</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Il.2.25</span> (ἐπι-); 3sg. imper. τετράφθω <span class="bibl">12.273</span>; part. τετραμμένος <span class="bibl">19.212</span>, etc.: plpf., Ep. 3sg. τέτραπτο <span class="bibl">Od.4.260</span>; 3pl. τετράφατο <span class="bibl">Il.10.189</span>.—From the aor. 2 has been formed the pres. ἐπιτρᾰπέουσι, ib.<span class="bibl">421</span>; cf. [[τραπητέον]].—The Ion. forms used by Hdt. are pres. Pass. τράπονται <span class="bibl">6.33</span>, al.; 3sg. impf. τρέπεσκε <span class="bibl">4.128</span>; aor. Pass. [[τραφθείς]] <span class="bibl">9.56</span>; but fut. [[ἐπιτράψομαι]] is f. l. in <span class="bibl">3.155</span>, and in the pres. Act. and Pass. codd. vary (both forms in codd. of <span class="bibl">2.92</span> (Act.), τρέπεται <span class="bibl">1.117</span>, τράπεται <span class="bibl">4.60</span>):—Dor. forms, τράπω <span class="bibl"><span class="title">EM</span>114.19</span>; fut. ἐπιτραψῶ <span class="title">Schwyzer</span>198.21 (Crete):—[[turn]] or [[direct]] towards a thing, Hom., etc.; mostly folld. by a Prep., τ. [φύσας] ἐς πῦρ <span class="bibl">Il.18.469</span>; ἐς ποταμὸν φλόγα <span class="bibl">21.349</span>; <b class="b3">εἰς εὐνὴν τράπεθ' ἥμεας</b> [[show]] us to [[bed]], <span class="bibl">Od.4.294</span> (perhaps with a punning reference to [[ταρπώμεθα]] in next line); λέκτρονδε τραπείομεν εὐνηθέντες <span class="bibl">8.292</span> (as though [[τραπείομεν]] in <span class="bibl">Il.3.441</span> belonged to [[τρέπω]] and not to [[τέρπω]]; unless there is a [[pause]] after [[λέκτρονδε]]) ; θυμὸν εἰς ἔργον τ. <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>316</span>; εἰς ἐχθροὺς βέλος <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>255</span>; πόλεις ἐς ὕβριν <span class="bibl">Th.3.39</span>; τὸν ἄνθρωπον . . εἰς ἀθυμίαν <span class="bibl">D.23.194</span>; πρὸς ἠέλιον κεφαλήν <span class="bibl">Od.13.29</span>; πρὸς ὄρος πίονα μῆλα <span class="bibl">9.315</span>; πρὸς εὐφροσύναν ἦτορ <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">I.</span>3.10</span>; τὰς γνώμας πρὸς χρηματισμόν <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Ep.</span>355b</span>; also ἐπ' ἐμπορίην θυμόν <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>646</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Pl. <span class="title">Phdr.</span>257b</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">R.</span>508c</span>; [[δᾶμος|δᾶμον]] ἐς ἡσυχίαν <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>1.70</span>; ἐπ' ἐχθροῖς χεῖρα <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>772</span>; κατὰ πληθὺν τ. θυμόν <span class="bibl">Il.5.676</span>; ἀντίον Ζεφύρου πρόσωπον <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>594</span>: with Advbs., πάντων ὁμόσε στόματ' ἔτραπε <span class="bibl">Il.12.24</span>; οὐκ οἶδ' ὅποι χρὴ . . τ. ἔπος <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Ph.</span>897</span>; ἐνταῦθα σὴν φρένα <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">IT</span>1322</span>; [[τὴν]] διάνοιαν ἄλλοσε <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">R.</span>393a</span>; ἐκεῖσε τ. τὰς ἡδονάς <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Lg.