ἕλκω

English (LSJ)

(ἑλκύω late, Tz.H.6.621), Il.24.52, etc., impf.

   A εἷλκον A.Fr.39, etc., Ep.ἕλκον Il.4.213,al. (never εἵλκυον): fut.ἕλξω A.Supp.909, etc., rarely ἑλκύσω [ῠ] Hp.Fract.2, Philem.174: aor. εἵλκῠσα Batr.232, Pi.N.7.103, Trag. and Att., E.Ph.987, Ar.Nu.540, SIG2587.23, al., etc.; ἥλκυσα IG11(2).287 B61 (Delos, ii B.C.), CIG4993,5006 (Egypt, iii A.D.); later εἷλξα, poet. ἕλξα AP9.370 (Tib. Ill.), Orph.A.258, Gal.Nat.Fac.1.12: pf. εἵλκῠκα D.22.59; pf. part. ἑολκώς prob.in Epich. 177:—Med., fut. -ύσομαι (ἐφ-) Antyll. ap. Orib.6.10.9: aor. εἱλκυσάμην (ἀφ-) v.l. in Hp.Art.11, subj. ἀφελκύσωμαι Ar.Ach.1120; rarely εἱλξάμην Gal.4.534:—Pass., fut. ἑλκυσθήσομαι A.Th.614 (ξυγκαθ-), Lyc.358, ἑλχθήσομαι Gal.UP7.7: aor. εἱλκύσθην Hp.Epid.4.14, (ἐξ-) Ar.Ec.688, ἑλκ- Hdt.1.140, ἡλκ- IG12(7).115.11 (Amorgos); later εἵλχθην Ph.2.11, Philostr.VA8.15, D.L.6.91: pf. εἵλκυσμαι Hp.Superf. 16, E.Rh.576,Ph.1.316, (καθ-) Th.6.50, ἕλκυσμαι (ἀν-) Hdt.9.98, ἥλκυσμαι BGU1256.11(ii B.C.): plpf. εἵλκυστο Hp.Epid.4.36.—In Att., ἕλκω, ἕλξω were alone used in pres. and fut., while the other tenses were formed from ἑλκυ-; cf. ἑλκέω (q.v.), ἑλκυστάζω. In Hom., Aristarch. rejected the augm. (Cf. Lat. sulcus, Lith. velkù 'drag'):— draw, drag, with collat.notion of force or exertion, ὣς εἰπὼν ποδὸς ἕλκε began to drag [the dead body] by the foot, Il.13.383; ἤν περ . . ποδῶν ἕλκωσι θύραζε Od.16.276; τινὰ τῆς ῥινός Luc.Herm.73; Ἕκτορα . . περὶ σῆμ' ἑτάροιο ἕλκει Il.24.52; drag away a prisoner, 22.65 (Pass.); draw ships down to the sea, 2.152, etc.; draw along a felled tree, 17.743; of mules, draw a chariot, 24.324; ἑλκέμεναι νειοῖο . . πηκτὸν ἄροτρον draw the plough through the field, 10.353, cf. 23.518; ἕ. τινὰ ἐπὶ κνάφου Hdt.1.92; περιβαλόντας σχοινία ἕ. haul at them, Id.5.85.    2 draw after one, ἐν δ' ἔπεσ' Ὠκεανῷ . . φάος ἠελίοιο, ἕλκον νύκτα μέλαιναν Il.8.486; πέδας ἕ. trail fetters after one, Hdt.3.129; ἕ. χλανίδα let one's cloak trail behind, Ephipp.19(anap.); θοἰμάτιον Archipp.45.    3 tear in pieces (used by Hom. only in the form ἑλκέω), ὀνύχεσσι παρειάν E. Tr.280; worry, τὰς κύνας ὥλαφος ἕλκοι Theoc.1.135; ἑλκυσθῆναι ὑπὸ κυνός Hdt.1.140.    b metaph., carp at, Pi.N.7.103.    4 draw a bow, ἕλκε . . γλυφίδας τε λαβὼν καὶ νεῦρα βόεια Il.4.122, cf. Od.21.419, Hdt. 3.21, X.An.4.2.28, etc.    5 draw a sword, S.Ant.1233, E.Rh.576 (Pass.):—Med., ἕλκετο δ' ἐκ κολεοῖο . . ξίφος Il.1.194.    6 ἕ. ἱστία hoist sails, Od.2.426:—also in Med.,h.Bacch.32.    7 lift up scales, so as to poise them, ἕλκε δὲ μέσσα λαβών Il.8.72, 22.212.    II after Hom.,    1 pull a barge-pole, Hdt.1.194.    2 tow a ship, Th.2.90, etc.    3 drag into court, ἕλκω σε κλητεύσοντα Ar.Nu.1218, cf. 1004 (Pass.); εἰς ἀγοράν Act.Ap.16.19; drag about, esp. with lewd violence, ἕλκει καὶ βιάζεται D.21.150; μηδένα ἕλξειν μηδ' ὑβριεῖν ib. 221; ἕλκειν γυναῖκα Lys.1.12: metaph., ἄνω κάτω τοὺς λόγους ἕ. Pl. Tht.195c, cf. Arist.SE167a35; ἡμέας ὁ καιρὸς ἕλκει Herod.2.10; also ἥλκυσμαι λαμπαδάρχης I have been compelled to serve as λ., BGU l.c.    4 draw or suck up, [ἥλιος] ἕλκει τὸ ὕδωρ ἐπ' ἑωυτόν Hdt.2.25; ἕ. τὸν ἀέρα draw it in, breathe