συγγενής: Difference between revisions

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ἄλογον δὴ τὸ μήτε μάχης ἄρξασθαι μήτε τοὺς φίλους φυλάξαι, ἐὰν ὑπό γε τῶν βαρβάρων ἀδικῆσθε → It is irrational neither to begin battle nor to guard the friends, if you are ever wronged by the foreigners

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Revision as of 00:42, 9 February 2013

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Full diacritics: συγγενής Medium diacritics: συγγενής Low diacritics: συγγενής Capitals: ΣΥΓΓΕΝΗΣ
Transliteration A: syngenḗs Transliteration B: syngenēs Transliteration C: syggenis Beta Code: suggenh/s

English (LSJ)

ές,

   A congenital, inborn, ἦθος Pi.O.13.13; εὐδοξία Id.N.3.40; σ. εἶδος,= φύσις, character, Hp.Hum.1; νόσημα σ. ἐστί τινι Id.Prorrh.2.2; φόβος A.Eu.691; παύροις . . ἐστι συγγενὲς τόδε natural to them, Id.Ag.832; ἡ τύχη προσγίγνεθ' ἡμῖν σ. τῷ σώματι Philem.10; πότμος σ. Pi.N.5.40; προϊδεῖν σ. οἷς ἕπεται who have the natural gift to foresee, ib.1.28; συγγενεῖς μῆνες my connate months, the months of my natural life, S.OT1082; σ. τρίχες the hair born with one, i.e. the hair of the head as opp. to the beard, Arist.HA518a18, 584a24; σημεῖα σ. birth-marks, ib.585b31; δυνάμεις αἱ σ., opp. αἱ ἔθει and αἱ μαθήσει, Id.Metaph.1047b31; αὔξει τὸ σ. increases its natural force, Id.EN1119b9. Adv., -νῶς δύστηνος miserable from his birth, E.HF1293; v. σύμφυτος.    II of the same kin, descent, or family, akin to, τινι Hdt.1.109, 3.2, E.Heracl.229: abs., akin, cognate, θεός A.Pr.14; γυνή E.Andr.887; χείρ S.OC1387; συγγενέστατον φύσει πάντων most nearly akin, Is.11.17; σ. γάμος ἀνεψιῶν A.Pr.855; of animals, Arist.HA539a23, GA747a31, al.: hence,    b Subst., kinsman, relative, οὖσα σ. ἐκείνου Ar.Pax618 (troch.); τῆς ἐμῆς γυναικὸς ξυγγενεῖ (dual) Id.Av.368 (troch.); πρὸς σ. τε καὶ οἰκείους αὐτῶν Pl.R.378c; ἔργον εὑρεῖν συγγενῆ πένητός ἐστιν Men.4; γάμει τὴν συγγενῆ Id.929: freq. in pl., οἱ σ. kinsfolk, kinsmen, Pi.P.4.133, Hdt.2.91, etc.; not properly applied to children (ἔκγονοι) in relation to their parents, and so opp. ἔκγονοι in Is.8.30, v. συγγένεια 1 (but cf. And.1.17); τοῖς συγγενέσι τὰ τοῦ συγγενοῦς ψηφίζεσθαι Is.4.23.    c τὸ σ.,= συγγένεια, kindred, relationship, A.Pr.291 (anap.), S.El.1469, Th.3.82, etc.; also, the spirit of one's race, Pi.P.10.12, N.6.8; εἰ τούτῳ προσήκει Λαΐῳ τι σ. if he had any connexion with him, S.OT814; of tribes, κατὰ τὸ ξ. Th.1.95.    2 metaph., akin, cognate, of like kind, τοὺς τρόπους οὐ συγγενής Ar.Eq.1280 (troch.), cf. Th.574; ξυγγενὴς ὁ κύσθος αὐτῆς θητέρᾳ (for τῷ τῆς ἑτέρας) Id.Ach.789; freq. in Pl., [ἡ ψυχὴ] σ. οὖσα τῷ θείῳ R.611e; τῇ πολεμικῇ σ. ἡ πάλη Lg.814d; τοῖς . . λόγοις τὴν αἰτίαν συγγενῆ δεῖ νομίζειν Arist.GA788b9, cf. Rh.1398a21 (Comp.): rarely c. gen., νοῦς αἰτίας σ. Pl.Phlb.31a, cf. Phd.79d, R.403a, 487a: abs., σ. τιμωρίαι fitting, proper punishments, Lycurg.122 (but prob. f.l. for εὐγ-) ; συγγενῆ things of the same kind, homogeneous, Arist. APo.76a1; τὰ σ. καὶ τὰ ὁμοειδῆ Id.Rh.1405a35; σ. τέχναι Stoic.2.30; ἐν γαίῃ μὲν σῶμα τὸ σ. its congener, IG9(1).882.7 (Corc<*>ra). Adv., συγγενῶς ἔρχεσθαι Pl.Lg.897c; σ. τρέχων Πλάτωνι Alex.1 (codd. D.L.); τὰ σ. εἰρημένα to similar effect, Phld.Mus. p.92K.    III συγγενής represented a title bestowed at the Persian court by the king as a mark of honour, 'cousin', X.Cyr.1.4.27, 2.2.31, D.S.16.50; also at the Ptolemaic and Seleucid courts, OGI104.2 (Delos, ii B.C.), al., BGU1741.12 (i B.C.), LXX 1 Ma.10.89; οἱ σ. τῶν κατοίκων ἱππέων prob. a category of nobles among the κάτοικοι, PTeb.61 (b). 79 (ii B.C.); συγγενεῖς κάτοικοι UPZ14.8 (ii B.C.).