</span>643c</span>; ἐπὶ τὴν θεραπείαν τὸν λόγον <span class="bibl">Sor.2.23</span>: c. inf., <b class="b3">σέ . . ἔτραπε . . ὀργὰ παρφάμεν</b> [[led]] thee to [[speak]] [[crooked]]ly, <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>9.43</span>:—also in Med., [[τραπέσθαι]] τινὰ ἐπί τι <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Euthd.</span>303c</span>, cf. <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Chrm.</span>156c</span>:—Pass., κεῖται ἀνὰ πρόθυρον τετραμμένος <span class="bibl">Il.19.212</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> Pass. and Med., [[turn one's steps]], [[turn in a certain direction]], τραφθῆναι ἀν' Ἑλλάδα <span class="bibl">Od.15.80</span>; τραφθέντες ἐς τὸ [[πεδίον]] <span class="bibl">Hdt. 9.56</span>; ἐς Θήβας ἐτραπόμην <span class="bibl">Id.2.3</span>; <b class="b3">ἐπὶ Προκόννησον, ἐπ' Ἀθηνέων</b>, Id <span class="bibl">6.33</span>, <span class="bibl">5.57</span>: with Advbs., <b class="b3">ἀμηχανεῖν ὅποι τράποιντο</b> which way to [[turn]], <span class="bibl">A. <span class="title">Pers.</span>459</span>; ἀμηχανῶ . . ὅπᾳ τράπωμαι <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ag.</span>1532</span> (lyr.); πᾷ τις τράποιτ' ἄν; <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ch.</span>409</span> (lyr.); ποῖ τρέψομαι; <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Hipp.</span>1066</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>3.5.13</span>; ποῖ χρὴ [[τραπέσθαι]]; <span class="bibl">Lys.29.2</span>: c. acc. cogn., <b class="b3">τραπέσθαι ὁδόν</b> [[take]] a [[course]], <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.11</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">9.69</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Sph.</span>242b</span>; πολλὰς ὁδοὺς τραπόμενοι κατὰ ὄρη <span class="bibl">Th.5.10</span>; ἐτρέφθην ἥνπερ ἦν πορεύσιμον <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">El.</span>1046</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> in Pass. and Med. also, [[turn]] or [[betake]] [[oneself]], <b class="b3">εἰς ὀρχηστύν, εἰς ἀοιδήν</b>, <span class="bibl">Od.1.422</span>, <span class="bibl">18.305</span>; ἐπὶ ἔργα <span class="bibl">Il.3.422</span>, etc.; <b class="b3">ἐπ' ἀναιδείην</b> Hom <span class="title">Epigr.</span>14.7; ἐπὶ σωφροσύνην <span class="bibl">Thgn.379</span>; ἐπὶ ψευδέα ὁδόν <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.117</span>; ἐπὶ φροντίδας <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">IA</span>646</span>; ἐφ' ἁρπαγήν <span class="bibl">Th.4.104</span>; ἐπ' εἰρήνην <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>4.4.2</span>; ἐς τὸ [[μαίνεσθαι]] <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">OC</span>1537</span>; ἐς ἀλκήν <span class="bibl">Th.2.84</span>; εἰς ἁρπαγὴν ἐπὶ τὰς οἰκίας <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">HG</span>6.5.30</span>; κατὰ θέαν τετραμμένοι <span class="bibl">Th.5.9</span>; πρὸς ἀλκήν <span class="bibl">Hdt.3.78</span>; πρὸς τὸ [[κέρδιον]] τραπείς <span class="bibl">S.<span class="title">Aj.</span>743</span>; πρὸς λῃστείαν <span class="bibl">Th.1.5</span>; πρὸς ἄριστον τετρ. <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.63</span>; πρὸς τὸν πότον <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Smp.