it, Hp.Aër.19, Ti.Locr.101d (Pass.), cf. Philyll.20: ζωὴν φύσιν Archel. ap. Antig.Mir.89; esp. of persons drinking, drink in long draughts, quaff, μέθυ E.Ion1200; ἄμυστιν Id.Cyc.417; τὴν . . τοῦ Πραμνίου [σπονδήν] Ar.Eq.107; οἶνον ἐκ . . λεπαστῆς TeleclId.24 (lyr.); ἀπνευστί Antiph.74.14, etc.: with acc. of the cup, δέπας μεστὸν . . ἕλκουσι γνάθοις ἀπαύστοις Id.237, cf. Eub. 56.7, al.; so ἕ. μαστόν suck it, E.Ph.987; inhale, ὀσμήν Antig.Mir. 89; of roots, draw up nourishment, Thphr.HP1.6.10: metaph., χανδὸν καὶ ἀμυστὶ τῶν μαθηυάτων ἕ. Eun.VSp.474D.    5 draw from a receptacle, ἐξ ἑκάστου κιβωτίου πινάκιον ἕν Arist.Ath.64.1.    6 ἕ. βίοτον, ζόαν, drag out a weary life, E.Or.207 (lyr.), Ph.1535 (lyr.); προφάσιας ἕ. keep making excuses, Hdt.6.86; πάσας τε προφάσεις . . ἕλκουσι Ar.Lys.727; ἕ. χρόνους make long, in prosody, Longin.Proll. Heph.p.83C.: hence intr., ἐπὶ τοσοῦτο λέγεται ἑλκύσαι τὴν σύστασιν .. that the conflict dragged on, lasted, Hdt.7.167, cf. PHib.1.83.9 (iii B.C.):—Pass., τῶν ἐγκλημάτων εἱκλυσμένων πλείονα χρόνον Supp.Epigr.2.281 (Delph., ii B.C.); also of a person, ἑλκόμενος καὶ μόγις Pl. R.350d.    7 ἕ. κόρδακα dance in long, measured steps, Ar.Nu.540; ἓν τουτὶ (σχῆμα) Id.Pax328.    8 draw to oneself, attract, of the magnet, E.Fr.567; by spells, τινὰ ποτὶ δῶμα Theoc.2.17, cf.X.Mem.3.11.18, Plot.4.4.40, etc.; πείθειν καὶ ἑ. Pl.R.458d; ἐχθροὺς ἐφ' ἑαυτόν D.22.59; draw on, ἐπὶ ἡδονάς Pl.Phdr.238a; εἰς τυραννίδας ἕ. τὰς πολιτείας Id.R.568c:—Pass., to be drawn on as by a spell, ἴυγγι δ' ἕλκομαι ἦτορ Pi.N.4.35; πρὸς φιλοσοφίαν Pl.R.494e.    9 of things weighed, ἕ. σταθμὸν τάλαντα δέκα draw down the balance, i.e. weigh ten talents, Hdt.1.50, cf. Eup.116: abs., τὸ δ' ἂν ἑλκύσῃ whatever it weigh, Hdt. 2.65; πλεῖον ἕ. Pl.Min.316a.    b ἕ. τὰς ψήφους cast up the account, PPetr.2p.37 (iii B.C.), PHib.1.17.25 (iii B.C.).    10 draw or derive from a source, ἐντεῦθεν εἵλκυσεν ἐπὶ τὴν . . τέχνην τὸ πρός φορον αὐτῇ Pl.Phdr.270a, cf. Jul.Or.7.207a; τὸ γένος ἀπό τινος Str.11.9.3; assume, μείζω φαντασίαν Plb.32.10.5; ὁ ἄρτος ἕλκει χρῶμα κάλλιστον Ath.3.113c.    11 ἑλκύσαι πλίνθους make bricks, Hdt.1.179, cf. PPetr.3p.137; ἕ. λάγανον Chrysipp. Tyan. ap. Ath.14.647e.    12 αἱ θυρίδες ἕλκουσι the win dows draw in air, Thphr.Vent.29.    13 ἕ. ἑαυτόν, expressing some kind of athletic exercise, Pl.Prm. 135d.    B Med., ἕ. χαίτας ἐκ κεφαλῆς tear one's hair, Il.10.15; ἀσσοτέρω πυρὸς ἕλκετο δίφρον drew his chair nearer to the fire, Od.19.506, cf. Semon.7.26.    2 draw to oneself, scrape up, amass, τιμάς, ἄφενος ἕλκεσθαι, Thgn.30.    3 ἕλκεσθαι στάθμας περισσᾶς in Pi.P.2.90, means lit., to drag at too great a line, i.e.grasp more than one's due-- but whence the metaphor is taken remains unexplained.    C Pass., to be drawn or wrenched, νῶτα . . ἑλκόμενα στερεῶς, of wrestlers, Il.23.715; of the nails, to be curved, Hp.Morb.2.48; to close in when the core is removed, of the timber of certain trees, Thphr.HP5.5.2.    2 to be drawn or to flow at a place, of streams, Lyc.702; πρὸς ἀντολίην ἕ. αἶα D.P.1086.    3 to be drawn or contracted, εἱλκύσθη ἐπὶ τὰ δεξιὰ τράχηλος Hp.Epid.4.14.