</span>176a</span>, etc.; also <b class="b3">τ. πρός τινα</b> [[betake oneself]], have [[recourse]] to him, <span class="bibl">Cratin.152</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>4.5.30</span>, <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Prt.</span> 339e</span>; ἐφ' ἱκετείαν τ. τῶν διωκόντων <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Ap.</span>39a</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">4</span> Pass. and Med., of places, to [[be turned]] or [[look]] in a [[certain]] [[direction]], πρὸς ζόφον <span class="bibl">Od. 12.81</span>; <b class="b3">πρὸς ἄρκτον, πρὸς νότον</b>, etc., <span class="bibl">Hdt. 1.148</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.2.15</span>, etc.; also πρὸς τοῦ Τμώλου <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.84</span>; <b class="b3">ἄντ' ἠελίου τετρ</b>. straight towards, <span class="bibl">Hes. <span class="title">Op.</span>727</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">II</span> [[turn]], i. e. [[turn round]] or [[turn about]], <b class="b3">πάλιν τρέπειν</b> [[turn back]], ἵππους <span class="bibl">Il.8.432</span>; τινα ib.<span class="bibl">399</span>; [[ὄσσε]], [[δόρυ]], <span class="bibl">21.415</span>, <span class="bibl">20.439</span>; <b class="b3">τὰ καλὰ τ. ἔξω</b> [[turn]] the [[best]] [[side]] [[outmost]], show the best side (of a [[garment]]), <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>3.83</span>:—Pass., πάλιν ἐτράπετ' <span class="bibl">Il.21.468</span>; μή τις ὀπίσσω τετράφθω <span class="bibl">12.273</span>; c. gen., [[turn from]]... [[υἷος]] <span class="bibl">18.138</span>; <b class="b3">ἐτράπετ' αἰχμή</b> the [[point]] [[bent back]], like ἀνεγνάμφθη, <span class="bibl">11.237</span>; of the sun having passed the meridian, πόστην ἥλιος τέτραπται; <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Fr.</span>163</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Antig. <span class="title">Mir.</span>60</span>; also of the [[solstice]], <b class="b3">ἐπειδὰν ἐν χειμῶνι τράπηται [ὁ ἥλιος]</b> (v. [[τροπή]] ''1'') <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Mem.</span>4.3.8</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Pl.<span class="title">Lg.</span>915d</span>; τραπείσης τῆς ὥρας <span class="bibl">Arist. <span class="title">HA</span>628b26</span>:—intr. in Act., <b class="b3">περὶ δ' ἔτραπον ὧραι</b>, v. [[περιτρέπω]] ''ΙΙ''. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">2</span> <b class="b3">τ. τι εἴς τινα</b> [[turn]] upon another's [[head]], <b class="b3">τ. τὴν αἰτίαν, τὴν ὀργὴν εἴς τινα</b>, <span class="bibl">Is.8.41</span>, <span class="bibl">D.8.57</span>; freq. in [[imprecation]]s, <b class="b3">ἐς κεφαλὴν τράποιτ' ἐμοί</b> on my head be it! <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ach.</span>833</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.39</span>; <b class="b3">εἰς σεαυτὸν τρεπέσθω</b> on your head be it! <span class="title">IG</span>4.444 (Phlius); ἦ κἀπ' ἐμοὶ τρέποιτ' ἂν αἰτίας τέλος; <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Eu.</span>434</span>; [[κατὰ σεαυτόν νυν τρέπου]] = [[keep your ills to yourself]], <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Ach.</span>1019</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Nu.</span>1263</span>; πρὸς ὑμᾶς αὐτοὺς τρέψεσθε <span class="bibl">Lys.8.19</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">3</span> [[alter]], [[change]], φρένας <span class="bibl">Il.6.61</span>; τὰς γνώμας <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>3.1.41</span>; <b class="b3">[τὸ χρῶμα</b>] <span class="bibl">Sor.1.35</span>; [<b class="b3">τὸ γάλα</b>] ib.<span class="bibl">92</span>; ἔτραπεν κεῖνον μισθῷ [[χρυσός]] <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>3.55</span>; [[deceive]], <span class="bibl">Archil.166</span>; ἐς κακὸν τ. τινά <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">P.</span>3.35</span>; ἅττ' ἂν ὑμεῖς ἐξαμάρτητ' ἐπὶ τὸ [[βέλτιον]] [[τρέπειν]] <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span>589</span> (troch.); ἐς [[γέλων]] τὸ πρᾶγμ' ἔτρεψας <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">V.</span>1261</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.105</span>, etc.: Med., <b class="b3">πρὸς τὰς ξυμφορὰς τὰς γνώμας τρέπεσθαι</b> [[shift]] their [[view]]s, <span class="bibl">Th.1.140</span>, cf. Plu. 2.71e, etc.:—Pass., to [[be changed]], τρέπεται χρώς <span class="bibl">Il.13.279</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Od. 21.413</span>, <span class="bibl">Hes.<span class="title">Op.</span>416</span>; <b class="b3">τὴν χρόαν τρέπεσθαι</b>, of animals, Plu.2.51d; <b class="b3">τῷ χρώματι τρεπομένας</b>, of women, <span class="bibl">Sor.1.35</span> (so abs., of a man, Id.<span class="title">Vit.Hippocr.</span>5); ὁ οὕτω [[τρεπόμενος]] [[σφυγμός]] Gal.18(2).40; τρέπεται νόος <span class="bibl">Od.3.147</span>; νόος ἐτράπετ' <span class="bibl">7.263</span>; Διὸς ἐτράπετο φρήν <span class="bibl">Il.10.45</span>; τράπομαι καὶ τὴν γνώμην μετατίθεμαι <span class="bibl">Hdt.7.18</span>; <b class="b3">ὁρῶν αὐτοὺς τετραμμένους</b> seeing that they had [[change]]d their [[mind]]s, <span class="bibl">Id.9.34</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Th.4.106</span>; ἐπὶ τὰ βελτίω τρέπου <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">V.</span>986</span>: c. inf., κραδίη τέτραπτο νέεσθαι <span class="bibl">Od.4.260</span>; ἐτράποντο . . τῷ δήμῳ . . τὰ [[πράγμα]]τα ἐνδιδόναι <span class="bibl">Th. 2.65</span>: c. acc. cogn., πλείους τραπόμενος τροπὰς τοῦ Εὐρίπου <span class="bibl">Aeschin. 3.90</span>; <b class="b3">οἶνος τρέπεται</b> the [[wine]] [[turn]]s, [[becomes sour]] (v. [[τροπίας]]), <span class="bibl">S.E. <span class="title">P.</span>1.41</span>; ἡ ξανθὴ χολὴ . . εἰς τὸν ἰώδη τρέπεται χυμόν Gal.16.534; <b class="b3">ἡ ἀδελφὴ ἐπὶ τὸ κομψότερον ἐτράπη</b> has taken a [[turn]] for the [[better]], <span class="bibl"><span class="title">POxy.</span>935.5</span> (iii A. D.); <b class="b3">ἐπὶ τὸ ῥᾷον ἔδοξεν τετράφθαι</b> ib.<span class="bibl">939.17</span> (iv A. D.); <b class="b3">τοῦ πατρὸς ἡμῶν εἰς ἄπορον τραπέντος</b> having [[become]] [[destitute]], <span class="bibl"><span class="title">PMeyer</span> 8.14</span> (ii A. D.):—intr. in Act., τοῦ ἄρχοντος τρέποντος εἰς δεσπότην <span class="bibl">Ph.2.562</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">III</span> [[turn]] or [[put]] to [[flight]], [[rout]], [[defeat]], τρέψω δ' ἥρωας Ἀχαιούς <span class="bibl">Il.15.261</span>; ἔτρεψε φάλαγγας <span class="bibl">Tyrt.12.21</span>, cf. <span class="bibl">Pi.<span class="title">O.</span>10</span> (''ΙΙ'').<span class="bibl">15</span>, <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.63</span>, <span class="bibl">4.128</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.1.62</span>, <span class="bibl">4.25</span>,<span class="bibl">33</span>, etc.; in full, φύγαδε τ. <span class="bibl">Il.8.157</span>; εἰς φυγὴν ἔτρεψε τοὺς ἑξακισχιλίους <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>1.8.24</span>; τρέψαι καὶ ἐς φυγὴν καταστῆσαι <span class="bibl">Th.7.43</span> (but ἔτρεψαν ἐς φυγὴν πόδα they fled, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Supp.</span>718</span>):—Med., pres., <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>5.4.16</span>, <span class="bibl">J.<span class="title">AJ</span>13.2.4</span>, <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Cam.</span>29</span>: fut., <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Eq.</span>275</span> (troch.): aor. 1, <span class="bibl">E.<span class="title">Heracl.</span>842</span>, <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>6.1.13</span>:—Pass., to [[be put to flight]], aor. 2 ἐτράπην <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Pers.</span>1029</span> (lyr.), <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">Cyr.</span>5.4.7</span> (v.l. ἐτράποντο), etc.: also aor. 1 ἐτρέφθην <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">An.</span>5.4.23</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">HG</span>3.4.14</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Cyn.</span>12.5</span>: aor. 2 Med. ἐτραπόμην <span class="bibl">Hdt.1.80</span>, <span class="bibl">9.63</span>, etc.; ἐς φυγὴν [[τραπέσθαι]] <span class="bibl">Id.8.91</span>, <span class="bibl">Th.8.95</span>; τραπόμενοι κατέφυγον <span class="bibl">Id.4</span> <span class="bibl">54</span>; φυγῇ ἄλλος ἄλλῃ ἐτράπετο <span class="bibl">X.<span class="title">An.</span>4.8.19</span>; ἐτράποντο φεύγειν <span class="bibl">Plu.<span class="title">Lys.</span> 28</span>, <span class="bibl"><span class="title">Caes.</span>45</span>: rarely in pf. Pass., τετραμμένου φυγᾷ γένους <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Th.</span>952</span> (lyr.):—also intr. in Act., φύγαδ' ἔτραπε <span class="bibl">Il.16.657</span> (unless it [[govern]]s [[δίφρον]]). </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">IV</span> [[turn away]], [[keep off]], οὐκ ἄν με τρέψειαν ὅσοι θεοί εἰσ' ἐν Ὀλύμπῳ <span class="bibl">8.451</span>; τ. τινὰ ἀπὸ τείχεος <span class="bibl">22.16</span>; ἑκάς τινος <span class="bibl">Od.17.73</span> (Med.); τῇ . . νόον ἔτραπεν <span class="bibl">19.479</span>: abs., ἀλλὰ Ζεὺς ἔτρεψε <span class="bibl">Il.4.381</span>; of [[weapon]]s, [[βέλος]] . . ἔτραπεν ἄλλῃ <span class="bibl">5.187</span>; ἀπὸ ἔγχεος ὁρμὴν ἔτραπε <span class="bibl">Hes. <span class="title">Sc.</span>456</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">V</span> [[overturn]], εὐτυχοῦντα μὲν σκιά τις ἂν τρέψειεν <span class="bibl">A.<span class="title">Ag.</span> 1328</span> ([[si vera lectio|s. v.l.]]); τ. ἄνω κάτω <span class="bibl">Id.<span class="title">Fr.</span>311</span>. </span><span class="sense"><span class="bld">VI</span> [[turn]], [[apply]], τ. τι ἐς ἄλλο τι <span class="bibl">Hdt.2.92</span>; <b class="b3">τὰς ἐμβάδας ποῖ τέτροφας;</b> what have you done with your [[shoe]]s? <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">Nu.</span>858</span>; τὸν [[μόναυλος|μόναυλον]] ποῖ τέτροφας; <span class="bibl">Anaxandr. 51</span>:—Pass., ποῖ τρέπεται . . τὰ [[χρήμα]]τα; <span class="bibl">Ar.<span class="title">V.</span>665</span> (anap.).</span>

|ftr='''τρέπω''': {trépō}<br />'''Forms''': dor. ion. auch [[τράπω]], -ομαι, Aor. 1. τρέψαι, -ασθαι, 2. [[τραπεῖν]], -έσθαι, Fut. τρέψω (ἐπιτραψῶ Kreta), τρέψομαι, Pass. (intr.) Aor. [[τραφθῆναι]], Perf. [[τέτραμμαι]] (alles seit Hom.), auch [[τραπῆναι]] (A. usw.), τρεφθῆναι (E.), Ptz. ἐντρεπέντες (Pap. II^a), Perf. Akt. [[τέτροφα]], später [[τέτραφα]] (att.),<br />'''Grammar''': v.<br />'''Meaning''': ‘wenden, drehen, kehren, in die Flucht schlagen; sich wenden, verkehren, sich ändern, die Flucht ergreifen’.<br />'''Composita''' : sehr oft m. Präfix. ἀνα-, ἀπο-, ἐκ-, ἐν-, ἐπι-, μετα-, παρα-, περι- usw. mit verschiedenen Sinnfärbungen,<br />'''Derivative''': Zahlreiche Ableitungen (gedrängte Übersicht). A. Mit ο-Abtönung: 1. [[τρόπος]] m. [[Wendung]], meist übertr. [[Art und Weise]], [[Sitte]], [[Gesinnung]], [[Charakter]] (Pi., ion. att.; zur Bed. Kuiper Mnem. 36, 419ff.), auch [[Balken]] (Moschio ap. Ath. 5, 208c; auch ngr., = δοκὸς τετραμμένος, s. Φάβης bei Kretschmer Glotta 11, 249). Kompp., z.B. [[πολύτροπος]] (s. [[πολύς]]; zur Bed. noch van Groningen MAWNied. N. R. 9 : 8, 15) mit -ια (Hdt., Hp. usw.); oft von den Präfixkompp., z. B. [[ἐπίτροπος]] m. ‘Aufseher, Vorsteher, Verwalte (ion. att.). Davon [[τροπικός]] [[zur Wende gehörig]] (Arist. usw.), [[ἐπιτροπικός]], -εύω, -εία, -ευσις, -εύσιμος, -ευτικός. Denom. τροπόομαι, -όω, auch m. κατα- u.a., [[in die Flucht schlagen]] (LXX, D. H. u.a.). 2. [[τροπός]] m. "Dreher", [[Riemen]], [[vermittelst dessen das Ruder um die [[κληΐς]] beim Rudern sich drehte]] (Od., Opp.) mit τροπόομαι ‘mit [[τροπός]] versehen (werden)’ (A., Ar., Poll.), -ωτήρ m. = [[τροπός]] (Ar., Th. u.a.). 3. [[τροπή]] f. ‘Wendung (der Sonne, des Feindes usw.), Wechsel’ (seit ο 404); sehr oft zu den Präfixkompp., z.B. [[ἀποτροπή]] f. (: [[ἀποτρέπω]]) [[Abwendung]] (att.) mit -αιος, -ιμος, -ία, -ιάζω, -ίασμα, -ιασμός, -ιαστής. Davon [[τροπαῖος]] ‘Wendung (der Feinde) herbeiführend, Sieg verleihend’; τὸ [[τροπαῖον]], -αιον [[Siegesdenkmal]] (att.; sc. [[σημεῖον]] od.ä.; Georgacas Glotta 36, 185; zum schwankenden Akz. Scheller Oxytonierung 128 A. 2). 4. -τροπία f. sehr oft in Ableitungen, z.B. [[ἐντροπίη]] = εντροπή [[Rücksichtnahme]], [[Achtung]] (Hp.), -ίαι pl. ‘(listige) Wendungen, Ränke’ (''h''. ''Merc''.), μετατροπίαι pl. Wechselfälle des Schicksals’ (Pi.); παλιντροπίαι pl. ‘Sinnes-änderungen’ (A. R.: [[παλίντροπος]]). 5. -τρόπιον n. in Ableitungen, z.B. [[ἐκτρόπιον]] N. einer Augenkrankheit, [[Verdrehung der Augenlider]] (Mediz.), [[ἡλιοτρόπιον]] Pfl.name [[Sonnenwende]] (Thphr. u.a.), [[Sonnenuhr]] (Delos III^a u.a.). 6. [[τροπίας]] [[οἶνος]] (auch ἐν-, ἐκ-) [[umgeschlagener]], [[saurer Wein]] (Ar. u.a.). 7. [[τρόπις]], -ιος (-ιδος, -εως) f. [[Grundbalken des Schiffs]], [[Schiffskiel]] (ep. ion. seit Od., Arist. usw.), Bildung wie [[τρόφις]], [[στρόφις]], [[τρόχις]] u.a.; somit eig. "Wender"? (zur Bed. vgl. [[τρόπος]] = [[Balken]] [s. ob.] und Hermann GGN 1943. 5 f.). Davon τροπιδεῖα (auch -ια) pl. ib. (Pl. ''Lg''. 803a, Pell.. Phot.); [[ναῦς]] τετροπισμένη (: [[τροπίζω]]) [[mit Kiel ausgerüstet]] (Hp.); Hypostase [[ὑποτρόπιος]] [[unter dem Kiel befindlich]] (Opp., Orph.). 8. -τροπεύς nur in [[ἀνατροπεύς]] m. [[Umstürzer Zerstörer]] (: [[ἀνατροπή]], [[ἀνατρέπω]]; Antipho, Plu., D. Chr., Bosshardt 60). 9. Adv. -τροπάδην, dor. -δαν, nur von den Präfixkompp., z.B. [[προτροπάδην]] [[vorwärtgerichtet]], [[Hals über Kopf]] (''P'' 304, Pi., Pl. usw.); [[τρόπα]] παίζειν N. eines Spiels (Kratin., Poll.; vgl. Schwyzer 623 A. 1). 10. [[τροπέω]] = [[τρέπω]] (Σ 224; myk. ''to''-''ro''-''qe''-''jo''-''me''-''no''? vgl. unten), iter. od. denom.; auch m. παρα-, περι- (Hom. u.a.) und nominalem Vorderglied, z.B. [[κακοτροπέω]] [[schlecht handeln]] (: [[κακότροπος]], Hp.). 11. -τροπάζομαι nur in ὑπετροπάσθην [[kehrte zurück]], [[bekam einen Rückfall]] (: [[ὑπότροπος]], [[ὑποτρέπομαι]]; Pap.III^a); auch -τροπιάζω, mit ὑπο- [[einen Rückfall bekommen]] mit -ιασμός (Hp.), ἀπο- ~ [[abwenden]], -ιασμός u.a. (LXX, Pap. u.a.). 12. Mit λ-Erweiterung (vgl. Bechtel Lex. 318 f.): τροπαλίζει· στρέφει mit -ισμός· [[μεταβολή]] H.; Ptz. ἐντροπαλιζόμενος [[sich umdrehend]], [[zurückwendend]] (Il., Q. S.), Ipf. μετατροπαλίζεο [[wandtest dich um]] (Υ 190). 13. [[τροπαλίς]] (v.l. -αλλίς). -ίδος f. [[Bündel]], von Zwiebeln (Ar. ''Ach''. 813), [[τρόπηλις]] (Hdn. Gr.), τρι(τ)οπηλίς H., Bildung unklar (unbefriedigend Bechtel Dial. 2, 205 f.). — B. Mit ε-Vokal : 1. -τρεψις in [[ἀπό]]-, ἔκ-, [[ἀνά]]- ~ (von [[ἀποτρέπω]] usw.) [[Abneigung]] bzw. [[Verdrehung]] bzw. [[Umwendung]] (Hp., Arist. u.a.). 2. [[τρεπτικός]] ‘eine Umwandlung od. Wendung verursachend’ (sp.), meist von den präfigierten Verba, z.B. [[προτρεπτικός]] [[auffordernd]] (att.). C. Mit tiefstufigem α-Vokal: 1. [[τραπέμπαλιν]] Adv. [[rückwärts gedreht]] (: [[ἔμπαλιν]] [[τραπέσθαι]], Pherekr.; Schwyzer 633). 2. -τραπελος nur mit Präfix, z.B. [[εὐτράπελος]] (: εὖ [[τραπέσθαι]]) [[sich leicht drehend]], [[beweglich]], [[gewandt]], [[witzig]] (Pi., att.) mit [[εὐτραπελία]], -ίζομαι, -εύομαι; ebenso [[δυσ-]], ἐκ-, ἐν- ~ usw.; τραπελιζόμενος· [[συνεχῶς]] ἀναστρεφόμενος H. D. Mit Dehnstufe: [[τρωπάω]], -άομαι, auch m. ἀπο-, παρα-, ἐπι-, μετα-, nur Präs. und Ipf., Iterativum (Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 358).<br />'''Etymology''' : Die obigen Formen bilden ein ziemlich wohl zusammengehaltenes System, das sich schon früh aus einem anscheinend bescheidenen idg. Keim innerhalb des Griechischen reich entfaltet hat. Aus anderen Sprachen meldet sich zunächst lat. ''trepit'' [[vertit]], das indessen nur bei Paul. Fest. p. 367 vorkommt und vielleicht eine Grammatikerkonstruktion ist. Formal zu τρέπεται stimmt aind. (ep. klass.) ''trápate'' [[schämt sich]], [[wird verlegen]]; angesichts gr. ἐντρέπομαι ‘sich um etwas kümmern’, auch ‘sich vor jmdm. schämen’ ist diese Zusammenstellung auch semantisch unbedingt möglich. Dann fuhrt der Weg weiter zu lat. ''turpis'' [[häßlich]] (eig. *"wovon man sich abwendet, wovor man sich scheut"?). Noch unsicherer ist der Vergleich mit heth. ''te''-''ri''-''ip''-''zi'' von der Ackerarbeit, etwa [[pflügen]] ? Bei diesen Kombinationen wird die Einbeziehung von myk. ''to''-''ro''-''qe''-''jo''-''me''-''no'' (Bed. unbekannt) und von lat. ''torqueō'' hinfällig. — Von [[τρέπω]] [[wenden]] ist [[τραπέω]] [[austreten]], [[keltern]] wahrscheinlich zu trennen. Weiteres bei WP. 1, 756f., Pok. 1094, W.-Hofmann s. ''trepit'' und ''turpis'', Mayrhofer s. ''trápate''.<br />'''Page''' 2,923-925